
Glass _Dt3.SA^ 



Book -L 



yz^'i 



SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT 



V 






d L 



Masori's Farrier and Stud-Book — New Edition. 
THE GENTLEMAN'S 

NEW POCKET FARRIER: 

COMPRISING 
A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE NOBLE AND USEFUL ANIMAL, 

THE HORSE; 

WITH MODES OP MANAGEMENT IN ALL CASES, AND 
TREATMENT IN DISEASE. 

BY RICHARD^~1FaS0N, M. D. 

FORMERLY OF SURRY COUNTY, VIRGINIA. 
TO WHICH IS ADDED, 

A PRIZE ESSAY ON MULES; 
AN APPENDIX, 

CONTAINING RECIPES FOR DISEASES OF HORSES, OXEN, COWS, 

CALVES, SHEEP, DOGS, SWINE, ETC. ETC. 

WITH 

ANNALS OF THE TURF, AMERICAN STUD-BOOK, RULES FOR 

/ TRAINING, RACING, ETC. 

WITH A SUPPLEMENT: 

COMPRISING 

AN ESSAY ON DOMSTIC ANIMALS, ESPECIALLY THE HORSE; 

WITH REMARKS ON TREATMENT AND BREEDING ; 

TOGETHER WITH 

TROTTING- AND RACING TABLES, 

SHOWING 
THE BEST TIME ON RECORD, AT ONE, TWO, THREE, AND FOUR MILE HEATS ; 

PEDIGREES OF WINNING HORSES, SINCE 1839; AND OF THE 

MOST CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND MARES; 

WITH 

USEFUL CALVING AND LAMBING TABLES, &c. &c. 
BY J. S. SKINNER, 

Editor now of the Farmers' Library, New York ; Founder of the American Farmer, in 1819 ; 
and of the Turf Register and Sporting Magazine, in 1829: being the first Agricul- 
tural and the first Sporting Periodicals established in the United States. 



^^0/\ PHILADELPHIA: 

^ \ ^O GRIGG, ELLIOT & CO. 

•?. \ V^ NO. U NORTH FOURTH STREET. 

\^f \ T \ 1848. 






Entered according to the act of Congress, in the year 1848, by 

JOHN GRIGG, 

in the clerk's office of the district court of the United States, in 

and for the eastern district of Pennsylvania. 



Primed by T K. & P. G. Collin*. 



PREFACE. 

Few subjects can more justly claim the attention 
of the public, than that noble and useful animal, the 
horse ; and there are few indeed of any moment, that 
have met with more neglect from society. Not more 
than one or two authors in the United States have 
turned their attention to this interesting subject. This 
neglect, in which everyindividual is so deeply interested, 
must have proceeded from the low standing in society 
to which the horse has been sunk by men destitute oi 
veracity, too often having the opportunity of dealing in 
those invaluable animals, committing frauds, making 
false statements of age,gaits, condition, &c. to the injury 
of those who are unfortunate enough to confide in their 
assertions, or to deal with them. 

In this little work, whose size is calculated for the 
pocket, I shall endeavour to guard the unsuspecting 
against the arts of the jockey, and to point out so plainly 
the difference between an elegant and a common horse 
a good and bad horse, a sound and an unsound horse, 
that any person may become a tolerable judge, by 
reading this little book with attention, however unfa- 
miliar the subject may have been heretofore. It is 
my object to be useful rather than offend, or appear 
learned. I shall avoid all hard names, technical terms. 
&c. ; and will offer to the public the information 1 
1* 



4 PREFACE. 

possess, with candour and simplicity. In a work of 
this nature, the claim to entire originality must be 
relinquished; so far from attempting it, I confess 1 
have, in a few instances, made quotations from other 
authors, when I have found from experience they con- 
tained matter, useful, clear, plain, and familiar for my 
purpose. I hope this acknowledgment will be received 
in place of marks of quotation. 

Amongst the great number of animals under the 
(iontrol of man, the excellent horse, unquestionably, is 
the most serviceable. How often do we see him the 
sole dependence of the poor farmer and his family, 
with whom he divides the morsel, shares in the toils, 
and by slowly turning up the soil, not only keeps them 
free from want, but fills the barn with plenty ! Trace 
nim from the lowest to the highest situation, you will 
find him faithful, affectionate, and no less useful. Jn 
every species of farming, the horse bears the principal 
burden, and is the means of increasing wealth and 
happiness. In the transportation of foreign growth 
and manufactures to the interior of our country, and 
the exportation of the produce of the United States, 
the faithful horse affords a speedy conveyance to and 
from the water's edge. For the quick communications 
by posts and stages, even with the most remote parts 
of the union, we are indebted to the horse. Even 
our happy republican government has been established, 
protected, defended, and administered, by the means 
and aid of these noble animals. Men of every pro- 
fession, must all acknowledge the benefit derived 
from him; indeed he has been the very spring of 
punctuality and attention to business of almost every 
description. The horse, in his nature, is mild, patient, 
forgiving, and affectionate. After being hard used, 
half starved, and unmercifully beaten, who recol- 



PREFACE. 



lects ever to fiave seen him appear to feel the injury, 
pout over his scanty allowance, or discover hatred 
towards his cruel master? View his gentleness ana 
kindness to a sot, who has indulged too long over his 
glass, often bending, turning and yielding to his giddy 
head ; and finally, when he is prostrated in the dust, 
now often does the sagacious animal, when compelled 
to tread on him, bear lightly and tenderly ; and when 
loose, appear unwilling to leave the helpless drunkard ; 
how often on his back are we conveyed in safety 
at night amidst difficulties, dangers, and unfamiliar 
roads ? And where is the traveller that does not re- 
collect that when returning on his journey, and in 
search of his home, when a road before unnoticed, 
had bewildered and stopped his progress, how readily 
and how faithfully has the horse thrown his ears to- 
wards the right road, and with quickening steps dis- 
covered his eagerness to reach his home ? See him in 
the race, resolute, eager, and delighted, swelling every 
vein, and exerting every muscle and fibre to win the 
prize. Behold him in the field of battle, furious, in- 
trepid, and full of fire, forgetful of danger, rushing on 
the point of the bayonet, delighting in the glittering 
of arms, and panting for victory. View him in the 
civil and more happy circles of domestic life, in the 
service of the rich, the liberal, and the happy, proudly 
and smoothly rolling behind him the rattling chariot 
wheels, with an aspect lively, gay, and cheerful. li 
to an animal like this, I can be the cause of adding to 
his comfort, improving his condition, making him fat, 
relieving his pain, removing disease, and sometimes 
save life, I shall feel as if I had rendered a service to 
the community at large, and performed a part of the 
task assigped me. 



b PREFACE. 

When the reader reflects that a large volume has 
been written on the anatomy of the horse's foot alone, 
he will easily conceive my confined, embarrassed, and 
cramped situation; having to treat of so many differ- 
ent parts and subjects, within the scope of two hun- 
dred pages. In doing of this, it will be impossible for 
me to give more than the skeleton or bare outline of 
the interesting theme, which I hope, at some future 
day, will be filled up and completed by some more 
fortunate genius. 

THE AUTHOR. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS, 



MASON S FARRIER. 



Appendix to Mason, Page 195 

Addenda to Mason, 289 

Age, 72 

by feeling, 76 

Breeding and raising, 29 

do. do. by Broadnax 34 

Blooded horse, to choose 37 

Blaze or star 79 

Body 81 

Broken wind 98 

Bots or grubs 118 

Bruises 132 

Big head 140 

Blisters 153 

Bleeding 157 

Carriage horses 19 

Castrating colts 60 

Crib biting 97 

Chest founder 100 

Colds 150 

Colic or Gripes 113 

Clyster or glyster 154 

Docking 59 
Diseases, infectious to prev. 126 

DiarrhcEa or purging 151 

Diabetes 152 

Driving 158 

Excessive fatigue 65 

Eyes, good and bad 86 

moon 92 

Foxing 58 

Fattening 63 

Founder, chest _ 100 

Founder 110 

Farcy 105 

Fistula 145 

Fomentations 155 

Galls, wind 104 

Gravel in the bladder 124 

in the hoofs 128 

Glyster or clyster 154 

Head 80 

Heels, narrow 101 

Hoofs 85 

gravel in 128 

Hidebound 137 

Hooks or Haws 121 

Hinny and Mule 159 
Infectious diseases to prev't. 126 



Journey, treatment on Page 

Keeping 

Legs 

Lanipass 

Lock Jaw 

Lost appetite 

Marks 

Mane and tail 

Moon Eyes 

Mange 

Mash 

Mules 

Narrow heels 

Neck and shoulders 

Nicking 

Ostler 

Pricking 

Poll evil 

Purging or Diarrhoea 

Race horse 

rider 

Horses, English mod© 

of management. &c. 

Ring bone 

Saddle horse 

Stables 

Star or Blaze 

Shoeing 

Starting 

Stumbling 

Spavin 

String halt 

Splint 

Scratches 

Strangles 

Stone or gravel in bladder 

Strains 



Surfeit 

Sore tongue 

Saddle galls 

Sitfasts 

Spot a white horse 

Treatment on a journey 

Wind broken 

Wind galls 

Wounds 

Wall's receipt 

Yellow water 



G8 

23 

82 

103 

148 

149 

78 

85 

92 

137 

156 

159 

101 

82 

48 

45 

58 

146 

151 

22 

28 

39 

110 

13 

46 

79 

83 

93 

95 

96 

99 

102 

117 

123 

124 

133 

134 

138 

140 

150 

151 

157 

68 

98 

104 

129 

158 

125 



CONTENTS OF APPENDIX. 

SIT The following are Numbered instead of being Paged. 



Alterative medicine for live 

stock No. 129 

Astringent medicines for live 

stock 131 

Balls and drinks, mode ot 

giving to horses 111 

Balls, cordial cough, &c. used 

in Veterinary practice 147 
Belly, diseases of 39 

Bladder, inflammation of 62 

in cattle 193 

Bloody urine in horses 63 

Blistering 118 

Sweating of Liquid 120 

Bleeding 126 

Blisters used in Veterinary 

Pharmacopoeia 138 

Blood or bog spavin 89 

Bloody ray (see dysentery) 196 
Blown or hove in cattle 187 
Blast or hove in sheep 220 

Blood rot in do. 222 

Bowels, inflammation of 45 

Bone spavin and splints 87 

Braxy or dysentery in cattle 196 

■ in sheep 224 

Broken wind 37 

Bridle sores 26 

Broken knees 85 

Catarrhal fever in horses 13 

Capulet of the hock in do. 81 
Canker or quittor in do. 106 

Castration, nicking, docking 

and cropping 125 

Castrating lambs, &c. 241 

swine 243 

Catarrh or influenza in cattle 177 
Cattle surgery 201 

obstetrics 204 

vermin on 209 

Calves, diseases of 207 

Calving 205 

Chronic cough 36 and 218 

Clysters used in Veterinary 

Medicine 143 
Claveau, or sheep pox 214 
Clystcring 122 
Condition of horses 2 
Cough, chronic 36 
in sheep 218 



Colic, red or enteritis No. 45 

, fret or gullion 53 

, in horn cattle 189 and 194 

Corns in the feet of horses 101 

Cracks 95 

Cud, loss of 198 

Cutting in feet of horses 108 

Curb of the hock in horses 92 

Cutting and spaying pigs 243 

Daisy or turning in cattle 199 

Diseases of horses, see horse 

Diseases in feet of horses 96 

Founder 98 

Contraction 99 

Pumiced foot 100 

Corns 101 

Burning thrush 103 

Sand Cracks 104 

Pricks 105 

Quittor and canker 106 



Treads 

Cutting 
Diarrhoea or looseness 
in cattle 



Diseases of sheep 
swine 



107 
108 
52 
195 
210 
242 
Diuretic used in Veterinary 

Medicine 151 

Diseases of horn'd cattle 173, 183 
Diabetes, profuse staling or 

pissing evil 64 

Drinks and balls, mode of 



giving in Vet. Surgery 


111 


Drinks in Vet. medicine 


149 


Dysenteric inflammation 


49 


Dysentery or braxy in cattle 


196 




224 




Dogs, diseases of 


244 


Asthma 


245 


Sore eyes 


248 


Ch-ncer 


249 


Colic 


250 


Cough 


251 


Distemper 


252 


Fits 


254 


Inflamed bowels 


255 


Inflamed lungs 


256 


Madness 


257 


Worming whelps 


262 


Mange 263— Worms 


264 



CONTENTS OF APPENDIX. 







Embrocations used in Ve- 

terinary practice No. 154 

Epidemic fever or pest 15 

Epilepsy 17 

Eyes, horses, diseases of 18 

Farcy, 74 

Feet, founder of 96 

Fetlock, strains of the 83 
Fever in horned cattle 174 & 183 
Fever medicine, used in ve- 

terinary practice 157 

Fistulous withers 28 

Firing 121 
Fret, colic gripes or gullion 54 
Flux, slimy, see dysentery 

Frontal worms in sheep 236 
Fomentations in veterinary 

surgery 113 
Founder of the feet 96 
Foot stoppings for horses 166 
Foul in the foot in cattle 202 
Foot rot in sheep 232 
Fumigations used in veteri- 
nary practice 157 
Gall in sheep 224 
Gid in do. 233 
Goggles in do. 233 
Glanders 71 
Glanderous rot in sheep 217 
Grease 93 
Gravel and stone in horses 65 
Gripes, colic, fret or gullion 53 
Gutta serena 20 
Gullion, colic, gripes or fret 53 
Horses, diseases of 1 
In and out of con- 
dition, and when 
diseased. 2, 3, 4 
Inflammatory diseases 5 
Diseases of the head 17 
Neck 28 
Chest 31 
Skin 66 
Glanders and farcy 71 
Diseases of the ex- 
tremities 76 
Diseases of the Feet 96 
Hepatitis or yellows 58 
Hide bound 70 
Hoof Liquid for veterinary 

jiractice 162 

Hove or blown in cattle 187 

Horn distemper or horn ail 208 



Hove blast or wind colic in 

sheep No. 220 

Hogs, see swine 

Hydatids or staggers in sheep 223 

Inflammatory fever in horse 

diseases 5 

General 6 

Local 7 

Inflammation of the brain or 

phrenitis 8 

Inflammatory fever in horse 
diseases, general 33 

local 7 

Influenza or catarrh fever in 

horses 13 

Inflammation of the lungs in 
horses 31 

in cattle 184 



Inflammation, of the bowels 45 

of the liver 58 

in sheep 222 

Incontinence of urine 63 

Influenza or catarrh 177 

Inflanimation of the stomach 

in cattle 185, 189 

Inflammation of the kidneys 

or red water 191 

Inflammation of the bladder 193 
Jaundice in sheep 223 

Knees broken, in horses 85 

Lampass or mouth disease 25 
Lambs, castration of 241 

diseases of 238 

Liver, chronic inflammation of 58 

, diseases of in horses 58 

Lockjaw, in horses 11 

Looseness or diarrhcea 52 

Lungs, inflammation of 31 

Malignant fever in horses 15 
Madness, canine 257 

Mange 66 

in Dogs 263 

Mallenders and sallenders 84 
Malignant epidemic or mur- 
rain in sheep 216 
Megrims 17 
Morfounder or CLtarrhal fe- 
ver in horses 13 
Moon blindness or opthalmia 19 
Mineral poison 40 
Murrain or pest 15 

• in cattle 179 

Murrain in sheep 216 



10 



CONTENTS OF APPENDIX. 



Neck, diseases of No. 28, 30 

Opthalmia or blindness 19 

Ointments used for horses, 

cattle', sheep, &,c. by Vete- 

rinary practitioners 169 

Obstetrics in cattle 204 

Overreach or tread in the 

feet 107 

Pest or murrain 15 

Peripneumonia or inflamed 

lungs in sheep 217 

Pendro, a disease in sheep 233 
Pinning do. in do. 226 
Pharmacopceia in horses and 

cattle 
Poll Evil 
Poison, mineral 

, vegetable 

-, in siieep 



128 

21 

40 

42 

239 

115 



Poultices in Voter, surgery 
Pneumonia or inflammation 

of the lungs 34 

Physicking 123 

Process 124 

Pricks in the feet 105 

Pumiced foot 100 

Purging medicine in Veteri- 
nary practice 163 
Puckeridge or wornals in 

cattle 203 

Pigs, see swine 
Quittor and canker in the 

feet of horses 106 

Salivation 41 

Sand cracks 104 

Sallenders and mallenders 84 
Setons 116 

Scalding mixture for poll 

evil 165 

Scouring or diarrhoea in horn- 
ed cattle 195 
Scour in sheep 224 
Scab or shab in sheep 231 
Sheep, diseases of 210 
Sore throat 28 
Staggers in horses 9 and 43 

in cattle 199 

Staggers in sheep 233 

Sturdy 17 

in sheep 233 

Strang'les, vives or ives 22 

Stranguary or suppression of 
urine 63 



Stone or gravel in horses No. 66 



Stomach staggers 
, inflammation 



of 



43 



in sheep 219 

Strain in the shoulder 76 

, in the whirl bone 78 

, in tlie stifle 80 

, in the back sinews 81 

, of the leg 82 

, of the fetlock and cof- 
fin joints 83 
Shoulder strains in horses 76 
Splints and bone spavins 8C 
Spavin, blood and bog 89 
Skin, diseases of in horses 65 
Surfeit 67 
Surgery in cattle 199 
Swelled neck 30 
Swine, diseases of 242 

, cutting and spaying 243 

Tag-belt in sheep 22fc" 
Tetanus or locked jaw in 



horses 

in cattle 
Teeth 

Throat, diseases of 
Thick wind or pneumonia 
Thoroughpin or blood spavin 
Treads or overreach in the 

feet 
Ticks in sheep, to destroy 
Turnsick, in horses 
, in sheep 



11 

200 
27 
29 
34 

89 

107 

240 

17 

233 

Urinary organs of horses, 

diseases of 60 

Urine, suppression of 63 

bloody or stranguary 63 

incontinence of 63 

Veterinary operations on 

horses 109 

Veterinary Pharmacopceia 127 
Vives or ives 24 

Vermin on cattle 209 

Warbles 68 

Warts 69 

Wash medicines used by ve- 
terinary practitioners 167 
Wind broken or pneumonia 37 
Whirl bone strains 78 
Worms in horses 57 

in sheep 236 and 237 

Wounds, treatment of 110 

Wornals or puckeridge 20? 



CONTENTS OP APPENDIX. 



11 



Worm under the horn, a dis- 

ease in sheep, No, 233 

Watery head in sheep 233 

Wind colic in do. 221 



Yellows or liver complaint 

No. 5? 

, hot, in cattle 190 and 19r 

, in sheep 22i 



THE 

POCKET FARRIER. 

SADDLE HORSE. 

When a horse is purchased for the saddle alone, ii 
is to be presumed he must be clear of all defects, 
strike the fancy, entirely please the eye, and, from his 
happy symmetry and due proportion of form, stana 
the second beauty in the world. When this is the 
case, he is seldom disposed of at too high a price. — 
Amongst the great number of people in the United 
States, I am induced to believe, there are but few 
good judges of a horse calculated for the saddle. In- 
deed, they are better informed upon almost any othei 
subject that can be mentioned. Yet the Virginians 
have a large number of fine horses, and are accused 
of devoting too much attention to that beautiful ani- 
mal. Among all the difficulties attending the affairs 
of common .ife, there is not, perhaps, a greater than 
that of choosing a beautiful, an elegant, or good horse. 
Nor will this appear strange, when we consider the 
number of circumstances that are to be taken into 
consideration, with regard to shape, size, movements, 
limbs, marks, eyes, colour, age, &c. &c. — which are 
so various that it would fill a volume to describe; and 
indeed the best judges are often obliged to content 
themselves with guessing at some things, unless they 
have sufficient lime to make a thorough trial. If J 
were asked, what were the two most beautiful objects 



14 SADDLE HORSE. 

in nature, I would answer, ihat woman, lovdy woman, 
before whose charms the soul of man bows with re- 
verence and submission, stands unparalleled ; next to 
this matchless paragon, a beautiful horse displays 
nature in her highest polish and greatest perfection ; 
his gay and cheerful appearance, proudly prancing 
and bounding, his elegance of shape, smoothness of 
limbs, polish of skin, due proportion of form, and 
gracefulness of action, united to a mild, soft, faithful, 
and patient disposition, raise him far above the rest o( 
the brute creation. I shall now proceed to lay down 
some rules, and to give some hints, for the examina- 
tion of a horse previous to a purchase being made, to 
prevent the liberty of exaggeration, which is too fre- 
quently taken by dealers in those animals, and which 
too often terminates to the serious injury of the pur- 
chaser. 

It is to be much lamented, that men who entertain 
a proper idea of honour in all the common affairs of 
life, so soon as they become the owner of a horse, 
feel at liberty, without being sensible of doing violence 
to their morals, to knock off two or three years from 
his real age, and express themselves, with apparent 
delight, of services, gaits, and qualities, to which he 
never had any sort of claim or pretention ; carefully 
keeping a secret every vice and defect to which he is 
subject. I do not pretend to say this is the case with 
all who exchange or sell a horse, but that it has often 
occurred no person will deny. If a fraud can be prac- 
tised at all, it is sufficient reason for the inexperienced 
and unsuspecting to be placed on their guard. When 
a horse is offered for sale, I would advise the pur- 
chaser to ask one question, viz : Is he in all respects 
perfectly sound? vShould a cheat be practised on you, 
under such circumstances, an action would lie against 



SADDLE HORSE. 15 

the seller, and damages could be recoverable ; but be 
your own judge, not permitting any declaration that 
may be made by the seller, to alter your opinion ot 
ibi-m, age, condition, movements, action, &c. As 
the eyes of a horse are the most important organ, first 
iet him undergo a strict examination; ascertain his 
age, examine his figure and action; guarding yourself 
against being too much pleased or fascinated with the 
appearance of a new object; view his feet and legs; 
large ridges on the hoofs, or very flat feet, discover a 
horse to be subject to founder : large gouty legs, with 
enlarged tendons indicate strains and other injuries, 
examine his hindjegs, with great attention, just below 
the hock and inside the hind knee; if there is any 
unnatural prominence or knot, unlike the other knee, it 
wears the appearance of a spavin, which renders a 
horse of but little value. Splint, which appears on the 
inside of the fore legs, and wind-galls, upon the ancles, 
are unpleasant to the eye, but seldom produce serious 
lameness ; they furnish plain proof that a horse has 
been serviceable, and are very seldom productive of 
any other injury than stiftness, as he advances in years. 
Ride yourself, for the purpose of trying his gaits and 
qualities; as a rider accustomed to a horse, by private 
signs, such as manner of riding, bearing on the bit, 
leaning forward or backward, holding the heels close 
to his sides, &c. &c. &c., can make a dull horse appear 
gay and spirited, a wild horse gentle, a stumbler clear 
footed, one that is blind appear to see, and a starting 
horse free from that great objection, &c. &c Before 
mounting him, examine his knees, to discover if they 
are skinned, the hair off", or scarred; those are strong 
symptoms of his politeness to a fault. Ride with your 
bridle loose over any uneven ground : if he is in the 
habit of stumbling, he will very readily inform youi 
2* 



SADDLE HORSE. 



then approach some object offensive to the sight; if 
he appears much alarmed, stopping suddenly, and 
attempting to turn round, paying but little respect to 
the bearing af the bridle, you may judge he has been 
long in the habit of that bad practice. Ride him in 
all his different gaits, to ascertain if they are smooth, 
easy, and agreeable ; move him about a mile, out and 
back, in fully half speed; frequently stopping him 
suddenly to try his wind, also if he is spavined; if his 
wind has been injured, he will blow unnaturally; 
making a loud wheezing noise, with great difficulty 
of breathing. While warm, ride him in cold water 
above the belly ; after which let him cool fifteen or 
twenty minutes, and if he is spavined, and has received 
temporary relief, by applications of any kind, the 
disease will make its appearance so plain, that you 
will discover evident marks of lameness. The spavin 
IS often relieved for a time ; and in a few instances 
has been permanently cured, by blistering, bathing 
with double distilled spirits, &c. The brisk exercise, 
&c. is intended to bring on a return of its effects, in 
case the animal should have had temporary relief from 
that distressing disease. 

Having given such hints as I am persuaded will 
lead to the discovery of any material defects in a horse 
about to be purchased, I shall now proceed to the 
description of a horse that I consider elegant and fit 
for the saddle. 

In order that he may have just claim to beauty and 
elegance, his head must be small, thin, bony, and 
tapering; his countenance lively and cheerful; his 
ears quick of action, high, erect, narrow, thin, and 
pomting together; his eyes kirge, round, full, and black, 
sparkling with cheerfulness, yet hushing his agitating 
passions into order and obedience; his nostrils large 



SADDLE HORSE. 17 

and expanded, and when in motion, disclosing a deep 
red colour ; his brow and forehead smooth, and not 
too flat ; his nose somewhat rising, of good turn, and 
a little inclined to the Roman shape ; his neck long, 
thin, delicate, and arched, forming a beautiful grada- 
tion from the breast and shoulders ; his mane half the 
width of his neck, thin and smooth ; his shoulders high, 
tapering, and thrown well back ; his breast plump, full, 
and of moderate width ; his fore legs straight, flat, 
sinewy, and thin ; his arms large and muscular ; his 
back short, and not too much swayed for strength and 
durability, but pretty even and straight ; his body 
rather round and swelling than flat, and of propor- 
tionable size ; his flanks plump and full, and the last 
rib approaching near the hip bones ; his hips and but- 
tocks full, round, and well covered with muscles ; his 
chine broad ; his tail well placed, and naturally or 
artificially elegant, which adds much to his figure and 
gay appearance ; his thighs long, from the hip to the 
haunch bone large and bulging with muscles ; his 
hocks broad, sinewy, bony, and clear of puffs ; his hind 
legs from the hocks short, bending a little rather than 
straight, flat, and sinewy ; his pasterns of moderate 
length, small and bony ; his hoofs cupped, small, round, 
and smooth ; his hind parts not tucked, but of- easy 
turn and graceful slope ; when mounted his appearance 
should be bold, lofty, and majestic ; his eyes shining 
with intrepidity and fire ; his movements light and 
airy as a phantom, with a fairy step, that would 
scarcely break a dew drop ; his actions smooth and 
graceful ; his colour should suit the taste of the pur- 
chaser, though a mahogany bay is certainly the best 
colour ; his marks large, of irregular white, to light up 
the countenance, and at least two white legs, which 
will add much to his beauty — though it must be ac 



18 SADDLE HORSE. 

knowledged, that all parts of a horse that are white, 
are much more tender than any other colour. When 
a horse is rode by any person for you to judge of his 
gaits, you should have him moved towards you, from 
you, and finally by you, as you may have the oppor- 
tunity of discovering, if there is any turning in and out 
about his knees and ancles, before or behind, which is 
very objectionable. A well shaped horse will track 
as true, or his legs will follow each other in as direct a 
line, as the wheels of a well constructed carriage. — 
For him to be considered a good riding horse, he 
should move with ease to himself, and pass over the 
ground with great rapidity. Hard steps, short going, 
and great apparent labour, is offensive to the sight, 
unpleasant to the rider, and fatiguing to the horse him- 
self With respect to the colour of horses, people 
ditier very widely ; a black horse, with white face and 
legs; a grey, or a mahogany bay, with white marks, 
wIkui well kept, are all showy colours ; but for actual 
service, experience has proved, that dark colours, 
without any white feet, are far preferable ; for who 
ever recollects to have seen a black, sorrel, or bay 
horse, with a bald face and four white legs, distinguish 
himself on the turf, in four mile heats ? I am inclined 
to believe there is no first rate race horse, of that de- 
scription, within the United States. 

I have, perhaps, stated some facts relative to horse 
jockeys, in a manner so plain and candid, as to draw 
from them their displeasure. My object is not to 
offend, but to instruct and be useful to those who want 
experience on the subject, for which this little book is 
designed. 

The annexed engraving (See Frontispiece) presents 
nny idea of an elegant saddle horse ; by a reference to 



CARUIAGE HORSES. 10 

which, the judgment of a purcliaser will not oi.K oe 
benefited, but meet with considerable support. 



»®9« 



CARRIAGE HORSES. 

Horses intended for a carriage or draft of any 
description, should be from five feet to five feet four 
inches high; though there are many excellent and 
truly valuable draft horses of much smaller size. The 
greatest attention should be paid to their habits, temper, 
quality, and disposition. A horse that has been once 
frightened in harness, never again is safe for that 
employment. So retentive are their memories, that 
they do not forget an alarm of that kind during their 
whole lives. For the want of experience on this subject, 
horses that have been frightened in harness have been 
hitched to carriages, which too often has been the 
cause of the untimely death of many amiable females 
and helpless children. Indeed, a pair of good and well 
matched, gentle carriage horses, is rarely to be met 
with ; as so many good qualities, together with a 
similarity of age, colour, size, and marks, is required to 
make them complete and valuable. Th^ir eyes should 
be good, carriage lofty, bodies proportionaoly large, 
breasts full and wide, their whole bodies heavily 
muscled; their heads, necks, and ears delicate ; their 
iegs large, sinewy, and bony ; their pasterns short, and 
their hoofs moderately large, and not too flat. They 
should be free from starting, stumbling, and kicking; 



20 CARRIAGE HORSES. 

and meir dispositions patient, gentle, and obedient, 
[t very often happens that horses are kept together as 
a match, on account of their colour and similarity of 
marks, when no respect is paid to their difference of 
form, spirit, and- movements, which often differ as 
widely as the mettled racer from the dull cart horse. 
When thus badly matched, they would very soon 
be separated by a good judge, and nothing short of 
necessity should ever permit them to draw together. 
Carriage horses should carry good tails, naturally or 
artificially, which adds much to their gay and elegant 
appearance ; presenting figures ready, apparently, to 
move upon the wind, whilst they are perfectly gentle 
and manageable. Horses of different colours, whose 
spirit, Size, and movements are similai*, are a much 
better match in harness than those of the same colour, 
with three or four inches difference in height; or one 
dull, and the other spirited; one young, the other old; 
one fat, the other poor ; one with a bald face and white 
legs, the other with white legs; or one active, and the 
other clumsy. 

I have thus taken up the time of the reader, to make 
him the better judge, and give him a correct idea of 
a bad match of carriage horses, which will assist him 
much in selecting those that are good. After being 
thoroughly satisfied about the shape, age, condition, 
&c., of a pair of carriage horses you may be about to 
purchase, it will be necessary, in justice to yourself, 
to try them in harness; though the seller will assure 
you they are as gentle as Iambs, true as honour, and 
finally, the best pair of horses in the world; although 
It is possible for such a statement to be a fact, I would 
advise that a trial should be made, and the purchaser 
become his own judge; for which purpose have them 
hitched in a carriage, and driven several times up and 



CAKRIAGE HORSES. 21 

down the steepest hill that the road may cross, which 
is most convenient: if they have any tricks, or are not 
true draft horses, it can be readily discovered: next, 
for the purpose of discovering if they have ever been 
alarmed in harness, frequently open and shut the car- 
riage door, also move and rattle the steps ; if they have 
ever been frightened in harness you will very soon be 
compelled to desist; then by coming to their front, and 
with attention observing their ears and eyes, you will 
be informed to your entire satisfaction, if they are safe 
Horses that have been once alarmed in harness, so 
soon as they hear any rattling noise behind them, 
begin to grow restless, sinking or squatting behind, 
holding the head high, snorting, fetching long breaths, 
moving the ears with great quickness, at the same 
time showing the whites of their eyes. Let me warn 
the reader against the purchase of such horses ; they 
are unfit and unsafe for the use of a family. Horses 
for harness, that are fiery and fretful, are very objec- 
tionable, and should always be avoided; but great care 
should be taken to distinguish between animals of this 
description, and those that are eager and spirited; the 
former begin to prance and fret the moment they are 
out of the stable, until they exhaust themselves with 
fatigue ; but the latter endeavour only to be first in the 
chase, or foremost in the field, and are truly valuable; 
possessing those qualities that resemble prudence and 
courage; the others, intemperate heat and rashness. 
Whenever carriage horses are driven, they should 
be moved off fifteen or twenty steps in a slow walk, 
without the cracking or fiourishing of a whip, which 
IS so much the custom, and which is very frequently 
the cause of high tempered horses refusing to draw , 
after which their speed may be quickened to whatevei 
gait you may prefer, by the use of some kind word, 
3 



22 RACE HORSE. 

to which all horses should be accustomed It is very 
much the practice with drivers to leave their horses 
standing in a carriage, without any person ^to hold 
them, for hours together. Having seen the worst oi 
consequences result from this practice, (and with horses 
under the character of being gentle,) I would recom 
mend that drivers should never give up their reins, 
until they are prepared with some person sufficiently 
strong to hold them. By using such precaution, the 
overturning and breaking many fine carriages, and the 
ruining for ever many valuable and elegant carriage 
horses, would be avoided. 



»e@e« 



RACE HORSE. 

It is a remarkable fact, that horses run in all shapes. 
But most generally, those excel upon the turf, that are 
of the following form : head and neck thin, small, and 
delicate; eyes large, plump, and full of expression; 
nostrils wide, red, and expanded; throttle large; 
shoulders high, thin, and running very far back ; breast 
plump, full, and wide; body long, round, and rather 
light than heavy; back short as possible; thighs long, 
large, full, and bulging; fore arm large and swelling 
towards his breast ; hocks broad, strong, and bony ; 
legs of moderate size, thin, flat, and sinewy; pasterns 
rather long and small, than otherwise; feet of propor- 
tionable size to the balance of his form ; though, of the 
two extremes, small is the best; he should be nervous, 
tractable, and of good spirit, and he should be from 
five feet to five feet four inches high. Such a horse, 
well managed, kept and placed in races, will seldom 
fail to distinguish himself on the turf. 



KEKPING. 33 



KEEPING 



The keeping a horse for a race is attended with 
much trouble, and requires great attention: but is 
more simple than is generally believed by persons 
wanting experience on that subject. 

A large majority of grooms, even to the present day 
are in the habit of giving to race horses lai"ge quanti- 
ties of physic, (though the number engaged in tnis 
practice has been diminished within the last ten years,) 
and for the sake of those very valuable animals, I hope 
ere long, such an injurious practice will be entirely 
abolished. All the medicine on earth will never give 
to a horse speed and bottom, that is naturally deficient 
in those respects ; and if he is affected at all by its use, 
it must operate to his disadvantage. 

The plainest and simplest mode of keeping horses, 
has proved much the best, to all who have ventured, 
in defiance of old opinions and customs, to use that 
course. When a horse is in health, the medicine ge- 
nerally given by grooms, has the effect of relaxing 
the muscles, enfeebling the system, and expanding the 
pores of the skin. I am clearly of opinion, that those 
large doses, which are so often given, never cause a 
horse, when running, to fetch a longer breath, braced 
his muscles, ad^d to the elasticity of his tendons, in- 
vigorated his system, or gave him, in any way, extra 
powers to perform the task assigned him ; but on the 
contrary, are frequently the means of throwing a 
horse out of order, that in all probability, under dif- 
ferent treatment, would have proved successful, if not 
master on the turf: indeed, this has sometimes been 
proved by the change of owners, and when a good 
3* 



24 KEEPmo. 

horse has fallen into the hands of one that has observed 
plain and simple treatment — the horse that previous to 
the change never was more than second or third best, 
has run with more than anticipated success. 

But many old and ignorant grooms who have never 
been benefited by experience, and all the knowledge 
they possess have been handed to them by persons 
equally ignorant with themselves, are under a belief, 
that unless a horse swallows a certain number of wind 
balls, that it is impossible he can win a race ; added 
to which, they are extremely superstitious, and some, 
even at the present day, confide in tricks and witch- 
craft. It is to be much regretted that a good horse 
snouid e 'er fall into the hands of such blockheads. 

The first thing necessary in the keeping a race horse 
IS, a good log stable, about fifteen feet square : then 
provide a plenty of good and sweet old corn, fodder, 
and oats, and a suflicient quantity of clean and dry 
straw, to change his bed every two or three days. 

Most horses, when first taken up for the purpose of 
being kept, require bleeding ; whi(ih a groom can 
always be a judge of from the appearance of the ani- 
mal. Good cloths, girts, &c. should be provided and 
kept on the horse, except at the hours for rubbing, 
which should be regularly three times a day ; in the 
morning, and evening after practice, and at twelve 
o'clock ; for which purpose a curry-comb, brush, straw 
and a large woollen cloth, must be pr15vided and well 
used. Good rubbing assists in putting a horse in order, 
and places on his skin a beautiful gloss. His legs 
must be washed three times a day in clear cold water, 
after which they must be rubbed dry with straw, and 
the naked hand rubbed over the ancles and pasterns, 
until a small degree of warmth is felt. The stable 
should be kept perfectly clean. 



KEEPING. 25 

A horse should be given such practice as ho is well 
able to bear. As those animals frequently difler in 
every respect so widely from each other, it is impos- 
sible to lay down an}' rule that should govern, relative 
to the speed or quantity of practice necessary for horses 
in training. 1 will only remark, that a horse should 
be practised in a moderate gallop, the distance he is 
intended to be run, moving briskly every time he passes 
the stand, and for a short distance on the back of the 
ground: he then should be walked about a mile, and 
again ga Hopped in manner first directed. Some fleet 
and delicate horses require very little practice indeed; 
while other hardy and hard bottomed horses require 
and can bear verv hard practice. But the appetite of 
a horse is the best criterion, as relates to that subject. 

If a horse refuses to eat, it is an evidence that his 
practice is either too hard or too quick ; when he eats 
heartily, it is a proof that he is able to bear what is 
given him. When a horse is first taken into keeping, 
his allowance for the first two or three days, should 
be rather short; which should be offered four times a 
day. His exercise should be walking, for the first 
three or four days; two or three times the distance, or 
round the course of his contemplated race ; after whicn 
time, his food may be increased with his exercise, 
and he may be regularly fed with from two quarts at a 
feed to four quarts. His food should be often changed 
and prepared thus : his hommony (Indian corn ground 
coarse) should be first winded, then thrown into clean 
water, so as to separate the part that is nutritious from 
the husk and chaff; the oats should be lightly beaten 
in a common hommony mortar, to separate them from 
the hull or chaff, which may be blown off; his fodder 
should be stemmed whenever it is discovered he has 



'•ilj KEEPING. 

too much belly. A horse never should be drawn 
suddenly, as nothing is more weakening. 

The best medicine on earth, that can be employed 
In keeping of a horse, to give him wind and bottom, as 
the grooms term it, is good and sweet food. A greater 
proportion of old oats, hay, or hommony, opens the 
bowels ; and a large pro}X)rtion of fodder and oats, 
when prepared in the way directed, has the reverse 
effect; so that by using food that actually contains 
nourishment, and will certainly benefit your horse, you 
may place him in whatever kind of order you think 
proper, without using those medicines which have a 
certain tendency to weaken and relax him. About 
two mashes during the time of keeping, is very bene- 
ficial ; the first as soon as you commence ; the second, 
about eight days previous to his running; composed 
of one gallon of bran, one table spoonful of flour oj 
sulphur, and one tea spoonful of saltpetre. Most 
grooms are in the habit of giving one, two, or three 
sweats, during the time of keeping; which method of 
hardening the flesh I am much opposed to. If a horse 
is too gross, gradually increase his exercise, which will 
have the desired effect. Whenever a horse has to 
undergo one of those sweats, he is so much weakened 
and relaxed, as to require at least one week to recovei 
his strength. Should a horse, in keeping, lose his 
appetite, it can readily be restored, by a single inno- 
cent drench, composed of a quarter of an ounce of 
asafoetida, one table spoonful of salt, and one quart of 
sassafras tea. Good food, regular feeding, moderate 
exercise, and strict attention to rubbing, are of much 
more importance and benefit to a horse in keeping, 
than the administering of large doses of physic, which 
his nature does not require. 

When a horse is well kept, he will not appear very 



KUi:! INC. Iti 

fat, but his flesh will be very firm and hard ; his I('!j,-.s 
and ancles must be porfectly cool, and not pufli'd or 
swelled ; his eyes should be lively, and countenance 
cheerful : he should possess no bad habits, but be 
tractable, gentle, and manageable; his actions smooth 
and graceful ; he should be taught patience ; and often 
practised in starting around the race course, never 
permitting him to go off, until the word GO is given. 
Many advantages result in a race, to a horse, being 
Dropej'ly broke in starting. 

After a horse has gone through his practice, and has 
been well rubbed, &c. &c. his feet should be stuffed, 
(during the time of his standing in the stable) with 
fresh cow manure, or clay and salt, to prevent his 
ancles from swelling or being heated ; his legs should 
be bathed once a week, with equal parts of old peach 
brandy and fresh butter, or sweet oil and vinegar, 
stewed over the fire until well mixed, and applied 
warm as the hand can bear it. 

Whenever a horse commences his brisk exercise, 
the under part of his ancles should be occasionally 
greased, to prevent their cracking and the scratches 
being produced. The heels of most young horses 
crack, during their exercise, unless this precaution is 
used ; fresh butter, sweet oil, or hog's lard, answers 
well for that purpose. 

The subject of keeping horses is so extensive, that 
to treat fully on it, would require a book at least the 
size of this ; the reader, therefore, must be content 
with the few hints and few pages I have devotea to 
this subject. 



21 RACE RIOER. 



RACE RIDER. 




To become a valuable and a good race rider, requires 
more capacity, judgment, experience, and honour, than 
are often found in boys in the habit of riding. And 
no person can be successful on the turf, unless he can 
place the utmost confidence in his rider ; whose in- 
tegrity and honour it would be advisable frequently to 
put to the test. Boys are sometimes so young, foolish, 
and destitute of principle, as to receive bribes and 
promises : preventing the best horse from winning, to 
Ihe disgrace of all concerned, and the serious injury 
of his owner ; who, in such cases, never should fail to 
make an example of all persons engaged in the villany. 

A good race rider will have the pad of his saddle 
wet, before he mounts, to keep it firm in its place ; he 
will try his stirrups, and prove them long enough to 
raise himself about two or three inches clear of the 
saddle : he will then tie his bridle a length that will 
allow his horse, when he bears him gradually and 
steadily, to run at his ease, without being jerked 
or jostled ; he should never make a false start, but 
come up even and go off smoothly, without fretting or 
causing his hoise to rear; and above all other things 



BREEDING. 29 

strict and pointed attention should be paid to the orders 
given, and they rigidly adhered to. 

A rider should bear a little forward, steadily as 
possible, and without altering the attitude of his body, 
when whipping, pushing, or running at his ease, taking 
great care to remain steady in his stirrups, holding his 
elbows close, and his hands low. 

A rider, after running his heat, should never dis- 
mount, or give up his horse to any other person, until 
it is his turn to prove his weight, and is directed to 
come to the stand. 






THE 

Bl^EEDlNG AND RAISING OF HOUSES. 

The breeding and raising of horses, to most persons, 
is a very amusing and pleasing task; but it is attended 
with much trouble and expense, unless well managed, 
and then it becomes not only a subject of profit, but 
is well worth the attention of any person, whose situ- 
ation will admit of it, for the purpose of making a 
fortune. 

The raising of cold blooded or common horses, is 
generally a disadvantage to any person, being neither 
interesting or profitable. A colt three years old, of 
the above description, seldom costs the ovi^ner less than 
one hundred and twenty dollars; and when he makes 
d sale, twice out of three times that sum cannot be 
obtained; consequently there is a loss, independent 
of trouble. But colts, three or four yeais old, from 
the best stock in the United States, of large size and 
4 



BREEUINO. 

having distinguished themselves on the turf, have '.om- 
inanded from one hundred to one thousand pounds ! ! 

By raising and running such horses, large sums of 
money have been accumulated in the United States, 
and particularly in Virginia, where the blood, speed, 
and beauty of horses, are equal to any in the world. 

Much has been stated by English authors, on the 
subject of blood, form, and speed of the English horses; 
particularly Dorimant, Bay Malton, Eclipse, High- 
flyer, Matchem, Shark, Childers, &c. &c. &c. But 
could the blood, form, speed, and bottom, of our Ame- 
rican horses, Brimmer, Chanticleer, Leviathan, Virago, 
Surprise, Florizel, Potomac, American Eclipse, &c. 
&c. &c. have been contrasted with them, I am induced 
to believe they would have had the same claim to the 
page of record and superior performance. 

True it is, that of Flying Childers it is stated, that 
he run a mile in a few seconds over a minute. My 
regard for the life of every human being, particularly 
a valuable race rider, induces me to wish our horses 
may never perform the mile in that time, though we 
have several amongst us whose speed is unknown, 
although they were on the turf several years, contending 
with very fine race horses. 

I must confess, that for a horse to run a mile in a 
minute, or eighty-two and a half feet in a second, (as 
stated) surpasses any idea that I have entertained of 
the velocity that a horse was capable of. 

In order to raise a beautiful and good racer, a stud 
should be made choice of, that will be a good cross, and 
of the best blood ; not less than five feet two, though 
five feet four inches high, is a preferable size. He 
should be well proportioned, elegantly formed, of maho- 
gany bay colour, and clear of all defects, particu- 



BREEDING. 31 

larly spavin and blindness : and should not only have 
pioved himself in possession of speed on the turf, but 
bottom also ; and should be a sure foal getter. 

A mare should be made choice of, not less than five 
feet high, with a delicate head and neck, great length 
of body, large belly, and above all other things, one 
that has proved herself, by her colts, to be a good 
breeder. 

When you commence breeding with a mare of this 
kind, you are almost certain of raising a valuable colt. 
But when you commence with one untried, you run a 
great risk of losing time and raising a horse of the 
120 dollar price, unless the mare, or stock from which 
she originated, was first rate and remarkable for their 
fine colts. Indeed there appears to be the same simi- 
larity in the blood of horses that exist in men, as 
respects their good and bad qualities, shape, &c. &c. 
We find vice common throughout some families, while 
we see virtue reigning in others. One breed of horses, 
under every care and attention, will only raise you a 
coarse horse or pony ; whilst good blooded horses, 
even half starved and under every disadvantage, will 
show strong marks of beauty, activity, and size ; and 
after winning from his master kind treatment, often 
becomes the champion of the turf. I have known 
several first rate race horses that were once plough 
and draft horses. 

A brood mare, that has produced one or two good 
racers, from a good cross, in all probability will, at 
any time produce one, when under similar advantages. 
When a colt is foaled early in the spring, he will be 
under every benefit that can be derived from size, 
strength, and age ; consequently, it would be advisable 
to put a mare to horse at such time as would produce 
a colt about the fifteenth or twentieth of April. A 



32 BREEDING. 

mare generally goes with foal eleven months and as 
many days as she is years old. A colt foaled in April, 
when three years old would have to carry no more 
weight in a race field than one foaled in August ; which 
would give to the one first foaled a difference of three 
months of age, and of equal blood and under similar 
advantages. The one first foaled ought very certainly 
to prove best on the turf, from three to seven years old. 

After your mare has been put to the horse of youi 
choice, she should not be confined during her preg- 
nane}^, but a house or shed about twelve feet square, 
should be built for the purpose of sheltering her from 
the rain or bad weather ; the south side of this house 
should be left entirely open, so that the mare might 
come in or go out at pleasure : and a manger and rack 
should be confined in it for the purpose of feeding. A 
good bed of straw, and that frequently changed, will 
add much to her comfort, and she will be induced to 
sleep under the shelter if the litter is kept clean. — • 
Adjoining this house there should be a lot, enclosed 
with post and railing, containing from one to four 
acres of ground, clear of snags, grubs, and stumps ; in 
which the mare should be confined about two or three 
weeks previous to her foaling : she will then be con- 
ventent to assistance, should any be necessary. 

Mares frequently produce colts at fourteen or fifteen 
years of age, and sometimes twenty ; but from five to 
twelve years of age, from experiments made, appears 
to be the most valuable part of a mare's life for raising 
colts. Experience has also proved the great advan- 
tage resulting to the form and size of a colt, from 
letting him get thin upon grass alone, two or three 
times previous to his being three years old; after which 
time he may be constantly pushed as much as possible. 

When the dam and sire of a colt are small, it is to 



BREEDING. 33 

be presumed a colt produced by them will make a 
small horse, although there may be no objection to the 
blood ; and if he makes a race horse, it will be of the 
unprofitable kind. He may be a winner at three years 
old; at four years old, second best; and being too 
small to carry weight, he never can win again. Such 
a horse will not command a high price with a judge of 
horses, as it is evident that a large horse, with the same 
weight, will beat a small one, when they are equal in 
all respects except size. Indeed, for the purpose of 
draft or riding, a large horse will command double the 
sum of a small one, which plainly proves the importance 
of breeding from a large stock. 

When a colt arrives at the age of two and a half 
years, it is time he should be handled, and taught the 
use of the bit. It is of great consequence he should 
be first gentled by a person who well understands the 
management of horses, to prevent bad habits; as first 
impressions are never entirely removed from man or 
beast. 



4* 



84 BREEDING. 

I The following is the mode of raising Blooded Horses, as pursued by 
Wm. E. Broadnax, of Brunswick County, Virginia.^ 

[from the AMERICAN FARMER.] 

MODE OF RAISING BLOODED HORSES. 

" In the first place, be particular in selecting a good 
stock to breed from. When the mare is near foaling, 
let her be to herself, and if early in the season, let her 
have a good roomy stable to foal in; and in good 
weather, let her and her colt be turned into a lot, (of 
wheat I prefer.) Wean the colt the first of October 
in a stable, until it is done snickering after its dam; 
then turn it in a lot ; if you have more than one, they 
will do best together. 

" Stable them at night, and turn them out in the day, 
except in very bad weather : force them all you can the 
first winter. To do this, their principal food should be 
cut oats moistened with a due proportion of corn meal 
sprinkled over and mixed with them. Most foals are 
apt to be too delicate ; forcing them, and keeping them 
warm at night, will increase the size of their limbs 
in proportion to the weight of their bodies. After 
they are one year old, they should not be kept so fat, 
nor yet permitted to get poor. A stud colt, which is 
intended to be kept as such, should be separated from 
other horses at a year old, and stabled of nights ; his 
rack and manger should be so high as to strain him a 
little to get food ; the windows of the stable should 
also be high, as he will be looking out at them : by 
these means his shoulders will be thrown back, and his 
withers raised. If it be wished to increase his quar- 
teis, enlarge his muscles, and other material parts, 
keep him in the stable frequently, for several days 
together, which will animate him ; then turn him out in 



BREEDING. 35 

a lot, and encourage him to run and exert himself all 
you can, as his parts will acquire size and strength in 
proportion to the use made of them. 

" I would recommend a mare of good form and 
thorough blood, though she cost the most, because her 
colts would cost ^o more to raise them than those from 
an ordinary mare, and would probably sell for more 
than three or four times as much. The reason I would 
wean in a stable is, that in the usual way of weaning 
in cornfields, &c. the colts run themselves poor before 
they are weaned. I prefer wheat lots for mares and 
colts, because they like it better than any thing else, 
and I think it agrees better with them. I find oats 
made use of as above stated, not only the most healthy 
and best, but also the cheapest food for mares and 
colts. In pursuing the course which has been laid 
down, I obtained the following results : 

" I selected a mare which I knew to be of good 
stock, but from improper raising was only four feet 
six inches high, and very delicate : The first removal 
from her was four feet ten inches; the second remova 
five feet ; the third was five feet two inches ; the 
fourth was five feet six inches." 



^6 RAISING OF COLTS. 



RAISING OF COLTS. 

The following answers were returned by William R. Johnson, to 
questions propounded by J. Marshall, of Fauquier Co. Fa." 

" Senate Chamber, February 4, 1829. 

1. Keep the colts in pretty good order, not too fat, 
until they are too years old, then break them gently. 

2. Keep them in lots, it does not matter as to size, 
taking care not to allow them to see other horses more 
than possible. 

3 and 4. Grass lots are best, and short grass. 

5. Dry food mostly — when young, cut oats. 

6. Give corn in the winter; oats in the summer; 
not more at a time than they eat clean. When they 
are once fat very light feeding is best. 

7. It is not at all necessary to rub them rnitil they 
are two years cM. 

8. Wean the colts at about six months old. 
Should ihe above answers to your questions not be 

sufficiently explicit, they will be with great pleasure 
added to. 

Respectfully, 

William R. Johnson. 



RACE HORSE. 37 



[from the AiMEIlICAN FARMER.] 

THE BLOODED HORSE. 

How to choose a race horse by his external appearance, and to b; a 
judge of his symmetry by angular demonstration, 

RULES. 

1st. Draw a base line from the stifle joint along the 
bottom of the chest to the extreme point of the elbow, 
and to the shoulder-blade joint. 

2dly. Draw a line from the curb or hock by the hip 
joint above the back, to an imaginary point. 

3dly. Draw another line from the point of the shoul- 
der, ranging with the shoulder, and passing above the 
back, until it intersects the line at the imaginary point. 

4thly. Draw a line from the intersecting point of the 
shoulders, giving the same declension until it intersects 
the base hne. 

5thly. From the stifle to the point of the buttock 
ihence to the hip joint, thence declining to the stifle. 

6thly. Draw a line from the hip to the base line 
right angular declension, then to the shoulder up to the 
chest. 

7thly. Then draw a straight line, regardless of the 
curve of the back, to a straight line intersecting at the 
shoulder at the beginning of the crest. 

8thly. Then take a line from the point of the shoul- 
der, and angular degree, ranging with the shoulder- 
blade to the top of the crest. 

Olhly. Then, regardless of the rising of the crest. 



3^ RACE HOUSE. 

draw a straight line from the top of the shoulder-blade 
to intersect with the point of the former line. 

Thus the real symmetry of a grand and beautiful 
horse, possessed with muscular powers and strength, 
is formed by a right-angled triangle ; and the farther 
from it a race horse's form is, the less pretensions that 
horse has to beauty, speed, bottom, or lastingness, ability 
to carry weight, or activity. 

A thick, upright shoulder, is a very certain mark of 
a "stum bier," and is fit for no use whatever b\it the 
slow draft. 

A low coupling in the back, is a true mark of weak- 
ness ; it denotes want of strength, lastingness, ability 
to carry weight, or speed. 

A low loin, is a certain mark of weakness, and a 
weakly and washy constitution. 

But a rising loin, of ability to carry weight, speed, 
activity, and lastingness, and a good constitution, sym- 
metry, beauty, and muscular strength. 

A race horse's legs cannot be too short. 

A great declivity, and thin shoulders, denotes 
speed. 

A narrow breast, weakness. 

A horse's breast bone, formed like that of the rabbit, 
denotes also speed, and it is the best form for a race 
horse. 

A short, broad hock, denotes strength ; a broad stifle, 
well let down to the curb or hock, denotes bottom or 
lastingness, strength, and activity. 

There are not two race horses in five hundred, pro- 
perly formed in the knees ; which should be small, 
divested of superfluous appendages, and strong; they 
denote activity and strength. 



RACE HORSE. 39 

A lax, bending pastern, denotes also speed ; a long 
horse is preferable to a short one, because he can 
cover a great deal of ground, and can bear pressing 
better and longer. 

The race horse, upon the whole, whose form in 
general, is composed of the essential properties of the 
following animals, viz. the rabbit, grey hound, and 
ostrich — is the best. 

GORWOOD. 

December 6, 1827. 



»@e« 



The following is the English mode of management and working c/ 
Race Horses. 



In the managing and working of race horses, 
three things are to be considered : the preparation of 
the horse, the conduct of the rider, and the after 
treatment of the horse. The preparation of a race 
horse for running a race is not the work of a few days, 
if there be any great dependence on the success. A 
month at least, is required to harden his muscles in 
training, by proper food and exercise, and to refine his 
wind, by clearing his body to that degree of perfec- 
tion that is attainable by art. It is first necessary 1o 
ascertain correctly the present state of the horse, as 
whether he be low or high in flesh ; and in either 
case, a proper estimate should be formed of the time 
and means required to bring him into true running 
condition. 



40 RACE HORSE. 

If a race horse he low in jiesh, il is necessary to 
|udge of the cause of such state, and to act accordingly. 
It is to be remarked, that spices are less to be depended 
on for this purpose than generous food, as malt mashes; 
and if any thing of the kind be used, let it be the simple 
cordial ball. Feed frequently, and by little at a time : 
while he is thus low, let his exercise be walking only, 
and by no means spare his water, or he will become 
hide-bound: carefully watch him, that full feeding 
may not disagree by making his heels swell, or his 
coat unthrifty ; and if such appearances occur, mash 
him and begin his scourings, otherwise abstain from 
physic until he is in better health. As he improves in 
condition, increase his exercise, but not to such a 
degree as to make him sweat : his food must now be 
the bc-st oats and beans, with wheaten or barley bread ; 
the beans and oats are to be put into a bag and beaten 
until the hulls are a^' off, and then winnowed clean ; 
the bread instead of being chipped in the common 
way, is to have the crust clean off. 

If the horse be in goodjlesh and spirits when taken 
up for his month's preparation, cordials are altogether 
unnecessary ; and the chief business will be to give 
him good food, and so much exercise as will keep him 
xu wind, without over-sweating or tiring his spirits. — 
When he takes larger exercise afterwards, towards 
the end of the month, it will be proper to have some 
horses in the place to run against him. This will put 
him upon his mettle, and the beating them will give him 
spirits. This, howe-ver, is to be cautiously observed, 
that he has not a bloody heat given him for ten days or 
a fortnight before the plate is to be run for ; and that the 
last heat that is given him the day before the race, must 
be in his clothes : this will make him run with greatly 
more vigour when stripped for the race, and feeling the 



RACE HORSE. 41 

cold wind on every part. In the second week, the horse 
should have the same food and more exercise ; and in 
the last fortnight he must have dried oats, that have 
been hulled by beating ; after this jockeys wet them 
with the whites of eggs beaten up, and then laid out in 
the sun to dry ; and when dry as before, the horse 
is to have them : this sort of food being considered by 
them as very light of digestion, and very good for the 
creature's wind. The beans in this time should be 
given more sparingly, and the bread should be made 
of three parts wheat and one part beans, or of wheat 
and barley in equal parts. If he should become costive 
under this course, he must then have bran-water to 
drink, or some ale and whites of eggs beaten together ; 
and keep his body moist. In the last week all mashing 
is to be omiiiod.and barley-water given him in its place; 
and every day, till the day before the race, he should 
have his fill of hay ; then he must have it given him 
more sparingly, that he may have time to digest it ; 
and in the morning of the race day, he must have a 
toast or two of white bread soaked in ale, and the same 
'ust before he is led out of the field. This is an excel- 
lent method, because the two extremes of fulness and 
fasting are at this time to be equally avoided ; the one 
heating his wind, and the other occasioning a faintnoss 
that may make him loose. After he has had his food, 
the litter is to be shook up, and the stable kept quiet, 
that he may be disturbed by nothing till he is taken 
out to run. 

In the choice of a rider for wmning a race, it is 
necessary, as far as possible, to select one that is noi 
only expert and able, but honest, lie must have a v^ery 
close seat, his knees being turned close to the saddle 
skirts, and held firmly lliere ; and the toes turned 
inwards, so that the spurs may be turned outwards lo 
5 



42 RACE HORSE. 

the horse's belly ; his left hand governing the horse's 
mouth, and his right the whip. During the whole time 
of the race, he must take care to sit firm in the saddle, 
without waving or standing up in the stirrups. Some 
jockeys fancy the last a becoming seat ; but it is certain 
that all motions of this kind do really incommode the 
horse. In spurring the horse, it is not to be done by 
sticking the calves of the legs close to the horse's side, 
as if it were intended to press the wind out of his body ; 
but on the contrary, the toes are to be turned a little 
outwards, and the heels being brought in, the spurs 
may just be brought to touch the side. A sharp touch of 
this kind will be of more service toward the quicken- 
ing of a horse's pace, and will sooner draw blood than 
one of the common coarse kicks. The expert jockey 
will never spur his horse until there is great occasion, 
and then he will avoid striking him under the fore 
bowels, between the shoulders and the girt ; this is the 
tenderest part of a horse, and a touch there is to be 
reserved for the greatest extremity. 

As to whipping the horse, it ought always to be 
done over the shoulder, on the near side, except in 
very hard running, and on the point of victory ; then 
the horse is to be struck on the flank with a strong 
jerk; for the skin is the most tender of all there, and 
most sensible of the lash. When a horse is whipped 
and spurred, and is at the top of his speed, if he clap his 
ears in his pole or whisk his tail, it is a proof that the 
jockey treats him hard, and then he ought to give him 
as much comfort as he can, by sawing the snaffle back- 
wards and forwards in his mouth, and by that means 
forcing him to open his mouth, which will give him 
wind, and be of great service. If there be any high 
wmd stirring in the time of riding, the artful jockey 
will let his adversary lead, holding hard behind him, 



RACE HOUSE, 43 

till he sees an opportunity of giving a loose ; yet in 
this case he must keep so close behind, that the other 
horse may keep the wind from him ; and that he, sit- 
ting low, may at once shelter himself under him, and 
assist the strength of the horse. If the wind happen 
to be in their back, the expert jockey is to keep 
directly behind the adversary, that he may have al'. 
the advantage of the wind to blow his horse along, as 
it were, and at the same time intercept it in regard to 
his adversary. 

JVhen running on level sinooth ground, the jockey 
is to beat his horse as much as the adversary will give 
him leave, because the horse is naturally more in- 
clined to spend himself on this ground ; on the con 
trary, on deep earths, he may have more liberty, as 
he will there spare himself. 

In riding up hill the horse is always to be favoured, 
by bearing him hard, for fear of running him out of 
wind ; but in running down hill, if the horse's feet 
and shoulders will bear it, and the rider dares venture 
his neck, he may have a full loose. If the horse have 
the heels of the rest, the jockey must always spare 
him a little, that he may have a reserve of strength to 
make a push at the last post. 

On the jochei/s knowing the nature of the horse 
that is to run against him, a great deal depends ; for 
by managing accordingly, great advantages are to be 
obtained : thus, if the opposite horse is of a hot and fiery 
disposition, the jockey is either to run just behind him or 
cheek-by-jole with him, making a noise with the whip, 
and by that means forcing him on faster than his rider 
would have him, and consequently, spending him so 
much the sooner : or else keep him just before him in 
such a slow gallop that he may either overreach, or by 



4 J KACE IIOKSE. 

treading on the heels of the fore horse, endanger 
tumbling over. Whatever be the ground that the 
adversary's horse runs worst on, the cunning jockey 
is to ride the most violently over ; and by this means 
it will often happen, that in following he either stum- 
bles or claps on the back siflews. The several cor- 
rections of the hand, the whip and the spur, are also 
to be observed in the adversary, and in what manner 
he makes use oi them : and when it is perceived by 
any of the symptoms of holding down the ears, or 
whisking the tail, or stretching out the nose like a pig, 
that the horse is almost blown, the business is to keep 
nim on to his speed, and he will be soon thrown out 
or distanced. If the horse of the opponent looks dull. 
It is a sign his strength fails him ; and if his flanks 
beat much, it is a sign that his wind begins to fail him, 
and his strength will soon do so too. 

Tile after management of a hoj-se that has run, in 
dudes the treatment between the heats, and tlie treat 
ment after the race is over. After every heat, there 
must be dry straw and dry cloths, both linen and 
woollen, ready to rub him down all over, after taking 
off the sweat with what is called a sweat-knife ; that 
is, a piece of an old sword blade or some such thing. 
After the horse has been well rubbed, he should be 
chafed all over with cloths wet in common water, 
till the time of starting again. When it is certainly 
known that the horse is good at the bottom, and will 
stick at the mark, he should be rode every heal to the 
best of his performance ; and the jockey is, as much 
as possible, to avoid riding at any particular horse, or 
slaying for any, but to ride out the whole heat with 
the best speed he can. If, on the contrary, he has a 
fiery horse to ride, and one that is hard to manage, 
hard mouthed, and difficult to be held, he is to be started 



HOSTLFK. 45 

bcliind the rest of the horses with all imaginable cool- 
ness and gentleness ; and when he begins to ride at 
some command, then the jockey is to put up to the 
other horses ; and if they ride at their ease, and are 
hard held, they are to be drawn on faster ; and if it be 
perceived that their wind begins to rake hot, and they 
want a sob, the business is to keep them up to that 
speed ; and when they are all come within three quar- 
ters of a mile of the post, then is the time to push for it, 
and use the utmost speed in the creature's power. 

JVheii the race is over, the horse is immediately to 
be clothed up and rode home ; and immediately on his 
coming into the stable, the following drink is to be 
given him : Beat up the yelks of three eggs, and put 
them into a pint and a half of sound ale, made warm ; 
and let it be given with a horn. 'After this, he is to 
be rubbed well down, and the saddle-place rubbed over 
with warm water and vinegar, and places where the 
spurs have touched, with the same ; after this he should 
have a feed of rye bread, then a good mash, and at 
some time after these as much hay and oats as he will 
eat. His legs, after this, should be bathed some time 
with a mixture of vmegar and water, ' 



xe@e« 



HOSTLER. 

No situation that a ser\ ant can be placed in, requires 
moi-e activity, sobriety, strength, attention, and indus- 
try, than that of an hostler. And how often do we 
see weak, lazy, careless, crippled, and even extreme 
old men, worn out with age and infirmity, placed in 
tnat employment? Indeed, those are often made 
6* 



46 STARLES. 

choice of that are unable to perform labour of any 
description. Nothing can be more agreeable to a 
fatigued traveller, than to place his horse in possession 
of every pleasure, every comfort possible, after his 
having faithfully performed a hard ride, or on a journey *, 
which he cannot have the opportunity of doing, unless 
a fit person is selected for an hostler. 

Many fine horses and stables have been destroyed 
by carelessness. Hostlers that smoke pipes or segars, 
are unfit for that employment. 



»e@« 



STABLES. 

Nothing conduces more to the health of a horse, 
than a good and wholesome stable. It should be built 
upon a high, airy, and firm situation, that the horse, in 
Dad weather, may come in and go out clean. No 
animal delights more in cleanliness than the horse, or 
to whom bad smells are more disagreeable and perni- 
cious. Great attention should be paid to the removal 
of all offensive and putrid matter, to prevent the farcy 
and other troublesome and distressing diseases, which 
frequently proceed from such neglect. A log stable is 
preferable to any other, on account of its admitting a 
free circulation of air in summer ; and by the use of 
slabs or straw in winter, can be made warm and com- 
fortable. Opposite to each stall there should be a 
lattice or window, with a shutter: by which means you 
can, at pleasure, either welcome the cheering breeze, 
or bar out the threatening storm. The rack should be 
smooth, high, and firmly fastened to the wall ; which 
will prevent a horse injuring h's eyes, skinning his 



STABLES. 47 

face, and doing himself other injury when feeding. 
The upright pieces in a rack should be four, or foui 
and a half inches apart, to prevent long food from 
being unnecessarily wasted. The halter should never 
be tied to the rack, (several fine horses having been 
ruined by such carelesness,) but should be pnssed 
through a ring in the manger, and confined to a longer 
or smooth piece of wood, weighing about a pound 
With a halter of this description, there is no danger 
of a horse's hanging, alarming, or injuring himself. A 
stall should be four and a half or five feet wide, which 
will allow him to lie down with comfort. The stable 
floor should be planked, to m?ke the coat of hair show 
to advantage ; but a dirt floor is far preferable, when 
a horse is wanted for actual service : there is a mois- 
ture received by the hoof from the earth, which is 
absolutely necessary to make it tough and service- 
able. Either kind of stable floors should be a little 
raised towards the manger, to turn the urine from' the 
stall, which produces an unpleasant smell, and (when 
permitted to stand a length of time) very unwhole- 
some vapours. When the size of a stable is calculated 
for several horses, the partitions between the stalls 
should be neatly and smoothly planked low enough to 
the floor, to prevent the horse when lying down, 
getting his legs through, and high enough at top to 
prevent them from smelling, biting, and molesting 
each other. A plentiful bed of clean, dry straw affords, 
to a fatigued or travelling horse, as great a welcome 
as his food, and is as necessary in a stable as the 
uitchfork, curry-comb, and brush. 



4S NICKING. 



NICKING. 

Nicking a Piorsc has been generally believed to be 
attended with much difficulty, and to require great in- 
genuity and art to perform the operation. The nicking 
alone, is by far I'he easiest part, as the curing and 
ptillying requires considerable attention and trouble. 
Nicking is an operation jierformed for the purpose of 
making a horse carry an elegant artificial tail, which 
adds much to his beauty and value. A horse may be 
finely shaped, even without fault, except carrying a 
bad tail, and he will not command a larger sum than 
one of very loose and ordinary shape elegantly nicked. 
One thus operated on, will have an appearance of 
gaiety, sprightliness, and life, which cannoi be given 
by art in any other way ; indeed, it very Irequently 
happens the tail sells for one fourth the value of the 
horse, which argues strongly in favour of the opera- 
tion being performed on every tolerable likely horse, 
that is naturally deficient in that respect. 

Some are of opinion, and particularly our plain, 
good old farmers, who are in the habit of raising fine 
horses, that nicking is injurious, weakening the back, 
unstringing the tendons, relaxing the muscles about the 
hind parts, causing a horse frequently to fall and some- 
limes to catch upoji their ancles behind, almost 
breaking the ridex-'s back ; in all of which they are 
entirely mistaken, and would readily be convinced of 
the fact, if they wei-e to study the anatomy of the 
horse. Every tendon, muscle, nerve, artery, &c. that 
is separated in nicking, is always cut in docking ; 
and we do not find it the result of experiment, that a 
horse with a long tail is more durable, stronger, ree 



MCKINO. 49 

from catching or sinking behind, than a horse that has 
been docited. Niciiing will never make a bad horse a 
good one, or a good horse a bad one. 

The opinion unfavourable to nicking, no doubt, has 
taken its rise from many delicate, weak, long-legged 
horses being nicked for the purpose of selling them. 
When the operation succeeds well, the horse assumes 
a new appearance, being more like a dancing master 
than a grave digger, after which he will continue to 
practise his old habits of catching behind, or making a 
bow, although he appears as if he could glide upon the 
wind. This elegant tail causes them to forget this is the 
same tender and weak horse that was in bad habits 
before he was nicked ; and almost proves, without 
reflection, that nicking is the cause of his apparent weak- 
ness. Indeed if such opinions were founded on fact, 
all horses that had been nicked, would fall and catch 
behind, whenever they had to descend a small hill. 1 
have never known an instance of a horse catching 
behind after being nicked, that was not in the habit 
previous to the operation being performed. 

Before I describe the operation of nicking, it may 
be necessary to inquire into the eflfect, or how the 
elevation of the tail is brought about. In order to do 
this, and judge of the operation with propriety, we 
must consider the tail elevated or raised by one set of 
muscles, ending in large tendons, and depressed or 
drawn down by another ; the muscles and tendons that 
elevate the tail, are stronger and more numerous, and 
nearer to the bone than those that depress it ; they are 
closely connected to the bones of the tail by fleshy 
fibres, and terminate in strong tendons at the extre 
m'lty. The tendons that throw down or depress the 
tail, are two in number, and may be found within a 



50 NICKING. 

quarter of an inch of the outer sides of the tail, next lo 
the hair. There are three arteries ; two large, on the 
outer side and immediately under the tendons, and one 
in the centre between the two nearer the bone, all 
runnnig into a longitudinal direction, and decreasing 
in size to the extreme end. 

To perform the operation of nicking, it is first neces- 
sary the horse should be well secured, to prevent his 
kicking or doing other injury ; a twitch is to be put on 
his upper lip, but not so high as to prevent his breath- 
ing; a cord is to be made fast to the fetlock of one of 
his hind legs, thence carried forward and made fast to 
his fore leg above the knee, which will effectually 
prevent his doing injury during the operation. — \_See 
Plate.] 

Being now confined, you are ready to commence 
the operation, which chiefly consists in a transverse 
division of those depressing tendons of the tail, and 
such a position afterwards as will keep their extremi- 
ties again from coming into contact ; so that an inter- 
vening callous fills up the vacuity, and elevates, erects, 
and props the tail. There are three different modes 
of nicking, all of which I will proceed to explain, 
giving an opportunity to any person, about to perform 
the operation, to make their selection. 

To make a horse carry an elegant tail, is attended 
with some uncertainty, as much depends upon the 
spirit, disposition, form, size of the bone of the tail. 
&c. &c. &c. A horse of good spirit, tolerable shape, 
and a small bone in the tail, can be made to carry an 
elegant tail with the greatest ease ; particularly if he 
carried a tolerably natural tail. But a dull, leather- 
neaded, flop-eared horse, with a remarkable large bone 
;i his tail, \yill set you a task, although you may break 



NICKING. 51 

the bone in two or three places — indeed there is so 
much difference in horses, tliat some judgment miist 
be exercised about the mode best to be adopted to the 
accomphshment of the object in view. 

Nothing can more disfigure the appearance of a 
horse, than to be half nicked. The form of the tail, 
when this unfortunately happens, departs from the 
simplicity of nature, and never attains the elegance 
of art. 

The first mode of nicking I shall describe, is the 
simplest, and attended with the least trouble ; and 
althouirh it succeeds well, twice out of three times, vet 
I think inferior to the other two I shall presently de- 
scribe. Being prepared with a sharp knife and a 
crooked piece of iron or buck's horn, for the purpose 
of performing the operation. 

1st. Have a twitch placed upon his nose as directed 
in the engraving annexed. — Figure 3. 

2d. With a strong rope, confine his left hind leg to 
his left fore leg, above the knee. — Figures 5^6. 

3d. Plat the tail close and neatl}^ from the root to 
the end, clubbing or turning it over a small stick. — 
Figure 7. 

4th. Turn the tail up, with a strong arm that can 
keep it firm and steady, in a direct line with his rump 
and back-bone. — Figure 7. 

5th. With a sharp knife make an incision on each 
side of the tail about three inches long, in a longitu- 
dinal direction, about two inches from the root, and 
about a quarter of an inch from the outer edge of the 
tail, next to the hair ; so soon as you get through the 
skin, you will find exposed the two large tendons. 
6 



52 mcKiNG 

6th. Make a second pair of incisions, similar to 
the first, commencing within about two inches of the 
termination of the first. 

7th. Make one other pair of incisions, in length pro- 
portioned to the length of the tail, taking care to leave 
about two inches at the end. 

8th. With a crooked iron or horn, take up the ten- 
dons at the first incision, as near the root of the tail as 
possible, and cut them smoothly in two. 

9th. Take up the tendons at the second incision, 
and by using strength, draw those in the first incision 
out at the second. 

10th. Draw those of the second out at the third 
incision, and cut them off smoothly. 

11th. Wash the tail in strong salt and water, and 
take from the neck vein half a gallon of blood, three 
times within a week. 

12th. The horse may be turned out or used mode- 
rately, and should be fed on green or light food ; his 
tail should be washed clean, with soap and water, three 
or four times within a fortnight ; by which time, in all 
probability, he will be entirely well. A horse nicked 
in this way will require no pulleying, provided the tail 
is well strained up, with a strong arm, twice a flay. 

The second mode of nicking is attended with more 
trouble than the first : but with the greatest certainty 
of a horse carrying an elegant tail. Having confined 
the horse as first directed, and prepared yourself with 
a sharp knife — 

1st. Make an incision entirely across the under 
part of the horse's tail, deep enough on each side to 
cut in two the depressors or tendons, but shallow 
in the middle, and about two inches from the root ol 



NICKINC. 58 

the tail. When the depressors are entirely cut in 
two, one end of them will suddenly draw towards the 
rump, and the other will slip or shoot out of the 
wound about half an inch, which must be cut off 
smoothly and even with the wound, 

2d. The second incisions must be made like the 
first, from which they must be distant about three 
inches. 

3d. The third incisions should be made like the 
second, except deeper. If any artery should be cut, 
it is no cause of alarm ; as a plentiful bleeding is ot 
infinite service in speedily curing the tail thus operated 
on, and the blood is easily stopped by wrapping the 
tail up with a small quantity of salt, added to a handful 
of flour, or by placing him in the pulleys ; though from 
a gallon to a gallon and a half of blood would not be 
too much to lose. 

4th. After nicking, the tail should be washed in 
strong salt and water, and the horse may not be pul- 
leyed for three or four days, at which time all blood, _ 
dirt, &c. should be carefully removed, not only from 
the under part of the tail, but from amongst the hair 
also, and should be kept clean until he is cured, which 
will be about three weeks ; by which time should he 
not be fat, his condition will be much improved. 

5th. The tail should be taken out of the pulleys 
every three or four days, unplatted, and washed clean 
with strong soap-suds. 

6th. Bleed every five or six days, taking from a 
half to a gallon of blood at each bleeding, and if the 
tail appears much inflamed, bleed oftener; it will 
remove fever and inflammation, and cause the wounds 
to heal very quick. 



54 NICKING. 

7th. His food should be easy of digestion, light 
and cool, such as bran, oats, or green food of any kind. 
If the root of the tail should be inflamed, (which is veiy 
often the case after pulleying,) or should small biles 
appear, apply a little tincture of myrrh, copperas, or 
blue-stone water. It very often happens, that the 
hair in the tail of a nicked horse shows a disposition 
to drop, which should be prevented, by washing the 
tail in sharp vinegar, and keeping it nice and clean 
with soap-suds. The matter discharged from the 
wounds, if permitted to remain amongst the hair for 
twenty-four hours, will take it off as readily as a 
knife. It is of very great importance to prevent this, 
as the best nicked horse in the world will look ugly, if 
he has little or no hair in his tail ; besides, it generally 
takes twelve months to replace it. 

Horses are sometimes nicked, when their blood is 
in a bad state, which is the cause of their tails swelling 
and showing marks of violent inflammation ; to remove 
which, it will be only necessary to bleed plentifully 
and apply a poultice made of a strong decoction of red 
oak bark and corn meal 

If this operation should be performed in a season 
of the year when flies are troublesome, the tail and 
buttocks of the horse should be anointed with stur- 
geon's oil, which will effectually remove them. 

I shall now proceed to desci'ibe the third and best 
mode of nicking every description of horses; and 
which, if well attended to, will seldom or never fail to 
succeed. 

1st. The stall, pulleys, haltei', and manger, should 
all be prepared for the reception of a horse, previous 
to bemg nicked, as directed in the engraving pre- 
fixed. The pulleys {figure 2) about six or eight feet 



NICKING 5S 

apart, and about the same distance from the stable 
floor, over each side of the stall, and firmly fastened 
to the wall ; a smooth and small cord is then to be 
passed through each of the pulleys, and to each end 
must be confined two equal weights, as figure 10 ; the 
halter should be constructed and fastened as figure 11 ; 
the trough should be securely fastened to the stall or 
wall, to prevent its being pulled down, {figure 8,) 
the stall should be three or three and an half feet 
wide, and not deep enough to allow a horse to rub and 
disfigure his tail, as figure 9. 

2d. The horse should be confined, as figures 5, 6, 
and 3, and the tail closely and neatly platted up and 
clubbed at the end, or turned over a small stick, and 
securely tied with a waxed string, as figuj^es 7 and 4. 

3d. Being provided with a sharp knife and a crook- 
ed piece of buck's horn, and the tail being turned up 
by a strong arm, in a direct line with the back bone, 
us before mentioned, commence the operation by mak- 
ing a transverse incision, immediately across the tail, 
one and a half inches from the root, and deep enough 
?o separate entirely the tendons on each side of the 
under part of the tail, which will be found about a 
quarter of an inch from the hair on the outer edge ; 
this incision in the middle may be shallow. The large 
arteries lie so immediately under the tendons, that they 
are often wounded or separated in performing this 
operation, which will be a great advantage in the 
healing of the wounds, instead of doing injury by the 
loss of blood. But whenever a horse may have bled 
from one to two gallons, the bleeding will readily stop 
by placing the tail in pulleys, or by applymg a small 
quantity of flour and salt to the wound, and wrap the 
tail up moderately tight with a linen rag, from the 
root to the end. 
6* 



56 NICKING. 

4th. Make two incisions lengthwise or longitudi- 
nally, (commencing about two or two and a half inches 
from the cross or transverse incision,) and about three 
inches in length, which will expose the large tendons 
on each side. 

5th. Make two other incisions of the same kind, 
commencing about one inch from the second, and in 
leno^th runnincT within about two inches of the end of 
the tail. 

6th. Make a transverse incision within half an inch 
of the termination of the longitudinal incisions, (or 
those made lengthwise,) pretty deep. 

7th. With a buck's horn take up the large tendons 
in the second incisions, and draw the ends out of the 
first ; take up those in the third and draw the ends out 
of the second, and at the upper part of the wound cut 
off the tendons even and smooth. 

8th. With a strong arm strain up the tail opposite 
the second incisions, until the bone slips or breaks ; 
treat the tail opposite the third incisions in the same 
manner — also the fourth and last, which should be 
made across. 

9th. Wash the tail in strong salt water, and the 
horse may be placed in a stall, turned in a pasture, or 
elsewhere, for two or three days. 

10th. Wash the wound and tail clean with strong 
soap suds, and place the horse in the pulleys, by pas- 
sing a small noose (Figure 1) over the stick confined 
in the hair, at the end of the tail — {Figure 4.) 

1 1th. Take from the neck vein half a gallon of blood, 
each week, until he gets well ; or double the quantity 
should the tail be much inflamed. He should remain 
in the pulleys about three weeks, in order to give the 
new flesh time to get firm, and should be washed once 



NICKING. 57 

a day wiii castile soap, so that it may be kept entirely 
clean. The tail should be taken out of the pulle}s 
twice a week, the hair unplatted, and permitted to 
remain down all night, and the horse changed to a 
clean and large stall, with a good bed of straw, for the 
purpose of sleeping and refreshing himself. Before he 
is again confined, he may be rode two or three hundred 
yards, slow, and without being fretted. Whilst stand- 
ing in the pulleys, his legs should be frequently bathed 
with pot-liquor, in whiiih bacon was boiled ; vinegai 
and sweet oil, or lard and spirits of any kind ; and 
a mash should be given him at least once a week, of 
one gallon of bran or oats, with a table spoonful of 
powdered brimstone, and one tea spoonful of salt- 
petre; not permitting him to drink for six hours after- 
wards. His halter should be made of substantia] 
materials, to prevent his breaking loose whilst confined 
in the pulleys, pulling the hair out of the end of the 
tail, and doing himself other injury. A bucket of salt 
and water may be given twice a week during his con- 
finement, which will be very grateful to the taste and 
cooling to the system. 

12th. Great pains should be taken to have the weights 
to the pulleys equal, in order to keep the tail in a per- 
pendicular direction, and prevent it from turning to 
either side during the time of healing; as a horse that 
carries his tail round to one side, instead of being 
elegantly nicked, is ruined. The wounds, occasionally, 
should be washed in blue-stone or copperas water, 
which will cause them to heal rapidly; the horse 
should have as much green and light food as he can 
eat, such as bran, oats, &c. Some horses that are 
nicked in this way, and are pulleyed only four or five 
days, carry very handsome tails; but I am of opinion. 



58 PRICKING. FOXING. 

10 ensure success, it is necessary triey should be kept 
in the pulleys until the wounds are perfectly well. 



— ~ie@e<~- 



PRICKING. 

The pricking a horse has proved to be as useless an 
operation as it is simple, seldom or never having the 
desired effect; consequently the practice should be 
abolished. Many nicked horses fail t-o carry good 
tails; and much less is it to be expected from a horse 
that is pricked. I would recommend that the operation 
should never be performed. 



-»<eeao<«- 



FOXING. 

To fox a horse is an operation so simple, that it can 
be performed by almost any person. The only skill is, 
to select such horses as will be improved by being 
foxed. There is an instrument generally used for this 
purpose ; but the operation can be performed very 
correctly without it. The simplest and easiest mode 
IS, to lake a very small paint-brush, and with paint 
*hat will form a contrast to the colour of the horse, 
mark the ears of the shape and length you prefer ; 
Ihen place on his nose a twitch ; have one of his fore 



DOCKING. 59 

legs held up ; and with a sharp knife cut off the erirs, 
carefully following the line which was previously made 
with the brush ; the skin will immediately slip down 
and leave the gristly part a little naked, which must 
be washed in salt and water once a day for about a 
week, after which they should be greased with a little 
sweet. oil, fresh butter, or hog's lard, and they will get 
entirely well in two or three weeks, A horse with a 
small, thin, delicate head, will always be much im- 
proved by being foxed. But a horse with a fleshy, 
heavy, thick, or long head, will show with less advan- 
tage after his ears are cut off, even if he carried them 
extremely bad previous to the operation. 



DOCKING. 

Docking a horse is an operation so simple, as to re 
quire but little skill or judgment in its performance. 
A twitch is to be placed upon the upper lip of the 
horse, but not so high as to prevent his breathing, (as 
in the engraving for nicking, figure 3,) — one of his 
fore legs must be held up to prevent his kicking or 
doing other injury, and a waxed string must be tied 
very tight twice round the tail, just above the place 
where it is to be cut off; a large block of wood is to 
be placed upon his rump, and the tail turned up and 
jaid smoothly on the block : then, with a sharp instru • 
ment, you may cut the tail the length you prefer, 
(though horses docked short generally carry the best 
tails.) or after the waxed string is securely tied, take 



CO CASTRATING. 

• he tail in one hand, and a large knife (sharpened on a 
brick to give it a rough edge) in the other, 'and with 
case, at one stroke, you may cut the tail in two : then 
take a piece of iron, moderately hot, place a little rosin 
in the wound, and sear it, recollecting to cut off the 
waxed string two or three days afterwards, and grease 
the tail with a little fresh butter or sweet oil, which 
will cause it to heal very quickly afterwards. When 
a horse is docked, the same tendons, arteries, and 
nerves are separated, that are divided in nicking ; and 
it is very rare that a horse's life is endangered or lost 
in consequence of performing either operation. 



[from Loudon's encyclopaedia of agriculture.] 

CASTRATING COLTS. 

The time for castrating or gelding of colts is 
usually when they are about a year old ; although 
this operation is frequently suspended till the second 
year, especially when it is intended to keep them on 
hand, and without employing them in labour till the 
following season. Parkinson disapproves of delaying 
this operation so long, and recommends twitching 
the colts, a practice well known to the ram breeders, 
any time after a week old, or as soon after as the 
testicles are come down ; and this method, he says, 
he has followed himself, with great success. Blaine's 
remarks on the subject of castration appear wor- 
thy of notice : he says, when the breed is particu- 



CASTRATING. 61 

farly good, and many considerable expectations are 
formed on the colt, it is always prudent to wait till 
twelve months: at this period, if his fore parts are 
correspondent with his hinder, proceed to castrate; 
but if he be not sufficiently well up before, or his neck 
be too long and thin, and his shoulders spare, he will 
assuredly improve by being allowed to remain whole 
six or eight months longer. Another writer suggests 
for experiment, the spaying of mares, thinking they 
would work better, and have more wind than geldings. 
But he does not appear to have been aware that this is 
by no means a new experiment ; for Tusser, who wrote 
in 1562, speaks oi gelding fillies as a common practice 
at that period. The main objection to this operation 
is not thai brood mares would become scarce, as he 
supposes ; but that, by incapacitating them from breed 
ing, in case of accident, and in old age, the loss in this 
expensive species of live stock would be greatly 
enhanced. An old or lame mare would then be as 
worthless as an old or lame gelding is at present. 



[The following mode of castrating colts is taken from Mr. Skinner^s 
American Turf Register and Sporting Magazine.] 

The operator must in the first place provide himself 
with a strong rope, a couple of clamps for each colt, 
(if he intends altering more than one,) a little paste, a 
ball of twine or good thread, and a phial of the following 
mixture : 

R. Two tea-spoonfuls of red precipitate, 

One do. of corrosive sublimate, 

to be well ground separately, and then intimately 
mixed. The clamp is made thus: Take a piece o; 



C2 CASTRATING. 

elder six inches long and from three quarters to one 
inch in diameter; bark it, and split it through the middle, 
and having taken out the pith, cut one adjoining end 
of each piece with a slope, from the inside out- 
wards, about an inch, and notch it on the outside, as 
also the other end that is not sloped, that they may be 
securely tied together. Fill the hollows nicely with 
the paste, and sprinkle over it some of the mixture in 
phial. Then place the sloped ends together in such a 
manner that the other ends will be separated about an 
inch, and tie them by several turns of the thread in that 
position, thus: 




Every preparation being made; the colt thrown 
and carefully tied; the integuments of the testicles are 
to be laid open, the stone pulled out, and the epididy- 
mis separated from its adhesion to the lower end of 
the testicle as in the ordinary way. The cord is then 
caught in one of the clamps, which is pi-essed hard 
upon it, and firmly tied at the open end. When this 
is accomplished, the cord must be cut directly off, close 
to the edge of the clamp, and a little more of the above 
mixture should be sprinkled upon the ends exposed by 
the knife. After the operation is concluded, the clamps 
should be suffered to remain on eighteen or twenty-four 
hours. They may then be taken off by penning the 
colt in a confined place, and cutting the strings which 
tie their blunt ends. Neither swelling, nor stiffness, 
nor any other inconvenience follows this operation, and 
the animal appears, after he is reheved of the clamps, 
as well as ever he was. This method may, with equal 
efficacy, be applied to every other animal whose age 
or size renders the old way precarious. 



PATTENINO. 03 

FATTENING. 

To fatten a horse in a short space of time, has 
generally been considered a very great art, and at- 
tended with much difficulty. Some authors are of 
opinion, it is necessary for a horse to swallow a cei-tain 
quantity of medicine to produce the desired effect ; 
while others rely on an uncommon or peculiar kind of 
food ; but experience has proved that both opinions 
are erroneous, and that the few simples which I shall 
here recommend, together with good rubbing and a 
particular manner of feeding, will accomplish the fat- 
tening of a horse that is not a garran or extremely 
poor, within three or four weeks. After your stable 
is prepared, (as directed in pages 40 and 47,) provide a 
plenty of good sweet corn, hommony, oats, bran, and 
fodder ; also a sutiicient quantity of straw to keep him 
with a con:ifortable and clean bed ; then notice the 
condition of the animal, for the purpose of bleeding in 
the neck. Should he be very poor, take from him only 
one quart of blood ; if in tolerable plight, two quarts 
— repeating the bleeding at the expiration of every 
eight or ten days, until he is fat. Take of flaxseed 
one pint, boil it to a strong tea of one quart ; take ol 
powdered brimstone, one table spoonful ; salt-petre, 
one tea spoonful ; of bran. One and a half gallons ; mix 
them all together, scalding the bran with the tea. form- 
ing a mash ; which may be given every eight days : 
not permitting the horse to drink cold water for eight 
or ten hours afterwards. Take of asafa?tida (which 
can be procured from any apothecary's shop) half an 
ounce ; wrap it in a clean linen rag, and nail it in the 
bottom of the manger where the animal is fed; at 
first the horse will eat unwillingly where it is placed. 
but in a few days he will grow remarkably fona of it. 
7 



64 FATTENING. 

When you commence kind treatment towards a 
horse that has been cruelly used, let it be with great 
caution, or you may produce a founder or some other 
mjury ; those serviceable animals being too often hard 
used and half starved. For three or four days, allow- 
ance a horse you contemplate fattening, to two and 
a half gallons a day, six or eight bundles of fodder, 
or an equal quantity of hay ; after which you may 
keep your rack constantly full of long food, and never 
permit the manger to be entirely empty: taking care 
to change the food every day, giving the largest pro- 
portion of bran, viz. : — bran and hommony, bran and 
oats, bran and corn, bran alone, oats, corn, hommony, 
&c. &c. The food moistened occasionally with strong 
sassafras tea, produces an admirable effect ; it whets 
the appetite, enriches the blood, and opens the bowels. 
Whenever a horse is fed, all dust, sour food, &c. 
should be removed from his manger, which should 
be washed twice a week with vinegar and salt ; this 
kind of attention will aid the appetite and keep the 
manger sweet and clean. If the season of the year 
you undertake to fatten in, affords green food of any 
kind, a little about twelve o'clock would assist you 
much in accomplishing your object. In the bucket in 
which you water, throw a handful of salt, two or three 
times a week; it becomes very grateful to the taste, 
after a few days' confinement, and will prevent his 
pawing and eating dirt. If the object is to fatten a 
horse as speedily as possible, giving to him unusual 
life and spirits, he should not be brought out of the 
stable, nor even led to water. But if flesh is to be 
placed upon a horse to render hard service, I would 
recommend moderate exercise once every three days, 
carefully avoiding fretting or alarming him ; more in- 
jury may be done a horse by fretting him one day, 



EXCESSIVE FATIGUE. 65 

than you can remove in a week by the kindest treat- 
ment. The hoofs should be cleaned out every mom- 
ing and evening, stuffed with ckiy and sah, or fresh 
cow manure, to keep the feet cool and prevent a swel- 
ling in the legs. A plenty of good rubbing is abso- 
lutely necessary for the placing of flesh speedily on a 
horse ; and a blanket as a covering, at any time except 
the summer months, will place on his coat of hair a 
beautiful gloss, and add much to his comfort and ap- 
parent value. 



EXCESSIVE FATIGUE. 

For a horse to undergo very great fatigue without 
injury, requires at least one week's preparation. Pre- 
vious to entering him on his journey, he should be fed 
plentifully on solid old food, such as corn, fodder, 
hay or oats, and smartly exercised from five to ten 
miles a day. He should be wdl rubbed two or three 
times every twenty-four hours, which will very readily 
have the effect of making his flesh not only firm, but 
hard. 1 have no doubt, from the experiments I have 
made, that any tolerable good and active horse may be 
rode one hundred miles, in a pleasant long day, with- 
out receiving any permanent injury, by observing the 
treatment I shall here recommend. Experience has 
proved that rainy or drizzly weather is more favoura- 
ble to the performance of an excessive hard ride, than 
a day that is fair or sultry, with sunshine ; rain has 
the effect of keeping him cool, suppling his limbs, ol 
moistening and refreshing him. On the night pre- 



66 EXCESSIVE FATIGUE. 

vious to his engaging in this laborious undertaking, 
feed your horse with one and a half gallon of oats, or 
one gallon of corn and six bundles of fodder ; in tiie 
morning feed with one quart of oats or corn only, and 
offer some salt and water, of which a horse is apt to 
drink but little early in the morning. You then set 
out on your journey, in such speed as is proportioned 
to the distance you contemplate going in the day. A 
rider, who is compelled to perform a long journey in 
haste, and with certainty, in a given time, should be 
extremely particular in his manner of riding. He 
should bear lightly and steadily on his bridle and stir- 
rups, never jerking, checking, or stopping his horse 
suddenly, or change his gaits too frequently ; all these 
things have a tendency to weaken and fatigue a horse 
extremely. A good rider will more resemble the light 
and airy movements of a feather, than the dull and 
leaden gravity of a bullet ; the same horse can convey 
a good rider twenty miles farther in a day than he can 
one unskilled in this necessary and elegant accomplish- 
ment. After progressing about fifteen or eighteen 
miles, refreshment will be necessary, not only for the 
horse, but the rider also. You will then give him a 
bucket of salt and water with two handfuls of corn 
meal thrown therein, and one quart of oats or corn ; 
at twelve o'clock and at dinner time, feed and water in 
the same manner. Great care should be taken to pre- 
vent your I'orse from drinking cold pond or well water, 
or indulge ni any inviting rivulet he may meet in his 
road, more than to moisten his mouth. It is a prac- 
tice among hostlers, when they have no particular 
directions, to plunge horses that are tired and heated 
at twelve o'clock, into cold pond water ; in preference 
to which I would advise that their legs should be well 
lubbed with about half a pint of any kind of spirits. 



EXCESSI^ K FATIGUE. 67 

Your last feed being at two o'clock, or dinner time, 
your horse will require nothing more until night. 
The day's ride being performed, turn him into a lot to 
cool and wallow ; after which let him be placed in a 
stall, on a good bed of straw. 1st. Offer him a bucket 
of water. 2d. Remove all dirt and dust from his legs 
and ancles with soap and warm water. 3d. Bathe 
him from his belly to his hoofs with equal parts of 
vinegar and spirits, to which add a little sweet oil, fresh 
butter, or hog's lard, stewing them all together, and 
make use of the mixture as warm as the hand can bear 
it. 4th. He must be well curried, brushed, and finally 
polished with a sheepskin or woollen cloth. 5th. His 
feet should be nicely cleaned out, and stuffed with clay 
and salt, or fresh cow manure. 6th. He should be fed 
with one gallon of old corn, or one and a half gallons 
of oats, and six bundles of old fodder. Your horse 
being now in possession of every attention and comfort 
you could offer him, will soon be refreshed, forget his 
hard service, and be again prepared, by the next 
morning, to obey you whither you may direct his 
footsteps. If you have more than one day's journey to 
perform with great rapidity, observe the same rules of 
feeding, watering, and attention, as directed for the first 
day, except the feed at twelve o'clock, which quantity 
must be doubled. Many elegant and high spirited 
horses have been ruined and rendered useless by per- 
sons wanting experience on the above subject, who 
were disposed to treat those faithful animals with every 
kindness in their power; yet being under the neces- 
sity of performing a long journey in a limited time, 
and not knowing that the will of a heated and fatigued 
horse should be controlled, they have permitted him 
to eat as much as he pleased, or when heated, to drink 
as much cold pond or branch water as his great thii'st 



68 TREATMENT ON A JOURNEY. 

would induce him ; which have often been the means of 
uroducing cholic, founder, and other diseases, that too 
frequently prove fatal in the hands of a common farrier, 
to which title every hostler, blacksmith, and every 
blockhead of a servant, who does not even understand 
the currying of a horse, have pretensions. The loss 
of two or three quarts of blood, to a horse that has 
undergone excessive fatigue, will remove the soreness 
and stiffness of his limbs, the natural consequence of 
violent exertions. 



— m9®0««*— 



TREATMENT ON A JOURNEY. 

To perform a long journey, with comfort and ease 
to a horse, and satisfaction to the rider, requires some 
attention to the feeding, for eight or ten days previous 
to the setting out. A horse uncommonly fat, running 
late at grass, fed with unsubstantial food, such as 
bran, &c. or unaccustomed to exercise and fatigue, is 
very unfit to perform a journey on, unless prepared by 
being fed on old and solid food, for eight or ten days, 
such as corn, fodder, oats, or hay, and given moderate 
exercise. A liorse about half fat is in the best situa- 
tion to bear the fatigue and labour of a journey by 
following the mode of treatment I shall here recom- 
mend. If he is only a tolerably good one, by the time 
he reaches his journey's end, should it last four or five 
weeks, his condition will be much improved, if he is 
not entirely fat. 1st. It is necessary to have your 
horse shod with a good and substantial set of shoes, 



TREATMENT ON A JOURNEY. 69 

taking care that they fit easy, set well, and are not 
placed so near the inside of the foot as to cut the 
ankles in travelling, which often produces stiffness, 
considerable swelling of the legs, and sometinnes lame- 
ness. 2d. Examine your saddle, valise, portmanteau, 
harness, &c. as the case may be, to discover if they fit 
with ease and comfort to your horse, taking care to let 
them undergo the same examination every two or three 
days. For a saddle to fit properly, it must be neither 
wide enough in the tree to slip upon the shoulders, or 
so narrow as to pinch or break the skin on the withers; 
the bolstering or stuffing in the pannels should be 
adapted to the hollow spaces on each side of the back 
bone or spine. When thus properly fitted, a crupper 
will be useless. 3d. Your valise should be fastened 
on by passing two straps underneath two pieces con- 
fined to the valise pad, and through two loops at the 
back of the saddle; by which means it will be kept 
steadily in its proper place, and the rider will not be 
perplexed by its swinging first on one side, and then on 
the other, and the danger of the horse having a sore 
back from friction will be avoided. The only difference 
between the customary way of fastening a valise and 
the one I here recommend, is the passing straps through 
the loops to the back of the saddle. 

On the night previous to your commencing your 
journey, after your horse is placed on a good bed 
of straw, and is well rubbed, feed with two gallons 
of oats, or one and a half gallons a old corn and 
hommony, and eight or ten bundles of fodder, or 
a quantity of hay equal to it. In the morning feed 
with half a gallon of oats, after which offer a bucket 
of water. It is customary for horses to be watered 
before being fed ; but it is much better not to water ihem 
until afterwards; a large draught of water very often 



70 TREATMENT ON A JOURNEY. 

destroys the appetite, and makes a horse dull and 
sluggish for a whole day afterwards. When he is 
watered in this way, he seldom drinks too much, and his 
mouth is washed clean and is moist when he commences 
his journey. It also measurably destroys his incclina- 
tion to drink out of every stream he may cross in the 
road, which is so tiresome and unpleasant to a rider. 

Being now completely prepared for the contem- 
plated journey, the following rules must be strictly 
observed. 1st. Never permit your horse, while tra- 
velling, to drink cold branch, well, or pond water, or 
more than is necessary to wet or moisten his mouth. 
2d. Every time you stop to feed, (which will be morn- 
ing, breakfast, and dinner time,) give him a bucket of 
water, made a little salt, with about two handfuls oi 
corn meal stirred in it ; he will very soon grow fond 
of it, and indeed prefer it to any other drink ; it cools 
the system, relieves thirst, and contains considerable 
nutriment. 3d. Whenever you stop for the purpose of 
breakfasting, let your horse cool about ten minutes ; 
then feed with half a gallon of oats or corn, and two 
bundles of fodder, not forgetting to offer him again the 
water, meal, and salt. 4th. At dinner time observe 
the same treatment as directed at breakfast. 5th. At 
night (having arrived at the place you intend stopping 
at) have your horse turned into a lot, for the purpose 
of wallowing, cooling, &c. Gth. With soap and water 
have all dirt removed from his legs. 7th. Have 
him placed on a good bed of straw, then take of 
spirits of any kind half a pint, of vinegar half a pint, 
niix them together, and let his legs be rubbed with 
the mixture until they are dry. 8th. Let him be well 
curried, brushed, and rubbed with straw. 9th. Water 
him plentifully. 10th. Feed him with two gallons of 
oats, or one and a half gallons of Curn or hommony, 



TREATMB^VT ON A JOURNEY. 71 

and eight or ten bundles of fodder. 11th. Let his' 
hoofs be nicely cleaned out and stutfed with fresh cow 
manure ; this application keeps them tough, moist, and 
cool. 12th. Change your food as often as possible, care- 
fully avoiding using any that is new, or just gathered. 
( )bservc the above rules to your journey's end, except 
your horse should prove a great feeder, and in tiuU 
case you may indulge him a little ; but the quantity J 
have here recommended, is enough for any common 
horse when travelling. It may not be amiss to remind 
the young traveller to inspect his horse's shoes once a 
day, and v^diatever appears amiss about them to have 
immediately rectified. It frequently happens that the 
skin of young horses, unaccustomed to travel, is chafed 
and scalded by the friction of the girth; the part, 
washed clean with a little soap and water, and then 
washed with a little salt and water, will immediately 
cure and toughen the skin. 

It often happens at little baiting places or country 
taverns, (met with on the road by travc'llers,) that 
towards the end of harvest, servants are apt to feed 
with green oats or wheat, in consequence of the scar- 
city of fodder, unless otherwise directed; food of this 
kind is poison to a travelling horse, and will produce a 
diarrhoea and extreme debility. It would be much 
better he should not have long food for two weeks, 
than to give it to him green from the field. When 
persons travelling are not attentive to their horses, 
they are frequently given mouldy oats and corn, which 
is productive of the worst effects ; there being but few 
kinds of food that can be given a horse, that will ter- 
minate his existence more speedily. Many of those 
valuable animals have been destroyed by such means, 
when the owners have been frequently at a loss to know 
with what disease or from what cause thev had died 



T2 «.oi! 



AGE. 



To be able to ascertain the age of a horse, with 
lolcrable certainty, from three to nine years old, is a 
subject of considerable importance to every person 
who may have occasion to purchase. Unless we pos- 
sess this information, we are subject to the imposition 
and to become the sport of every jockey, whose vice 
and depravity frequently surpass those of the most 
untractable horse. Some judges undertake to tell 
the age until a horse is fifteen or twenty years old, 
which in my opinion is impossible ; they merely make 
a guess, without any rule by which they are governed, 
and four times out of five they labour under a mistake. 
If I am enabled to describe such marks and appear- 
ances as will make any person a judge of a horse's 
age, from three to nine's years old, I shall conceive I 
have performed a useful task, and shall be the means 
of preventing many impositions. Horses that have 
not ari'ived at three years of age, are unfit for use, 
and those that are more than nine, decrease in value 
with great rapidity. All that are particularly fond of 
horses, will always be filled with regret on viewing an 
elegant horse worn out with old age, yet possessing 
strong marks of beauty, and even former fine and 
graceful actions. It is to be much lamented that so 
beautiful an animal should so soon feel decay and be no 
longer useful. I shall proceed to lay down such rules 
for ascertaining the age of a horse, as will enable any 
man to speak with tolerable certainty on that subject. 
Every horse has six teeth above and below ; before he 
arrives at the age of three he sheds his two middle 
'eeth, by the young teeth rising and shoving the old 



AGE. ^$ 

ones out of their place. When he arrives at the age 
of three, he sheds one more on each side of the middle 
teeth; when four years old, he sheds his two corner 
and last of his fore teeth; between four and five he 
cuts his under tusks, and when five will cut his 
upper tusks, and have a mouth full and complete; 
his teeth appearing to have their full growth, except 
the tusks, and will be even, regularly placed, and 
pretty much grooved on the inside, with hollows of 
a very dark brown colour. There is always a very 
plain difference between colts' and horses' teeth; the 
colts' being without grooves and hollows, and never 
so large and strong. Some horses are without upper 
tusks even to the end of their lives; but this is not 
common. The appearance of the lower tusks, and 
them fully grown, is the most certain proof that the 
horse is five years old, even if one of his colt's teeth 
remains unshed. At six years old, the grooves and hol- 
lows in a horse's mouth begin to fill up a little, and their 
tusks have their full growth, with their points sharp, 
and a little concave or hollow on the inside. At seven 
years old, the grooves and hollows will be pretty well 
filled below, except the (corner teeth, leavijig where the 
dark brown hollows formerly were, little brown spots 
At eight, the whole of the hollows and grooves are 
filled up, and you see the appearance of what is termed 
smooth below. At nine years old there very often 
appears a small bill to the outside corner teeth ; the 
point of the tusk is worn off, and the part that was 
concave begins to fill up and become rounding ; the 
squares of the middle teeth begin to disappear, and the 
gums leave them small and narrow at top. Dealers 
in horses sometimes drill or hollow the teeth with 
a graver, and black the hollows by using a hot iron, 
for the purpose of passing an old horse for a young 



74 AGE. 

one. upon those who have but little or no experience 
upon the subject. But a dis'Cerning eye will readily 
discover the cheat, by the unnatural shape and black- 
ness of the hollows, the dulness and roundness of the 
tusks, together with the want of squares to the front 
teeth, and by many other visible marks, which denote 
the advanced age of a horse. 

Between nine and ten years of age, a horse generally 
loses the marks of the mouth, though there are a 
few exceptions ; as some horses retain good mouths 
until they are fourteen or fifteen years old, with their 
teeth w^hite, even, and regular, and many other marks 
of freshness and vigour. But when a horse grows old, 
it may be discovered by these indications, which com- 
monly attend old age, viz.: The gums wear away and 
leave the roots of the teeth long and slender ; the roots 
grow yellow, and often brownish ; the bars of the 
mouth (which are always fleshy, plump, and dry, in a 
young horse, and form so many distinct, firm ridges,) 
in an old horse, are lean, smooth, and covered with 
saliva, with few or no ridges. The eyes of a young 
horse appear plump, full, and lively; the lids with few 
wrinkles, the hollows above the ball small, and no 
gray hairs upon the brow, unless they proceed from 
the colour or marks of the horse. The eyes of an old 
horse appe?r sleepy, dim, and sunk, and the lids loose 
and very much shrivelled with large hollows and the 
brow grav. The countenance of a young horse is bold, 
gay, and lively ; while that of an old one is sad, dejected, 
and melancholy, unless mounted, and artificial means 
used to give him spirit. 

The chin of a horse, in my opinion, is by far the 
best mark to enable you to ascertain his age, inasmuch 
as it does not admit of the practice of those arts, by 



AOE. V6 

which the jockey so often passes off' an old broken 
down horse for a young one. The appearance of the 
chin can be changed only by nature : and he who will 
become an attentive observer, will soon be convinced, 
that it is not more difficult to tell an old horse from a 
young one, by the appearance of their chins, than it is 
for a skilful physician to distinguish a cheek of health 
from one that is wasted, diseased, and superannuated. 

The chin of a young horse is round, full, plump, full 
of wrinkles, and the pores close and small ; that of a 
horse advanced in years, flat, wrinkled, flabby, and the 
pores open and large. Indeed, after some experience, 
together with particular attention to this mark of age, 
there will be but little difficulty of ascertaining, with 
certainty, the age of a horse from three to nine years 
old. I have sometimes met with travellers on the 
road, whom I never before had seen, and in travelling 
along, have told the age of their horses by their chins. 
An examination of the lips and nostrils of a horse, 
may aid, corroborate, and strengthen the opinion of 
age, founded on the appearance of the chin. The lips 
and nostrils of a young horse are smooth and free 
from wrinkles, while those of an old one abound in 
them. 

Were I in pursuit of truth and honour, I nevei 
should seek them in the lower class of dealers in horses 
or horse jockeys. Whenever they have a horse to 
dispose of, they assure a purchaser he possesses every 
desirable quality, &c. and whenever they have eflfected 
a sale, they smile at their success, ana expose every 
vice to which the horse was addicted, lo the next 
person they meet. 

The physiognomy of a horse will assist much m 
ascertaining his age ; but the chin is certainly the 
safest guide. 



76 AOK. 



[from the AMERICAN FARMER.] 

AGE BY FEELING. 

A nwnderful discovery recently made in an old Horse''s age I .' 

" 'Tis to the pen and press we mortals owe, 
All we believe, and almost all we know." 

Since the age of that noble animal, the horse, after 
a certain period of life, (that is to say) after the marks 
in his incisors and cuspidati are entirely obliterated, to 
be able to ascertain his age, with any tolerable degree 
of certainty, appears to the generality of " horse age 
judges" to be a subject of very much uncertainty. 1 
now take the liberty of laying before the public, 
through the medium of your paper, an infallible method, 
(subject to very few exceptions) of ascertaining it in 
such a manner, after a horse loses his marks, or after 
he arrives to the age of nine years or over ; so that 
any person concerned in horses, even of the meanest 
capacity, may not be imposed upon in a horse's age, 
from nine years of age and over, more than three 
years at farthest, until the animal arrives at the age ot 
twenty years and upwards, bij just feeling the sub- 
maxillary hone, or the hone of the lower jaw. 

This method I discovered, by making many ana- 
tomical observations on the skulls of dead horses and 
repeated dissections. In order, therefore, to elucidate 
the above, I must in the first place beg leave to remark ; 
Iha tiie submaxillary bone, or the lower jaw bone 



AGE. 7?" 

of all young horses, about four or five years of age, 
immediately above the bifurcation, is invariably thick 
and very round at the bottom ; the cavity of said bone 
being very small, contains a good deal of marrow, and 
generally continues in this state until the animal arrives 
at that period which is generally termed an "aged 
horse," or until the animal acquires his full size in 
height or thickness ; or according to sporting language, 
is completely fui-nished, with very little variation. But 
after this period, the cavity as aforesaid becomes larger, 
and more marrow is contained therein. Hence the 
submaxillary bone becomes thinner and sharper a little 
above the bifurcation. 

This indelible mark may always be observed in a 
small degree in horses above eight years of age ; but at 
nine years old it is still more perceptible. It continues 
growing a little thinner and sharper at the bottom until 
twelve years of age. From thence until fifteen, it is 
still thinner, and about as sharp as the back of a case 
knife near the handle. From this period until the 
ages 18, 19, 20, and upwards, it is exceedingly so ; 
and is as sharp, in many subjects, as the dull edge of 
that instrument. 



RULES. 

1st. Put your three fingers about half an inch or an 
inch immediately above the bifurcation, and grasp the 
submaxillary bone, or the lower jaw bone. If it is thick 
at the sides, and very round indeed at the bottom, the 
animal is most certainly under nine years of age. 

2d. If the bone is not very thick, and it is per- 
ceivably not very round at the bottom, he is from rune 
to twelve years old, and so on. From twelve to fifteen, 
the bone is sharper at bottom, and thinner at tne 



78 



MARKS. 



Sides, the bottom is generally as sharp as the back of 
a case knife; and from 15 to 18, 19, 20, and upwards, 
without many exceptions, the bone, when divested of 
its integuments, is as sharp as the dull edge of that 

instrument. 

3d. Allowances must always be made between 
heavy, large western or wagon horses, or carriage 
horses, and fine blooded ones. By practising and 
strictly attending to the above rules, upon all descrip- 
tions of horses, the performer in a little time will become 
very accurate in the accomplishment of his desires, 
more especially if he attentively observes the lower 
jaw bone of dead horses" 



MARKS. 

Perhaps there is no subject to be found, that admits 
of a greater diversity of opinion-, than the form and 
number of marks necessary to constitute the beauty of 
a horse. Many white marks, when of irregular shape, 
and handsomely placed, give to a handsome horse a 
gay and sprightly appearance, lightening up the coun- 
tenance, and forming a beautiful contrast to his colour. 
Indeed, marks are sometimes so irregularly and fanci- 
fully placed, as not only to please, but to delight most 
persons who are judges on this subject ; while others 
of such regular, common, and unbecoming shape, and 
so unnaturally placed as to be unfavourable to beauty 
and have a tendency to disfigure the animal they are 



BLAZE OR STAR. 79 

intended to beautify ; such as a face blazed large, high, 
and regular, like an ox ; the two fore legs white above 
the knees, and no white behind ; one white leg to the 
knee, behind on the right ; one fore leg white to the 
knee before on the left : a bald face and no white legs: 
a dim blaze, commencing with an awkward star, end- 
ing with a snip on the one side, &c. &c. A horse 
without marks, always has a deadness in his aspect — 
and one well marked, always appears the more 
beautiful for it. But it must be acknowledged, by 
every person of experience, that a horse with white 
feet, is much more tender than one without them. 
Even in cases of lameness not proceeding from acci- 
dent, nine times out of ten, if a horse has a white foot, 
that will be the one that will first fail him. White 
feet are also more subject to the scratches and other 
diseases, than those of different colours, and a very 
remarkable fact exists, that I never have seen or heard, 
in my life, of a first rate four mile heat racer, that had 
a bald face and white legs to the knees. 

White marks add to the beauty of a horse, but les 
sen his services. 



-Me@« 



BLAZE OR STAR. 



When we have a pair of horses that match well in 
every respect, except that one has a blaze or star in 
the face, it becomes very interesting and important to 

know how to make their faces match, and to give 

8* 



80 HEAD. 

them blazes or stars precisely alike. This may be 
done in the following manner: — 

Number 1. — Take a razor and shave off the hair the 
form and size you wish the blaze or star to be made : 
then take a small quantity of oil of vitriol, and with a 
feather anoint the part once, which will be quite suffi- 
cient. After the application of the vitriol, the part 
will become a little sore and inflamed ; which may be 
readily removed and healed up, by washing the sore 
with copperas water. Great care should be used to 
prevent the vitriol from getting on clothes, as it will 
entirely destroy them. 

Numbe?' 2. — Take a piece of oznaburgs the size you 
want the blaze or star: spread it with warm pitch and 
appiy it to the horse's face : let it remain two or three 
days, by which time it will bring off the hair clean, 
and make the part a little tender ; then take of elixir 
vitriol a small quantity ; then anoint the part two or 
three times ; or, of a very common weed called as- 
mart, a small handful, bruise it and add to it about a 
gill of water, use it as a wash until the face gets well, 
when the hair will grow out entirely while. 



-me@e« 



HEAD. 

The head of a horse should be small, bony, thin, 
and delicate ; his jaws wide apart, yet thin ; his throttle 
iarge and arched; his ears long, thin, narrow, high 
and pointing together ; his eyes prominent, large, and 



BODY. 81 

full, of a dark cinnamon or blick colour, bright, lively, 
and shining ; his nostrils wide, red, and expanded ; his 
mouth and lips thin, small, and plump ; his chin full, 
sharp, and delicate ; his face rather of a Roman order 
than straight, with irregular white, either in a star or 
blaze, to give expression and light up the countenance. 



-me® So— 



BODY. 



The body of a horse should be large, in proportion 
to the balance of his frame, compact, round, and swel- 
ling ; his flanks plump and full ; and his last or small- 
est rib, approaching near the hip bone, which is never 
placed too near the point of the shoulders ; the back 
should be very short, smooth, and nearly even, neither 
swayed nor humped ; the hips wide apart, full, round, 
and even with the body. A horse with a light flat 
body, open and gaunt about the flanks, with high spirit, 
long legs, &c. is unfit for any purpose, except for 
show ; and that not for more than two or three hours ; 
for his rider, after that time, as well as every spectator, 
will discover him sinking under fatigue, and completely 
giving up. 



S2 AECK AND SHOULDERS. LEGS. 



NECK AND SHOULDERS. 

The neck of a horse should be long, thin, and deli- 
cate (indeed they are never too long or too delicate) 
growing deeper from the joining of the head to the 
shoulders ; the upper edge should form the half of an 
arch, gradually falling in height and shape from the 
head to the shoulders ; the mane should be thin, 
smooth, and in length half the width of the neck. — 
The shoulders of a horse should be thin, high, and 
thrown very far back ; for experience has proved, that 
those with low shoulders and high rumps, although they 
may have many good parts, can never show to advan 
tage, and seldom make good saddle or race horses. 



-~»e$e« 



LEGS. 

The fore legs of a horse should bear a just propoi- 
lion to his size ; the arms large, long, and full ; the 
legs bony, flat, and sinewy ; the pasterns rather long 
than otherwise, and tolerably straight. Small lean 
arms, a bending back or trembling of the knees, bow 
legs, small and round legs, extremely delicate back 
sinews, or those unnaturally large, indicate weakness 
or some injury, and should be avoided. The hind 
parts of a hcse, from the hip bone to the hock, should 
be of great length ; the thighs and muscles should be 
full, large, and bulging ; the hock broad, sinewy, and 



SHOEING. 83 

Strong; the hind legs flat, smooth, bony, and full of 
sinew, clear of knots, and rather crooked in the hock 
than straight; the pasterns of moderate length, small 
and rather straight than otherwise. The horse should 
be neither knock-kneed or bow-legged, or his feet 
turned in or out; as a horse thus shaped, moves ugiy, 
and never can be sure footfid. 



— »*e@0« 



SHOEING 

Diseases are sometimes prodbtced in the feet, fiom 
which a horse is never again free during his life ; it is 
therefore important that a valuable horse should not be 
placed in the hands of every blockhead who pleases to 
call himself a horse shoer, but entrusted only to persons 
of known skill. For a horse to be well shod, the hoof 
should be pared with a buttress, (instead of giving in 
to the cruel and injurious practice of burning the foot 
with a red hot shoe until it fits,) smooth and level, to 
a reasonable size; the frog should be nicely trimmed, 
in shape a little convex, rather lower than the fooi : 
the shoes should be made of good and tough iron, and 
precisely the shape of the hoof after being trimmed, 
not so wide between the heels as to show on the out- 
side, or so narrow as to cramp the foot, and produce 
narrow heels, (which is a very troublesome disease ) 
The nails should be made of old horseshoes, or some 
other tough iron, with small heads, and drove regular, 
smooth, and even ; not high enough to reach the 



84 . SHOEING. 

quick, )'et with hold sufficient to confine the shoe three 
or four months. The points of the nails should be 
formed into neat and small clinches, and should be 
well driven up 

Some taste may be displayed in the rasping and 
shaping the hoof, after the shoe is confined. When it 
is left more sharp than flat around at the toe, it adds 
much to its beauty and neat appearance. 

When a horse is well shod, if water is poured upon 
the bottom of his foot, it will not pass between the 
hoof and the shoe. A smith, who resided in Williams- 
burg, in the year 1804, was in the habit of shoeing in 
this exact and elegant style. Shoes for draft horses, 
that have seldom occasion to go out of a walk, should 
be heavy, strong, and with high heels, and pointed at 
the toe with steel. 

Horse shoeing is what every worker of iron, who 
has acquired the name of a blacksmith, pretends to be 
well skilled in ; but there are few indeed in possession 
of sufficient knowledge on that subject, to make it safe to 
place under their care a horse of value, for the purpose 
of being shod. To perform this operation correctly, 
and without present or future injury, requires not only 
good skill and judgment, but a thorough acquaintance 
with the anatomy of a horse's foot, which is a know 
tedge but few of our blacksmiths are in possession of, 
and is the cause of so many horses being rendered 
useless. Almost all the diseases in the feet, are, more 
or less, the result of bad shoeing, by wounding muscles, 
veins nerves, or arteries in this way. 



HOOFS. MANE AND TAIL. 85 



HOOFS. 

The hoofs of a horse should be proportioned to his 
size ; of a dark colour, smooth, tough, and nearly 
round ; not too flat nor too upright, and the bottom 
hollow. White hoofs are much more tender than any 
other colour, nor do they retain or bear a shoe so well. 
One that is flat, turning up at the toe or full of ridges, 
or flat and pumiced on the under side, strongly indicates 
founder or other injury. If the hair lie smooth at the 
top of the hoof, it is an evidence of its being good, 
should there be nothing unnatural in its shape ; but ii 
the hair stands up and appears rough, and the flesh 
swelled a little beyond the circle of the hoof, it is a 
proof the foot is in some way diseased and a ring bone 
may be apprehended. 



»@9« 



MANE AND TAIL. 

The mane and tail of a horse, when the hair is even, 
smooth, long, and well proportioned, adds much to 
the beauty, boldness, and majesty of his figure. Great 
judgment and taste may be displayed in the trimming 
and proportioning those two ornaments. A very large 
horse, even if elegant, appears mean and trifling if you 
attach to him a little rat tail ; one very small with a 
monstrous long, bushy tail ; or a square, narrow 
hipped, lathy horse, with a small bob tail, only serves 



86 £^i<.6. 

to point out his imperfections, and attach to his ap- 
pearance an idea of insignificance and meanness. One 
with a remarkably long body, with a thin switch bob 
tail, bears no better proportion than the legs and thighs 
of a dwarf to the head and body. A large horse, 
roached and bobbed, never shows to advantage, as the 
appearance of the riding horse is given up, and the 
round and snug appearance of the nimble footed pony 
can never be attained. For a horse to look well with 
a bob tail, he should be plump, round, full, and com- 
pact ; but all tails that are full of hair, show to much 
more advantage than those that are thin and frizzled. 
Previous to a tail's being trimmed, great respect 
should be paid to the shape and proportion of the 
horse, and the tail should be made an equal propor- 
tionable part. The manes of all horses, except ponies, 
should be long, smooth, and reaching at least half way 
down the neek ; nothing can more disfigure him than 
a short frizzled mane : it even alters, apparently, the 
shape of the neck, and when once in this situation, it 
will take twelve months to grow of proper length. 
The mane of a horse may be combed two or three 
times a day, as a thin mane looks well ; but his tail, 
]f well proportioned and elegant, should not be combed 
oftener than twice a week. 



GOOD AND BAD EYES. 

The eye is an organ ol more use and more value 
than any that belongs to the horse, and should always 
undergo an examination by a purchaser with the 



EVj<:s. 67 

greatest attention and minuteness. Nothing can more 
affect his value than the want of vision ; as any elegant 
horse, that would readily command in cash two hundred 
dollars, if blind, in all probability, would be well sold 
at fifty dollars, which plainly proves the necessity and 
importance of using on this subject the greatest 
caution. 

To give a full description of the anatomy of a horse's 
eye, would take up more room and time than can at 
present be devoted to this topic: the reader must be 
content with a description of those parts most familiar 
and most important. 

The eye is the organ of sight, whereby the ideas ot 
all outward objects are represented to the com m. on 
sensory ; its form is a convex globular, covered by its 
proper lids, and enclosed within an orbit or socket: the 
eyelids preserve the eye from dust or external injury, 
and an expansion of the muscles and skin, the inner 
membrane being of an exquisite contexture, that it 
may in no manner hurt or impair the surface of the 
eye: their edges have a cartilaginous or gristly rim, 
by which they are so fitted as to meet close together 
at pressure ; the orbit or cavity in which the eye is 
situated, is lined with a very pliable, loose fat, which 
is not only easy to the eye in its various motions, but 
serves to keep it sufficiently moist, as the lachamaMal 
glands, seated in the outer corner of the eye, serve to 
moisten its surface, or wash off any dust or dirt that 
may happen to get into it: at the inner corner of the 
eye, next the nose, is a carbuncle, which some are of 
opinion is placed to keep that corner of the eye from 
being entirely closed, that any tears or gummy matter 
may be discharged even in time of sleep, or into the 
punctua lacliamalia, which are Httle holes for the 
9 



88 EYES. 

purpose of carrying off' any superfluous moisture or 
tears into the nose: the eye has four coats or mem- 
branes, and three humours ; the first membrane is called 
tunika adnata, and covers all that part of the eye that 
in a man appears white, but in a horse is variegated 
with streaks and spots of brown, and being reflected 
back, lines the inside of the eyeUds, and by that inver- 
sion becomes the means to prevent motes, dust, small 
flies, or any extraneous matter getting behind the eye- 
ball into the orbit, which would be extremely danger- 
ous : this coat is full of blood vessels, which appear in 
little red streaks on the human eye when inflamed, 
and when there is but little white in the eyes of 
horses, they appear fiery, and the eyelids, when 
opened and turned back, look red : the second coat has 
its forepart very strong and transparent, like horn, 
and is therefore called the cornea ; and the other part, 
which is opaque and dark, is called the schlerotis : 
under the cornea lies the iris, which in a horse inclines 
to cinnamon colour: the middle of this membrane, 
or coat, is perforated for the admission of the rays 
of light, and is called the pupil : under the ii'is lies 
the processes ciliares, which go off' in little rays, and 
in a sound eye are plainly to be seen. As often 
as these processes contract, they dilate the pupil, 
which may always be observed in places where the 
light is small ; but in a strong light, the circular fibres 
of the iris act as a sphincter muscle, and lessen the size 
of the pupil ; and therefore a dilated and wide pupil, in 
a strong light, is generally an evidence of a bad eye. 
Under the schlerotis lies the choroides, which is the 
third coat of the eye : in men it is of a dusky brown 
but in horses the greater part of this coat is white, 
which enables them to see bodies of all colours better 
than men in the night, as white reflects all colours. 



EYES. 89 

But horses and other animals that feed on grass, have 
some parts of this membrane of a light green, which 
enables them to see with little light, and makes grass 
an object that they can discern with greatest strength, 
and therefore it is sometimes called tunicia uvea, 
from its resembling the colour of a grape. The inner- 
most or fourth coat is called the memhrana retina, 
which is only an expansion of the optic nerve upon 
the choroidcs, and encompasseth the glossy humour 
like a net. By the continuation of the rays of light 
upon the fine filaments of this membrane, all the 
external images are conveyed by the optic nerves to 
the brain. Within the coats of the eye are seated the 
three humours that cliiefly compose the eyeball ; the 
first is the aqueous or watery humour, which lies 
foremost and seems chiefly as a proper medium to 
preserve the crystaUine humours from injuries in case 
of wounds, bruises, or any other external cause. 
Behind the aqueous humour lies the crystalline lens, 
in a very firm membrane called arena, being like a 
spider's web — its use is to refract the rays of light 
that pass through it, so that all the rays proceeding 
from the same point of any object, being first refracted 
on the cornea, may be united on the retina — the 
vitreous humour lies behind the crystalline, being con- 
cave on its foreside to make a convenient lodgement for 
the crystalline, and its hinder part convex agreeable 
to the globular form of the eye, upon which the tunica 
retina and choroides are spread: this humour pos- 
sesses a space larger than the other two, and being of 
a hue like a light coloured green glass, is a proper 
medium, not only to keep the crystalline humour and 
the retina at a proper distance from each other, but by 
its colour to prevent the rays o^ light falling too for 



00 EVES. 

oibly upon the latter, which might weaken or impair 
ihe sight. 

The eyes of horses diffisr so widely in their appear- 
ance, that the best judges will be sometimes mistaken 
as to their power of vision ; but I shall here recom- 
mend such modes of examination as will rarely de- 
ceive, having already described that organ fully, when 
in its most perfect state. 

For the purpose of making a fair trial of a horse's 
eyes, that you suspect to be bad, and to ascertain their 
quality, 

1st. Have him confined in a dark stable about fif- 
teen minutes, then led hastily out into a strong light: 
if he winks fast, wrinkles his brows, throwing his 
head up as if desirous of receiving more light, and 
moves his earsi backwards and forwards slowly, in an 
unmeaning manner, his eyes are not good. 

2d. If his eyes appear sunk, with the lids shrivelled 
or very much swelled, it is a proof they have received 
an injury. 

3d. If the ball of the eye appears covered with a 
film, or the remains of one about the corners, with the 
pupil large and light coloured, without occasionally 
contracting with a look wild and vacant, his eyes are 
diseased. 

4th. If he can be rode against a tree or any other 
object which he should avoid, and which should alarm 
him, his eyes are bad. 

5th. If when moved he lifts his feet high and awk- 
wardly, and appears not to know where he is about to 
place them, you may immediately conclude he is blind. 

6th. If when rode over small gullies or old corn 
ground, he blunders much, and requires the constant 
attention of the rider to guide him, his eyes are not 
good. 



EYES. 91 

7th. If you shake your hand near his eyes in such 
a manner that he cannot feel the wind from it, and he 
pays no attention to it, by winkmg quick, and moving 
his ears, his eyes are such as should not be made 
choice of. 

8th, If at night, when you approach him with a 
candle, and the pupil of his eye looks large, of a light 
blue colour, without having near its middle, and on the 
upper part, little rough spots, of a dark brown colour, 
resembling moss, or if the pupil contains large white 
opaque lumps, the horse is either blind or occasionally 
subject to blindness, and should be avoided by a 
purchaser. > 

The eyes of some horses are very subject to films, 
vhich have been sometimes removed by large bleed- 
ngs, or the use of double refined loaf sugar, or glass 
bottle, powdered. Eyes thus affected are much to be 
dreaded, as it is very difficult to discover them. One 
hard ride will make a horse blind; and one large 
bleeding will remove the film. To detect such eyes, 
examine minutely the corners, as the film leaves those 
parts of the eye last, and will appear there, when it 
has been removed from the middle of the eye foi 
several days. 

The eyes of a horse are never too large, but very 

frequently too small ; and when shaped like a pig's, 

are neither durable nor handsome, and forn\ a serious 

objection. The wall or white eyes are truly valuable, 

being much hardier and less subject to disease than 

e3^es of any other description ; for who ever recollects 

to have seen a horse blind, or even with diseased eyes. 

that had wall eyes ? and unquestionably they can see 

better in the night than a horse without them. 
9* 



i>2 EYES. 

The eyes of a horse should be large, round, full, 
lively, dark coloured, clear, and shining, that you may 
see far into them ; and when moving, but little of ihe 
white should appear. Dealers in those animals are 
very apt to endeavour to lead a purchaser from any 
defect he by chance may discover about a horse, to 
some part without fault, or some of his best parts ; and 
as to eyes, speak of them as if they were of little or no 
consequence. Purchasers should always be on their 
guard when dealing with men that possess so much 
artifice and cunning. 



-me@a« 



MOON EYES. 

We sometimes observe the eyes of a horse to change 
colour, and to vary in appearance monthly. Eyes thus 
affected, are called moon eyes, from the prevailing 
opinion that the affection increases or decreases with 
the course of the moon ; insomuch that in the full moon 
the eyes are muddy, discharging a thin ichorous water 
so sharp as sometimes to excoriate the skin, and at 
new moon clear up again. At first appearance of this 
disease, the eyes are much swelled, and very often 
shut, and the whole eyeball of a muddy brown ; the 
veins of the temple, and near the eyes, appear remark- 
ably full of blood, and both eyes are seldom affected 
at the same time. Large bleedings, and the eyes 
washed frequently in cold water, give temporary relief; 
but this disease is the forerunner of a cataract, which 
seldom admits of a cure ; the cases generally end in 
bhndness of one, if not both eyes. 



STARTING 



6^ 



The eyes of horses are very frequently wounded 
and injured by blows, flies, accidents, &c. which can 
always be distinguished from diseased eyes by a 
proper examination. To perform a cure, when thus 
injured, wash them three or four times a day in clean, 
cold spring water, alter which repeat the washing, 
adding a small quantity of sugar of lead to the water, 
when the eye gets strong enough to open of its own 
accord, in the light. Should a film appear on the 
surface, (which is absolutely necessary, if the eye has 
received a wound, before it can heal,) take of double 
refined loaf sugar, or glass bottle powdered to a fine 
dust, a small quantity in the end of a quill; blow it 
in the eye affected, every third morning for a week : 
bleed at least three times within the week, taking 
about half a gallon of blood at each bleeding ; if the 
horse is not disposed to go blind, the cure will in a short 
time be completed. 



-i n 9S9<«~- 



STARTING. 



Horses, as wed as men, sometimes acquiie bad 
habits, of which they can but seldom divest themselves. 
Starting is one among the worst habits a horse can 
possess, and has a tendency to reduce his value at least 
one fourth, in consequence of endangering the life oi 
any person who may back him. A good rider has 
sometimes been thrown by his horse in starting, that 
would have defied his agility in any other way. 

A rider never can guard against a starting horse, as 
he gives no notice of his intentions, by the moving ol 



91 STARTING. 

his ears, eyes, manner of going, &c. as they generally 
do in rearing, jumping, kicking, sullenness, and such 
vices. Some few horses are broke of starting by mild 
means, others by cruel treatment ; but whoever engages 
in it, at least runs the risk of breaking his own neck 
before his object is accomplished. 

A horse subject to starting, labours under an ocular 
deception, or rather an optic defect, seeing nothing 
perfectly, or in proper shape or colour ; and can as 
easily make a scare-crow of a little bush or chunk, that 
may happen to lay in his road, as the most frightful 
object that could meet his sight. 

To ascertain that a horse starts, is very easy indeed. 
Mount him yourself, ride first slow, and then fast, 
towards and by such objects as are offensive to the eye, 
and you will readily discover if he possesses that bad 
habit. 

Some horses that are free from this objection, will 
notice particularly all objects they meet, and may sidle 
a little ; but a starting horse, on approaching any object 
that may displease him, whether frightful or not, will 
either suddenly spring from one side of the road to the 
other, jump back, or when going in a full gallop, stop 
suddenly, turn round, and run in an opposite direction 
from the one he was going. Such horses are neithei 
agreeable or safe for any kind of service. 



STUMBLING. 9# 



STUMBLING. 

The stumbling of a horse may be either natural 
or produced by accidents, such as sphnt, wind galls, 
sinew strains, shoulder sprains, withers injured, &c. 
&c. but whether produced by accident or natural 
defect, cannot be remedied. All horses, and particu- 
larly those that go well, stumble more or less; but there 
is a very wide distinction between a light tip or touch 
on the foot, and a stumble that will bring a horse and 
sometimes his rider flat in the dirt. Horses given to 
this practice, are very much lessened in value, and can 
never be rode by any person aware of his bad quality, 
without being in pain, dreading every time he lifts his 
feet, that all will be prostrated in the dust. 

To ascertain if a horse stumbles, 

1st. Examine well his knees, to discover if they are 
scarred, or the hair knocked off". 

2d. Take him amongst uneven ground, small gullies, 
or old corn ground, and let him be rode with the bridle 
hanging slack upon his neck, in all the different gaits 
he has been accustomed to, and if he is in the habit of 
stumbling, he will very soon make a sufficient number 
of low bows to convince you of the fact. 

3d. When a horse stumbles and immediately spiings 
off", appearing alarmed, it is a proof that he is an old 
offender, and is under the apprehension of having one 
other flogging added to the great number he had, no 
doubt, receive4 for the same fault. Such a horse 1 
consider unsafe, and therefore cannot lecommend him 
to purchasers ; he being not so good, even for a slow 
draft, as one possessing more activity. 



96 SPAVIN. 



SPAVIN. 

A SPAVINED Iiorse may be considered as one com- 
pletely ruined, for a permanent cure can rarely be 
effected, if attempted, even on its first appearance. 

The spavin is a lump, knot, or swelling, on the inside 
of the hock, below the joint, that benumbs the limbs, 
and destroys the free use of the hind legs. It causes 
a horse to be extremely lame, and to experience, 
apparently, very excruciating pain. 

In the purchase of a horse, great respect should be 
paid to his bringing up his hind parts well, as a spavined 
horse never makes a full step with the leg affected ; 
also to the shape of his hocks, in order to discover 
if there is any knot or unnatural prominence about 
the joint, which is an evidence of the spavin. When 
a horse is thus diseased, he is unfit for any kind ot 
service, even the meanest drudgery, being in constant 
pain, and unable to perform. Horses sometimes have 
the spavin, when there is no lump apparent near the 
joint, the disease being seated in the joint. To detect 
such spavin, and to prevent a cunning fellow (who may 
have given the animal rest, blistered and bathed the part 
with double distilled spirits, and formed a temporary 
relief,) from imposing on a purchaser, have the horse 
rode in three quarters speed, about one mile out and 
back, occasionally fretting, cracking, and drawing him 
up suddenly and short; after which let him be rode 
in cold water up to the belly ; then p^ace him in a stall 
without interruption, for about half an hour, by which 
time he will be perfectly cool ; then have him led out, 
and moved gently : if he has received a temporary 



CRIB BITING. 97 

cure of the spavin, he will show lameness. A blister 
of Spanish flies applied to the part affected (after 
shaving off the hair) with a bath of strong spirits or 
vinegar, and a week's rest, will frequently suspend 
the lameness produced by the spavin for a time, but a 
radical cure mav not be exoected. 



CRIB BITING. 

Crib Biting is one amongst the number of bad 
habits to which some horses are addicted. It consists 
in his catching hold of the manger, grunting and 
sucking in wind, until he is almost ready to burst. To 
discover this vice, it is only necessary to have a horse 
fed: whenever they eat, at least one half of his victuals 
is wasted, by their catching hold of the manger, 
grunting, straining, and swallowing large quantities of 
wind every two or three mouthfuls, which produces 
the cholic and other distressing diseases. 

Whenever this very bad habit is acquired, it is 
practised as long as the animal lives. Many experi- 
ments and fruitless attempts have been made to 
remedy it, but without success. An elegant horse, 
when once he becomes a crib biter, is reduced in value 
to little or nothing. He always looks hollow, jaded, 
and delicate, and is incapable of rendering service in 
anv situation 



BROKEN WIND. 



BROKEN WIND 



Broken Wind is one amongst the number ot 
incurable diseases to which the horse is subject. When 
affected with this disease, he is disagreeable to his 
rider, and is of but Uttle value, however beautiful or 
elegant he may be in his appearance. All the boasted 
pretensions of farriers to cure, are vain and frivolous, 
since their utmost skill, now and then, can only palliate 
the symptoms, and mitigate their violence. 

It is easy to discover a broken winded horse. By 
giving him a little brisk exercise, he will draw up his 
ilanks and drop them suddenly, breathe with great 
difficulty, and make a disagreeable wheezing noise. 
The seat of the disease appears, from dissection, to be 
in the lungs; the heart and lungs being found of twice 
their natural size, which prevents their performing their 
office with ease, in the action of respiration. 

Broken wind is sometimes produced in a horse by 
excessive fatigue, heavy drafts, sudden changes from 
heat to cold, and other cruel treatment. It would be 
advisable to dispose of such horses at any price, as 
they are not worth their feeding. 

This complaint, I believe, does not admit of perfect 
cure: but by much care may be greatly relieved. 
The food should be compact and nutritious, such as 
corn and old hay. Carrots are excellent in this case, 
as are parsnips and beet roots, probably on account of 
the saccharine matter they contain. I have heard 
that molasses has been given in the water (which 
should be in very small quantities) with very great 
success. Some have used tar water ; others praise 



STRING HALT. 99 

the effects of lime water ; but the greatest dependence 
should be in very sparing supplies of substantial food. 
The exercise ought to be regular, but never beyond a 
walking pace. If the symptomatic cough should be 
troublesome, take away about three quarts of blood 
every other day. 



»®9« 



STRING HALT. 



The string halt affects horses in their hind legs, 
and consists in a false action or involuntary use of a 
muscle, which twitches one of the legs almost up to 
the belly, and sometimes both. The string halt is 
produced by a muscle being over strained, or a violent 
blow on the hind parts. Good rubbing, and baths ol 
warm vinegar and sweet oil, afford momentary relief, 
but a permanent cure may not be expected. A horse 
thus injured, is incapable of faithfully performing a 
journey, although he may be rode four or five miles 
without appearing to sink with fatigue. Such a horse 
is very objectionable, being uneasy to the rider, and 
must give pain to every person who is in the habit uf 
seeing him rode. 

10 



lOP CHEST FOUNDER. 



CHEST FOUNDER. 



The chest founder appears to be a disease but little 
understood by farriers in general ; they are, however, 
not backward in offering many remedies, and speak 
of some with much confidence, when they propose 
performing a cure. But experience has proved, beyond 
the possibility of a doubt, that the chest founder is one 
of those dreadful diseases to which the horse is subject, 
that admits of no cure. 1 can here be of more use, by 
speaking of its seat, and describing its symptoms to a 
purchaser, than by pretending there exists, for that 
disease, a specific medicine, or propose its use to the 
owner of such an unfortunate animal. 

The chest founder is sometimes produced by violent 
exercise on a full stomach, and drinking large quan- 
tities of cold branch water; by the use of mouldy 
bran, corn, or oats, or by eating large quantities oi 
green food, such as oats, wheat, peas, &c. while per- 
forming hard labour. 

From dissection, it appears that the seat of the 
disease is in the lungs ; the heart and liver are also 
considerably enlarged, insomuch that there is not room 
for them to perform their office with ease. The liver, 
lungs, diaphragm, and surrounding parts, are all 
covered with large brown spots, and are much 
inflamed. 

A horse that is chest foundered, will straddle or 
stake with his fore legs, showing an unwillingness to 
bring his feet together; and if they are placed near 
each other, he will not permit them to remain so 
for a minute. Indeed they are frequently twelve oi 



NARROW HEELS. 101 

eighteen inches apart, which is caused by a fulness, 
and continual uneasiness about the chest : the cavity 
being too small to contain the lungs, &c. in their 
enlarged situation with ease. 

The hind legs are free from the palsied appearance 
of those before, and it is not difficult to distinguish it 
from a common founder, as it is wanting in all its 
symptoms, except the stiff and numbed appearance ol 
the legs. 

Large bleedings and half an ounce of aloes, given 
internally in a ball, have sometimes afforded momen- 
tary relief No effectual remedy has yet been dis- 
covered. A horse labouring under this disease, is 
worth but little more than his board, as he is unable to 
bear fatigue, or undergo severe service. 



— Me@e« 



NARROW HEELS, 

Is a disease that often produces lameness without 
the master of the horse knowing from what cause it 
proceeds : often examining his legs, cleaning his hoefs^ 
paring the frogs of his feet, &c. &c. without paying 
any respect to the shape of the horse's heels, which 
are always close together and unaturally shaped. 

A horse with narrow heels is unfit to travel, as he 
is tender footed, and goes cramped, short, and is al- 
ways subject to lameness, more or less. 

Narrow heels is the effect of shoes being permitted 
to remain on a horse that is not used, for three or four 



102 SPLINT. 

months, which cause the heels to grow together, pinch- 
ing and confining the coronet. 

The cure is simple, though tedious. Have his shoes 
taken off and his feet cut down as small as possible, 
without injuring the quick ; then turn him out upon a 
marsh or low ground, where his hoofs may be con- 
stantly moist for three or four months, and his heels 
will expand, his hoofs again assume their natural shape, 
and the horse will be fit for any kind of service. 



»@e« 



SPLINT. 

The splint is a hard lump or excrescence that grows 
upon the fore legs of a horse between the fetlock and 
the knee. It is unpleasant to the eye, but seldom does 
injury, unless situated on the back of the leg and im- 
mediately under the large tendons, in which case 
lameness is always produced, and the cure rendered 
difficult. 

When the splint is situated in the usual place, and 
grows so large as to be unfavourable to beauty — to 
remove it, bathe the part with hot vinegar twice a day, 
and have the knot or splint rubbed with a smooth round 
stick, after bathing for ten or fifteen minutes ; by the 
expiration of a week the knot will perceptibly decrease 
in size, and finally, in a short time will disappear. — 
But should such means not have the desired effect, 
shave off the hair over the lump, and apply a blister of 
Spanish flies, which in a short time will effectually 
remove it. 



LAMP ASS. ]03 



The splint, when first making its appearance, will 
cause a horse to limp a little: and, as he advances in 
years, may stiffen him, and cause him to stumble. 
But I have never known any serious injury to result 
from such an excrescence, unless placed beneath the 



large tendons. 



»®e« 



LAMPASS. 



All young horses are subject to the lampass, and 
some suffer extremely before it is discovered. 

It is a swelling or enlarging of the gums on the 
inside of the upper jaw : the growth is sometimes so 
luxuriant as to prevent a horse from eating with any 
comfort. The cure is simple; and after .being per- 
formed, a horse will improve in his condition with 
great rapidity. 

Take a hot iron, flat, sharp, and a little crooked at 
the end, burn the lampass out just below the level of 
the teeth, using great care to prevent the hot iron 
from bearing or resting upon the teeth. After the 
operation is performed, the horse should be given a little 
bran or meal, with a small quantity of salt in it. 

Some farriers have recommended cutting for the 
lampass, which only gives momentary relief, and would 
require the same operation to be performed every three 
or four months ; but when it is once burnt out, it never 
again makes its appearance. 
10* 



104 WIND GALLS. 



WIND GALLS. 

Wind Galls are spongy and flatulent humoui ^:, tiiat 
make their appearance on both sides of the lei;s, just 
above the pastern joint or fetlock. It is seldom that 
a horse is found entirely clear of them, particularly 
about the hind legs, if he be much used. 

They are produced by hard usage, strains, bruises, 
&c. &c. of the back sinews or the sheath thai covers 
them, which by being over-stretched, have some 
of their fibres ruptured; whence probably may ooze 
out the fluid which is commonly found with the 
included air. 

When wind galls make their first appearance, they 
are easily cured by a bath and bandage. Boil vcd oak 
bark to a strong decoction, add some sharp vinegar and 
a little alum, let the parts be fomented twice a day, 
warm as the hand can be held in it ; then take a woollen 
cloth, dip it in the bath, and bind the ancle up, tight as 
possible, without giving pain to the horse. 

Should this method not succeed, after a thorough 
trial, the swelled or puffed parts may be opened with a 
sharp knife ; but blistering with flies is less dangerous, 
and generally attended with equal success. 

Wind galls give to a horse a gouty and clumsy 
appearance ; but I have never known lameness pro- 
duced by them, or any other injury, except that of 
stiffening his legs as he advances in years. They 
furnish strong proof that the animal has rendered much 
service. 



FARCV. 10f« 



FARCY. 



The farcy is a contagious disease among iiorses, 
and is more to be dreaded than any malady to which 
they are subject. 

It sometimes makes its appearance on a particular 
part, v'hile at other times it spreads its horrid ravages 
through the whole system. It may be found in the 
neighbourhood of each bloodvessel, following the track 
of the veins, and when inveterate, appears to thicken 
their coats and integuments. Its characteristics are a 
fulness and hardness of the veins, a number of small 
lumps or buds on the limbs or lower parts of the body, 
which at first appearance are hard, but soon turn into 
soft blisters, and which (when broken) discharge an 
oily or bloody ichor, and turn into foul, spreading 
ulcers. In some horses it appears in the head only, 
in others near the external jugular or plate veins, 
inside the fore arms, on the hind parts, near the large 
veins inside the thighs, about the pasterns, and parti- 
cularly about the knees of the horse, which are fre- 
quently swelled until they appear deformed. 

The poison of the farcy appears to be slow in its 
operation, as a horse will frequently linger and dwindle 
away for six or nine months, and the ulcers increase 
in number and size, until the flesh appears almost dis- 
posed to fall from the bones, before life is destroyed, 
The appetite of a horse thus diseased is generally good 
to the last, but his hair looks dead, and his eyes sad 
and desponding. 

The farcy, in its first stage, readily admits of a 
cure : but after running on a horse for a length oi time^ 



100 



FARCY. 



and tlie absorbents or lymphatics about the ulcers 
become inflamed from an absorption of poisonous mat- 
ter, the cure is rendered extremely diflicult. 

Whenever the farcy rises on the spine, it shows 
great malignancy, and is considered dangerous, parti- 
cularly to horses that are fat, and full of blood. Wher. 
it is general in the system, as is sometimes the case, 
it rises on several parts of the body at once, forming 
many large and foul ulcers, causing a profuse running 
of greenish corrupted matter from both nostrils, and 
soon terminates the existence of the animal by general 
mortification. 

In the low^er limbs the farcy sometimes remains 
concealed for a great length of time, and makes so 
slow a progress that it is often mistaken for a vv^ound, 
or some other disease. A single bud vv^ill sometimes 
appear opposite the pastern joint, and run upwards in 
an uneven and knotty form ; and unless some steps 
are taken to check its progress, it will slowly steal 
upon the animal until it becomes general in the sys- 
tem, and finally centres in the lungs ; shortly after 
which a gangrene ensues, and the horse is unburdened 
of a life that is not only painful to himself, but to all 
that behold him. 

To effect a cure in this distressing disease, in its 
first stage bleed three times the first week, taking half 
a gallon of blood at each bleeding, feed principally on 
bran, oats, or any food easily digested, and the long 
food green, (if to be had ;) remove all filth from or 
about the staole, taking care to keep it neat and clean 
afterwards ; give three mashes a week, of bran, scalded 
with sassafras tea, one table spoonful of powdered 
Drimstone, and one tea spoonful of saltpetre, (not per- 



FARCY. 107 

mitting the horse to drink for six hours afterwards,) 
take half an ounce of asafoetida, which can be pro- 
cured in any apothecary's shop; wrap it in a clean 
linen rag, and nail it in the bottom of the manger in 
which he is fed ; all his drink must be equal quantities 
of sassafras boiled in water to a strong decoction, and 
half an ounce of asafoetida should be placed in his 
watering bucket in the same manner as directed for 
the manger; the buds or ulcers should be washed once 
a day with blue-stone or copperas water, and if the 
knees or ancles are swelled, spread on a piece of buck- 
skin mercurial ointment, and bind them up as tight as 
possible without giving pain. 

The second week bleed twice, taking half a gallon of 
blood each bleeding, if the horse is in tolerable order ; 
or if poor, only half the quantity; give the same number 
of mashes as directed for the first week, also the same 
drink, taking care to renew the asafoetida in the man- 
ger and bucket, should it be sufficiently exhausted 
to require it. 

The third week bleed but once, taking one quart of 
blood ; in other respects observe the same treatment 
as directed for the first and second weeks. The horse 
should be moderately exercised about a mile, twice a 
day, and occasionally should be offered a little hom- 
mony, as a change of food, to keep up his appetite. 

By the time your attentions for the third week 
expire, if the disease is only local, it will not only be 
removed, but the plight of the horse will be much 
improved. 

When the farcy make its appearance epidemically, 
the cure is rendered difficult, and will require the aid 
of more active medicine. Prepare and give to a horse 



108 FARCY. 

thus diseased, a ball, every night for a week, com- 
posed of twenty-five grains of calomel, a quarter of an 
ounce of powdered fennel seed, a small quantity of 
syrup of any kind, and as much crumb of loaf bread 
as will make a ball about the size of an English 
walnut; all buds or ulcers should be washed clean in 
blue-stone water, after which they should be well 
rubbed around with mercurial ointment once a day ; a 
narrow pitch plaster should be laid on at the joining of 
the head and neck, in the direction of the throat latch, 
for the purpose of taking off the hair, which will happen 
in two or three days; after which, a lump of mercu- 
rial ointment, about the size of a hickory nut, must be 
rubbed on the naked part, amongst the large glands of 
the throat, until it is entirely absorbed, every night 
and morning, until the expiration of the week ; added 
to which, the treatment generally may be the same as 
before recommended in the more simple stage of the 
farcy, with these exceptions; — the drink should never 
be cold, but the air taken off, or milk warm ; the 
mashes without sulphur, during the week the balls are 
given, as the sulphur counteracts the effects of the 
calomel and ointment ; he should not be bled, and 
great care should be used to prevent his getting wet, 
and catching cold in any way while under the course 
of physic. 

At the expiration of the first week, stop with the 
balls and ointment for a week, adding sulphur to the 
mashes, as directed in the first stage of farcy. At 
the expiration of the second week, stop with the sulphur, 
and again commence with the balls and ointment. Go 
on in this manner, continuing to change the medicine 
each week, until the cure is performed. 



FARCY. ]09 

It may sometimes happen that a horse's mouth will 
become sore before the expiration of a week, when 
taking the balls and using the ointment. Whenever 
this is discovered, stop with the balls, and add sulphur 
to the mashes, which will readily remove the soreness 
about the mouth. 

The farcy is so contagious that it often destroys 
horses of every description upon a plantation, and 
leaves the plough of industry standing still in the far- 
mer's field. Not long since, a gentlemen in the county 
of Sussex, lost upwards of forty horses by this fatal 
disease, without being able to save one. For the 
Denefit of those who have more than one horse, I 
would recommend the use of asafoetida in the manger, 
watering bucket, and to the bridle bit, to prevent the 
farcy from dealing out destruction to their whole 
stock. I have made a fair experiment with this simple 
preventive, by placing a horse violently affected with it, 
and which fell a victim to it, in the same stable with 
one in health, without any ill consequences resulting 
from their contiguous situation. 

The farcy has visited several farms within the 
United States, with effects so dreadful, as not only te 
desti'oy every one of the species, without respect tc 
age, but even occupied in triumph the walks and 
resting places of its prey. Nor could the disease be 
diverted from its stand, or completely eradicated, until 
stables, shelters, pens, litter, straw, &;c. &c. were 
entirely consumed and reduced to ashes. 



1 10 RING BONE. — FOUNDER. 



RING BONE. 



The ring bone partakes of the nature of the spavin, 
and frequently proceeds fronn the same cause. It 
makes its appearance on the lower part of the pastern, 
and sometimes immediately opposite the coffin joint. 
It is a hard and bony substance, and generally reaches 
half way round the ancle, which gives to the ancle an 
unnatural appearance, and causes the horse to go stiff 
and lame. Its name has proceeded from its resem- 
blance to a ring. It seldom admits of a cure, conse- 
quently a horse diseased with it is worth but little. 

When the ring bone first makes its appearance, 
blisters of flies have sometimes been employed with 
success. But after growing to full size, and remaining 
some length of time, to offer a remedy would be de- 
ceitful and presumptuous. 

Remedy. — A strong preparation of corrosive subli- 
mate added to Spanish flies and Venice turpentine, 
and mixed with hog's lard, will often dissolve a ring 
bone, &c. 



FOUNDER. 

The injury sustained by horses, called founder, is 
sometimes the effect of the cruelty of his master, and 
at other times brought on by injudicious treatment ; 
but it most frequently produced by carelessness, or 



FOUNDER. Ill 

a want of knowledge of the treatment necessary to 
those excellent animals on a journey. 

Although the horse is endowed with the strength 
and powers of the lion, yet he seldom exerts either 
to the prejudice of his master. On the contrary, he 
shares with him in his labours, and seems to participate 
with him in his pleasures. Generous and persevering, 
he gives up his whole powers to the service of his 
master; and though bold and intrepid, he represses 
the natural fire and vivacity of his temper, and not only 
yields to the hand, but seems to consult the incUnation 
of his rider. 

But it must continue to be a matter of regret to every 
feeling mind, that these excellent qualities should be 
so often shamefully abused in the most unnecessary 
exertions ; and the honest lalxiurs of this noble animal 
thrown away in the ungrateful task of accomplishing 
the purposes of an unfeeling folly, or lavished in grati- 
fying the expectations of an intemperate moment. 

A horse may be foundered by excessive hard rides, 
permitting him to plunge deep into cold water, while 
hot and sweating, and drinking his fill of cold pond 
water, eating large quantities of new corn and fodder, 
and then briskly exercised ; over feeding with bran 
alone whilst performing hard labour, drinking plenti- 
fully at every branch in travelling, feeding with more 
than a horse can eat after being half starved, violent 
exercise on a full belly, or not permitting a horse who 
has travelled in a hot sun all day, to cool thoroughly, 
before he is given as much as he can eat, drink, &c. 

Symptoms of a Founder. — The symptoms that indi- 
cate an approaching founder, are so few and so 
common, that the most ignorant persons will rarely be 
11 



1 12 FOUNDER. 

mistaken. Great heat about the legs, pasterns, and 
ears, a soreness in the feet, together with a stiffness 
so great in all his limbs that the animal frequently 
refuses to move, unless force is used ; his flanks and 
lower part of his belly draws up, his hide becomes 
bound or tight, his legs thrown a little more forward 
than in his usual or natural position ; a constant thirst, 
and very often a considerable swelling of the ancles, 
&c. &c. 

Remedy for a Founder. — So soon as you are con- 
vinced that your horse is foundered, take Irom his 
neck vein at least one gallon of blood ; give a drench 
of one quart strong sassafras tea, one table spoonful of 
saltpetre, and a quarter of an ounce of asafoetida, 
and do not permit him to drink for five or six hours ; at 
the expiration of which time, should he not be evidently 
better, repeat the bleeding, taking half a gallon of 
blood, and give another drench: at night offer him 
some bran or oats, scalded with sassafras tea, and if it 
can be procured, let him have green food, fresh from 
the field, for it has the happy effect of opening the 
bowels, and cooling the system : his feet should be 
nicely cleaned out, and stuffed with fresh cow manure: 
his drink should be at least one half sassafras tea, with 
a small handful of salt thrown therein. 

By the morning, should the horse be better, nothing 
further is necessary, only being careful not to over 
feed him. But should there be no change for the 
better, tie a small cord just above his knees, and with a 
lancet or fleam bleed in a vein that runs around the 
coronet, just above the hoof; take from each leg a 
pint of blood: give a pound of salts dissolved in three 
half pints of water, in form of a drench ; keep his feet 
stuffed with fresh cow manure, and bathe his legs with 



COLIC OR GRIPES. 1 J 3 

equal parts of sharp vinegar, spirits and sweet oi! or 
lard. By attention to these directions, in two or three 
days the horse will again be fit for service. 

A horse in this unpleasant situation requires great 
attention. Whenever they are foundered, they search 
for a bank of manure to stand on, which should al- 
ways be prevented, as its heat increases the fever. 

Horses slightly foundered, have sometimes been 
cured in a few hours, by standing them in pond water 
or mud, or by bleeding in the mouth, but those reme- 
dies are uncertain, and are not so much to be relied 
on as those first recommended. 

A foundered horse is generally very much reduced 
in flesh, before a cure is effected ; and is always more 
subject to founder afterwards. 

Large ridges on the hoofs, or a turning up of the 
feet, are strong indications of old founders or other 
injuries. 



»@e« 



COLIC OR GRIPES. 

The colic is a disease to which the horse is very 
subject ; and as often proves fatal, in consequence of 
improper treatment, as any disease attendant on that 
animal. 

It may be produced by improper feeding, watering, 
or riding, and sometimes by a want of energy in the 
stomach and bowels, occasioning a spasmodic con* 
striction of the intestines, and a confiinement of air. 
Some horses are naturally disposed to colic, while 



I 14 COLIC OR GRIPES. 

olhors, even with improper treatment, are seldom or 
never attacked with that dangerous disease. 

Tile pangs of the colic appear so excruciating, and 
all the symptoms so violent, as to alarm, generally, 
those unaccustomed to it, and cause them to be appre- 
hensive of dangerous consequences ; but by using the 
remedies I shall here offer, the cure will be made easy, 
and the animal speedily relieved from this painful 
situation. 

Symptoms. — The symptoms of the colic commence 
with great restlessness and uneasiness in the horse's 
manner of standing, frequently pawing, voids small 
quantities of excrement, and makes many fruitless 
attempts to stale : kicks his belly with his hind legs : 
often looks round to his flanks, groaning, expressive of 
the pain he feels : lies down, rolls, gets up again, and 
sometimes for a moment, appears to find relief. But 
the pain soon returns with double violence : his ears 
are generally cold, and he often sweats about the 
flanks and shoulders : his body swelled, and he fre- 
quently shows a disposition to lay down in great haste. 

A Table for distinguishing between the Colic or Gripes, and in- 
finmmation of the Bowels of Horses, by the symptoms that mark 
the character of each. 

Spasmodic or Flatulent Colic. Inflammation of the Boicels. 

1. Pulse natural, though some- 1. Pulse very quick and small, 
limes a little lower. (1) (2) 

2. The horse lies down and 2. He lies down and suddenly 
rolls upon his back. rises up again, seldom rolling 

upon his back. 

3. The legs and ears are gene- 3. Legs and cars generally 
rally warm. cold. 

4. Attacks suddenly, is never 4. In general, attacks gradual, 
ereceded, and seldom accompa- ly, is commonly preceded, and 
luei by any symptoms of fever, always accompanied by symp- 
toms of fever. 

5. There are frequently short 5. No intermissions can Ve ob. 
intermissions served. 



COiiiC OR GRIPES. I'l^S 

(1) Pulse Natural. — When in health, the pulsa- 
tions or strokes are from thirty-six to forty in a 
minute ; those of large, heavy horses being slower than 
those of the smaller; and those of old ones, slower 
than those of young animals. When either are just off 
a quick pace, the strokes increase in number; as they 
do if he be alarmed or animated, by the familiar cry 
of the hounds. 

(2) Pulse very quick and small. — Fever, if the simple 
or common kind, usually increases the pulsations ~to 
double the healthy number. As the fever increases in 
violence, and particularly in cases of inflammation of 
the bowels, the pulse beats still higher, and reaches to 
a hundred in a minute, or more. To ascertain either 
state, the attendant should apply the points of his fingers 
gently to the artery which lies nearest the surface. 
Some prefer consulting the temporal artery, which is 
situated about an inch and a half backward from the 
corner of the eye. Others again, and they are the 
greater number, think it best to feel it underneath the 
edge of the jaw bone, where the facial artery passes on 
under the skin only to the side of the face. In either 
case, too great pressure would stop the pulsation 
altogether ; though by so trying the artery against the 
law bone, will prove whether it be in such a rigid state 
of excitement as attends high fever; or elastic and 
springy, slipping readily from under the finger, as it does 
when health prevails, and the strokes follow each other 
regularly. The presence of high ferer is further indi- 
cated by a kind of twang, or vibration, given by the 
pulse against the finger points, resembling much such 
as would be felt were we to take hold of a distended 
whip cord or wire between the fingers and cause it 
to vibrate like a fiddlestring, sharplv Whereas, in 

U* 



116 COLIC OR GRIPES. 

health, a swell is feU in the vibration, as if the string were 
made of soft materials, and less straitened. Languid 
or slow piJse, and scarcely perceptible in some of the 
beats or strokes, indicates lowncss of spirits, debility, 
or being used up : if this languor be felt at intervals 
only, a few strokes being very quick, and then again a 
few very slow, this indicates loxvfever,'\\\ which bleeding 
would do no harm, &c. — [^1. Turf. R. ^ S. ^lag.l 

Remedies. — Number 1. Take from the neck vein 
half a gallon of blood ; take of laudanum one ounce, oi 
mint tea one quart, milk warm ; mix them well in a 
bottle, and give the contents as a di-ench ; let the Iiorse 
be well rubbed under the belly, and prepare and give 
an injection of meal, water, molasses, salt, and hog's 
lard, milk warm. 

Number 2. Take of mint tea one and a half pints ; 
gin, or any spirituous liquor, half a pint ; mix liiem 
well in a bottle, and give them as a drench, taking care 
to rub him well. Should it not have the desired effect 
in fifteen minutes, repeat the dose. 

Number 3. Take of camphor a quarter of an ounce 
oil of turpentine half an ounce, mint tea one pint ; mi? 
them in a bottle, and give them as a drench. Confine 
the horse in a close stable, cover him with three or 
four blankets, and under his belly place a large tub of 
boiling water, which will readily throw him into a 
profuse sweat, and relieve him from pain. 

Nzimbei' i. In addition to the above, clysters ought 
to be administered, by injecting the following ingre- 
dients, viz. : water half a gallon, salt one handful, oil 
of any kind one pint, molasses one pint; mix the whole, 
and inject it; and repeat it every half hour, until die 
bowels are well opened. 



SCRATCHES. 117 



SCRATCHES. 

The scratches is a disease "which soon places a 
horse in such a situation as to render him unfit for any 
kind of service. When it is permitted to run upon a 
horse for a length of time, without any remedy bemg 
applied, the ankles and legs swell very much, and 
lameness is produced in so great a degree, that he is 
scarcely able to move. 

The scratches are produced from many dilTerent 
causes, as hard riding, dirty stables, legs left wet at 
night without being rubbed, standing in his own ma- 
nure or mud, in the stall where he is confined, &c. 
&c. Although much inflammation may appear, and 
the disease discover much inveteracy, the cure is not 
difljcult. 

IIemedies. — Number 1. — Remove the horse to a 
clean stall : with strong soap suds wash his legs and 
ankles nicely; clean out his feet; then wash every 
part, inflamed or sore, in strong copperas water, twice 
a day, until the cure is performed : take half a gallon 
of blood from the neck vein, and give a mash twice a 
week, of one gallon of bran, one tea spoonful of salt- 
petre, and one table spoonful of powdered brimstone. 
Great attention should be paid to the cleanliness of the 
stable. 

Number 2. After the horse is placed in a clean 
stall and his legs and ankles nicely washed with warm 
soap suds, take of blue-stone, one ounce ; of alum, 
four ounces, to which add half a gallon of strong de- 
coction of red oak bark, siir them together until the 
alum and blue-stone are dissolved ; then wash the 
cracks, sores, or inflamed parts, twice a day, and the 



J 18 noTf5 on ortihs. 

cure will be ofToctod in a very sliort time. Light or 
I'Tocii food would bo preferable to any other, for a 
horsv^ tiius diseased, until the (uu'C is performed. 

A'^/a/iber 3. After washing the legs and ankles clean 
wilh soap suds, talu^ of llower of sulpluu' or powdered 
brinisione, one tal)le spoonl"ul ; hog's lard, one table 
spoonful; mix them well together, and anoint the sores 
and parts inflamed twice a day. A horse will get 
Will much sooner conlined in a clean stall, than by 
running at large. 

A'^i/mhcr •!. Boil jioke-rtjot to a strong decoction, 
and l)alhe the ankles twice a day. In all cases a clean 
stable will aid you much in making a (]uick cure of the 
scratches. 



BOTS OR CRUBS. 

The bots or grubs arc small worms that arc found 
in the stomach ; their colour is brown or reddish, and 
they seldom exceed three quarters of an inch in length. 
At one extremity they have two small hooks, by 
which they attach themselves, and the belly appears to 
be covered with very small feet. They arc most fre- 
quently found adhering to the insensible coat of the 
stomach, and then they do not appear to cause any 
considerable uneasiness or inconvenience. Sometimes 
however, they attach themselves to the sensible part, 
and do great injury to that important organ, jiroducing 
irritation, emaciation, a rough coat of hair, iiide bound 
and cough. It is astonishing with what force these 
worms adhere, and how tenmcious they are of life. 



HOTS OR GRUBS, 1 Jj-U 

It is provcil l)(!yoii(l doubt, by experiments inada, 
that this vvonn, like the caterpilhir, uiiderifoes several 
chan,i:fes. ]t is oiiifiiially a 11}', which deposits its 
e;L^gs in the horse's coat, causes an itehiiit^r, and induces 
him to bit(; the part. In this way he swallows the 
eggs, wliitdi by ihe h(;at of the stomach are brought 
into life, and are sometimes so luanerous as to cat 
their way entirely through the stomach and destroy 
the animal. Indeed they seldom fail to atta(;k a hoise 
with great violence, whenever his stomach is empty, 
and endanger his life. 

Numberless experiments have been made upon the 
grubs, after they have been taken from a horse that 
had died, to discover what medicine would soonest 
destroy their lives, that could be safely given. But all 
endeavours as yet upon that subject, have been fruit- 
less. It appears that they will live in any njcdicino 
that can be given to a horse, nearly as long as they 
can live without eating. All the benefit that results 
from experience on this subject, to me, merely serves 
to break the hold and expel those dangerous worms, 
when they are so mischievously engaged. 

After describing the symptoms attending the grubs, 
I shall offer some remedies which have saved the lives 
of many horses. 

Sj/mptoms. — A horse attacked by the grubs, fre- 
quently lies down and looks round to his shoulders, 
groans, whips his tail between his hind legs, frequently 
turns up his upper li]), and has a very hot lever, which 
may be discovered by feeling his ears. 

Remedies. — No. 1. Take of copperas two table 
spoonfuls; water milk warm, one pint; dissolve the 



120 DOTS OR GRUBS. 

cdppcrn?, and give it as a drench. If the horse is not 
relieved in fifteen minutes, repeat the dose. 

No. 2. TaivO of linseed or sturgeon's oil, one pint, 
and give it as a drench. If the horse is not relieved 
in fifteen minutes, repeat the dose. 

No. 3. Take of molasses, one pint ; milk, one pint : 
give it as a drench, and repeat the dose. 

No. 4. Take of fresh meat of any kind (raw) half 
a pound, cut it into four or five pieces, and force it 
down the horse's throat; it will immediately induce 
the m-ubs to break their hold. 

No. 5. Take two ounces of iEthiop's mineral and 
give it to your horse in his feed, and in a day or two 
afterwai'ds give him a purge ; then you may give him 
a decoction of bitter herbs, to prevent their return. 

No. G. Give your horse (after taking molasses and 
milk) a quart or two of fish or beef brine, as a drench. 
From recent experiments, salt appears to have the 
property of killing worms : tiiese insects placed in a 
solution of this substance die immediately. 

No. 7. Drench the horse with half an ounce of salt- 
petre dissoked in common water, and in about fifteen 
minutes drench with half an ounce of alum dissolved 
in like manner. Let the horse have no water for 
twentj^-four hours after. 

An active purge will be absolutely necessary nnme- 
diately after the use of either of the above remedies. 
One pint of soft soap added to a pint of molasses, 
with a handful of salt, will answer very well. Re- 
peat the dose, should it not operate in four or five 
nours. 



HOOKS OR HAWS. 181 



HOOKS OR HAWS. 

The hooks or haws in a horse, is the growing of a 
horny substance upon the inner edge of the washer oi 
caruncle of the eye, which may be found in the inner 
corner next to tiie nose. When this disease makes its 
appearance, the washer or caruncle is enlarged with 
great rapidity, and the ligament that runs along the 
edge of this membrane, becomes extremely hard, or 
like a cartilage, and whenever it arises to this state, 
it draws, compi'esses, and causes great pain to the eyes, 
produces a tightness of the skin, a stifiiiess of the hind 
legs, and finally a general spasmodic affection through- 
out the whole system. 

As the eyes of a horse are often inflamed, and some- 
times diseased, without their having the hooks, for 
the purpose of ascertaining the fact, take hold of the 
bridlf, and raise the horse's head as high as you can 
wiili convenience reach: if he i.s diseased with the 
hooks, tlio washer or carunck; ol llic tye, while his 
head is raised up, will covei it knst one Iialf the 
surfu e of the eye ball. When this is the case, lake a 
common sized needle with a strong thread, place on 
the horse's nose a twitcli, to prevent his moving; then 
take in your thumb and finger the washer or caruncle 
of the eye, and pass the needle through it about a 
quarter of an inch from the outer edge, and inside the 
liuniy substance; draw it gently with the needle and 
thread, until you have a fair chance of performing the 
operation; then with a sharp knife cut the piece out, 
taken uj> with the needle, which must not be larger 
than one fuui'th the size of a four pence half penny ; 



1 22 " HOOKS OR HAWS. 

wash the eyes for two or three mornings with salt aud 
water, bathe his legs up to his belly in equal parts of 
warm vinegar, spirit and oil, or fresh butter, and give 
a mash of one and a half gallons of bran or oats, one 
table spoonful floui of sulphur, one tea spoonful salt- 
petre, and the cure will be performed in all probability 
in four or five days. 

Great care should be taken not to cut too large a 
piece from the caruncle, as it disfigures the eyes, and 
sometimes produces blindness. 

ON CUTTING OUT HOOKS OR HAWS. 

"Before I was acquainted with this subject, two 
years ago, I had two fine young horses sacrificed to 
this mistaken and ruinous operation. Ignorant quacks 
do not know that the horse has a membrane peculiar 
to the animal, which is at pleasure drawn over the 
eye. The enlargement of this, by a fever, produces 
the appearance, which, in jockey slang, is called the 
hooks. Reduce the fever by depletion, such as bleed- 
ing plentifully, purging, &c. and have the horse well 
rubbed, and the hooks will disappear ; that is, the 
membrane is restored to its natural size and office, 
which is to clear the eye from dust, &c. accidentally 
entering it. I need not mention the cutting out of 
(his useful membrane unnecessary, as I have proved 
the uselessness of this operation, by restoring a horse 
without It a few days ago. 

W. V. MUKf^AY" 



STRANGLES. 15^3 

STRANGLES. 

The strangles is a disease to which horses are \ cry 
subject, particularly those that are young. It consists 
in a running at the nose, and an inflammation and 
swelling of the glands, about the under jaw and throat. 
It is sometimes attended with high fevers, destroys the 
appetite, causes a horse to look sad and dejected, and 
dwindle away in an astonishing manner. Sometimes 
the inflammation extends to the muscles of the tongue, 
and is attended with so much heat and pain, that until 
matter is found, the horse swallows with the utmost 
difficulty, unless his drink is held up to him. 

The strangles proceed from many causes, violent 
colds, sudden changes of air or climate, extreme hard 
labour after habits of idleness, shedding teeth, or what- 
ever may produce pain, or bring on a flux of humours 
at any critical time upon the throat and jaws, and like 
most other diseases, requires strict attention, for the 
cure to be performed in a short time. 

Symptoms of the Strangles. — The approach of the 
strangles may be known by a dulness of the counte- 
nance, watery eyes, a distressing cough, running at the 
nose, glands enlarged beyond the jaws, loss of appetite, 
and a constant thirst, without being able to drink, 
unless the water is placed as high as his head, in its 
natural position. 

Remedy. — Bleed four times within a wxek, taking 
from the neck vein half a gallon of blood at each bleed- 
ing; give a mash twice a week, of one gallon of bran 
or oats, scalded with one quart of sassafras tea, with 
the addition of one table spoonful of powdered brim 
12 



124 STONE OR GRAVEL. 

Stone, and one tea spoonful of saltpetre. Take of 
asafoetida half an ounce, divide it, placing one half in 
his manger, the other in his watering bucket. Feed 
principally with green food, if to be had, if not, such as 
is light, cooling, and easily digested. 



-»t«@e'K— 



STONE OR GRAVEL IN THE BLADDER. 

Fortunately the stone is a disease not very com- 
mon amongst horses ; but whenever it makes its appear- 
ance, unless some remedy is immediately employed, 
'.ts consequences are to be much dreaded. It consists 
in small gravel or stones being lodged in the bladder, 
which prevents a free discharge of urine, and produces 
the most excruciating pain. The horse will Unger 
and pine away, until he can scarcely support the burden 
of hfe. 

As the stone is a disease which has but seldom, if 
ever, struck the attention of farriers, I consider myself 
fortunate in being able to offer to the public a simple 
remedy, which has been employed with astonishing 
success by a gentleman in a neighbouring county. In 
one case, when the following remedy was used, three 
.stones and a quantity of grit was discharged from the 
bladder. 

Symptoms. — Frequent stretching, groaning, and 
many fruitless attempts to pass water, which will finally 
be discharged by a few drops at a time, with great 
apparent pain, a shrinking of the flesh, although the 
appetite is good, no fever, but a dull, sluggish, and 
sleepy appearance, wanting much in his usual spirits. 



YELLOW WATER. 125 

Remedy. — Take of marsh-mallows, water melon 
seed, and asparagus, of each two large handfuls, boil 
them in three quarts of water to one quart, and add 
one tea spoonful of saltpetre, and give the whole as a 
drench, after being nicely strained. 

Take of sweet oil or fresh butter one table spoonful, 
grease his sheath, and draw out gently and grease 
his penis, also grease the large seam from the penis up 
near the anus ; and with the hand, bearing a little, 
stroke the seam downwards to the end of the penis, 
for ten minutes every hour, until the horse has a 
urinary discharge ; which, in all probability, will take 
place in one or two hours after taking the drench. 
Should some blood be passed, it may be no cause of 
alarm, and will clearly prove there is gravel in the 
urinary passages. Repeat the drench in three hours, 
should the desired effect not be produced. 



— •»« m 9«— 



YELLOW WATER. 

The yellow water is very common in the western 
country among horses ; and being infectious, is some- 
times brought into this state by drove horses. It is 
extremely fatal in its consequences, unless some remedy 
is employed shortly after it makes its appearance. 
For the benefit of the public, I consider myself fortunate 
to be able to recommend such medicines for its cure 
as have been fairly tried, by a gentleman of Brunswick, 
and proved effectual. 



126 INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 

Symptoms of Yellow Water. — The characteristics 
of this disease, are a dusky yellowness of the eyes, 
lips, and bars of the mouth; a dull, sluggish, appear- 
ance ; a loss of appetite ; the excrement hard, dry, 
yellow, and sometimes of a pale or light green ; the 
urine uncommonly dark, of a dirty brown colour, and 
when discharged a length of time, has the appearance 
of blood. 

Remedy. — Take of asafcetida one ounce; campho- 
rated spirits, four table spoonfuls ; warm water one 
pint; mix and give them as a drench, for three or four 
mornings successively. Take of bran one and a hall 
gallons, flour of sulphur one table spoonful, antimony 
twenty grains, saltpetre twenty grains ; mix them well 
together, and, with a strong decoction of sassafras, 
scald the bran, forming a mash, which must be given 
three nights in a week, not permitting the horse to 
get wet, or drink water, except it is milk warm. His 
stable should be a comfortable one, and he should have 
a clean bed of straw placed under him. Bleed twice 
in the neck vein, taking half a gallon of blood at each 
bleeding, within the week; let his exercise be regular 
and moderate, and by the expiration of nine or ten days, 
the cure, in all probability, will be performed. 



te^e*' 



TO PREVENT INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 

As most diseases that are infectious endanger the 
life of a horse, I consider it important to every owner 
of those useful animals, to be able to use a medicine 
that W'll act against or prevent those diseases that are 



INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 127 

contagious. 1 have been in the habit of owning from 
one to eight horses at a time, for fifteen years, and in 
all that time never lost a horse. I cannot help believ- 
ing my success, in this respect, has been much in- 
debted to the constant use of the asafoetida, which 1 
consider one of the most valuable and innocent medi- 
cines ever used amongst horses. It not only drives off 
diseases of almost every kind, but it keeps up the 
appetite, produces a remarkable fineness in the coat ot 
hair, and gives such life and spirits as to induce even 
an old horse to attempt the attitudes and movements 
of the gay and mettled racer. 

The value of the asafoetida is at present but little 
known for the use of horses; but whenever it shall have 
been used or brought into notice, its remarkable effects, 
no doubt, will prove what I now say. Its virtues are 
acknowledged and remembered with pleasure, by all 
those who have used it in their stables. 

The asafoetida is produced from a plant called 
perennial, and is a native of Persia: it has, however, 
borne fertile seeds, in the open air, in the botanical 
garden of Edinburgh. The gum resin is produced 
from the roots of plants which are at least four years 
old. When the leaves begin to decay, the stalk i". 
twisted off and the earth removed from about thei? 
large tapering roots. The top of the root is some time 
afterwards cut ofT transversely, and forty-eight hours 
afterwards the juice which has exuded, is scraped off, 
and a second transverse incision is made : this opera- 
tion is repeated until the root is entirely exhausted of 
juice: after being scraped off, the juice is exposed to the 
sun to harden. It is brought to us in large irregular 
masses, composed of various little shining lumps or 
grains, which are partly of a whitish colour, partly red- 
12* 



128 INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 

dish, and partly of a violet hue; those masses are 
accounted best which are clear, or a pale reddish co- 
lour, and variegated with a number of elegant white 
tears. This drug has a strong fetid smell, somewhat 
like that of the garlic, and a bitter acid, biting taste. The 
smell resides entirely in the essential oil, which arises in 
distillation. It is the most powerful of all the fetid 
gums, and is a most valuable medicine. It acts as a 
stimulant, anti-spasmodic, expectorant, emmenagogue, 
and anthelmintic, and its action is quick and pene- 
trating. 

When a small piece of the asafcetida has been placed 
in the manger of a horse in health, I have known him 
to stand for months in a stall next to one violently 
diseased without taking the infection, or any ill con- 
sequence resulting from their contiguous situation. 

Preventive. — Take of asafoetida, one ounce, divide 
it and wrap each piece in a clean linen rag; nail one in 
the bottom of the manger the horse is fed in, the other 
in the bottom of the bucket in which he is watered. 
The above quantity will last about three months ; at 
the expiration of which time it must be replenished. 

A small piece confined to the bridle bit, will have 
the same effect when a horse goes from home, or enters 
on a journey. 



»@e« 



GRAVEL IN THE HOOFS. 

The gravel in the hoof is an incident that happens 
to horses in travelling, and is brought on by small 
stones or grit getting between the hoof and shoe, set- 
tUng to the quick, and then inflame and fester ; it pro- 



WOUNDS. 129 

duces lameness and causes a horse to undergo very 
excruciating pain. The first step necessary for a 
horse's reUef is, to have his shoes taken off and get 
the stone out. You may readily ascertain where they 
lie, by pressing the edge of the hoof with a pair of 
pincers. After all the gravel is removed, which may 
be known by a discontinuation of the blackness of the 
place, the wound caused by cutting for the gravel may 
be easily healed by melting together equal parts of 
bees- wax, rosin, fresh butter or sweet oil, and pouring 
the mixture on the wound, warm as the animal can 
bear it, without giving pain. Then warm a little tar 
or pitch, and pour a small quantity over the wound 
and its neighbouring parts, to keep out the dust and 
defend the foot from any hard substance for a few 
days, by which time it will get well. 



-me@e« 



WOUNDS. 

A WOUND is generally defined a separation of the 
parts in any member of the animal body by some 
instrument. In all fresh wounds made by cutting 
instruments, there is nothing more required than bring- 
ing the lips of the wound into contact, by sewing a 
bandage, provided the part will allow of it. For 
wounds of the hips, or other prominent parts, and 
across some of the large muscles, the stitches are apt 
to burst by the horse's lying down and getting up in 
the stall. In such cases the lips of the wound should 
not be brought close together — one stitch is enough 



1 30 WOUNBS. 

for a wound two inches long, but in large wounds 
ihey should be an inch or more apart. 

Should the wound bleed much from an artery's 
being divided, it will be necessary to secure it by pas- 
sing a crooked needle underneath, and tying it with a 
waxed thread ; but if the artery cannot be got at in 
this way, apply a small quantity of flour and salt to 
the mouth of the bleeding vessel, which will very soon 
have the desired effect. Care should be taken to keep 
it there, by proper compress or bandage, until a scar, 
scab, or crust is formed, otherwise it will elude your 
expectations, and frequently alarm you with fresh 
bleedings. After the lips of the wound are brought 
together, by this needle or bandage, it needs only to 
be covered with rags, dipped in spirits of any kind, or 
spirits of turpentine, and a little lint placed lightly 
within the edges of the wound, taking great care to 
keep it entirely clean, with strong soap suds, and as 
free from motion as possible. Whenever a wound be- 
comes much swelled or inflamed, or discovers marks 
of mortification, frequent bleedings and the applica- 
tion of a red oak poultice or mush, will have a won- 
derful effect. Should the wound be disposed to heal 
very rapidly, and turn out what is termed proud 
flesh, by washing it with a little blue-stone water, it 
will, in a very short time, shut in, and the wound 
entirely heal. 

The cure of most wounds is effected by the simplest 
methods, and it is often of much more consequence 
to know how to dress a wound, than what to dress it 
with, and in this consists the chief art of this branch 
of surgery ; for the most eminent in that profession 
have long discovered that a variety of ointments, 
valves, and grease, are unnecessary in the cures of 
most wounds and sores, and they have accordingly 



WOUNDS. 131 

discarded the greatest part formerly in repute for that 
purpose ; repeated observations having taught them, 
that after digestion, or after heahhy matter is formed, 
nature is disposed to heal up the w^ound fast enougii 
herself. Some respect should be paid to the diet of 
a horse, as bran, oats, and green food keep the 
bowels open, and are free from that heat which the 
use of corn and fodder will produce in the system. I 
will here offer a few more simples that have proved 
beneficial in the cure of wounds, sores, &c. 

The first operation necessary in all sores, wounds, 
&c. about a horse is, to remove all dirt, matter or 
extraneous bodies, with strong soap suds, after which, 

No. 1. Take of spirits, half a pint ; alum, one 
ounce ; honey, one gill ; mix them well togethei', and 
wash the wound night and morning. 

No, 2. Take of copperas, two ounces ; clean water, 
one quart ; wash the wound or sore twice a day. 

No. 3. Take of sugar of lead, a quarter of an ounce ; 
fair water, one quart ; use it twice a day. 

No. 4. Take spirits of turpentine and wet the wound 
once a day. 

No. 5. Take of blue-stone, a quarter of an ounce ; 
fair water, one quart ; wash the wound every morning. 

Punctured wounds, from thorns or other accidents, 
are generally of the most painful kind, and require 
great attention ; a bread and milk poultice, or a mush 
made by boiling red oak bark to a strong decoction, 
beating the bark very fine and throwing in as much 
corn meal as will make it of proper consistency, 
should be applied until healthy matter appears, to 
gether with fomentations : after which, to effect a 
speedy cure, use any of the above remedies recom- 
mended. 



132 BRUISES, 

y 

Wounds in the feet, from shoeing, nails, thorns, or 
other accidents, are generally attended with mu".h 
trouble, and are often productive of very fatal conse- 
([uences when neglected. Such wounds should have 
old dirt, grit, &c. carefully removed with warm greasy 
water ; after which, take of bees-wax, tar, and sweet 
oil, equal parts ; stew them well together, and fill the 
wound, hot as the horse can bear it without expe- 
riencing pain ; then pour on a little warm pitch, to 
prevent grit and dirt getting to the wound, and to pro- 
tect the foot, while sore and tender, from the hard 
ground. 



BRUISES. 



Bruises proceed from external injury, and when 
00 remedy is employed, are sometimes attended with 
violent inflammation, and after bursting and discharg 
ing large quantities of matter, of a dark red colour 
and extremely offensive smell, often terminate in a 
mortification, which soon puts a period to the life of 
the animal. 

Take of vinegar, one quart; laudanum, half an ounce ; 
sugar of lead, quarter of an ounce ; mix them well 
together, and apply it to the bruise three or four times 
a day ; if the part bruised will admit of it, apply a 
flannel doubled and wet with the mixture, which will 
be the means of keeping the bruise continually moist. 
If by this method the swelling does not subside, apply 



STRAINS. 133 

a poultice made of a strong decoction of red oak bark 
and meal, once a day, until the swelling abates ; but 
in bruises that cannot, by these means, be dispersed, 
and by pressing with the finger you discover that mat- 
ter is formed, then the shortest way is, to open the skin 
and allow the bruise to discharge its contents : after 
which it will heal in a very short time, by keepnig 
it entirely clean with soap suds alone. But after dis- 
charging the matter, if the wound should appear rotten 
and of dark colour, indicating mortification, togethe. 
with any very considei'able inflammation, bleed plen- 
tifully ; feed on bran, oats, long green food, or light 
food of any kind, and again apply the red oak poul- 
tice, which will very soon cure the inflammation, 
cleanse and alter the appearance of the wound. After 
which, any of the simples recommended for wounds, 
may be employed in speedily healing. 



-m«ffi9<«.— 



STRAINS. 

Strains, in whatever part of the horse, either pro- 
duced from running, slips, blows, or hard riding, are 
the relaxing, over-stretching or breaking ihe muscles 
or tendinous fibres. A strain, unless uncommonly 
bad, may be cured in a short time, by applying the 
following remedies : 

Number 1. Take of sharp vinegar, one pint; spirit, 
of any kind, half a pint; camphor, one ounce; mix 
ihem well together and bathe the part injured twice a 



134 STAGGERS. 

day; a piece of flannel wet with the mixture and wrap- 
ped around the part, will be very beneficial ; take from 
the neck vein half a gallon of blood. 

No. 2. Take of opodeldoc (which can be procured 
from any apothecary's shop) a piece the size of a mar- 
ble, and rub it on the strained part with the naked 
hand until the hand becomes dry, twice a day : should 
the injured part resist both these remedies, you may 
conclude the injury is a very serious one, which 
nothing but time can relieve, and the horse must be 
turned out upon grass a sufficient length of time for 
nature herself to perform the great operation. 



STAGGERS. 

The staggers is a very common as well as a very 
fatal disease among horses of all ages: though young 
horses are more subject to it than those advanced in 
years. 

Many various opinions have been offered to the 
public, and some with much confidence, relative to the 
origin and seat of this disease. But few, if any, as 
yet, have investigated the subject with correctness. 

The staggers, in my opinion, are produced by per- 
mitting a horse to feed on grass in the spring and fall, 
late at night and early in the morning; for early in 
the morning and late in the evening, the fields and 
pastures are covered with a poisonous web, which is 
spun and spread upon the grass by a small spider. So 
rapidly, so industriously does this little insect work, 



STAGGERS. 135 

that in the space of one night, not a blade or spire of 
grass has been left untouched. This web, catching the 
dew-drops on its bosom, causes the fields in the morn- 
ing to glisten and sparkle as if covered with a thin 
sheet of ice. A horse that feeds upon a pasture in 
this situation must, of course, collect large quantities 
of this web and dew, and very often the spider itself. 
They act upon the horse, producing delirium, giddi- 
ness, apoplexy, and sometimes death. The lungs 
appear to be the principal seat of this disease ; for in 
cases of dissection they have been found much en- 
larged, and covered with large brown spots ; smell 
very offensively, and have some appearance of moi 
tification. 

The large quantity of poison taken into the stomach 
acts upon its nerves, and the sympathy that exists be- 
tween that organ and the large nerves of the head, 
accounts for the dull, giddy, and dejected countenance 
of the animal, and has induced many to believe the 
staggers was confined to that part alone. The poison 
is then removed from the stomach by the activity of 
the lymphatic and absorbent vessels, thrown into the 
circulation of the blood, diffused over every part of the 
system, and finally carried by the arteries into the 
lungs, through which all the blood in the body of a 
horse passes many times in an hour, and undergoes a 
change. Sometimes a determination of blood to the 
head takes place, which generally ends fatally, pro- 
ducing a furious delirium, the horse throwing himself 
about with great violence, making it dangerous for any 
person to venture near him. 

Symptoms. — The symptoms of the staggers are a 

drowsiness, eyes inflamed, half shut, and full of tears, 

the appetite bad, the disposition to sleep gradually 

increased, feebleness, a continual hanging of the head 

13 



136 STAGGERS. 

or resting it on the manger, rearing, falling, and lying 
in a state of insensibility, walking a small circle for a 
considerable length of time, the ears hot, with a burn- 
ing fever, &c. &c. &c. 

Remedy. — Take from the neck vein half a gallon 
of blood, three times in a week ; take of sassafras tea, 
three half pints ; plantain juice, half a pint ; asafoeti- 
da, half an ounce ; saltpetre, one tea spoonful ; mix 
and give them as a drench three mornings in a week ; 
give an injection composed of one pint of meal, two 
quarts of water, one quart of molasses and one spoon- 
ful of hog's lard ; let the horse be moderately exer- 
cised, and whenever he is standing should be well 
rubbed ; give a mash twice a week, composed of one 
gallon of bran, one table spoonful of sulphur, one tea 
spoonful of saltpetre, one quart of boiling sassafras 
tea, and a eighth of an ounce of asafoetida, not per- 
miting the horse to drink cold water for six hours 
afterwards. Should he be much mended by this treat- 
ment, nothing more will be necessary, except feeding 
him on bran, or light food of any kind ; but should he 
appear to receive no benefit from these attentions, in 
four or five days, take of calomel, twenty-five grains ; 
of opium, two drachms; camphor, two drachms; 
powdered fennel-seed, one drachm ; of syrup, of any 
kind, a sufficient quantity to make the ingredients into 
a ball, which may be given every morning for four or 
five days, by which time the horse will get well il 
his disease will admit of a cure. 

Horses that are confined in a stable never have the 
staggers ; consequently it would be advisable for 
every person, whose situation will admit of it, to con- 
fine their horses, particularly at night, during the 
spring and fall months. 



MANGE HIDE BOUND. 187 



MANGE. 

The mange in horses is a disease of the skin, which 
U generally rough, thick, and full of wrinkles, espe- 
ciilly about the mane, tail, and thighs, and the little 
hair that remains on these parts stands up very much 
like bristles. 

The ears and eye-brows are sometimes attacked, 
and in a short time are left quite naked. The mange 
/s an infectious disease : indeed so much so, that if a 
horse is carried into a stable where one that is mangy 
has been in the habit of standing, he will be almost 
certain to take the infection, unless the litter has been 
removed and the stable properly cleansed and aired. 
Proper attention will make the cure easy. 

Remedy. — Take of powdered brimstone and hog's 
lard an equal quantity, mix them well together and 
anoint the part affected twice a day, bleed plentifully 
and'give two or three mashes (composed of bran, sul- 
phor, saltpetre, and sassafras) within a week, by which 
time a cure will be performed. 

A clean stable and nice bed of straw will aid much 
in accomplishing the object in view. 

HIDE BOUND. 

A HORSE is said to be hide bound when his skin 
will not slip under the pressure of tha hand, but sticks 
as fast to the ribs as if it was glued. 



1 .38 SURFEIT. 

Horses are sometimes hide bound in consequence of 
feeling the effects of some violent disease, and it is 
often a bad symptom; but generally, this tightness of 
the skin proceeds from poverty, cruel usage, and 
sometimes from worms. 

The first thing necessary for performing a cure is, 
to offer better treatment to the animal, giving him 
plenty of light food, such as bran, oats, &c. and a clean 
stable with fresh litter. Then take from the neck 
vein half a gallon of blood; at night give a mash com- 
posed of one gallon of bran, scalded with sassafras tea ; 
one table spoonful flour of sulphur or powdered brim- 
stone, and one tea spoonful of saltpetre ; not permitting 
him to drink for six hours afterwards. 

On the second day, at twelve o'clock, take of cop- 
peras, two table spoonfuls ; of warm sassafras tea, one 
quart ; saltpetre, one tea spoonful ; mix and give them 
as a di-ench. Have the horse well rubbed, and in a 
few days he will be entirely relieved. 



-»,eQ9_ 



SURFEIT. 

The surfeit is a common disease among horses ihsL 
have been cruelly or injudiciously treated. Sudden 
changes from heat to cold, plunging deep into cold 
water and drinking plentifully after being excessively 
hard rode, unsound food, being turned from a warm 
and comfortably stable out into the cold air, night 
dews, &c. (fee. often produce surfeit. 



StIRFEtT. ISOl 

Symptoms. — The surfeit first makes its appearance 
with many fine and small lumps under the skin, a 
partial falling oflT of the hair, and a constant itching : 
at length a great number of scabs are formed, and 
some small ulcers, and unless some remedy is em- 
ployed, the whole coat of hair falls oflf and the norse 
becomes covered with scabs : the hair in the mane 
and tail will be nearly rubbed off, and the little remain- 
ing will stand erect. 

Remedy. — Take from the neck vein on the first and 
fourth days of the week, half a gallon of blood ; give 
a mash of one gallon of bran, one table spoonful of 
sulphur, one tea spoonful of saltpetre, and a quart of 
hot sassafras tea, well mixed together, three times 
within a week, not permitting him to drink for six 
hours whenever a mash is taken. 

Give three drenches within the week, composed of 
one quart of sassafras tea, and one tea spoonful of salt- 
petre, each. Change the horse's litter frequently ] 
keep his stable clean, and do not permit him to gel 
wet. 

Take of hog's lard and sulphur, equal parts, mix 
them and anoint the horse where the surfeit appears 
worse, once a day ; and by the expiration of a week, 
if the horse is not entirely well, he will be much bene- 
fited, and nothing more will be necessary, except giv- 
ing him food that is light and easily digested, and 
observe towards him kind treatment. 

13* 



140 SORE TONGUE. BIG HEAD. 



SORE TONGUE. 

Take four ounces sugar of lead, four do. bole am- 
moniac, eight do. alum, burned. 

The whole to be put in three quarts of good vinegar, 
and the horse^s mouth washed or swabbed two or 
three times a day, keeping the bit out of the mouth. 
The above is enough for six horses. 

[from the AMERICAN FARMER.} 

BIG HEAD. 

I HAVE noticed several essays in your valuable paper, 
the " American Farmer," on the subject of " big head 
in norses,^' and as I have never seen any description 
of this disease, or any cure recommended, I will 
endeavour to communicate what my limited experience 
on that subject has taught me : 

About twelve years ago the disease made its ap- 
pearance in this neighbourhood, and before a remedy 
was found out, many losses were sustained, by the 
death of the horses which were diseased. One of my 
neighbours lost horses to the value of six or seven 
thousand dollars, among them some of the best blood- 
ed mares and colts. I lost one only, and the first and 
only one, a brood mare, which had it about that time. 
Various applications were made to cure it, such as 
driving in spirits of turpentine by rubbing the parts 
affected, and holding a red hot iron near the place ; 



BIG HEAD. 141 

burning, bruising, and cutting, were also resorted to, 
but in every case that I saw or heard of, the disease 
terminated in the death of the animal. At length 
white arsenic was recommended, but by whom it was 
first discovered, I am ignorant. I had occasion, about 
four years ago, to try it on a fine Arciiy mare, then in 
foal by Archy : she was affected on both sides of the 
face, and I succeeded in curing her : she produced a 
horse colt, whilst she was under the operation of the 
arsenic. At about two years old the colt was affected 
on one side of the face. I had recourse to the arsenic 
and completely eradicated the disorder, leaving only a 
slight scar, though the mucus membrane of the nostril 
was so much injured as to cause a difficulty of breath- 
ing through it. The mare was still more affected, as 
both nostrils were nearly closed, and her head con- 
tinued to be much larger than before she was taken 
with the disease, though generally in good order, and 
occasionally worked. She has, however, produced 
three fi^e colts since, none of which has as yet been 
affected with the big head. I designed to have trained 
her first colt, but in consequence of the affection of his 
nostril, I declined the idea. He is now four years old, 
enjoying fine health, and possessing great vigour as 
a stallion. I am thus particular in detailing the cha- 
racter of the animals who have been cured, that it 
may be seen how little horses are affected by the dis- 
ease after it has been cured. I have known the arsenic 
exhibited in at least twenty cases, in all of which it 
effected a cure, and I think I can say, that it is an 
infallible remedy. I will now endeavour to describe 
the disease, and the recipe. 

Symptoms — Loss of appetite, a drooping of the 
head and a disinclination to move about — a slight 



142 BIG HEAD. 

weeping from the eye on the side affected — in a short 
time a local swelling appears on the side of the face in 
a direct line between the eye and nostril, which on 
being pressed hard with the finger causes the animal 
to wince, and by rubbing it gently with the hand, 
appears to giv^e ease to him — an enlargement of the 
jaw bone, and a considerable decline in flesh. I have 
not discovered that the disease is attended with fever ; 
if it is suffered to run long, it causes an affection of the 
joints — they become puffed, as if inflated with wind, 
and in a short time those swellings become filled with 
pus, and ultimately break, and a discharge of purulent 
matter issues from the joints, and the animal falls, to 
rise no more without help. It is supposed to be infec- 
tious only in this last state of the disease. 

Cure. — As soon as the swelling on the side of the 
face appears, take a piece of white arsenic about the 
size of a common field pea, (or about six or eight grains 
pulverized and wrapped in fine paper, of a ^ze only 
sufficient to contain it,) make an incision in the skin, 
immediately over the hard tumour, insert the arsenic 
(or the paper containing it,) and with a needle and 
thread make one suture or stitch, tie the ends of the 
thread in a hard knot, bleed the horse, and turn him 
out alone in a good pasture, or if it is cold weather, 
put him in a stable, removed from other horses, and 
feed him on light food — in a few days the effects of 
the arsenic will be discoverable by a considerable 
swelling of the head, nose, and face, which will increase 
until the power of the arsenic is exhausted — if both 
sides of the face are operated on at the same time, 
the head will swell to an enormous size — in about a 
month, or six weeks, the arsenic will have developed 
its efficacy by the appearance of a circular piece of 



ItIG HEAD. 1'43 

skin, and tlic porous bone of the face which extends 
as far as the seat of the disease, or the influence of the 
arsenic on the affected part; tiiis circular develop- 
ment extends as far as the affected part only, and is 
quite callous and nearly detached fronn the sound skin, 
leaving the wholesome flesh in its natural state. In a 
month or six weeks longer, this circular part becomes 
entirely detached on its periphery from the sound 
skin, and adheres to the side of the face by a few 
slight integuments about its centre, which soon decays, 
(or it may be cut off,) and the diseased parts drop out 
in a mass, leaving a hideous wound ; then may be 
seen the porous bone of the face, resembling honey- 
comb, which soon becomes covered with sound flesh 
and skin : the wound may be soon healed by using 
common applications, though I have made use of what 
we farmers in the country call pot liquor, as a wash, 
and anointing the place with an ointment made by 
bruising the leaves of the common poke-weed, (phij- 
tolacca decandra) and extracting the juice by pressure, 
and stewing it in hog's lard, or of the Jamestown 
weed, or thorn apple, {datura stramonium^ prepared 
in the same way. These applications may be made 
use of with advantage as soon as it is discovered that 
the parts begin to separate. If the weather be warm 
it may be necessaiy to anoint the parts with a mixture 
of common tar and hog's lard, or the juice of elder 
stewed in hog's lard, in order to keep away the blow 
fly, which will be attracted to the parts by the oflen- 
siveness of the scent emitted. It cannot be expected 
that a horse which has thus been operated upon, will 
regain the beauty of his head, particularly if he be an 
old horse, or has been affected on both sides of the 
face, or the disease has been suffered to run too long 



144 BIG HKAD. 

before applying the remedy : this is evidenced by the 
appearance of my mare. 1 suffered the disease to run 
too long, because I was fearful that the arsenic might 
injure the foal, but was induced to risk it rather than 
lose the mare : the stallion on the contrary, exhibits 
the effects of it in but a slight degree. It may be 
proper to remark, that a less quantity of arsenic will 
answer for a colt than for an old horse ; and that it 
ought to be inserted as high up on the face as the seat 
of the disease will admit of; perhaps on the upper 
edge of the swelled part will answer the same end. 

Another remedy has been communicated to me, 
which is much more simple ; and if it be a remedy, 
certainly possesses great advantages over the one on 
which I have been treating. I have never known 
it tried, but I am induced to believe that it is a remedy, 
both from its analogy to the arsenic, and from the 
authority from which I derived my information. It is 
this : Instead of the arsenic, take half a pint of strong 
ashes, (hickory I suppose,) put them into a tin cup, (of 
about a pint measure,) smaller at the mouth than at 
the bottom, say about one and a half inches at the 
mouth in diameter ; fill the cup or pot with water, and 
let it boil for half an hour, or until the water has been 
evaporated, or absorbed by the ashes, cord the horse's 
nose in the usual way, or otherwise confine him, in 
order that he may be still, and apply the mouth of the 
cup to the part affected, with the ashes quite hot and 
nearly dry, having previously covered it with a thin 
cloth to prevent the ashes from coming in contact with 
the skin of the horse, and hold it in that position until 
the heat has subsided, when it may be removed : in a 
day or two the parts will exhibit a gluey exudation, 
which will disappear in the course of a week, leaving 



FISTULA. 145 

an inconsiderable sore like a burn, which may be soon 
cuied by treating it as such. It may be necessary in 
some cases to make the second application. The 
horse may be used as usual at the time, and when 
the wound heals up, scarcely any scar will remain. 

Or, Take blood from the neck vein and bathe the 
swelled parts with spirits of turpentine once or twice 
a week, rubbing it in with a hard brush until you dis- 
cover the swelling is stopped : the lumps always 
remain, but as they cease to grow the horse gets 
better. 

Or, Give stramonium (Jamestown or Jimeson weed) 
in doses of one drachm, mixed with his feed for several 
days, then turning him out for two or three months. 



-«>«@e<«— 



FISTULA. 

The fistula in the withers, generally proceeds from 
some blow or bruise, and is the most disagreeable 
disease to which a horse is subject. I would recom- 
mend it to every person, whose situation will admit 
of the sacrifice, to dispose of a horse thus unfortunately 
affected, for whatever sum he would bring, or even 
give him away, sooner than be at the expense and 
trouble, and run the risk of performing a cure whicii, 
if completed, would be tedious, and the horse be much 
lessened in value in consequence of being disfigured by 
the scar which unavoidably will be left. The remedy 
here recommended is severe, but it will have the 
desired eficct more speedily than any other. 



146 POLL-EVIL. 

So soon as the fistula assumes a formidable appear- 
ance, fomentations of bitter herbs should be employed, 
such as wormwood, camomile, bay leaves, mullen, 
life-everlasting, &c. boiled in water to a strong decoc- 
tion, and after being strained, should be applied hot as 
the horse can bear it without giving pain, by means 
of large woollen cloths. This application promotes 
suppuration, and when matter is formed let the tumour 
ba opened, so that its contents may be completely 
evacuated ; after which let the sore be nicely washed 
with strong soap suds, and apply the following oint- 
ment once a day : — Take of verdigris, half an ounce ; 
copperas, half an ounce ; oil turpentine, one ounce ; 
ointment of yellow rosin, four ounces ; to be well mixed 
together. As soon as healthy matter is discharged 
from the fistula the ointment may be discontinued, 
and nothing more will be necessary, except keeping 
it perfectly clean with strong soap suds. 

When the fistula first makes its appearance, it may 
be removed or prevented by placing a rowel or seton in 
each shoulder, just below the swelled or inflamed part 
which should be kept running two or three weeks. 



-».s@e*-~ 



' POLL-EVIL. 

The poll-evil, like the fistula, proceeds from some 
blow, bruise, or external injury, and its consequences 
are much to be dreaded. A horse thus diseased would 
be well sold almost at any price, though the cure is 
tolerably certain, yet extremely slow. The poll-evil 



POLL-EVIL. 147 

is an abscess or swelling found in the sinews, between 
the noil bone and the uppermost vertebra of the neck, 
immediately on the poll or nap of the neck. When 
this swelling first makes it appearance, bathe it fre- 
quently with hot vinegar; and if the hair be fretted 
off, with an oozing through the skin, make use of equal 
parts of vinegar and spirits of wine ; but if there be 
an itching, with heat and inflammation, the safest way 
will be to bleed plentifully, and apply a red oak poul- 
tice, which will sometimes disperse the swelling and 
put an end to the disease. But whenever the tumour 
is critical, having all the signs of matter, and appears 
not benefited by the applications already recommend- 
ed, it will be advisable to bring it to a head as speedily 
as possible, with the following poultice : Corn meal, 
marsh mallows, oil turpentine, and hog's lard. When 
the tumour becomes ripe or full of matter, it may be 
either opened or permitted to break of itself; if opened 
with a knife, great care should be used to prevent 
wounding the tendinous ligument that runs along the 
neck under the mane. When the matter appears to 
be on both sides, the tumours must be opened on both 
sides, and the ligament between remain undivided ; il 
the matter flows in great quantities, resembling melted 
glue, and is of an oily consistence, it will require a 
second incision, especially if any cavities are dis- 
covered by the fingers or probe ; these should be 
opened by the knife, and the wound should be dressed 
with spirits of turpentine, honey, and tincture of myrrh, 
until light and thick coloured matter is found. Cleanse 
the sore well with strong soap suds and a sponge ; 
then take of verdigris, half an ounce ; oil of tur- 
pentme, four ounces; of blue-stone, two ounces; of 
green copperas, half an ounce ; mix them well to- 
gether, and hold them over a fire until they are as not 
14 



146 



LOCK-JAW. 



as the horse can bear them : then pour them into the 
abscess and close the Hps by one or two stitches ; this 
IS to remain for several days without any other dres- 
sing, except bathing with spirits of wine.' Should 
matter flow in great abundance, and of thin consisten- 
cy, the above application must be again repeated until 
the matter decreases in quantity, and becomes of a 
whitish colour and healthy appearance. 



»@9« 



LOCK-JAW. 

The lock-jaw is so fatal in its consequences, that it 
IS a fortunate circumstance it occurs so seldom amongst 
horses. 

It commences with a difficulty in mastication, and 
shortly after the jaws are so completely and immove- 
ably closed, that it is with mucli difficulty that medi- 
cines can be administered. The muscles of the neck 
appear much contracted, and the animal appears to 
suffer great pain. 

The lock-jaw is frequently brought on by trifling 
causes, such as cuts, wounding of nerves, tendons, &c. 
Generally speaking, the cure is very uncertain ; but it 
will chiefly depend on opium, the warm bath, and 
other antispasmodics. Sometimes the sudden appli- 
cation of cold water, in great quantities, has been 
serviceable ; friction of turpentine oil or spirits, gene- 
rally proves useful, as does a clyster made with two 



LOST APPETITE. 149 

ounces of spirits of hartshorn, four ounces of oil of 
turpentine, and the yelks of three or four eggs, mixed 
with a quart of strong ale and gin or whiskey. It is a 
great object to promote urine, sweat, &c. Opium, 
tamphor, and copious bleedings, have been found, in 
some cases, very beneficial ; and when they have 
failed, hartshorn, ether, opium, and brandy, have 
been employed with some success ; though the lock- 
jaw is often a symptom of approaching dissolution, 
and frequently defies the power of any kind of medi- 
cine that can be employed. 



— me@e«— 



LOST APPETITE. 

Horses lose their appetites from various causes, 
viz: — Excessive fatigue, want of a change in food, 
dirty fodder, mouldy corn, or a dirty manger, &c. &c. 
but most frequently by the approach of some disease. 
So soon as you discover a horse has lost his appetite, 
observe the following treatment, viz : — 

Take from the neck vein half a gallon of blood ; 
take of asafcEtida, a quarter of an ounce ; salt, one 
table spoonful ; sassafras tea, one quart ; mix and 
give them as a drench. 

On the second day, take of glauber salts, one pound ; 
warm water, one quart ; after dissolving the salts give 
it as a drench, and in two or three days the appetite 
will be restored, unless the animal is labouring under 
some disease, which may be ascertained by the symp- 
toms. 



150 JOLDS. SADDLE GALLS. 



COLDS. 



Nothing is more common than colds among horses, 
of all ages. They are frequently produced by a want 
of good rubbing after violent exercise, which strikes 
a chilliness and dampness over the whole body ; being 
changed from a warm and comfortable stable to one 
cold and open ; standing out late in dew at night 
plunging deep in cold water while heated in a profuse 
perspiration ; all of which have a tendency to check 
the perspirable matter and contract the pores of the 
skin. 

Coldf? sometimes produce a slight running at the 
nose ;. the remedy is simple and almost certain — bleed 
plentifully. 



-Me@«"— 



SADDLE GALLS. 

Saddle Galls are generally occasioned by an un- 
equal pressure of the saddle, or by a saddle being badly 
fitted to a horse's back, and if neglected they grow 
into very ugly and troublesome sores. When these 
inflamed tumours are first discovered, cold water alone 
is frequently sufficient to disperse and drive them 
away, if applied as soon as the saddle is pulled off 
but when that will not have the desired effect, by 
washing them twice a day in the mixtui'e I shall here 
recommend, the cure will be readily performed. — 
Take of sharp vinegar, one gill ; spirits, of any kind, 
one gill ; sweet oil or fresh butter, one table spoonful; 
to be well mixed before used. 



SITFASTS. DTARRIKEA. f5^ 

SITFASTS. 

SiTFASTS proceed from the part being frequently 
Druised with a saddle, until it becomes extremely hard, 
and after remaining some length of time it is not 
unlike a horny substance. The cure cannot be per- 
formed unless the knife is used for the purpose of 
cutting it entirely out. After which the fresh wound 
can be healed with the greatest ease, in a very short 
time, by using either of the following mixtures : 

No. 1. Take of brandy, half a pmt ; honey, half a 
pint ; alum, two ounces. 

No. 2. Take of blue-stone, a quarter of an ounce ; 
spirits of turpentine, two table spoonfuls ; spring water, 
one pint. 

No. 3. Take sugar of lead half an ounce ; alum, 
one ounce ; copperas, half an ounce ; let them be well 
mixed, and the sitfast washed twice a day, after ine 
wound is washed clean with soap and water. 



^s@e« 



DIARRHCEA OR PURGING. 

A DIARRHCEA amougst horses seldom occurs and is 
eaisy of cure. It may be produced by a suppression 
of perspiration or by an increased secretion of bile. 

The following ball (No. 1.) generally gives relief, 
but should it not have the desired effect, No. 2 may be 
employed. 

No 1. Take of sue. aloes, six drachms; Castile 
soap, four drachms ; and syrup enough to form tlie 
ball 

14* 



1 52 DIABETES. 

No. 2. Take of opium, one drachm ; antimony, 
three drachms ; powdered ginger, two drachms ; and 
syrup enough, of any kind, to form a ball. 

It will benefit a horse very much by keeping him 
warmly clothed while labouring under this disease. 



>($«« 



DIABETES. 

A Diabetes is a profuse staling or a constant dis- 
charge of water ; it is attended with great weakness, 
loss of flesh and appetite, wkh every appearance ot 
decay and approaching dissolution. 

It is frequently the result of old disorders, surfeits, 
excessive hard rides, &c. &c. A horse of a delicate 
and weak constitution is extremely difficult to cure, 
as he soon loses flesh and appetite, his hair becomes 
rough, his eyes weak, sad, and dejected, and in a very 
short time he is unfit for any kind of labour. But if 
the following remedies are employed, when the disease 
first makes its appearance, if the horse possesses a 
tolerable good constitution, the cure, by proper atten- 
tion, can be rendered almost certain. 

Remedy. — No. 1. Take of opium, one drachm; 
asafoetida, two drachms ; powdered ginger, two ditto ; 
red oak bark, powdered, one ounce ; syrup of any 
kind, a sufficient quantity to make two balls for one 
dose, which must be repeated three times within a 
week, and the horse must not be permitted to drink an 
unusual quantity of water. A little salt thrown into 
IJiat he is permitted to use, will be found very beneficial. 



BLISTERS. 1 53 

No. 2. Take of red wine, one pint ; water, one 
pint ; gum Arabic, one ounce ; mix and give them as 
a drench three times within a week. 

No. 3. Take of salts of hartshorn, three drachms ; 
opmm, one drachm ; powdered ginger, two drachms ; 
Uquorice, half an ounce ; syrup, of any kind, a suffi- 
cient quantity to make the ingredients into two balls, 
which may be given twice within a week. Nourish- 
ing food, moderate exercise, and a clean, wholesome 
stable will assist much in effecting a cure. 



>te@e.~- 



BLISTERS. 

Previous to the application of a blister to any part 
of a horse, the hair should either be shaved or cut off 
as close as possible ; the blistering ointment should be 
regularly spread with a warm knife on a stout piece of 
oznaburgs ; and during the operation of the blister, 
the horse should be tied short to prevent his biting the 
part or doing other injury. 

Blister — No. 1. Take of Spanish flies half an ounce, 
oil turpentine one ounce, hog's lard four ounces ; mix 
them well and the blister is ready for use. 

No. 2 — Take of tar, four ounces ; vitriolic acid two 
drachms, oil of origanum, half an ounce ; hog's lard, 
two ounces ; Spanish flies, two ounces. This blislei 
IS excellent for the spavin. 



i 54 CLYSTERS. 



CLYSTER OR GLYSTER. 

As clysters very often are the means of saving 
norses' lives, I shall here recommend the best and sim- 
plest mode of administering them. Take a large 
bladder, cut off the neck and- soften it in warm w^ater, 
take a pewter pipe, common reed, or any other smooth 
tube, nine or ten inches long and not more than an inch 
in diameter; the clyster must then be poured through 
a funnel into the bag, and securely tied around one end 
of the tube ; the otner must be made perfectly smooth 
and rounding, well oiled, and introduced into the anus 
several inches; the liquid in the bladder must be 
forced through the tube by pressure with the hand. — 
When a clyster is given, a horse should be placed with 
his head down hill, and if he refuses to stand, a twitch 
should be put upon his nose. 

Glysters are of three kinds — opening, anodyne, and 
nourishing. For the first purpose take a gallon of 
warm water, with from half a pound to a pound of 
common salt dissolved in it ; to which add four or 
five ounces of olive or linseed oil. For the second, 
take two drachms of solid opium, dissolve them, or 
rather mix them well with about half a pint of warm 
water, and add from a quart to three pints of Indian 
meal or wheat flour gruel. For the third purpose, 
rich broths, wheat flour gruel, and other nourishing 
fluids are recommended. With respect to the first 
kind of glysters, it may be observed that gruel is com- 
monly pi'eferred to warm water ; but according to my 
experience, the latter does just as well as the former 
As to the second, tincture of opium may be substitu- 



FOMENTATIONS. 1 55 

ted for solid opium, and is by some preferred to it, 
but the quantity should not exceed two ounces, on 
account of the spirit in which this opium is dissolved. 
The third kind of glyster is required only in lock-jaw, 
or in diseases of the throat which prevent swallowing, 
and in these its utility seems to be very questionable. 
As soon as the glyster has been injected, the tail should 
be kept close to the fundament for a few minutes to 
prevent its being too hastily returned. This is parti- 
cularly necessary when the anodyne clyster is em- 
ployed. The pipe must be oiled or greased before it 
is introduced, and if its passage be obstructed by hard 
dung lodged in the gut, the hand should be gradually 
introduced in order to remove it. 



»e@e« 



FOMENTATIONS. 

Fomentations are generally made of bitter herbs, 
such as wormwood, camomile, muUen, bay leaves, 
sutherwood, life-everlasting, &c. &c. boiled in water 
to a strong decoction, strained off, and applied with 
large woollen cloths, hot as the animal can bear it that 
it is intended to benefit. The efficacy of fomentations 
often depends on the length of time they are employed, 
and their being frequently repeated. 

Poultice. — The following mixtures will be found 
useful as a poultice : 

No 1. Take of bran, one quart; of sharp vine- 
gar (scalding hot) half a pint ; hog's lard, one table 
spoonful — mix them for use. 



156 MASH. 

No. 2. Take of red oak bark a sufficiency to boil 
lO one quart of strong decoction ; take of Indian meal, 
a sufficient quantity to form the poultice. 

No. 3. Take of sharp vinegar, half a pint ; of meal 
one quart ; of hog's lard, two table spoonfuls ; pour a 
sufficient quantity of boiling water to form it into a 
mash, when it will be ready for use. 



-m«@eo— 



MASH. 



A MASH is generally given to a horse for the pur- 
pose of cooling the system, opening the bowels, and 
for disguising different kinds of medicines which may 
be necessary to be administered ; which if given in 
any other way, would be attended with trouble and 
difficulty, and would not be productive of effects so 
salutary. 

Mash. — No. 1. Take of bran one gallon, sassafras 
tea (scalding hot) one quart, powdered brimstone one 
table spoonful, saltpetre one tea spoonful. 

No. 2. Take of oats one gallon, flour sulphur one 
table spoonful, saltpetre one tea spoonful, boiling water 
one quart. 

No. 3. Take of bran one gallon, salts (glauber) 
four ounces, sulphur one table spoonful, sassafras tea 
(scalding hot) one quart — let them be well mixed and 
given milk warm, not permitting the horse to drink 
cold water for six hours afterwards. 



BLEEDING. TO SPOV A WHITE HORSE. } 51 



BLEEDING. 

The bleeding of a horse is so common and simple, 
ihat but little instruction can be necessary for the per- 
formance of the operation. The blood should always 
be caught in some vessel for the purpose of judging ol 
its quantity and quality ; if after it has coagulated a 
light buff coloured jelly forms the surface, it is an evi- 
dence of the inflammatory state of the blood. Blooa 
drawn from a healthy horse very soon coagulates and 
appears like a uniformly red jelly, with a small quantit 
of fluid, resembling water, floating on the surface. * 
consists of two parts — the red jelly (termed crassa- 
mentum) and the water or serum ; the former may be 
separated into two parts by washing the red globules 
and coagulable lymph. 

Bleeding is extremely beneficial in many diseases i 
and with safety from one quart to one and a half gal 
ions may be taken at one time. 



TO SPOT A WHITE HORSE 

WITH BLACK SPOTS. 

Take litharage, three ounces ; quick lime, six ounces; 
beat it fine and mix it together : put it into a pan and 
pour a sharp ley over it ; then boil it and you will 
have a fat substance swim on top, with which anoint 
the horse in such places as you design to have black, 
and it will turn to the colour immediately. 



158 DRIVING. TRIBUTE TO THE HORSE. 

It has the same effect in changing hair that is red 
into a black colour, with only this difference, viz. : — 
Take an equal quantity of lime and litharage, and 
instead of boiling it with ley, boil it only with fresh 
water ; what swims at top, is fit for use and will an- 
swer your expectation ; what hairs you anoint with it 
in the evening, will be black the next morning. 



9@e« 



DRIVING. 

It may be generally remarked, that men who drive 
fast have swift horses ; not that they drive fast because 
they have swift horses, but because fast driving makes 
horses swift. A horse may commonly be trained to 
a dull and heavy, or to an airy and fleet gait. Nature 
unquestionably does much ; but education does far 
more towards producing the great difference in the 
speed of horses, than most men are willing to allow. 
Horses are more frequently injured by driving them 
beyond their habitual pace, than beyond their native 
power. The best direction for the education of horses 
is, " drive /ai-i and stop qftcn.^' 

A TRIBUTE TO THE HORSE. 

JOHN wall's RECIPE. 

Take half a pound of saltpetre, half a pound of 
alum, and half a pound of alum salt ; pulverize and 
mix them well together, and every eight days give 
him a table fjpoonful in his food; his coat, flesh, and 
spirits will soon reward his master for his care. 



MULES. 



>,e@e*' 



; MULE AND HINNY, 

HYBRIDS OF THE HORSE AND ASS. 

The mule is the hybrid produce of an ass with a 
mare ; having a large clumsy head, long erect ears, a 
short mane, and a thin tail. 

The hinny is the hybrid produce between the she- 
ass and a stallion ; the head is long and thin, the eai"s 
are like those of a horse, the mane is short, and the 
tail is well filled with hair. The hinny is much less 
common than the mule, because, being less hardy and 
useful than the other, he is never cultivated. 

The mule, commonly so called, is much valued for 
the saddle, and for drawing carriages in Spain, Portu- 
gal, Italy, and the East, and in the warmer parts of 
America. In those countries where great attention is 
paid to the breed, it is as tall as the horse, exceedingly 
well-limbed, but not so handsome, especially about the 
head and tail. These animals are mostly sterile ; 
some, indeed, have thought that they are altogether 
incapable of producing their kind ; but some few 
instances have occurred, in which female mules have 
had foals, and in which even the male has impregnated 
females both of the ass and horse species, though such 
instances are exceedingly rare. 

The mules made use of in the southern parts of 
Europe, are now brought to an astonishing perfection 
as well as great size. They are usually black, strong, 
15 



160 



MULES. 



well-limbed, and large, being mostly bred out of fine 
Spanish mares. They are sometimes fifteen or six- 
teen hands high, and the best of them worth forty or 
fifty pounds. No creatures are so proper for large 
burdens, and none so sure footed. They are much 
stronger for draft than our hors'es, and are often as 
thick set as our dray horses, and will travel several 
months together, with six or eight hundred weight 
upon their backs. Some think it surprising that these 
animals are not more propagated here, as they are so 
much hardier and stronger than horses, less subject to 
diseases, and capable of living and working to twice 
the age of a horse. Those that are bred in cold coun- 
tries are more hardy and fit for labour than those brea 
ni hot ; and those which are light made are fitter for 
riding than horses, as to the walk and trot ; but they 
are apt to gallop rough ; though these do it much less 
than the short-made ones. The general complaint 
made against them is, that they kick and are stubborn: 
but this is owing to neglect in breeding them, for they 
are as gentle as horses, in countries where they are 
bred with proper care. 

In the breeding of mules, mares that are of a very 
large breed and well made, should be employed. 
They should be young, full of life, large barrelled, but 
smalled limbed, with a moderate sized head, ahd a 
good forehead. It is found of advantage to have the 
foals from the time of their being dropped often 
handled, to make them gentle : it prevents their hurt- 
ing themselves by skittishness and sudden frights ; and 
they are much easier broken at the proper age, and 
become docile and harmless, having nothing of that 
viciousness which is so commonly complained of in 
these animals. They may be broken at three years 



MULES. 16J 

old, but should never be permitted to do much hard 
work till four, as they are thus secured from being 
hurt by hard labour, till they have acquired strength 
enough to bear it without injiuy. An expert breedei 
of these animals found, that feeding them too well 
while young, though it made them very fat, was far 
from being any advantage to them ; as it was not only 
incurring a much larger expense than was any way 
necessar}', but also made them wonderfully nice and 
delicate in their appetites ever after, and also by 
Increasing their weight of flesh, rendered them more 
subject to strains and hurts in their morning gambols, 
[le therefore contented himself with giving them food 
enough to prevent their losing flesh, and to keep up 
their growth without palling their appetites with deli- 
cacies, or making them over fat ; he also took care to 
defend them from the injuries of the weather by allow- 
ing them stable room, and good litter to sleep on, 
besides causing them every day to be well rubbed 
down, with a hard wisp q|" straw, by an active groom. 
This was scarcely ever omitted, particularly in cold, 
raw, wet weather, when they were least inclined to 
exercise themselves. When three years old, mules 
are proper for use. 

The shoe for the mule is for the fore foot very simi- 
lar to that which farriers call the bar shoe. It is very 
wide and large, especially at the toe, where it some- 
times projects four inches and upwards beyond the 
hoof This excess is given it with a view to enlarge 
the basis of the foot, which is in general exceedingly 
narrow in this animal. The shoe for the hind feet is 
open at the heels like a horse's shoe; but is lengthened 
at the toe like the preceding one. Mules are, how- 
ever, by no means invariably shod in this manner ; n 



1 62 MULES. 

IS not unusual to shoe them either like horses or asses, 
fis they approach the one or the other in size or work 
required. 



[from the AMERICAN FARMER.] 

PRIZE ESSAY. 

[The premium of a silver cup, of thirty dollars value, offered hy 
Robert Oliver, Esq. to the author of the best essay on the natural 
history of the Mule, and its value for the general purposes of agri. 
culture, in comparison with horses, wras awarded by a committee, 
appointed by the Trustees of the Maryland Agricultural Soci©^/, 
to the author of the following essay.] 

A DISSERTATION ON THE MULE, 

With the view of promoting an iviprovement in the breed, and of 
demonstrating the utility of employing him as a substitute fot the 
horse, in the labours of husbandry, canals, <^c. 

By Samuel Wrtivs Pomeroy. 

" Opinion is the queen of the world — it gives motion to 

the springs, and direction to the wheels of power." 

John Quincy Adams. 
" Knowledge is power." — Bacon. 



Soon after the accession of Charles III. to the c own 
of Spain, his subjects were prohibited by a severe 
edict, from wearing Jlapped hats and long cloaks ; 
which caused an insurrection that obliged him to flee 
from Madrid, after witnessing the massacre of nearly 
one hundred of his Walloon guards ; and might have 
terminated in a revolution, but for a speedy revoca- 
tion of the edict and banishment of his ministers. An 
eminent writer introduces the history of the occur- 
rence, bv observing, that " it is easier to conquer haN 



MULES. 16^ 

the world than to subdue a single prejudice or error, 
most nations having a superstitious attachment to those 
habitudes which they derive from their ancestors, that 
seem to come along with them into the world, and 
witii which they were nursed and brought up," 

Perhaps it may be deemed by many quite as vision- 
Ary or absurd to attempt an introduction of the mule 
as" a substitute for the horse, for the purposes of agri- 
culture and hackney employments, as was the project 
3f the Spanish monarch for compelling his subjects to 
wear the French costume, to the exclusion of one they 
had been so long accustomed to look upon " as a dis- 
tinction which was the birth-right of every true Spa- 
niard ;" and as we may suppose, so congenial to the 
indolent habits for which that nation had long been 
proverbial. 

It must be acknowledged that there are serious, 
though I trust in this age of improvement, not insur- 
mountable impediments ; for we have to combat not 
only hereditary prejudices, or to speak more correctly 
such as have proceeded from a deficiency of means 
and want of knowledge, to develope the valuable pro- 
perties and to subdue propensities of a contrary cha- 
racter in this hybrid race, but we are met at the 
threshold by the same species of pride which the 
Spaniards manifested in regard to their costume, 
founded on the enthusiastic, I may almost say super- 
stitious, attachment to the horse. 

It is believed that a vast portion of our fellow 
citizens, and I may with propriety add the people oi 
Great Britain, from whom we have derived some 
inveterate prejudices as well as those illustrious exam- 
ples that have had such a powerful influence in leading 
our country to the high destinies that await her, do not 
15* 



104 MULES. 

consider that a mule, especially a well bred one, 
would be in himself and in their view, one of the best 
formed and most distinguished of animals, if they had 
never seen a horse ; they must admit, however, that 
he holds the second rank instead of the first, and it is 
principally from this circumstance that so little atten- 
tion has been paid to him in both countries. Com- 
parison is the chief cause of his degradation — th^y 
look at and give their opinions not of himself, but 
comparatively with the horse. They seem not aware 
that he is a mule — that he has all the qualities of his 
nature, all the gifts attached to the connecting and final 
link of two distinct species, and think only of the figure 
and qualities of the horse which are wanting in him, 
and that he ought not to have ; for he possesses those 
of more intrinsic value, which the supreme Author of 
nature has denied to both of his parents. 

There are few subjects of animated nature that have 
engaged the attention of the most eminent naturalists, 
more than the genus Equus, to which the horse and 
ass, with their hybrid offspring, are assigned. Lin- 
ncBus, with a view to establish, by new argum.ents, his 
doctrine, or theory of the sexual system of plants, 
which Spallanzani had attempted to overturn, illus- 
trated their generation by pursuing the chain of nature 
from the animal to the vegetable kingdom ; and has 
taken prominent examples from the two different pro- 
ductions of mules. He says, " from the mare and male 
ass proceeds the mule, properly so called, which in its 
nature, that is, in its medullary substance, nervous 
system, and what Malpighi calls the keel, (carina,) 
bottom in sportsmen's language, is latent in, and 
derived from the mare. But in its cortical substance 
and outward form, in its mane and tail, resembles 



MULES. 105 

the ass. Between the female ass and the horse, 
the other kind of mule is engendered, whose nature 
or medullary substance, resembles that of the ass : but 
its outward form and cortical structure, or vascular 
system that of the horse."* 

The latter kind was called Hinnus by the ancients, 
hence the modern name Hinny. They were not held 
in much estimation by the Romans, according to Pliny, 
who describes them as ditlicult to manage, and so 
slow that little service could be derived from them. 
Bitffon has noticed this animal, which he says " is 
smaller than the mule, as it preserves the diminutive 
stature of the ass." Hinnys were seldom propagated ; 
but it is said that a number have lately been bred in 
Spain, probably in consequence of the destruction of 
mares in the peninsular war, and are represented of 
good size, and more beautiful than the mule : that is, 
they resemble the horse much more. 1 understand a 
few have been bred upon the Spanish Main, no doubt 
from a similar cause that led to the system in Spain ; 
and if my information is correct, some have been 
recently shipped to the West India Islands, but are by 
no means esteemed so hardy, or valuable for service, 
as mules. 

Notwithstanding mules have a disposition to propa- 
gate,- there have been but two or three well authenti- 
cated instances recorded of their having hred; and 
those productions were considered monsters. Buffon 
was indefatigable in his researches on the subject : and 
although he admits that it is possible for both males 

* See " A Dissertation on tlie Sexes of Plants," by Sir Charles 
Linnaeus — read before the Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. 
Petersburgh, Sept. 6, 1760, and which obtained the premium of 
one hundred ducats. 



I G6 MULifsi 

and females to propagate, he is confident that their 
parents are of a species distinct from each other. He 
says " the ass is not a horse degenerated," as some had 
supposed, " he is neither a stranger, an intruder, nor 
a bastard ; he has, lilie other animals, his family, his 
species, and Ins rank ; his blood is pure and untainted, 
and although his race is less noble, yet it is equally 
good, equally ancient as that of the horse." This pro- 
found naturalist continues a very minute and eloquent 
comparison between the horse and ass ; some of his 
expressions I have taken the liberty to apply to the 
mule and the horse in a preceding paragraph. 

It may promote the object in view to enter exten- 
sively upon the history of the ass ; and we commence 
with the supposition, that when men became so far 
civilized as to have burdens to carry, or required to be 
carried themselves, this animal was the first domesti- 
cated for that purpose — and it is reasonable to infer 
that those of the least spirit and most tractable, were 
put in requisition in the first instance ; when by breed- 
ing in and in, without any care in the selection of sire 
or dam, became in process of time degenerated to a 
very inferior grade. Be this as it may, it is an unques- 
tionable fact that different races of the ass now exist, 
possessing properties as distinct as are found in the 
species oi' camel. For instance, the Bactrian or single 
hunched camel, called the dromedary, by far the most 
numeious race, being lightly formed, exhibits great 
activity, and is able to traverse vast tracts with the 
speed of a high mettled race horse. The Arabian 
camel, with two protuberances on his back, is con- 
siderably larger, of much stronger form, travels at a 
pace seldom exceeding three miles an hour, and is 
capable of conveying such burdens, that the Arabs 



MUi.ES. 1 07 

style him, emphatically, the ship of the desert; yet 
they are of the same species — a cross between them 
breed and constitute another variety, which multiply, 
and according to Buffon, have the most vigour, and 
are preferred to all others. 

Ancient writers recognise three or four distinct 
varieties of the ass. According to the learned Dr 
Harris, four different races are indicated in the origi- 
nal Hebrew scriptures, viz : Para, Chamor, Aton, and 
Orud.* 

The wild ass (Para,) was a native of Arabia, De- 
serta, and those countries which formed the great 
Babylonian empire. They are now found in Southern 
Tartary, in the mountainous districts and saline plains 
of Persia — are migratory in large herds, visiting in 
winter the Northern parts of India, and said to be so 
fleet that no horse can overtake them in the chase. — 
This race is frequently alluded to by the inspired 
poets and prophets ; and afford similies diametrically 
opposite to those drawn from the domestic race. The 
sublime description of the former in the book of Job, 
exhibits such a contrast, that I trust its insertion in 
this place will not be deemed improper. 

"Who from tlie forest ass his collar broke, 
And manumized his shoulders from the yoke ? 
Wild tenant of the waste, I sent him there 
Among the shrubs, to breathe in freedom's air. 

* See the " Natural History of the Bible, by Thaddeus Mason 
Harris, D. D. 1 vol. 8vo. Wells &, Lilly, Boston." A work I woulo 
earnestly recommend to tiiose readers of the sacred volume wht 
are desirous to be better acquainted with many allusions to sub- 
jects of natural history, founded on their nature, habits,' and cha 
racteristic qualities, developing beautiful similies, which wouhl 
otherwise lie concealed — and enabling them to judge more cor 
rectly of the propriety of such allusions. 



I ')8 MULES, 

Swift as an arrow in his speed he flies ; 

Sees from afar the smoky city rise ; 

Scorns the throng'd street, where slavery drags her load, 

The loud voic'd driver and his urging goad : 

Where e'er the mountain waves its lofty wood, 

A boundless range, he seeks his verdant food." 

Scotfs Verfiion. 

We find, that at a very early period of sacred his- 
iory, the common domestic ass {Chamor^ was em- 
ployed in all the menial laboursof a patriarchal family, 
while a nobler and more estimable animal (Aton) was 
destined to carry the patriarchs, the well born ; and 
those on whom marks of distinction were to be con- 
ferred. They constituted an important item in a 
schedule of the pastoral wealth of those times ; of 
course attracted particular attention and care. David 
we are told, liad an officer, apparently of high dignity, 
appointed expressly to superintend his stud of high 
bred asses, or Atonoth. 

There was another race that has been mentioned by 
Aristotle, and by Theophrastus, whom Pliny quotes, 
which they denominated the wild mules that bred 
(he/ni-onos,) and were found in Cappadocia and Africa. 
There can be but little doubt but this is the Hemionus 
or wild mule of the Mongalian Tartars, so particu- 
larly described by professor Pallas ; and that it is not a 
hybrid, but actually of the species of ass resembling a 
mule.* This race is identified by Dr. Harris with 
the Orud of scripture. 

The wild ass of Northern and Western Africa, 
whose flesh was so much admired by the Roman epi- 



* Herodotus says, that in the army of Xerxes, which invaded 
Greece, there were "chariots of war drawn by W'j7(i flsses." M. 
Larcher, a celebrated commentator, renders them zeire^ in his 
French translation, which he supports from Oppian, lib. 3. v. 183. 
Ku* it is now well known that the zehra is of a species entirely 



MUL£S. 169 

cures, may, I believe, be ranked as another distinct 
race. Adanson, a French naturalist, who visited the 
river Senegal, more than half a century ago, describes 
those brought from the interior by the Moors, as so 
essentially different from any he had seen in Europe, 
(■probably those of Spain, Savoy, or parts of France 
adjoining,) it was with difficulty he could recognise 
them to be the same species — neither do they answer 
the description of the wild ass of Asia, of which we 
have been speaking. But his account of them corres- 
ponds with the diminutive domestic race introduced 
from Africa, parti^'ularly those from Senegal and the 
Cape de Yerd Islands ; and from which the small race 
now in Europe and in this country, may with great 
probability claim their origin. 

The Arabian ass, like the horse of that country, is 
considered as the most estimable of his species — and 
there are strong reasons for concluding that he is 
descended from the Hebrew Aton, so highly valued 
by Abraham and by the patriarchs, judges, and kings, 
at subsequent periods of sacred history ; and that the 
same race has been preserved in the ancient land of 
Uz, in some degree of purity to the present time. 
Indeed, there can be but little doubt on the subject, 
if we admit the fact, that the habits, manners, and pur- 
suits of the descendants of Ishmael have continued, 
with scarcely an iota of variation, from the day they 
took rank among the nations of the earth. The 
position is greatly strengthened by the information I 

distinct from the ass; and Buifon asserts that none were ever dis 
covered out of Africa, and there only in the southern hemisphere. 
It is therefore liighly probable, that those alluded to were the hemi. 
onus, which are described as much larger than the wild ass, and 
nearer the size and form of the zebra. See Belce's Herodotus, 
Polymnia, cliap. SG. 



170 MULES 

received some years since from an intelligent traveller 
of undoubted veracity, who had visited Arabia on the 
south-western side of the peninsula to Mocha ; and on 
the eastern, as far as the mouth of the Tigris. He 
represented the superior race of asses of that country 
as most beautiful — of perfect symmetry, great spirit, 
activity, and vigour. He had seen those that could 
not be purchased for less than four or jive thousand 
dollars — an enormous price, considering the value of 
money among those people.* I understand from him, 
that the Arabs were as tenacious of preserving the 
pedigrees of their horses, as the most careful breeder 
for the turf in England — and not less so of their asses. 
The descent of some of them they trace to those in the 
train of the queen of Sheba, when she visited Solomon 
— as they also do that of their horses to the numerous 
stud of that wise and gallant king. 

Dr. Harris supposes the wild ass (Para) to be the 
Onager of the ancients ; and that the Aton was of a 
different kind. My impressions coincide with the 
opinion of the learned divine — but may not writers of 
different periods have confounded the wild ass with the 
Ato7i in their representations of the Onager? for it is 
not improbable, but that the Aton was of the most 
improved breed known, produced from crosses of a 
choice selection of the domestic, the wild ass, and the 
Hemionus, or wild mule — which last Professor Pallas 
recommends to complete the perfection of the species. 
This supposition is supported by Buflbn, who infers 



* Neibuhr remarks, " tlicre are two sorts of assos in Arabia; the 
smaller or lazy ass, as little valued there as in Euorjie ; and a large 
Bnd high spirited breed, whicli are greatly valued, and sell at a very 
hig.'i price; I preferred them to horses.' See Neibuhr's travels in 
Arabia. 



MULES. 171 

as a certain fact, that by a cross of the remotest of 
different races of the ass, the most beautiful produc- 
tions are obtained. 

Mules were in use and highly esteemed at a remote 
period of antiquity ; and are mentioned in scripture 
as of importance in the equipage of princes. Hero- 
dotus, who is styled the father of profane history, fre- 
quently speaks of them ; and it is known that they 
were introduced in the chariot races at the Olympic 
games in the seventieth Olympiad, about five hun- 
dred years before Christ. The Romans well knew 
their value. Pliny informs us, from Varro, that Q. 
Axius, a Roman senator, paid four hundred thousand 
serstcrces, upwards of thirteen thousand dollars, for a 
male ass, for the propagation of mules. And he says 
further, that the profit of a female ass in breeding 
stock for the same purpose, was estimated in Celte- 
beria, now the kingdom of Valencia in Spain, at a 
like sum. We may infer from a passage in Tacitus, 
and in Plutarch's life of Marius, that mules were ge- 
nerally employed to transport the baggage of the Ro- 
man armies ; and that it is not improbable the superior 
officers rode those of a high grade, having their horses 
led except when they engaged an enemy. It seems 
that the dilletanti of Rome held them in great estima- 
tion, as we are informed that the mules of Nero and 
Poppea were shod with gold and silver — not plates, as 
iron shoes are now formed, but the whole hoof en- 
closed. 

Columella, who in the reign of the Emperer Claudius, 
published the most valuable treatise on the husbandry 
and economy of the Romans that nas been handed 
down to us, has given very particular directions for 
breeding asses and mules. He was a native of Cadiz, 
16 



172 MULES. 

and owned estates in Spain, where it appears that the 
linest mules were then bred. 

As it is not requisite to pursue our history of the 
mule any farther among the ancients, we shall drop 
their appellation of m«/e and female ass, and adopt the 
modern one of Jack and Jennet. 

Spain has continued to support the reputation for a 
superior race of mules to the present period : and it is 
probable, that the Arabian breed of Jacks were intro- 
duced by the Moors, when they lield possession of 
that fine country, which, by crosses and the effects of 
climate and soil, have formed two valuable races, 
which we shall notice in the sequel. The Portuguese 
race have been generally considered as differing but 
little from the Spanish ; those, however, that have 
come within my view appear evidently inferior. It 
was not until near the close of the sixteenth century, 
that coaches were used in France ; before which, it is 
said, the nobles rode to court, parliament, &c. on 
mules, that were brought from the vicinity of the Alps 
and Pyrenees. They were usually black, of large 
size, well made, and mostly bred from fine Spanish 
mares. Savoy has long been noted for an excellent 
breed of mules. None very extraordinary are found 
in Italy : those used by the Velterino, are strong and 
of a respet-'table size, but of a sluggish and debased 
spirit. Very little can be said of those animals in 
Great Britain. The Catholic prelates brought ovei a 
number of superb mules, prior to the Reformation, 
but in the reign of Elizabeth so little was known of 
them, that a writer of that period says, " in Devon- 
shire some were produced by a Jack brought from 
France, and were knocked on the head by the people, 
who viewed them as monsters." A superior race of 
mules were bred in Flanders from Jacks introduced by 



MULES, 173 

the Spanish monarchs while they held dominion in 
that country. Fifty of them were brought to England 
by the Duke of Cumberland, presented him by the 
Empress Queen, and from their beautiful appearance, 
engaged the attention of a few individuals ; but the 
spirit soon subsided, notwithstanding those who bred 
and used them were warm in praise of their utility. 

Among a voluminous mass of treatises on agricul- 
ture and rural economy, published in that country for 
near a centmy past, scarce a line can be found devoted 
to the mule ; except by Dr. Anderson, who, in his 
"Recreations in Agriculture," has made a few judi- 
cious remarks on the subject. 

In Sir George Staunton's account of l^ord Macart- * 
ney's embassy to China, we are told that mules are 
valued in that economical, empire at a much higher 
price than horses. In our own country, prior to the 
war of the revolution, a few Jacks of an ordinary kind 
were imported ; a small number of mules bred ; and 
all exported to the West Indies. I have reference to 
New England, as I am not aware that anv attention 
was paid to the system in the middle, or Southern 
States, though it is not improbable that some valuable 
mules may have been raised by the farmers and plan- 
ters for their own use. When peace took place, the 
price of mules in the West Indies excited attention to 
the breeding of them, which was principally confined 
to Connecticut ; and several cargoes of the small 
race of Jacks were imported from the Cape de Verd 
Islands, and St, Michael's, one of the Azores. Tt 
should be observed, that the exportation of Jacks from 
Spahi or any of her colonies, was strictly prohibited, 
and continued to be until after the peninsular war. — 
There might have been, however, a few smuggled, 



1 74 MULES. 

from the Spanish part of Hispaniola into Cape Fran- 
cois, and from thence introduced, but they were A^astly 
mferior to the Spanish Jacks. From this miserable 
stock a system of breeding mules commenced, the best 
calculated to deteriorate any race of animals that has 
been, or could be devised, since their creation. The 
purchaser of a Jack when about to commence mule 
dealer, made little inquiry concerning him but of his 
capacity to propagate a mule. He placed him in a 
district where there was the greatest number of mares 
of qualities so inferior that their colts would not com- 
pensate their owners for the expense of taking them 
to a horse, and contracted to purchase their mules at 
four months old. Those are kept in herds, with pre- 
carious shelter in winter, having ample opportunities 
afforded them, to mature and transfer that propensity 
for kicking, which seems at first merely playful, into 
an habitual means of defence, to be exercised when 
the biped or any other race of animals approach them. 
In this kicking seminary they remain two years, and 
are then driven to market. At subsequent periods, a 
few Jacks of higher grades were procured, from which 
a small number of good sized mules were bred, and a 
few of them broke. The breed of Jacks have some- 
what improved, and mule dealers are now located in 
most of the New England States and some parts of 
New York. But the system as above detailed, with 
few exceptions, has continued ; and it is from such a 
race of Jacks and such a system of breeding and 
management, that the mules have been produced, with 
which the farmers and planters of Maryland, Virginia, 
and the Southern States, have been supplied from 
New England ; and such have furnished a criterion for 
a great portion of our countrymen to form an estimate 
of the value and properties of this degraded animal. 



MULES. 175 

[t affords great pleasure to be enabled, for a short 
time at least, to pursue our investigations in a higher 
sphere. 

Several of my friends who had viewed the Jacks 
and mules, at Mount Vernon, in the life time of Ge- 
neral Washington, gave such glowing descriptions ol 
them, and understanding that part of that stock was 
inherited by George W. P. Custis, Esq. I was induced 
to address a few queries to him on this subject ; this 
gentleman with his characteristic urbanity, very 
promptly furnished replies, with liberty to make such 
use of them as I pleased, and I cannot do better than 
to transcribe them from a letter received about three 
years since. Mr. Custis observes: 

" The Royal Gift and Knight of Malta, were sent 
to General Washington about the year 1787 — the Gift 
with a Jennet a present from the King of Spain ; and 
said to have been selected from the royal stud. The 
Knight I believe was from the Marquis de Lafayette, 
and shipped from Marseilles. The Gift was a huge 
and ill shapen Jack, near sixteen hands high, very 
large head, clumsy limbs, and to all appearance little 
calculated for active service ; he was of a grey colour, 
probably not young when imported, and died at 
Mount Vernon but little valued for his mules, which 
were unwieldly and dull. The Knight was of a mo- 
derate size, clean limbed, great activity, the fire and 
ferocity of a tiger, a dark brown, nearly black colour, 
white belly and muzzle ; could only be managed by 
one groom, and that always at considerable personal 
risk. He lived to a great age, and was so infirm to- 
wards the last as to require lifting. He died on my 
estate in New Kent, in the State of Virginia, about 
1802 or 1803. His mules were all active, spirited, 
16* 



no MULES. 

and serviceable ; and from stout mares attained con- 
si-derab'e size. 

" General Washington bred a favourite Jack called 
Compound, from the cross of Spanish and Maltese. 
The Knight upon the imported Spanish Jennet. This 
Jack was a very superior animal ; very long bodied, 
well set, with all the qualities of the Knight, and the 
weight of the Spanish. He was sire of some of the 
finest mules at Mount Vernon, and died from accident. 
The General bred mules from his best coach mares, 
and found the value of the mule to bear a just propor- 
tion to the value of the dam. Four mules sold at the 
sale of his effects, for upwards of $800 : and two 
more pairs at upwards of $400 each pair ; one pair 
of these mules were nearly sixteen hands high. The 
only Jacks I know of at present, of the genuine Mount 
Vernon stock, are, one sold by me to Judge Johnson, 
of South Carolina, for five hundred dollars, at two 
years old ; one given by me to Wilh'am Fitzhugh, 
Esq. of Ravensworth, and one which I believe is pos- 
sessed by my uncle, Geore Calvert, Esq. of Rivers- 
dale. 

" The Jack purchased by J udge Johnson, I have 
understood, has a very high reputation in the South. 

"Upon losing my groom (Peter) who was the first 
and last groom to the Mount Vernon Jacks, I parted 
with my stock. 

" There are many Jacks that have come into the 
country of late years, but of their value and proper- 
ties I am unable to speak, though I rather presume they 
are generally small, and only fitted to get mules for 
the cotton cultivation in the light lands of the South. 
Some very fine mules are raised about Hagerstown, 
Maryland, from Jacks of the old breed ; they are 
bred from stout wagon mares. 



MULES, 17'i 

" As to my opinion of the value of mules, J shall 
always appear extravagant. I have scarce a horse on 
my estates for agricultural purposes, nor would 1 ac 
ceptof one as a gift, (except for road wagons,) of which 
I have no need, as my property lies on navigable 
water. Nothing ever was so good as mules for the 
uses of this, our southern country ; they live longer, eat 
less, and above all, are better suited to our slaves, than 
any other animal could possibly be: their strength, 
patient endurance of privation and hardships, slender 
pasturage, exposure — and in short, all those ills to 
which animals are subject where slaves are their 
masters, give to mules a decided preference in all the 
agricultural States of the South. 

" I do not know of any being trained to the pur- 
poses of pleasure carriages. They are often ridden, 
and go pleasantly, with great surety of foot. 1 have 
no doubt but that in time, they will generally be used 
for carriages, and would particularly suit mail coaches; 
they are very swift, and have great durability in 
travelling." 

The Knight of Malta, mentioned by Mr. Custis, was 
unquestionably the fii'st Maltese Jack ever brought to 
the United States. The second came in the frigate 
Constitution, on her return I think, from her first cruise 
in the Mediterranean ; and I have understood was sold 
in the district of Columbia, or one of the adjoining 
States. Since that time a number have been intro- 
duced by officers of the navy from Malta, and the large 
Spanish breed from Minorca and Majorca. From the 
Mount Vernon and those stocks, some fine mules have 
been bred in the middle States, and probably farther 
South. A few valuable Maltese Jacks have been 
imported in merchant ships. 



1 78 MULES. 

The impressions received, when on a visit to the 
West Indies in my youth, by observing, on the sugar 
plantations, the severe labour performed by mules in 
cane mills, induced me when I commenced farming, 
to purchase the first w^ell broke mule I could light on ; 
and notwithstanding he was so small as to require a 
vehicle and harness constructed purposely for him, his 
services were found so valuable, and the economy of 
using those animals so evident, that I was stimulated 
to great exertions for procuring several others of 
larger size ; in this I succeeded, after great difficulty, 
to such an extent, as to have had more labour per- 
formed by them on farm and road, for thirty years 
past, than any pesron I presume, in New England ; 
and every day's experience has served to fortify my 
conviction of the superior utility of the mule over the 
horse, for all the purposes for which I have proposed 
him as a candidate. And it should be considered, that 
those I have used were of an ordinary breed, vastly 
inferior to such as may be easily produced in our 
country, by attention to the introduction of a suitable 
race of Jacks, and a proper system of breeding and 
management. The question occurs, how is this to be 
effected ? I will premise, that there exists a strong 
analogy between three varieties of the horse, and those 
of the domestic ass, considered the most valuable. We 
have the Arabian, the hunter, and the stout cart-horse. 
There is the heavy Spanish Jack, with long slouching 
ears, which Mr. Custis has described, that answers to 
the cart-horse ; another Spanish breed called the Anda- 
lusian, with ears shorter and erect, of tolerable size, 
plenty of bone, active, more spirited, and answering 
to the hunter. Then comes the Arabian Jack, with 
ears always erect, of a delicate form, fine limbs, and 
full of fire and spirit. Judicious crosses from these 



MULES, 1 79 

varieties, will be required to produce such kind of 
mules as may be wanted for general purposes. From 
the small Jack of African origin, with a list down his 
back and shoulders, are bred a small race of mules, 
by far the most hardy of any. With attention to 
selection in breeding the Jacks, with, perhaps, a dash 
of some cross of the foregoing description, a stock ot 
mules may be produced, preferable to all others for 
the light lands and cotton culture of the middle and 
Southern States. 

To procure any number of Arabian Jacks from 
their native country, is hardly practicable at the pre- 
sent time. Egypt has been celebrated by Sonnini 
and other travellers, for superb Jacks of the Arabian 
breed, which probably has been often improved by 
those introduced by the pilgrims from Mecca. I ap- 
prehend no great difficulty in obtaining them from that 
country. There is, however, no question but the 
Maltese Jacks are of the Arabian race, more or less 
desrenerated. The most of those brought to this 
country that 1 have seen, were selected on account of 
their size, and had been used to the draught. I should 
recommend the selection of those that are esteemed 
most suitable for the saddle, as likely to possess greatei 
purity of blood. A Jack of this kind, was a number 
of years since imported from Gibraltar, that had been 
selected by a British officer at Malta ; and very much 
resembled the Knight of Malta described by Mr. 
Custis. I found upon a careful examination, that he 
differed but little from the description I had heard and 
read of the true Arabian race ; indeed I could dis- 
cover some prominent points and marks, that agreed 
with those found by professor Pallas to belong to the 
Hemionus or wild mule of Mongalia. From this Jack 
have bred a stock, out of a large Spanish Jenne* ol 



1 80 MULES. 

ihe Andalusian breed, that correspond very minutely 
with Mr. Custis's description of Compound bred by 
General Washington, and also a mule, that now, not 
three years old, stands fifteen hands, and lias other 
points of great promise. 

Such have been the ravages of war and anarchy in 
Spain for a long time past, that the fine race of Jacks 
that country once possessed have become almost ex- 
tinct. In Majorca, and probably some part of the 
coast 01 Spain opjwsite, the large breed may be ob- 
tained ; and there formerly was a superior race in 
Andalusia, which it is hoped have been preserved. — 
Crosses on one of these breeds by the Arabian or Mal- 
tese, I consider indispensable to furnish a race of Jacks 
for the production of the most desirable mules, uniting 
the weight and bone of one, with the spirit and vigour 
of ihe other, although their height will in a great mea- 
sure depend on the mares, yet if sired by full blooded 
Maltese Jacks, their limbs are too slender and their 
pasterns too long for heavy draught ; but for the 
saddle, especially from blood mares, they are admira- 
ble, and out of stout mares suitable for light carriages. 

My attention has been but lately directed to breed- 
ing mules ; and those intended only for my own use. 
The system adopted is to halter them at four months, 
and have the males emasculated before six months old, 
wnich has great influence on their future conduct, aud 
is attended with much less hazard and trouble, than if 
delayed until they are one or two years old, as is the 
general practice. If they are treated gently and fed 
occasionally out of the hand, with corn, potatoes, &c. 
they soon become attached; and when they find that 
" every man's hand is not against them," will have no 
propensity to direct their heels against him, and soon 
forget they have the power. In winter they should 



MULES. 181 

be tied up in separate stalls, and often rubbed down. 
By such treatment there is not more danger of having 
a vicious mule than a vicious horse ; and I am deci- 
dedly of opinion, that a high spirited mule so managed 
and well broke, will not jeopardize the Uves or Hmbs 
of men, women, or children by any means so much as 
a high spirited horse, however well he may have been 
trained. 

The longevity of the mule has become so proverbial, 
that a purchaser seldom inquires his age. Pliny gives 
an account of one, taken from Grecian history, that 
was eighty years old; and though past labour, followed 
others, that were carrying materials to build the temple 
of Minerva, at Athens, and seemed to wish to assist 
them ; which so pleased the people, that they ordered 
he should have free egress to the grain market. Dr. 
Rees mentions two that were seventy years old in 
England. I saw myself in the West Indies a mule 
perform his task in a cane-mill, that his owner assured 
me was forty years old. I now own a mare mule 
twenty-five years old, that I have had in constant work 
twenty-one years, and can discover no diminution in 
her powers ; she has within a year past often taken 
upwards of a ton weight in a wagon to Boston, a 
distance of more than five miles. A gentleman in my 
neighbourhood has owned a very large mule about 
fourteen years, that cannot be less than twenty-eigh* 
years old. He informed me a few days since, that he 
could not perceive the least failure in him, and would 
not exchange him for any farm horse in the countiy. 
And I am just informed, from a source entitled to 
perfect confidence, that a highly respectable gentleman 
and eminent agriculturist, near Centre ville, on the 
Eastern Shore of Maryland, owns a mule that is 



182 MULES. 

thirty-five years old, as capable of labour as at any 
former period. 

The great Roman naturaUst, in one of the most 
beautiful passages of his elaborate history of nature, 
observes that " the earth is constantly teased more to 
furnish the luxuries of man than his necessities."* — 
We can have no doubt but that the remark applied 
with great justice to the habits of the Romans in the 
time of Pliny; and I am much mistaken if ample 
proofs cannot be adduced, that it will lose none of its 
force or truth, at this present period, in all northern 
climates, or any section of the United States where 
the horse is employed for agriculture as well as for 
pleasure. Far be it from me, however, to disparage 
this noble animal ; on the contrary, I feel a strong 
attachment for him, and at the same time a full convic- 
tion, that the substitution of the mule, for the purposes 
before stated, as extensively as may be consistent with 
the requisite production of each species, will have the 
effect of restoring the horse to the station from which 
he has been degraded, and place him as in form.er 
ages, upon a more dignified footing, an object of ac 
knowledged luxury ; and thereby introduce a more 

* " It is the earth that, like a kind mother receives us at our 
birth, and sustains us when born. It is this alone, of all the ele- 
ments around us, that is never found an enemy to man. The body 
of waters deluge him with rains, oppress him with hail, and drown 
him with inundations ; the air rushes on in storms, prepares the 
tempest, or lights up the volcano ; but the earth, gentle and indul- 
gent, ever subservient to the wants of man, spreads his walks with 
flowers, and his table with plenty ; returns with interest every good 
committed to her care, and though she produces the poison, she 
still supplies the antidote, though constantly teased more to furnish 
tlie luxuries of man, than his necessities, yet even to the last, she 
continues her kind indulgence, and when life is over, she piously 
hides his remains in her bosom." 

Plinjj's Natural History, Book II. Chap. 63. 



MULES. 183 

correct system of breeding and management, in which 
our countrymen are so generally deficient, consequently 
more perfect animals and such an advance in the price 
of them, that will afford the farmer what he is now a 
stranger to — such remuneration as will make his brood 
mares a profitable species of stock. And it is obvious 
that the system will be followed by an improvement in 
the breed of mules, in the same ratio as the miserable 
race of scrub mares, which are now consuming the 
profits of agriculture, shall become extinct. 

It does not appear that the horse was employed by 
the ancients for any purpose of husbandry. The ox and 
ass drew the plough and the wain, and performed all 
kinds of drudgery until after the feudal system was 
established in Europe, when the numerous retainers of 
the feudal lords, who held their lands by the tenure of 
performing knight's service, found themselves under 
the necessity of making the horses they were obliged 
to keep, contribute towards their support in the culti- 
vation. From this time I believe, we may date, and 
from this cause may be attributed the introduction of 
the horse for the purposes of agriculture. Since that 
period, the history of Europe is little else than the 
annals of war and its preparations ; and no material 
for that scourge, except the deluded human victims, 
seems more necessary than the horse — accordingly we 
find that throughout the whole country, from the Rhine 
or the Seine, to beyond the Danube and Vistula, which 
has. been the principal arena, the system of agriculture 
has embraced, extensively, the breeding of horses of 
different grades and forms adapted to the several uses 
in war. Indeed whole provinces were appropriated 
almost exclusively to the rearing those animals for 
disposal to the different combatants ; and it must be 
17 



184 MULES. 

obvious, that their general use in husbandrj'-, at the 
same time, would follow as a necessary consequence. 
It cannot be expected therefore, but that the DuTch 
and Germans who have emigrated to our country, 
should bring with them such strong predilections ioi 
the horse, which have continued with most of their 
descendantSj especially in those sections where com- 
munities of that respectable and industrious portion of 
our po{)ulation have been located. In Great Bi-itain, 
to the causes which have produced the effects described 
on the continent, may be added the insular position 
of the United Kingdoms, vulnerable from numberless 
and distant points, the horse has been considered, in 
connexion with the uncon{]uerable spirit of the nation, 
as one of the most efficient means of repelling inva- 
sion : a circumstance that would of itself be sufficient 
to account for the over-weaning attachment to this 
animal. But identified as his services have been for a 
long period, with the convenience, sports, and recrea- 
tions, of all ranks and classes, and the science of 
breeding and training, forming a characteristic feature, 
it could not excite surprise, if the approach of that 
terrible spectre famine, should produce little or no effect 
in the reduction of the number. And although some 
of the most distinguished characters in the nation, 
eminent for their practical knowledge in rural econ- 
omy, have been for half a century advocating the 
substitution of the -ox for the purposes of agriculture, 
and demonstrating the feasibility, economy, and vast 
saving of food, yet it is said the number of labouring 
oxen have lately diminished and horses increased. 
Five millions of the latter are now supposed to subsist 
m the United Kingdom, and two-thirds employed in 
husbandry — consuming, at a moderate estimate, the 



MULES. 185 

product of twenty millions of highly cultivated acres !* 
And what is the consequence ? consumption follows so 
close upon supply, that at every season of harvest, let 
the preceding one be never so abundant, fast sailing 
vessels are found in the various ports, with their anchors 
atrip, to convey intelligence of the result, to all parts 
of the world where a sui'plus of bread corn is grown — 
exciting such an interest in our own country, that the 
farmer on the shores of Erie and Ontario, and on the 
banks of the Ohio, may be seen reading bulletins of 
Bjitish weather — the rain and sunshine of every day 
in August and the two following months — often within 
thirty days after the time of their publication in London 
or Liverpool, Can it be supposed that in a countr;^ 
where an attachment to the horse borders so nearly 
upon infatuation, that the question of the utility of the 
mule as a substitute, would be seriously agitated, or 
engage scarce a momentary investigation ? 

In no country is the mule better adapted to all the 
purposes of husbandry, for which the horse is used, 
than in every section of our own. And it would be 
highly desirable to be able to exhibit a calculation ol 
the actual saving, in dollars and cents, by his employ- 
ment — but unfortunately no correct data can be had. 
And as I consider such calculations, unless founded 
upon experimental facts, and those multiphed, to be as 
" tinkling cymbals," I shall merely submit a desultory 

* Mr. Pitt, in an able " Essay on the consumption of corn," 
published by the Board of Agriculture, in 1806, estimates that 
each draught horse, employed on roads, canals, and mines, in 
pleasure carriages of all descriptions, and carts in cities, consume 
the average product of four acres for oats and beans, and three 
acres for hay. It is stated in the same essay, that " the aggregate 
of oats imported into England (only) for twenty years, ending in 
1797, amounted to the enormous quantity of 8,655,046 quarters'' — 
upwards of sixty-nine millions of bushels .' 



186 MULES. 

comparison between the mule and the horse, derived 
from such facts as my own experience, and information 
from authentic sources, will justify the assumption of. 

From what has been stated respecting the longevity 
of the mule, I think it may be fairly assumed, that he 
does not deteriorate more rapidly after twenty years 
of age, than the horse after ten, allowing the same 
extent of work and similar treatment to each. The 
contrast in the mule's freedom from malady or disease, 
compared with the horse, is not less striking. Arthur 
Young, during his tour in Ireland, was informed that 
a gentleman had lost several fine mules by feeding 
them on wheat straw cut — and I have been informed 
that a mule dealer, in the western part of New York, 
attributed the loss of a number of young mules, in a 
severe winter, when his hay was exhausted, to feeding 
them exclusively on cut straw and Indian corn meal. 
In no other instance have I ever heard or known of a 
mule being attacked with any disorder or complaint, 
except two or three cases of inflammation of the intes- 
tines, caused by gross neglect in permitting them to 
remain exposed to cold and wet, when in a high state of 
perspiration after severe labour, and drinking to excess 
of cold water. From his light frame and more cautious 
movements, the mule is less subject to casualties than 
the horse. Indeed, it is not improbable, but a farmer 
may work the same team of mules above twenty years 
and never be presented with a farrier's bill, or find it 
necessary to exercise the art himself. 

Sir John Sinclair, in his " Reports on the Agricul- 
ture of Scotland," remarks that " if the whole period 
of a horse's labour be fifteen years, the first six may 
be equal in value to that of the remaining nine : there- 
fore, a horse of ten years old after working six years 



MULES. 187: 

may be worth half his original value." He estimates 
the annual decline of a horse to be equal to fifty per 
cent, on his price every six years, and supposes one out 
of twenty-five that are regularly employed in agricul- 
ture, to die every year : constituting a charge of four 
per cent, per annum for insurance against diseases and 
accidents. He considers five acres of land, of medium 
quality, necessary for the maintenance of each horse, 
and the annual expense, including harness, shoeing, 
farriery, insurance, and decline in value, allowing him 
to cost two hundred dollars, to exceed that sum about 
five per cent, which is the only difference between the 
estimate of this illustrious and accurate agriculturist, 
and that of a respectable committee of the Farmers' 
Society of Barnwell district. South Carolina, who, in 
a report published in the Charleston Courier, of 23d 
of February last, state, that " the annual expense ot 
keeping a horse is equal to his value !" The same 
committee also state, that " at four years old a horse 
will seldom sell for more than the expense of rearing 
him." That " the superiority of the mule over the 
horse, had long been appreciated by some of their 
most judicious planters — that two mules could be 
raised at less expense than one horse — that a mule is 
fit for service at an earlier period, if of sufficient size — 
will perform as much labour, and if attended to when 
first put to work, his gait and habits may be formed to 
suit the taste of the owner." This report may be con- 
sidered a most valuable document, emanating as it 
does, from enlightened practical farmers and planters, 
in a section of country where we may suppose a horse 
can be maintained cheaper than in Maryland or any 
State farther North. 

J am convinced that the small breed of mules will 
consume less in proportion to the labour they are 
17* 



188 MULES. 

capable of performing, than the large race, h\A I shall 
confine the comparison to the latter — those that stand 
from fourteen and a half to rising of fifteen hands, 
and equal to any labour that a horse is usually put to. 
From repeated experiments in the course of two win- 
ters, I found that three mules of this description, that 
were constantly at work, consumed about the same 
quantity of hay, and only one fourth the provender 
that was given to two middling sized coach horses 
moderately worked. And from many years' attentive 
observation, I am led to believe that a large sized mule 
will not require more than three-fifths to two-thirds 
the food to keep him in good order, that will be 
necessary for a horse performing the same extent of 
labour. Although a mule will work and endure on 
such mean and hard fare, that a horse would soon give 
out upon, he has an equal relish for that which is good ; 
and it is strict economy to indulge him, for no animal 
will pay better for extra keep, by extra work. But if 
by hard fare, or hard work, he is reduced to a skeleton, 
two or three weeks' rest and good keeping will put 
him in flesh and high condition for labour. I have 
witnessed several such examples with subjects twenty 
years old ; so much cannot be said of a horse at that 
age. The expense of shoeing a mule the year round, 
does not amount to more than one-third that of a horse, 
his hoofs being harder, more horny, and so slow in 
their growth, the shoes require no removal, and hold 
on till worn out — and the wear, from the lightness of 
the animal, is much less. 

In answer to tiie charge generally prevalent against 
the mule, that he is " vicious, stubborn and slow," 1 
ran assert, that out of about twenty that have been 
employed on my estate, at different periods during a 
course of thirty years, and those picked up chiefly on 



MULES. 189 

account of their size and spirit, wherever they could 
be found, one only had any vicious propensities, and 
those might have been subdued by proper management 
when young. I have always found them truer pullers 
and quicker travellers with a load, than horses. Their 
vision and hearing is much more accurate. I have 
i;sed them in my family carriage, in a gig, and under 
the saddle: and have never known one to start or run 
from any object or noise : a fault in the horse that 
continually causes the maiming and death of numbei's 
of human beings. The mule is more steady in his 
draught and less likely to waste his strength than tiie 
horse : hence more suitable to work with oxen ; and as 
he walks faster, will habituate them to a quicker gait. — 
But for none of the purposes of agriculture does his 
superiority appear more conspicuous than ploughmg 
among crops, his feet being smaller and follow each 
other so much more in a line, that he seldom treads 
down the ridges or crops. The facility of instructing 
him to obey implicitly the voice of his driver or the 
ploughman, is astonishing. The best ploughed tillage 
land 1 ever saw, I have had performed by two mules 
tandem, without lines or driver. 

There is one plausible objection often uiged against 
the mule, that "on deep soils and deep roads, his feet 
being so much smaller than those of the horse, sink 
farther in ; but it should be considered that he can 
extricate them with as much greater facility. 

Few can be ignorant of the capacity of the mule to 
endure labour in a temperature of heat that would be 
destructive to the horse, who have any knowledge of 
the preference for him merely on that account, in the 
West Indies, and in the Southern States. 

It is full time to bring our comparison to a close, 
which I shall do by assuming the position, that the 



190 MULES, 

larmer who substitutes mules for horses, will have 
this poi'tion of his animal labour performed, with the 
expense of one spire of grass instead of two ; which 
may be equal, so far, to making "two spires grow 
where one grew before." For although a large sized 
mule will consume somewhat more than half the food 
necessary for the horse, as has been observed, yet if we 
take into account the savmg in expense of shoeing, 
farriery, and insurance against diseases and accidents, 
we may safely affirm, that a c'ear saving of one half 
can be fully substantiated. But in addition to this, the 
mule farmer may calculate, with tolerable certainty, 
upon the continuation of his capital for thirty years : 
whereas the horse farmer at the expiration of fifteen 
years, must look to his crops, to his acres, or a bank, 
for the renewal of his — or perhaps, what is worse, he 
must commence horse jockey at an early period. 

The intense interest with which the public mind is 
at present 0(;cupied on the subject of canals now in 
operation and progress, encourages me to offer the 
mule as an important auxiliary in the economy of their 
management ; as I trust, it will not be denied, that on 
the cheapness of transportation on them, depends their 
utility as well as profit to the stockholders. The mule 
seems so peculiarly adapted for the labour on canals, 
that compared with the horse, he may be considered 
almost equal to a locomotive power engine. Among 
the advantages we have enumerated respecting his use 
HI husbandry, the most of which are applicable to canal 
labour, that of the much greater security from diseases 
and casualties, which must necessarily require a great 
number of supernumerary horses, to prevent interrup- 
tion in the line of passage, is not the least important, 
nor is the very trifling expense at which the mule can 
ue supported during the winter months, as he will bear 



MULES, 101 

being taken off his feed till the boats are about to be 
launched in the spring, and in a few days can be made 
fit for eilicient duty — while a horse will require at least 
half feed if he does nothing, or must be fed high for 
some time before he can resume the labour that will 
be demanded of him. The same advantages may be 
derived by his employment on railways. 

In a communication published in the Utica Observer, 
the IGth of May, inst. by Henry Seymour, Esq. one of 
the canal commissioners of New York, it is stated that a 
packet boat on the Erie Canal, requires a team of three 
horses to tow sixteen miles, going eighty miles in the 
twenty-four hours, including stoppages and detention 
at locks ; the relays demanding fifteen horses for each 
nautical day. If it takes five days for a boat to be 
towed from Lake Erie to the Hudson, seventy-five 
horses will be required. I am not certain but it may 
be done in a less time, but as there must always be 
supernumeraries kept, we shall be within bounds to 
estimate that number. In the same communication the 
expense of each horse is estimated at fifty cents per 
day, I presume for subsistence only, without reference 
to interest or deterioration of capital, for the object 
of the estimate seems merely to show a comparison 
between the packet boats and freight boats, on a ques- 
tion of profit and loss: as it is remarked that "many 
contingent expenses might be added to both." Taking 
this data, it will cost thirty-five dollars per day for the 
horse subsistence of a single packet boat. The freight 
boats require two, and allowing for the time occupied 
in taking in and discharging their cargoes, with the 
other necessary detentions, average forty miles per 
day — which being double the time of the packet boats, 
although they may not require the same number of 
relays, the expense cannot materially diftei. From 



1 92 MULES. 

ihese premises we may conclude, that for every boat 
ria\-igating the grand Erie Canal, there must be ex- 
pended three hundred and seventy-five dollars for the 
subsistence of the horses, each time they tow her from 
the Lake to the Hudson and back.* Now, if this can 
be done as eflectually by mules for one half this sum, 
and with an extension of capital free of interest, fifteen 
/ears longer than that vested in horses, the aggregate 
of this immense saving will appear by ascertaining 
the number of boats at the present time on the canal. 
But this is out of my power, and I should, perhaps, 
lead the reader nearer the verge of incredulity, were 
I to offer my prediction what that number will be 
thii'ty years hence, the ordinary period of a mule's 
labour, and which will then be some years less than a 
single century since the prime mover and gii-ardian 
of this stupendous undertaking, the present Governor 
(De Witt Clinton) of New York, first saw the light 
of Heaven. 

I cannot resist an impulse to exhibit the mule in one 
other point of view. For the movement o^ machinery, 
the employment of this animal, when judiciously 
selected, has met with a most decided preference, in 
comparison with the horse, independent of the eco- 
nomy in using him. And if we consider the rapid 
and probably progressive increase of labour-saving 
machines, in every department where they can be 
made subservient to the requirements of society, it is 

* This estimate (three hundred and seventy-five dollars) is the 
maximum of expense for subsistence and other items, supposing 
the whole number of horses sliould be required for one boat ; but 
they will unquestionably be employed for a succession of other 
boats. And should all the relays perform a tour on the line every 
day, the minimum of expense would be seventy-five dollars for each 
l)oat. Facts derived from further information may enable us to fix 
the medium 



MULES. 193 

evident that there will be a corresponding aemand for 
animal power, as well as for that more potent, derived 
from the elements ; and although tne latter may vastly 
predominate, yet should tlie horse be employed, and 
his increase for other purposes continue, as it now 
does in the ratio of population, the number, at no very 
distant period, may become as alarming in our own, 
as it is at present in our mother country. And not- 
withstanding we may feel secure, from the extent of 
our territory and extreme diversity of soil and climate, 
but, above all, from being in possession of Indian 
corn — the golden fleece found by our " pilgrim 
fathers," when they first landed on these shores ; yet 
such peculiar advantages may not insure us against the 
visitations of one of the most distressing calamities 
that a feeling community can possibly be subjected to. 
Brighton, Mass. May 27, 1825. 




APPENDIX 



MASON'S farrier: 

CONTAINING 

OBSERVATIONS AND RECEIPTS 

FOR THE 
CURE OF MOST OF THE COMMON DISTEMPERS, 

INCIDENT TO 

HORS£S, OXEW, COWS, CALVES, SHEEP, 
EAMBS, SWI]¥E, DOGS, &c. &c. 

SEIECTED FROM VARIOUS AUTHOR? 



APPENDIX. 



^e@e« 




OF THE DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 



1. The diseases of the horse are as numerous and <as 
important, as his complicated structure and the artifi- 
cial state of his present mode of life would lead one 
to expect. Until of late the treatment of these 
diseases was confined to the hands of ignorant farriers, 
presumptuous grooms, or shoeing smiths ; and the fate 
of the animals was commensurate with the wretched 
treatment they were subjected to. The establishment 



198 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

of a school for the veterinary art, has disseminated an 
improved practice, and spread improved practitioners 
throughout tiic country ; and we would earnestly re- 
commend an application to one of established reputa- 
tion in all cases of difficulty and danger. But as it is 
not always that such a one is within reach, to enable 
the agriculturalist to have in his own hands the means 
of informing himself, or to being a check to others, 
we submit a concise view of the diseases of the head, 
neck, trunk, and extremities, preceded by some general 
observations. 

GENERAL REMARKS 

On the Healthy and Diseased State of the Hori>e. 

2. Condition of Horses. — Being in condition, in stable language, 
signifies not only perfect health internally, but such an appear, 
ance externally, as the philosopher would call unnatural, or at 
least artificial : while the amateur considers it as an essential requi- 
site to the other qualities of the horse. This external condition 
is denoted by a sleek, short, shining coat, with a degree of flesh 
neither bordering on fatness nor emaciation. Even in this sense of 
the term, condition must be varied according to the uses of the 
a limal. In the cart horse, provided there be a sleekness of coat, 
looseness of hide, sound wind, freedom from grease or swelled 
legs, with good digestion ; a fulness and rotundity of bulk, instead 
of detracting from his beauty or impeding his exertions, will add 
to the one and assist the other. In the coach horse, the hackney, 
tlie hunter, and the racer, a different condition is expected, varying 
in different degrees from that of the cart horse. In both cart horse 
and racer, it is equally necessary that the various internal organs 
should be in a state to act uninterruptedly for the benefit of the 
whole ; but in addition to this, it is necessary to the racer, that 
the greatest possible quantity of animal fibres should be condensed 
into the smallest possible bulk, and that the absorption of all 
useless fat and other interstitial matter should be promoted by every 
possible means, as essentially necessary to unite lightness of body 
with full strength and elasticity. It is in the attempts to produce 
Buch a state in its full perfection, that all the secrets of training 
consist ■ but whether a total departure from natural rules, by 



DISEASES OF HORSES. IGflf 

ttnnalural heat, deprivation of light, stimulating food, restraint 
from water, and excessive clothing, are best calculated to promote 
it, admits of much doubt ; and it is to be observed that the dawn 
of reason and science appears to be shining through the crevices of 
these darkened casements ; for even at Newmarket the system has 
lately much relaxed from its artificial rigor. 

3. To bring a horse into condition, not only should the purposes 
he is intended for be taken into account, but also his previous 
state. If he be taken up from grass with much flesh on him, it is 
evident that what is required is to remove the soft instertitial mat- 
ter it may be supposed he has gained by green food, and to replace 
it by hard flesh ; and also to produce a sleekness of coat and beauty 
of appearance. To accomplish these ends, the horse should be 
accustomed to clothing and the full heat of the stable by degrees 
only ; and also by degrees only to the meditated change of food ; 
which is best done by mashes. In two or three days a mild dose 
of physic may be given, during all which moderate exercise only 
should be allowed, as walking, but which may be continued two 
hours at a time. After the physic has set, begin to dress his coat, 
increase his exercise and his food, and accustom him to an increase 
of warmth. In four or five days time again mash him for two days 
and give a second dose of physic, a little stronger than the first. 
(123) After this still further increase his warmth, his exercise, 
and his food, by which his belly will be taken up, his flesh will 
harden and his coat begin to fall. A third dose of physic or urine 
Vails, &c. are only necessary in the training of hunters, &c. and 
even in these, a gradual increase of exercise, rather long continued 
than violent, with proper food, will effect the end, if not so quickly, 
more beneficially to the animal. To bring a lean horse into condi. 
tion, a somewhat different plan should be pursued. If from grass, 
still mash him for a day or two, by no means stint him in hi-s water, 
and with his mash let oats be also soaked. If oats be speared or 
malted, it will produce flesh sooner. But even here, give the horse 
moderate walking exercise, and if he be not too much reduced, add 
a mild dose of physic to prevent his heels flying, or his getting 
hide-bound by the increased food ; but if great emaciation forbid 
the pliysic, give him nightly an alterative. {Vet. Pharm. 129, No. l.t 
As his appearance improves, gradually harden his food and increase 
his exercise. « 

4. Diseased condition of horses. What has been already said 
relates to that alteration from one state to another, neither being an 

18* 



200 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

unheaUby one, which custom has rendered necessary ; thus a man 
in training for running or fighting, and a man out of training, are 
both considered equally healthy. But there are circumstances that 
produce a morbid state of condition different from all these. It is 
common to hear persons say " my horse is sadly out of condition, 
and I cannot tell either what is the matter with him, or how to get 
him into better case." Various are the causes that may produce 
this : a sudden alteration of the food, or temperature, or of habits 
altogether, may become a cause. Removing a horse from grass to 
a heated stable, full feeding, and hard exercise, will often do it : 
therefore these changes should always be gradual. Bad food, as 
mow-burnt hay, musty oats, beans, &c., likewise mineral waters, 
foul lir, &.C,, are frequent causes. Diabetes, or profuse staling, 
is often brouglit on by these means, and the condition of the horse 
becomes greatly reduced. It is requisite, therefore, to enquire 
whether any of these errors are in existence, and to immediately 
remove them : but it often happens that the stomach has become 
relaxed and the hide become bound ; neither of which readily 
remove, even though tlie original evil may be amended. When the 
relaxed stomach has produced lampas, treat the mouth as described 
under that disease (25,) but the stomach itself must be principally 
attended to. — First mash and give a dose of physic ; after it has 
set, com»nence the treatment, if the horse be of a full habit, by 
moderate bleeding and a nightly alterative. (Vet. Pharm. 129, 
No, 1 or 2.) Buf if he be not in full, but in low flesh, commence 
by a daily tonic, (Vet. Pharm. 130, No. 1 or 2,) which will gradu- 
ally remove the swelling within the mouth, and loosen the hide. 
A sudden cold applied to the skm often brings on a want of con- 
dition with surfeit. In which case, bleeding, with nightly altera. 
tive, (Vet. Pharm. 129, No. 1 or 2,) with or without an assistant 
dose of physic, as the habits of the horse may require, constitute 
the proper treatment. Worms form another cause of morbid con- 
dition which are to be removed as described (57.) Excessive fatigue 
is also productive of a bad state of condition, which often proves 
very obstinate. Turning out to very good grass is the quickest 
care, and when that is impracticable, soiling in the stable, or 
feeding with carrots, parsnips, beet root, &,c. will be food restora- 
tives ; as medicines give tonics daily. (Vet. Pharm. 130, No. 1 or 2.) 
It will be only necessary to add, that in considering the state of a 
horse's condition, the effect is apt to be mistaken for the cause, and 
the symptoms for the disease. Hide-bound and lampas are not in 
themselves any thing more than effects, or symptoms ; the former 
being commonly, and the latter always dependent on a deranged 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 801 

state of the stomach : both are therefore to be treated accoraingly. 
Exactly the same will apply to all the other symptoms of morbid 
condition. 

Injlammatory Diseases of the Horse. 

5. TJie injlammatory diseases of the horse are nu- 
merous, but his fevers are few : a febrile state being 
generally brought on by the inflammation of some 
itnportant organ. Inflammation may be considered as 
general or diflTused, and local or confined, and both 
seem to arise from an affection of the blood vessels, 
and perhaps from a peculiar state of the blood itself 

G. General or diffused injlammation constitutes fever 
or extensive inflammatory affection, and appears to 
consist in an increased action of the heart and arte- 
ries, accompanied with an increase of heat. In some 
instances where the fever is purely symptomatic, and 
dependent on the inflammation of some important 
organ, as the lungs, or the intestines, the circulation 
appears retarded rather than increased, from interrup- 
tion arising to its passage through the heart. 

7. Local or confined infiammation is also dependent 
on an aflfection of the blood vessels, but confined prin- 
cipally to the blood vessels of the part affected. It is 
betokened by redness in the skin, tumour or swelling, 
heat and tenderness, with pain. Inflammations, both 
diffljsed and local, are brought on by excitements, such 
as over feeding, excessive heat, reaction produced aftei 
cold, and the reaction produced by inordinate exertion. 
Those more exterior, arise from injuries, the appli- 
cation of improper substances, &c. Inflammations 
terminate in various ways ; but it is to be remarked, 
that in consequence of the very large circulatory 
system of the horse, his febrile affections rage higher, 



802 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

and terminate sooner tnan in man. The usual ter- 
mination of inflammatory affections in the horse, are 
by resolution, effusion, suppuration, and gangrene. 
tScirrhus is not at all a common termination of inflam- 
mation in the horse. 

8. Inflammation of the brain, (phrentis) brain fever, phrensy 
fever, staggers, mad and sleepy. There are few diseases more 
likely to be mistaken by inexperienced farriers than this ; it is not 
to be wondered at, therefore, if indifferent persons should be led into 
error by it. It appears in two forms, a violent frantic one, and a 
sleepy lethargic one ; and the latter appearance is also common to a 
disease, not dependent as this is, on idiopathic inflammation of the 
brain ; but on a paralytic affection of the stomach, and thence it is 
called stomach staggers. This latter affection, however, may be 
distinguished from the former by attending to the colour of the eye- 
lids, nose linings, mouth, &c. which in stomach staggers are usually 
more yellow than red ; whereas in sleepy staggers, they are more 
red than yellow. Inflammation of the brain shew.s itself in general 
cases by disinclination to food and motion, drowsiness, accompanied 
by a heaviness and closing of the eyelids, with moisture and red- 
ness of them ; and also of the linings of tlie mouth and nose. 
Sometimes these symptoms increase, until the horse becomes 
comatose, and after a few frightful struggles, sinks to rise no more. 
In these cases the pulse is apt to be oppressed instead of in- 
creased. But most frequently after the first stages he becomes 
furious, plunges about, and is vicious to himself and others, ap- 
proaching to a state of madness, in which state he continues till 
he sinks from his own exertions, when he rises again to renew his 
violence. 

9. The cause of staggers may be various : the immediate are 
cither an original accumulation of blood within the brain, or the 
translation of the inflammation of some organ to the brain : as a 
remote cause is often brought on by too full feeding, without suf- 
ficient exercise, and particularly in horses at one time working 
very hard, and at another suffered to remain inactive ; but which 
horses, whether used or not, are equally fed. Sudden cold, vio- 
lunce, &.C. may bring it on. 

10 The treatment of staggers should be begun by abstracting 
a very large quantity of blood prom])tly, by opening both jugulars, 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 203 

and letting tho horse bleed to the amount of ten or even twelve 
quarts; repeating the same until the delirium ceases. After the 
first bleeding, back rake, throw up a laxative clyster, (Vet 
Pharm. 143.) blister the head, promote a current of free air in the 
stable, and treat altogether as directed under v^thcr febrile m- 
fections. 

11. Locked jaw, stag.evil, or tetanus, arises from cold, excessive 
fatigue, sometimes perhaps from worms, but more often from a 
wound of some part, as pricks in shoeing, &c. Such wound is 
seldom in a recent state ; but after two or three weeks continuance, 
sometimes after it has healed even : it follows docking, gelding 
and nicking frequently ; and is preceded by a flabby unhealthy 
state of the wound. It appears as an affection of the brain, which 
transmits its morbid irritation, particularly to the nerves attached 
to muscles, by which they become cramped, or may be considered 
as in a high state of action, giving the horse a peculiar look of 
energy, as though immediately stopped from full speed ; with his 
nostrils extended, his head raised, and his nose carried forward ; 
his legs straddle wide, and his tail is cocked and quivers, as after 
violent exercise. The jaws will now be found, if not closed, yet 
nearly so, when he is called jaw set. 

12. The treatment is not often successful, but, however, it is 
sufficiently frequent that it is so, to deserve the utmost attention. 
Blaine informs us that enormous bleedings have succeeded ; but 
he places his principal dependence on the application of cold by 
means of ice, or of constant dashing with cold water, with an active 
blister applied the whole length of the spine. Balls of camphor 
and opium, to the amount of two drachms each, may be given 
every three hours. If any room remain in the mouth, the ball 
may be passed up by means of a stick, or it may be given as a drink 
by means of a syringe, and even when the mouth is entirely 
closed, he informs us we may give a drink by the nostrils. Moor- 
croft used cold also. Fearon, on the contrary, has experienced 
benefit from a bath, heated to ninety degrees, and kept at that 
temperature for three hours. White recommends camphor and 
opium ; Wilkinson of Newcastle, has been very successful by 
keeping up heat and stimulus over the skin in general, by means 
of newly stripped sheep skins put on hot. Perhaps if the body 
were previously rubbed with oil of turpentine one part, and common 
oil two parts, it might assist Wilkinson's plan. When locked 
iaw arises from nicking, it might be prudent for a veterinan 



204 DISEASES Ot HORSES. 

eurgeon to dissect down on the nerves of the tail, and divide 
them ; and when from nicking, it would be advisable to cut off 
another portion of the tail, which practices in both instances would 
afford a moderate chance of saving the animal. It is necessary 
further to remark, that it is of great consequence that the bowels 
be kept free from faeces, by raking and clysters. With regard to 
the latter they are very important in this disease, as a medium, 
commonly the only one, of giving support. A horse has been 
kept alive on nourishing clysters alone, for seven or eight days. 
{Vet. Pkarm. 145.) 

13. Catarrhal fever, epidemic catarrh, influenza, distemper, cold, 
morfoundering, ^c. These names apply to one common disease, 
which often in rainy, variable seasons appears as an epidemic, 
and affects thousands of horses at once. It is observed to be par 
ticularly prevalent in this form in the spring of some years, more 
than of others. It is not contagious like the more malignant form, 
but is brought on as an epidemic by the same causes being applied 
to nearly all subjects alike ; which are alterations of heat with 
cold, moisture, and dryness, &-c. In crowded cities and large 
towns, it is more prevalent than in more open situations, and it 
i'S more frequently found in the young than in aged horses. Where 
it does not exist as an epidemic, it is brought on by an accidental 
cold taken. It is of great consequence to distinguish it from pure 
inflammation of the lungs, with which it is very apt to be con- 
founded ; and which mistake is often a fatal one, from the treat- 
ment being in some essential particulars different. Inflammation 
of the lungs commences by a short cough, without much other 
disturbance to the health, than the pain it gives the horse to cough, 
but which is often so considerable as to make him stamp his feet 
while coughing. If a horse in the distemper coughs early, it is not 
a hollow, harsh sounding, and distressing cough of this kind — if 
he expresses uneasiness, it is principally from a sore throat, which 
is very common in distemper, but by no means common in 
pneumonia. The sore throat in distemper gives the horse a dis. 
position to refuse his food, or he chews it and lets the quid fall 
witnout swallowing it. He refuses water, particularly if it be 
placed on the ground ; his cough is quick, short, and usually 
sounds more moist than harsh and dry; but though common, this 
is noi mvariably the case ; his eyes are heavy and moist, his breathing 
\s quickened, and his ears and legs are alternately hot and cold. 
His nose on looking into it is redder than usual, and sometimes 
his glands as well submaxillary or jaw glands, as his parotid or 



DISEASES OF HORSES." 205 

vives are tumefied. On the second or third day, excessive weaknesa 
comes on ; tlie cough becomes more painful, the pulse is quick, 
ened, and tlie nose begins to run. After which the horse either 
runs off the disease by this suppuration, or it goes on to destroy 
him by the height of the fever, and degree of weakness produced, 
or by suffocation from water in the chest. Now and then, although 
recovery takes place, an obstinate cough is left ; and in a few cases 
the disease terminates in glanders. 

14. The treatment may in some cases be cut very shoit, foi as 
in almost every instance a shivering fit begins the disease, so when 
many horses are in a stable, and the disease is very prevalent, 
those who have not been attacked should be watched, and tho 
moment such an attack does take place, give of sweet spirit of 
nitre, or when not at hand of spirit of hartshorn, an ounce, in a pint 
of sound ale. Exercise the horse briskly, then well hand rub 
him, clothe him warmly; and it is more than probable that the 
disease will be cut short. But should it proceed, or should the 
disease have gone on unobserved to the appearance of the symp- 
tom detailed, begin by bleeding moderately, if the horse be not 
already weak; or if there have not appeared the running of matter 
from the nose. If there have, the bleeding had better be dispensed 
with, unless the fever appeir, from the quick full pulse and red. 
ness of the inner surface of the nostrils and eyelids, to be still 
so considerable as to require it ; in which case we must not be 
deterred from one moderate bleedin.g ; and which, if the febrile 
symptoms do not abate, may be even repeated. It will, however, 
in general cases, be advisable to avoid bleeding after the second 
day of the attack, or after the running has appeared from the nose, 
or after considerable weakness has come on. In all cases a very 
cool temperature is essentially requisite ; hot stables, or hot clothing 
are very pernicious, but particularly the former. A hood is not 
improper over the head, because it encourages the running to 
make an early appearance ; and for this reason a warm mash may 
advantageously be hung round the neck three or four times a 
day. Before the running commences, give night and morning, 
the fever powder {Vet. Pharm. 157, No. 1 or 2.) in a mash or 
drink ; after the running has come on, or as soon as the weakness 
has become considerable, give night and morning either of the 
fever drinks. (Vet, Pharm. 158, No. 3 or 4.) Malt mashes, when 
the weakness is great, are proper ; at other times, bran mashes 
with plenty of chilled water are best. To relieve the throat, rub 
the outside with mild liquid plaster, (Vet. Pharm. 142,) and if the 
vreather be warm enough to allow it, two or three hours taming 



206 DISEASES OF HORSES, 

out in a field each day is proper. Green meat in the stable, when 
it can be procured, should likewise be given. 

15. Malignant epidemic, murrain, or pest. Now and then the dis- 
temper or influenza assumes a character of uncommon malignance, 
which is happily not frequent here, but not unfrequent in conti- 
nental countries, sweeping off a third of the horses and kine, 
without any means being found sufiicient to arrest its progress. 
In these cases it is found highly contagious, attacking almost all 
the horses as well as cattle within its sphere of action, or which 
communicate with each other. Dr. Layard, and Osmer, English 
writers of established reputation, noticed the appearances ♦f this 
disease long ago ; and their descriptions are not different from the 
milder kind noticed (13) but in degree. The throat is intensely 
sore, and the mouth ulcerated ; the glands of the head swell, and 
sometimes these and other parts suppurate and burst. The matter 
from the nose is bloody, and the stench intolerable ; the weakness 
is also peculiarly great, arid shows itself early. 

16. The treatment recommended by Blaine is the early use of 
malt mashes ; even ale is indispensable. Green meat should be 
allowed, and a very cool stall is necessary, having a free commu- 
nication with the open air. As medicine, three doses are necessary, 
every day, of the malignant epidemic fever drink, (Vet. Ph. 160.; 
half a pint of yeast with a pint of ale has been given, with good 
effect, three times a day ; also, to prevent the infection from spread, 
ing, fumigate the stables and all the outhouses with the preventive 
fumigation. {Vet. Ph. 161.) 

Diseases of the Head. 

17. Epilepsy, megrims, sturdy, or turnsick, are epileptic attacks 
of greater or less violence, and which are apt to be confounded 
with the accidental strangulation that sometimes takes place from 
a collar too tight, or from driving a horse hard up hill, &c. The 
epileptic fit makes its appearance by a sudden stop ; if the horse 
be in action he shakes his head, looks wild and irresolute, but after 
some time proceeds; when more violent, he suddenly falls down, 
is convulsed, dungs and stales insensibly, and remains some time 
before he recovers. This disease, like staggers, is generally the 
consequence of two full a habit ; and is, therefore, best relieved by 
bleeding, and a more moderate diet ; and, where it is convenient, 
a run at grass should be allowed to alter the habit. 

18. The diseases of the horse^s eyes »re not numerous, but they 
arc very destructive. The principal are opthalmia and gutta 
serena. 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 207 

19. The opthaltnia, lunatic, or moon-blindness, is a very peculiar 
disease among horses, affecting their eyes generally about their 
full growth, but sometimes later, and seldom earlier. It is but 
little known among mules and asses, and unknown in oxen and 
sheep. It does not, however, appear to be a disease natural to 
the horse, as wild, or even horses subjected to artificial restraints 
are not observed subject to it. But among others, it is become sc 
common as to have the tendency handed down in the breed ; the 
progeny of some stallions being more prone to it tiian others. — 
It is often very sudden in its attack, the eyelids being found 
swelled and almost closed to avoid the light ; they are also very 
red within, and the haw is half drawn over the surface ; the tears 
flow down the face perpetually, and the whole head is hot ; now and 
then these appearances come on gradually. The suddenness of the 
attack makes the complaint to be attributed to accident, as blows, 
hay seeds within the e3'e, &c. and it is frequently difficult to get 
the owner of such a horse to believe that a constitutional attack, 
as it usually is, can come on so suddenly. Sometimes as it comes 
on, so it goes off as quickly, the eye from being opaque and milky, 
in twenty four hours becoming clear and almost well. When such 
an attack has taken place, even if nothing be done, the horse 
sooner or later amends, and the eye or eyes, for it is sometimes 
one and sometimes both that are so attacked, become again clear 
and well, and remain so an indefinite period, from five or six weeks 
to as many montiis. Another attack, however, sooner or later 
follows, to which others succeed, each leaving increased mllkiness 
on the outer coats, and some dimness within the pupil, either speck- 
like or diffused ; and finally the horse becomes blind from cataract. 
When one eye goes blind totally before the other, it is often a 
means of preventing the future attack on the remaining one ; 
which has given rise to a custom of putting out one eye to save 
the other, and which has succeeded. As this is a constitutional 
disease, brought on by artificial habits, as over exertion, close 
unhealthy confinement, and heating food ; so it is clear the abst.rac. 
tion of all these are necessary to remove the complaint, and to 
prevent a recurrence; but particularly the close, dark, and unven- 
tilated state of the stable should be attended to, as well as the 
removal of the litter, which retains the volatile alkali of the urine, 
and irritates the eyes most injuriously. The food should be mild 
and cooling, and the exercise moderate but long continued. Under 
the height of the attack, however, rest is advisable, with moderatu 
light, which may be still further moderated by keeping over the 
eye or eyes a thick cloth, wet with goulard water. {Vet. Ph. 154.) 
Sometimes one quarter of vinegar to three quarters of water has 
19 



208 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

been found a useful application, and which ever is used, the eyes 
and eyebrows should be kept continually wet with it, which iiy 
exciting evaporation will keep the part cool. A seton may he 
introduced under the eye or jaw. In some cases, blistering the 
forehead or cheek is found useful ; but in every instance bleeding 
is proper, which should be repeated until the disease lessens 
When the horse is very full and gross, physic and alteratives assist 
the cure. When blistering is used in any part near the eye, the 
greatest care is requisite to prevent the blistering matter from being 
rubbed into it. 

20. Gutta Serena or glass eyes, so called from the peculiar 
glassy appearance of the eye, arise from a paralysis of the optic 
nerve. As the eye is not materially altered in appearance, a horse 
often becomes blind without its being noticed, until his cautious 
stepping, quick motion of his ears, &.c. give notice of the case. — 
On examination it will be found that the pupil remains dilated, 
however great the light, and the eye is irrecoverably lost. In the 
very early stages, blisters to the forehead and stimulants to the 
eyes, (as white vitriol a drachm, water four ounces,) may be tried, 
but with faint hopes of success. 

21. Poll-evil. This complaint commonly requires the attend, 
ance of an experienced practitioner — but the prevention is often in 
the power of owners and others about horses, and to this point 
we shall particularly direct their attention. Poll-evil is commonly 
the effect of accident. Repeated small blows of the manger, or 
continued pressure from hanging back on the halter, &.c. will, if 
not remedied, produce swelling at the nape of the neck, with 
some tenderness. In this early state, if the collar be removed 
and the part be kept continually wet with vinegar and water, the 
swelling will often disperse — but if, in spite of this, it proceeds 
to suppuration, let a vent be made for the matter by a seton [116] 
80 that it may readily flow out. Introduce notliing healing, but 
encourage a free discharge, and it may heal at once. When such 
is not the issue, the disease attacks the ligaments ; sinuses form, 
and the matter burrows under the skin and muscles, when a 
seton must be introduced from the opening above and should be 
Drought out at the bottom ; the seton should be then daily wetted 
with the liquid blister. (Vet. Pharm. 141.) Should this plan fail, 
escharotics will be required in the form of scalding mixture. (Vet, 
Pharm. 165.) 

22. Strangles, vives or ives. This disease has been likened to 
the human measles, because it usually attacks every horse, and 



DISEASES Of HORSES. 209 

most of them at a young period, between three and five years ; it 
IS fortunate when it attacks colts at grass, as it seldom occasions 
inconvenience, and which has led some persons into error by 
turning their horses out as soon as attacked ; but it is not found 
that stabled horses, thus turned out, pass through the disease more 
mildly, but the contrary, except the disease exists under its mildest 
form. White has conjectured that colts breeding the strangles 
while at grass, are afterwards exempt from glanders, but this wants 
confirmation. Prosser has also affirmed, that inoculation by the 
matter of strangles, is good, because it mitigates the complaint, and 
renders the horse not liable to any future attack ; but the practice 
has never gained ground : when strangles occurs in the stable, and 
now and then in the field, it proves a severe disease, and shows 
itself under the appearance of a cold, with cough, sore throat, and 
swelling of the glands under the jaw, or behind and under the ears. 
Seme times there is not much external swelling, and the tumours 
break inwardly, and nature effects a cure ; at others they break 
outwardly, and the disease runs off that way, and some times the 
swellings disperse either by nature or art, which breeders think 
unfavourable, as they suppose it renders the animal liable to a future 
attack ; but many so treated, pass the remainder of their lives 
(vithout more affection. 

23. The treatment of Strangles. When the swelling lingers, 
and neither comes forward or recedes, poultices are preferable to 
fomentations, which, by leaving the horse wet, promote evapora 
tion and produce cold. Peal recommends blistering the part, as 
the best means of promoting suppuration. The horse should be 
kept very cool, and bran mashes with warm water should be his 
principal support, unless the complaint lasts long, and produces 
much weakness, when malt mashes should be substituted ; bleeding 
is only advisable when the early symptoms are violent, as heaving 
at tlae flanks, extreme soreness of throat, with much swelling around 
it, and considerable cough, in which case bleeding, and fever medi- 
cines are proper. 

24. Vives, or ives, is supposed to be a relic of the latter com 
plaint, and it does .appear now and then that after tne strangles, the 
parotid or vive glands do remain enlarged [24,] which occasions the 
disease in question, resolution may be attempted by mercurial fiic- 
tions, suppuration should be avoided, otherwise the gland may be 
destroyed 

25. Diseases of the mouth, lampass. All horses, but particularly 
verv young ones, are liable to enlargement of the rugae or ndgea 



210 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

of the palate, dependent not on any local disease confined to tne 
part itself, but occasionally by an affection of the whole passage of 
the mouth, throat, and stomach. It is usual to attend to the part 
only, which is sacrificed or burnt to little purpose, when a mild dose 
of physic, or gentle alteratives, would prove more certain expedi- 
ents ; to which may be added rubbing the part with bay salt, or 
with vinegar. 

26. Bridle sores. When the bit in colt breaking, or in hard 
pulling horses, has hurt the bars, care is requisite to prevent the 
bone becoming carious. Touch daily with oegyptiacum, and cover 
the bit with leather, unless total rest can be allowed. 

27. The teeth, which present themselves on the lower parts of 
the jaws, are the incisive and canine. The two front incisives are 
properly called nippers or gatherers. The two next adjoining 
separators or middle teeth, and the outer, the corners ; but it 
would be more indefinite to say the first, second, and third inci. 
sives, beginning at the corner. Tusks or tushes occupy a part of 
the intermediate space between the incisive and grinding teeth. — 
The teeth, as criteria of age, will be seen by reference to Mason, 
(page 72.) 

The teeth of the horse are the hardest and most compact bones 
of the body. There are usually *forty of them in the horse, and 
there are thirty-six in the mare ; in which latter, the tushes are 
usually wanting. In anatomical language, they are divided into 
incisores, cuspidati, and molares, or according to the language of 
firriers and horsemen, into twelve nippers, four tushes, and twenty- 
four grinders, which numbers are equally divided between the two 
jaws. The teeth are received into indentations or sockets between 
the bony plates of the jaw, called alveoli, by cone-like roots. Tho 
bodies of the teeth are principally composed of two substances, 
one of the nature of common bone, giving bulk and form, and one 
of extreme hardness, placed in man and carnivorous animals wholly 
without the teeth to give strength and durability : but the horse and 
other granivroiB, the latter particularly, is placed in the grinders, 
m perpendicular plates, within the body of the teeth ; by which 
contrivance, a rough grinding surface is kept up ; for the mere 
bony parts wearing faster than the lamellae of enamel, it follows 
that ridges remain to triturate the vegetable matter that passes be 
tween the teeth. 

There are two sets of teeth, a temporaneons or milk set, and a 
permanent or adult set, ir. which wise provision, man and most 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 211 

brutes participate. The miik set are some of them, as the molars, 
apparent at birth ; there being usually six grinders in each jaw, 
three on each side in the new born foal, and which number of this 
set is never increased. The nippers begin to appear soon after 
birth, and follow a regular order of succession, until the animal is 
three or four months old ; at which time he begins to require 
support from herbage as well as milk. The temporaneous set re- 
tiove gradually one after another ; had they all been displaced at 
he same time, or even had several of them fallen out together, the 
inimal must have suffered great inconvenience, and perhaps have 
>cen starved. This removal, which commences at the age of two 
/ears and a half, and is completed between the fourth and fifth 
/ear, is effected by the action of the absorbents on their fangs, and 
Appears to be occasioned by the stimulus of the pressure received 
from the growing teeth under them. For although these two sets 
appear with an interval of some years between them ; yet the rudi- 
ments of both are formed at nearly the same period, and both sets 
may be thus seen in a dissected jaw. Regulated by the stimulus 
of necessity, as soon ds the temporaneous set falls out, the perma- 
nent appears : and that such appearance follows the necessity, is 
evident ; for a premature or accidental removal of the colts' teeth 
is soon followed by the appearance of the others. Dealers and 
breeders aware of this, draw the milk teeth to make their colts 
appear as horses. It was necessary there should be two sets of 
teeth, for as they grow slowly in proportion to the jaws, so had 
there been but one only, the disproportion of growth between tha 
teeth and jaws must have separated them. 

The forms of the teeth vary more than their structure. The inci 
sive or nippers are round, which is favourable for the pressure they 
undergo ; the upper more so than the lower. On the upper surface 
a hollow is seen in the young tooth, which, not extending through 
the whole substance, naturally wears out with the wear of the tooth ; 
and as a considerable degree of regularity occurs in this wearing 
away in all horses, it has gradually settled into the general criterion 
of age. The nippers are not all of them exactly similar ; the corner 
teeth differ most in being exactly triangular, and in having an 
interval wall or side, which does not become level with the rest until 
long after the others. The cuspidate tusks or tushes are permanent, 
appearing at about five years, or rather earlier ; those in the front 
jaw are usually nearer the nippers than those below. Each pre- 
sents a slight curve, which follows the direction of all the canine 
or pugnatory teeth of other mammalia. The pointed extremity 
wears away by age, leaving merely a buttoned process, wliich maj 
19* 



212 DISEASES OF HOUSES. 

serve as a guide to the age, when the horse is suspected to bo 
bishoped, as it is called, from a man of that name who was peculiarly 
dexterous in imitating on old teeth the distinctive cavity of youth. 
The molar or grinding teeth are stronger in the upper than in the 
lower jaw ; which was necessary, as they form the fixed point in 
the process of grinding. The upper surface presents nearly a long 
square, indented from the alteration of the enamel with the bony 
portions; and as the interior or upper teeth hang over the posterior, 
so the ridges of the one set are received into the depressions of the 
other. 

Wear of the teeth. The teeth, in a state of nature, would probably 
present a surface opposed to each other for mastication to the latest 
period of the most practised life ; but the removal of the animal 
from moist food to that which is hard and dry, must occasion an 
unnatural wear in those organs ; and hence, although the teeth of 
the horse, even in a domesticated state, are not subject to the caries 
of the human ; yet the grinders are liable to become thus injured 
by continued exertion. In the young or adult horse, the upper and 
under grinders do not meet each other horizontally ; on the con- 
trary, they have naturally an inclination obliquely inwards, and 
those of the upper jaw present small spaces between each other, 
;;'hile those of the lower are more continuous : by which means as 
»he food, u'dt particularly as interrupted portions, as grain, become 
<rround, they fall iiito the mouth to be replaced under the grinding 
surface, if necessary, by the joint action of the tongue and muscles 
of the cheek. This arrangement becomes in a great measure frus- 
trated in old horses, by the superior wear of the inner surface of 
the upper grinders, as well as by the general misapplication of the 
surfaces of both upper and under teeth, by constant attrition when 
worn down to the gums nearly. The unfortunate animal fee's 
sensible of this, and endeavours to remedy it by throwing the wear 
on the outer edge, by an inclination of the lower jaw and of the 
head in general ; and which is so particular in its appearance as to 
engage the attention of the by-standers. This defect may be in a 
considerable degree remedied by casting the animal, and having 
opened and wedged the mouth so as to keep it so, with a well tem- 
pered concave file to remove the inequality as much as may be. 
When the defect is considerable, and the horse is mild and quiet, it 
is better to file the inequalities every day, which will gradually but 
effectually wear them down. It however happens, that the inclina- 
tion thus to wear is commonly resumed, and gradually the same 
loss of nutriment takes place ; in which case, soft moist food, as 
carrots, mashes, soiling, or grazing, must be substituted for harder 



DISEASES OP HORSES. 213 

substances, and if corn be actually necessary, let it be bruise.l 
Whenever an old horse betrays symptoms of want of condition, or 
weakness and emaciation, that neither his mode of feeding nor hia 
ratio of work will account for, and particularly if whole grains 
should be found in his dung, his teeth should be examined care- 
t'ully. This undue wearing of the teeth occasions another evil often, 
which is ulceration of the cheeks, by reason of the projecting ragged 
surface of the uneven teeth, which can only be remedied by the 
removal of such portions. These projecting portions are called by 
farriers, wolve's teeth. 

Diseases of the Neck. 

28. Fistulous withers are brought on usually by pressure from a 
saddle with too low or narrow a tree, and what has been said both 
with regard to prevention and cure on the subject of poll-evil, ap- 
plies here also. (116.) 

29. Sore throat is common to horses in colds, in influenzas, and 
in strangles. (13, 22.) In every case, the horse finds great difficulty 
in reaching every thing that stretches his neck downwards or up- 
wards, his water therefore should be held to him, and his hay should 
be pulled for him ; omission of these services greatly aggravates 
the sufferings of horses labouring under sore throat. 

30. Swelled Neck. A very serious swelling sometimes follows 
on bleeding with a rusty or poisoned lancet, or fleam, and some- 
times from causes not apparent. (126.) 

The Chest. 

31. Inflammation of the lungs, is a disease to which 
the horse is peculiarly hable, as we might a priori 
suspect, from the vast dimensions of his circulatory 
system, and the vast alteration from a natural state to 
which we subject him, and thereby increase his pul- 
monary circulation. 

32. The causes are these deviations remotely, but the immediate 
attack is generally brought on by sudden cold, acting on a heated 
surface, and thus it is that knackers, and collar makers in frosty 
weather expect a glut of horses that die from this disease. Hard 
ridincr is a very common cause, and high feeding also ; it often 
commences slowly ; a hard dry cough has been slightly noticed, but 



214 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

occasioning no alarm for two or three days ; gradually, however, 
the cough appears to give the horse pain ; he occasionally shivers 
and his ears and feet feel colder than the rest of his body, he heaves 
at the flanks, and the lining of his nose is inflamed, and his eyelids 
also ; the appetite now becomes affected and although there is not 
much apparent pain, except when the horse coughs ; yet there is 
much anxiety of countenance present. The pulse is usually small, 
but quick ; if in this state the horse be taken out and exercised 
quickly, it is almost always fatal to him ; it likewise happens that 
this complaint is sometimes mistaken for distemper, and from a fear 
of profuse bleeding, the only remedy that is to be depended on, is 
oiintted, and the horse is lost. At the veterinary college, in these 
cases, a small dose of aloes is given every six hours, and after being 
bled and rowelled, the horse is turned out in the open air; and it 
is affirmed that many recover from this treatment. Certain it is, 
that the stable in which a horse is placed in this disease can hardly 
be too cool ; but when entirely turned out, his feet and legs cannot 
conveniently be hand-rubbed, or bandaged up to promote circula- 
tion ; neither can we blister a horse when turned out, so conve- 
niently ; and on blistering we depend as the second source of cure. 

33. The treatment is to be commenced by attempts at lessening 
the action of the arterial system by early and large bleedings, as 
seven or eight quarts from a large horse, and which should be re- 
peated in five or six hours if he be not relieved in his breathing. 
Immediately rub into the brisket, on the chest, and behind the fore 
legs, the blister. {Vet. Pha. 138, No. 1.) Give half a dose of physic, 
and assist it by mashes and warm water, which if not readily taken, 
horn down. Back-rake also, and throw up the laxative clyster. 
(Vet. Pha. 143.) Avoid all exercise, clothe moderately, allow a free 
circulation of cool air through the stable, and rub the legs frequently, 
and when not under this process, keep them bandaged up to the 
knees, with hay bands, or woollen cloths. The terminations of 
tliis complaint are various. It is not uncommon for the horse to 
appear better, to eat and to drink, and to excite every hope of a 
perfect recovery ; but on some sudden exertion he falls down and 
expires. On examination after death, it is found that effusion of a 
large quantity of serous fluid has taken place in the chest. 

34. Thick wind is another termination of pneumonia by leaving 
the bronchial passages charged with coagulated blood. Moderate 
exercise and soiling in the stable with mild mercurial physic, form 
the best modes of treatment, but it frequently happens that the 
cough resists all these, and terminates in broken wind. 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 215 

35. Roaring is also a termination of pneumonia, in whicli case 
tlic lungs are not affected, but congealed blood, under the name of 
coaguhible lymph, remains in the trachea or windpipe, and obstructs 
tlie free passage of the air; by means of which the roaring noise is 
made. It is in vain to expect a cure : blistering the throat some- 
times slightly relieves it. 

36. Chronic cough is also a termination of pneumonia, and ap 
pears dependent on a peculiar irritability the disease leaves in tho 
bronchial passages, which are found afterwards incapable of bearing 
any sudden alteration of temperature ; thus horses with this kind of 
cough are excited to it as soon as the stable door opens, and by 
every exertion, by drinking, by eating, and in fact by any thing 
that alters the situation of the body, or is new to the part. But 
besides pneumonia or inflammation of the lungs producing it, it is 
often brought on likewise by gross feeding, whicli, weakening the 
stomach, impoverishes the blood, and thus injures the lungs which 
are fed by that blood. Worms also by the same means are a cause 
of chronic cough. It is thus that we expect to derive benefit by 
mediums acting on the stomach. Green food is often found useful, 
but particularly carrots. The hay should be excellent in quality 
and small in quantity ; and it will be found that soiling in the 
stable, but particularly a course of carrots, forms a better plan oi" 
treatment than turning out. If worms be suspected, treat as under 
that head. [57.] Formul6B of chronic cough balls are seen in the 
Vet. Pharm. [148.] 

37. Broken wind is also sometimes brought on by pneumonia, and 
sometimes by occult causes. It is often occasioned by over exer- 
tion after full meals, in which the lungs become permanently 
weakened, perhaps ruptured in their air cells. Inexperienced per- 
sons find some difficulty in detecting broken wind from other chest 
affections, as chronic cough, occasional colds, 6lc. &c. 

38. Criteria of broken wind. The cough which accompanies 
broken wind, is a short, deep, hollow, grunting noise, and the short 
grunting expiration is peculiarly excited by turning a horse quickly 
round, striking him smartly with a stick at the same time, which 
often produces a deep sound without the cough ; and which is so 
significant as never to be mistaken when once heard and attended 
to : but the principal peculiarity arises from the beating of the 
flanks, which operate rather by three eflforts than two as usual. 
In the first, the air is drawn in, in the usual manner, and the flanks 
fill up as in common ; but in the next, the falling of the flanks is 



^16 DISEASES OF HOllSES. 

by no means natural, for it is not done by a gradual sinking of the 
sides, but it takes place at once, with a kind of a jerk, as though 
tlie horse were sighing ; and then a third effort takes place by a 
more slow drawing up of tlic muscles of the belly and flanks, to 
press out tlie remaining air. Broken wind destroys the fecundity 
of the marc, and hence argues permanent alteration of structure ; it 
IS also always incurable, but horses may be rendered very useful 
that have it, by feeding them very nutritiously, but with food much 
condensed in bulk. Little hay should be allowed, and that little 
sliould be wet; water in any other way should be given but spa. 
ringly, for which they are however very greedy ; from which circum- 
stance, as well as that they are peculiarly flatulent, we learn, that 
the vitiation of the lungs is either aggravated by the deranged state 
of the digestive organs ; or, which is more probable, that the diges- 
tive powers become weakened from the state of the lungs. 

39. Diseases of the belly. Inflamed stomach seldom attatiks the 
horse as an idiopathic affection, but it is not unfrequent for the 
stomach to become inflamed by mineral poison as well as rendered 
inert by vegetable ones. 

40. Mineral poisons inflame the stomach acutely, and produce 
excessive distress, and cold sweats ; the animal lies down, rolls, 
gets up again, looks short round to his ribs, stamps with his fore 
feet, and his pulse beats quick and short. When arsenic or corro- 
sive sublimate have occasioned the malady, a viscid mucus distils 
from the nose and mouth, and the breath is foetid. When copper 
in the form of vitriolic salts, or verdigris has been given, to the 
foregoing symptoms are usually added ineffectual attempts to vomit. 
Immediately after the poison is discovered, pour down two ounces 
of sulphuretted potash, in a quart of water; or in the absence of 
that, an ounce of common potash in the same qiKintity of water : 
or, when no better substitute is at hand, even strong soap suds are 
advisable. Mineral poisons have also another mode of acting, and 
are often received into the constitution, neither by design to do 
miscliief, nor by mistake, but are purposely given as remedies. — 
In this way, DoVn mercury and arsenic are frequently given for 
worms, glanders, farcy, &.c. in daily doses, which, when even of 
considerable magnitude, occasion for many days no inconvenience ; 
all at once, however, the constitution becomes fully saturated with 
the poison, and although before diffused throughout the blood, it 
now appears to return and act on the stomach to the great surprise 
of the owner. In these cases the symptoms are not usually so 
violent as in the former instance, but they are equally fatal. A 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 217 

Similar treatment witli the one already prescribed is necessary, and 
as soon as the first symptoms are abated, give laxatives. In all 
these cases large quantities of linseed tea should be horned down, 
the back should be raked and clysters thrown up, blood should also 
De taken away plentifully. As a preventive to this latter mode of 
poisoning, whenever mineral agents are used, it is prudent every 
five or six days to stop a while, and then recommence, by which 
the constitution will part with the previous quantity. 

41. Salivation is also another mode of poisoning, and though not 
equally injurious to the stomach, it often proves distressing, and 
sometimes fatal. Whenever, therefore, mercurials are given, care, 
fully watch the gums, and as soon as they look red, and the horse 
quids his hay, give him a mild purge instead of his mercurial. 

42. Vegetable poisons also inflame the stomach, but by no means 
in an equal degree with the mineral poisons, nor is it supposed that 
it is the inflammation they raise that proves destructive, but by an 
effect communicated through the stomach to the nervous system. 
Digitalis purpurea or foxglove, taxus haccata or yew, ananthe 
crocata or water dropwort, cicutavirosa or water hemlock, phell an. 
drium aquaticum or water parsley, conium maculatum or common 
hemlock, are all poisonous in a high degree to horses, and may be 
taken accidentally by the animal as food, or given injudiciously as 
medicine. Nicotiana, or tobacco, and the vegetable acid of vinegar, 
are also poisonous, and are sometimes productive of injurious con. 
sequences by over-doses, when intended as remedies. It is little 
known that a pint of strong vinegar has destroyed a horse. As we 
cannot remove the matters from the stomach, we must endeavour 
to neutralize their effects, by acids and demulcents, as oil, butter, 
&.C. Thus, when narcotics have been taken, a drachm of sul. 
phuric acid or oil of vitriol may be given in a quart of ale ; or six 
ounces of vinegar, with six of gin, and a quart of ale, may be tried. 

43. Stomach staggers. This peculiar complaint, which is even 
yet but little understood, appears dependent on a particular state 
of stomach, acting on particular foods ; and not on what is taken 
in, acting on tlie stomach, as was supposed by Coleman, White, 
and others. From later communications of White, he also now ap. 
pears to consider it as originating in "a particular state of stomach." 
Blaine apjjcars always to have characterized it as " a specific inflam. 
mation of the stomach." It appears among horses of every descrip. 
tion, and at giass as well as in the stable, and there is reason to 
litink it epiilemic, as it is prevalent in some iieasons more thaa 



218 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

in others. It may, perhaps, be regarded now ana then as enaeraic 
also; under which circumstance it appears confined to low wet 
situations, where long marshy grass is abundant, and where noxious 
aquatic plants mix tliemselves with the grasses. When it occurs 
dt grass, the horse is found stupidly dull, or asleep with his head 
resting against something. This has occasioned the disease to 
be call«d the sleepy staggers, and it has often been confounded with 
the phrenitis or inflammation of the brain. (8.) In the stable the 
horse dozes, and rests his head in the manger ; he then walks up 
and falls to eating, which he continues to do until the distention of 
the stomach becomes enormous ; for the peculiarity of the com. 
plaint consists in the total stop that is put to digestion, and the 
uneasy feel of the distension consequent to such indigestion appears 
to deceive the horse, and by a morbid excitement to force him to 
take in more. In this way he continues eating until the distention 
prevents the return of the blood from the head, and the animal dies 
apoplectic, or his stomach bursts with over-distention. More fre- 
quently, however, the stomach becomes flabby, inert, and paralytic, 
and after death presents marks of inflammation towards the pylorus. 

44. The treatment. When recovery has taken place, it has 
occurred only when the disease has been very mild, and has been 
assisted by stimulating the stomach into action by purgatives, at 
once active and invigorating, as an ounce of aloes dissolved in a 
half pint of gin. When a horse of extreme value is attacked, croton 
oil might be tried to the amount of 20 or 25 drops in two ounces of 
tincture of aloes. Warm water in small quantities, or mixed with 
common salt should be frequently passed down. Remove every 
eatable, rake, clyster, and hand rub ; and if the determination to 
the head be extreme, bleed — otherwise avoid it. 

45. Inflammation of the bowels, enteritis, or red colic, is a very 
distinct disease from the gripes, gullion, or fret, with which it is, 
however, very apt to be confounded to the destruction of many 
horses. The peritoneal inflammation of the bowels, the one here 
treated on, is an affection of tlieir outer covering. 

46. The causes are various. It is not unfrequently brought on by 
a sudden translation of cold after great heats, as swimming during 
hunting, or from the removal of a horse from grass at once into 
heated stables, clothing and hard food ; neglected gripes, or long 
continued costiveness, excessive riding, and the immediate drinking 
of cold water, have brought it on. It begins by restlessness, loss 
of appetite, some uneasiness ; the mouth is hot and dry, the innei 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 219 

membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyelids are often redder than 
natural. As the disease advances, the pain, before not violent, 
now increases so as to force the horse to lie down and rise again 
frequently ; and when very violent, he kicks at his belly, or looks 
round at his sides, pawing -lis litter very frequently. Tlie pulse is 
usually small, quick, or hard ; sometimes it is more full and small^ 
but always hard. Breathing is quickened, the extremities are 
alternately hot and cold, but continue longer cold than hot ; and 
the animal is costive ; sometimes pain may force away a few har- 
dened balls of fceces, but the principal contents are retained. 
Blaine has given the distinguishing features between tliis diaeaso 
and colic, under which head we have stated them. 

47. The treatment must be active and immediate, or a fatal ter- 
mination mr.y be expected. Begin by abstracting a considerable 
quantity of blood ; from a large horse to the amount of 7 or 8 quarts ; 
proceed to back-rake, tlirow up a large clyster of warm gruel. Give , 
by the mouth, a pint of castor oil, mixed by the means of the yelk 
of two eggs, with half a pint of broth or gruel. Or, give olive oil 
instead, following it up in half an hour by a gruel drench in which 
six ounces of Ejjsom salts have been dissolved. A sheep skin, im- 
mediately as it is removed from the sheep, may be applied to the 
belly, which sliould first be well rubbed with the stronger liquid 
blister. (Vet. Pha. 141.) In four hours repeat the bleeding, if con- 
siderable improvement have not taken place, and if the bowels be 
not unloaded, give more oil, and clyster frequently, having first 
back-raked. Avoid exercise ; first hand-rub, and afterwards wrap 
up the extremities to the knees. As a clear passage for the dung 
is found, the symptoms mitigate, and the animal slowly recovers , 
but he must be fed at first very sparingly. 

48. Inflammation of the inner surface of the intestines is, in some 
measure, different from the former, which is rather an affection ol 
their outer covering ; whereas this is usually confined to their villous! 
surface, and may be brought on by superpurgation from over-strong 
physic, or from mineral acids being taken in, particularly mercu- 
rials, which often exert more influence on the bowels than on the 
stomach. It differs from the. former in the symptoms being gener- 
ally accompanied with purging ; neither is there usually so much 
pain or uneasiness present, nor such cold extremities, but where 
from the violence of the inflammation these symptoms arc present, 
bleeding to the amount of three or four quarts is a proper pre. 
liminary, but can hardly be with propriety continued. The same 
BLinmlants to the outside of the belly should be used as in the last 

20 



230 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

disease ; but here clothing is recommended as well as warmth in 
the stable, as also hand-rubbing to keep up the circulation of tho 
extremities. Give astringent drink (Vet, Pha. 131, No. 1 or 2.) 
with a pint of boiled starch every three hours, and give the same 
by clyster with two quarts of pot liquor, or tripe liquor, free from 
salt. 

49. Dysenteric inflainmation of the horse's bowels is happily not 
very common, but now and then appears, and is then called by 
farriers, molten grease ; they mistaking the morbid secretion from 
the intestines, for the fat of the body melted down and passing off 
thus. But dysentery is a peculiar inflammation of the mucous sur- 
face of the intestines, not contagious as in the human, nor epidemic, 
nor exhibiting a putrid tendency ; but is peculiarly confined to a 
diseased increase in the mucous secretions, yet very different from 
simple diarrhoea, which is a mere increase in the peristaltic motion, 
by whicli the common aliments are quickly passed through the 

' intestines, and ejected in a liquid form by an increase in their watery 
secretion. Whereas in tlie dysentery of the horse, the mucous of 
the intestines separates from them in large quantities ; and comes 
away with the dung surrounding it ; but when it does not pass in 
this way it appears in membranous films like sodden leatlier, or in 
stringy evacuations, like morsels of fat floating in water ; sometimes 
there is a little bloody appearance. The usual symptoms of fever 
are always present, but not in a very higli degree. 

50. The causes are cold, over-riding, and not unfrequently 
acrid substances within the intestines : change of food has occa- 
sioned it. 

51. The treatment. In the first stages bleed considerably, and 
give as the first internal remedy six ounces of castor oil, which will 
amend the fcecal evacuations considerably, afterwards administer 
the following; powdered ipecacuanha, a drachm; poicdered opium, 
a scruple ; liquid arrowroot, eight ounces. Should this not check 
the evacuation, and should it continue as mucous as at first, again 
give castor oil, and tlien follow it up by either of the drinks directed 
^nr the cure of scouring or looseness. {Vet. Pha. 131.) 

52. Diarrhosa or looseness. This complaint originates in an in 
creased peristaltic motion of the intestines, with an increase of 
their watery secretion, and is distinguislind from dysentery by th" 
jiufging being complete from the first, and seldom occasioning much 
fever or disturbance in the general health, unless exceedingly vio- 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 221 

lent. The stools are merely solutions of the aliment, and unmixed 
with membranous films as in dysentery or molten grease. Ii some- 
times succeeds to over strong physic, at others the food enters into 
new combinations, and forms a purge. Some liorses have their 
bowels constitutionally weak, as lank-sided small carcassed ones, 
where the mechanical pressure hurries the contents forwards. Salt 
mashes and sea water will purge horses violently sometimes. It is 
always proper to encourage warmth in the skin, and to change the 
food. The change should be generally from one more moist to one 
less so, as beans, &,c. Barley will sometimes stop looseness ; malt 
usually increases it. Buckwheat is often a check to habitual diar- 
rlicea. Efficacious astringents will be found in the (Vet. P/ia. 131 ) 
Repeat either of these night and morning. Give but little water 
and that little warm. 

53. Colic, flatulent or spasmodic, called also gripes, fret, or gul. 
lion, is an important, because a frequent, disease, and because it 
frequently destroys either quickly by its irritation, or by its de- 
generating into the red or inflammatory colic, when improperly 
treated or long continued. It is usually very sudden in its attack. 

54. The causes of colic are not always apparent. It is sometimes 
occasioned by intestinal stones, which accumulate to a great size, 
remaining for years in the cells of the colon, until some accidental 
displacem.ent occasions an interruption to the peristaltic motion. 
Cold in its various forms is a parent of colic ; but under the form 
of cold water given when a horse is hot, it is most common. 
In some horses it is so frequent as to become a constitusional ap- 
pendage. 

55. The distinguishing marks between colic and inflammation of 
the bowels are gained, according to Blaine, by attending to the 
following circumstances. In gripes the horse has violent fits of 
pain, but they remit, and he has intervals of ease. The pain in red 
colic is more uniform and less violent. In gripes the pulse is, in 
general, natural ; in red colic it is quicker than natural, and com- 
iconly small. The extremities are not usually cold in gripes ; in 
red colic they usually are. In gripes, the horse attempts to roll on 
his back, which in red colic he seldom does. There are no marks 
of fever with gripes, as red eyelids, inflamed nostrils, &c. but m 
red colic they are always present. When the complaint has con- 
tinued some hours it is always proper to bleed to prevent its ending 
in inflammation : bleeding in the mouth is quite useless. Back 
rake, and throw up clysters of warm water, one after another %» 



222 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

fast as possible, wliich often overcomes the irritation. La Fosse 
recommends a curious remedy, but as it can always be obtained, and 
has the sanction of long experience, it may be tried. An onion is 
pounded and mixed up with some powdered savin ; in default of 
which, use powdered ginger. This is to be introduced up the rec- 
tum as high as possible, and the horse is to be then moved briskly 
about. An onion put up the fundament whole, has long been a 
domestic remedy. The following is recommended by Blaine : spirit 
of vitriolic ether, an ounce; powdered opium, one drachm; oil of 
turpentine, three ounces ; warm ale, a pint. He also recommends 
the following more simple remedy as always at hand : the expressed 
juice of two or three large onions ; common gin, common oil, of each 
half a pint ; mix and give. White recommends a pint of brandy, 
or of gin, with water, as an excellent carminative. Clark, who has 
expressly written on gripes, extols the virtues of a mixture thus 
made; which, if it have the qualities he attributes to it, and which 
there is no reason to doubt, no agriculturalist, coach, or post master 
Bhould be without it : pimento berry, called also allspice, ground 
tine, half a pound; spirits ofivine, and of water, of each a pint and 
a half ; infuse tliese together, and keep it for use. Give a quarter 
of a pint every hour until full relief is obtained ; hand-rubbing, 
wisping, or fomenting the bowels witli hot water at the time. 

5G. Inflammation of the intestines from xoounds in the belly fre- 
quently occurs ; and these injuries may happen in leaping over 
hedges or pale gates, or may be inflirt.jd by the horn of a cow. 
Sometimes the strong tendinous covering of the belly is ruptured, 
while the skin remains entire : the gut then protrudes and forces 
out the skin into a tumour. The first thing to be done is to put 
the gut back, taking care at the same time, otherwise extensive 
inflammation follows, to remove any dirt or other matter that may 
be sticking to it ; for which purpose, should it be found necessary, 
it may be washed with warm water, but with nothing stronger. 
If the gut cannot be returned, from its being full of air, and the 
opening in the belly be too small to put it back again, such opening 
may be carefully enlarged to the necessary size. But if the animal 
can be thrown upon his back conveniently, a great deal may be done 
tnai cannot otherwise be accomplished; after the gut is returned, 
the skin only should be stitched up, and a cushion of several folds 
of old linen and tow being placed on the wound, it should be kept 
in Its situation by means of a wide bandage rolled round the body, 
ami carefully secured. The animal should then be copiously bled, 
and have his bowels emptied by clysters. The only food he should 
oe allowed is grass, or bran mashes, and that only in moderate 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 223 

quantit)-. When the distention of the intestines wholly prevents 
their return, it would be prudent to puncture them with a very fino 
instrument, and thus to suffer the air to escape, which, although 
sulijecting the horse to the risk of inflammation, is better than the 
certainty of deatli by having tlie intestines protruded. 

57. Worms of horses are found, as bots, in the stomach, but 
which as they attach themselves to the hard insensible part of that 
organ seldom do harm. Clark fancifully supposes they do good, 
and devises means for furnishing them when not in existence. The 
bol is the larva of the oestrus equi, a fly which deposits its eggs on 
piirts of the horse himself, from whence they pass into the stomach 
by being licked off". Certain it is they get there, are hatched, and 
there remain hanging to the coats of it by two tentaculse, receiving 
the juices of the masticated food as nutriment. After a considerable 
time they make their way out by the anus, drop on the ground, "and 
are first transformed into the chrysalids, and afterwards into parent 
flies. When bots fix themselves on the sensible portion of the 
stomacli, they may do harm ; but no medicine that we knew of will 
destroy them. The teres or large round worm sometimes occasions 
mischief, when it exists in great numbers, such as a starting coat, 
binding of the hide, irregular appetite, and clammy mouth. The 
best remedy is the spigelia marylandica or Indian pink, in daily 
doses of half an ounce. Tcenia are not common in the horse ; now 
and then they exist, and are best combatted by weekly doses of oil 
of turpentine, three ounces at a time, mixed by means of the yelk 
of an egg with half a pint of ale. The ascaris or thread worms, are 
best removed by mercurial purgatives. The existence of worms 
may be known by the appearance of a yellow matter under the tail, 
and by the disposition the horse has to rub his fundament. Blaine 
recommends the following vermifuge : powdered arsenic, eight 
grains; pewter or tin finely scraped ; Venice turpentine, half an 
ounce; make into a ball and give every morning. He also recom- 
mends salt to be given daily with the food, which agrees with our 
own experience as one of the best vermifuges known. It is a fact 
acknowledged by the residents along the sea-coast, that horses 
troubled with worms will often voluntarily drink largely of sea 
water, and thus cure themselves. 

56. The diseases of the liver are acute inflammation or hepatitis, 
and chronic inflammation or yellows. Hepatitis is the acute inflam. 
mati on of this organ, which like the lungs, stomach, and intestines, 
may spontaneously take on the aflfection. The symptoms are not 
unlike those which attend red colic, but with less violence. If it 
20* 



224 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

be not however arrested, the termination will be equally fatal. 
About the third day the wliites of the eyes turn yellow and the 
mouth also. Bleeding, blistering, and purgatives form the method 
of cure as practised in red colic. 

59. Chronic inflammation or yellows. The liver of horses is less 
complex than that of any other animals, and is therefore not very 
liable to disease ; indeed some authors affirm that the horse is never 
affected with jaundice, but that the yellowness of skin is a mere 
stomach affection : this is, however, erroneous, and not only does 
the liver become hardened and thickened occasionally, but the bile 
becomes diseased, and is thrown out in that state by the blood over 
the body. If fever be present, bleed, but if the symptoms present 
no token of active inflammation, give each night, ten grains of 
calomel, and every ten days, work it off with a mild dose of physic. 
It is, however, necessary to remark ; that it is not every yellowness 
of the skin that betokens either an acute or chronic inflammation of 
the liver. It is the ])roperty of every serious inflammation of any 
of the important organs of the chest and belly, to communicate a 
portion of the evil to the other organs immediately in conjunction 
with the liver : thus an affection of the stomach or intestines, of the 
inflammatory kind, very often occasions redness of the membranes 
of the nose, eyelids, &c. &c. 

60. Diseases of the urinary organs. Inflammation of the kidneys, 
is an idiopathic affection, not one of frequent occurrence ; but as 
brought on by injuries, sucli as over-riding, heavy loads, or violent 
diuretics, it is not unfrequent : when idiopathic, it maybe the effect 
either of cold, heating food, or a translation of some other inflam- 
mation, in which cases it comes on suddenly, and assumes the same 
febrile appearances that other intestine inflammations produce ; but 
there is not often great apparent pain, but a frequent inclination to 
stale, tlie quantity made being so small as almost to amount to a 
stoppage of urine, which is less or more complete as one or both 
kidneys are affected. What little urine is made, is also at first very 
thick, and then bloody. When the disease is the effect of external 
injury, the urine is not so scanty, but is more bloody ; and this 
symptom precedes the other. There is usually much pain and 
stiffness about the loins, and we learn from Blaine, that a swelling 
and a paralytic affection of the hind leg of the side of the affected 
kidney, sometime? is a feature in the complaint. To distinguish 
this inflammation from that of the neck or body of the bladder, 
with which it may be confounded, the same author recommends 
that the hand be passed up the rectum, when if the affection belong 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 22 

to the kidneys, the bladder, whether full or empty, will not be hotter 
than usual ; but the contrary occurs when any part of the bladder 
is the seat of the disease. 

61. The treatment must be active, and m most respects similar 
to what has been '/ecommended for red colic, as regards bleeding, 
emptying the bowels, and endeavouring to lessen the arterial action 
by bleeding ; but here we must carefully abstain from irritating 
the kidneys by diuretics internally, or blisters externally. A newly 
srtipped sheep skin placed over the loins, or active fomentations of 
hot water, are the only sources of counter irritation that are proper ; 
neither should diluting liquors be pressed, on account of the dis 
tention they occaf-\on, but no evil can arise from clystering. 

62. Inflammation of the bladder. When the body of the bladder 
becomes inflamed, there is frequent staling from the very first 
attack ; but when the neck of the bladder is the seat of the evil, the 
squeezing out of a few drops will only take place when the bladder 
has become filled, which may be known by passing the hand up the 
rectum. The treatment will be alike in both cases, and is the 
same as recommended for the last affection. It must be evident, 
that warm, mild, and frequent clystering, must here be peculiarly 
advisable. 

63. Stranguary or suppression of urine ; incontinence of urine ; 
bloody urine. Stranguary may arise from an injury done to the 
kidneys, or to the bladder, by strains, or by the absorption of irri- 
tating matters. In these cases, bleed if there be fever, and if not 
merely give the horse absolute rest ; mash him, give gruel, and 
warm his water for drink. Bloody urine should be treated in the 
same way ; some horses have such a natural or acquired weakness 
of the kidneys, as to stale blood with their urine on every occasion 
of over exertion : the means frequently used for relief, are such as 
aggravate the complaint, and indeed are often the occasion of it, 
which are diuretics. Strong diuretics injure horses more than 
strong physic, and benefit them less than any other of the popular 
means made use of. In retentions of urine, but particularly in cases 
of bloody urine, they are absolutely improper. 

64. Diabetes, profuse staling, or pissing evil. This disease is 
more frequently forced on the horse, by long continued diuretics, 
or from a similar effect brought on by kiln-dried oats, mow-burnt 
hay, or some green vegetables, than acquired from constitutional 
indisposition. The horse first stales often, and profusely, he then 
becomes weak and faint, and sweats on any exertion. If >! be at ail 



226 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

ronstitutional, his hide is bound from the beginning, and his urine 
will have a sweet taste ; but if his appetite were good and his coat 
sleek, bright, and elastic, when the urine was first observed to be 
immoderate, the evil arises from some fault in the feeding, clothing, 
exercise, or other management of the horse. Examine into these 
matters, particularly into the food, and next the water. Inquire 
whether diuretics have been given, under an erroneous supposition 
of increasing the condition, and alter what may be amiss. If this 
do not remove the complaint, try the following, after Blaine's direc- 
tions: liver of sulphur, two drachms; uva ur si, four drachms; oak 
bark, one ounce ; catechu, half 'in ounce ; alum, half a drachm,; give 
as a daily drink in a pint of water. 

65. Stone or gravel. Calculous concretions are not uncommon 
in the large intestines of horses, where they grow sometimes to an 
enormous size, lodged in one of the cells usually, and where they 
occasion but little inconvenience, except a displacement occurs, 
when serious evils, as colic, inflammation, or total stoppage, follow. 
In the bladder, stone is very seldom found ; and there is reason to 
believe, that though gravel is a common term in the farrier's list, 
that it seldom if ever occurs ; injuries of the kidneys and bladder 
being usually mistaken for it. 

Diseases of the Skin. 

66. Mange is a contagious disease, not uncommon among low 
bred and badly kept horses, but which is seldom generated in those 
properly managed. When it is the effect of impoverished blood, a 
different course of feeding must be substituted, not heating, but 
cooling, though generous ; as carrots, speared oats, malt maches, 
stable soiling, &-c. When it arises in full fed horses, bleed twice, 
lower the feeding, substituting for corn, soiling, carrots, or bran 
mashes. Give a nightly alterative, {Vet. Pharm. 129, No. 1 or 2) 
and dress with either of the mange dressings. (Vet. Pharm. 171.) 
After a cure has been effected, carefully clean all the apartments 
with soap and water. 

67. Surfeit will now and then degenerate into mange, but more 
generally it is brought on by a fulness of habit, acted on by sudden 
transitions from cold to heat, or heat to cold : it is likewise not 
unfrequently the consequence of over-fatigue. If it show a dispo- 
sition to opread, and the skin become scaly and scurfy, treat as under 
mange, otherwise treat as directed under want of condition. (4) 

68. Warbles are of the nature of surfeit in many instances, in 
others they are brought on by the pressure of the saddle, which 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 227 

either suppurate and burst, or become indolent and remain under 
the name of sitfasts. In the early state, bathe them with cham- 
ber-Icy or vinegar: If they proceed to suppuration, refrain, and 
when they neither go back or come forward, put on a pitch 
plaster, and if this do not promote suppuration, let the sitfast bo 
dissected out. 

69. Warts are common to old horses, and had better be put up 
with unless they be situated in some very inconvenient or con. 
spicuous part. In this case tie a thread tightly around the root, 
and the wart will drop off, or it may be cut off. Blaine recom- 
mends the following, when warts are too numerous to be so 
removed: crude sal ammoniac, two drachms; powdered savin, one 
ounce ; lard, an ounce and a half. 

70. Hide bound is a state of the skin, where the interstitial matter 
between that and the fleshy pannicle is not in a state to allow of 
its pliancy and elasticity. The binding down of the hide thus 
closely, acts on the hair, which it protrudes in a contrary direction 
to its naturally inclined position ; and thus a staring coat usually 
accompanies hide binding. In considering the subject of condition 
(4) we have seen that it is not a disease of itself, but is in every 
instance a symptom only. 

Glanders and Farcy. 

71. The glanders is the opprobrium medicorum, for hitherto no 
att'^mpts have succeeded in the cure of more than a few cases. By 
some peculiar anomaly in the constitution of the horse, although 
conclusive proofs are not wanting that this and farcy are modi- 
fications of one disease, and can each generate the other; yet the 
one is incurable, while the other is cured every day. When slan- 
ders has been cured, the time and labour necessary to accomplish 
the end has swallowed up the value of the horse ; and has also, in 
many supposed instances of cure, left the animal liable to future 
attacks which have occurred. The experiments on glanders, pur 
sued at the veterinary college and by White of Exeter, have thrown 
great light on the disease itself, its causes, connexions, and con- 
sequences ; but have done little more. From these we are led to 
conclude, that glanders will produce farcy, and that farcy can pro- 
duce glanders. That glanders is highly infectious, and that such 
infection may be received by the stomach, or by the skm when it 
is at all abraded or sore : and it is also probable that it is received 
by the noses of horses being rubbed against each other. White's 
experments go to prove that the air of a glandered stable is net 



228 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

mfectious ; but this matter is by no means certain, and should not 
t>o depended on without a greater body of evidence. 

72. The marks of glanders are a discharge of purulent matter 
from ulcers situated in one or botli nostrils, more often from the 
left than the right. This discharge soon becomes glairy, thick, and 
white-of-egg-likc : it afterwards shows bloody streaks, and is fcetid. 
The^lands of the jaw of the aifected side, called tlie kernels, swell 
from an absorption of the virus or poison, and as they exist or do 
not exist, or as they adhere to the bone or are detached from it, so 
some prognosis is vainly attempted by farriers, with regard to the 
disease ; for in some few cases these glands are not at all aifected, 
and in a great many they are not bound down by the affection of 
the jaw. As there are many diseases which excite a secretion of 
matter from the nose, and which is kept up a considerable time ; sc 
it is not always easy to delect glanders in its early stages. Stran- 
gles and violent colds, keep up a discharge from the nostrils foi 
weeks sometimes. In such cases a criterion may be drawn from the 
existence of ulceration within the nose, whenever the disease has 
become confirmed. Tliese glanderous chancres are to be seen on 
opening the nostril a little way up the cavity, sometimes immediately 
opposed to the opening of the nostril; but a solitary chancre should 
not determine the judgment. Tlie health often continues good, and 
sometimes the condition also, until hectic takes place from absorp 
tion, and the lungs participate, when deatli soon closes the scene. 

73. Tke treatment of glanders, it has been already stated, is so 
uncertain that it is hardly worth the attempt ; Iiowever, when the 
extreme value of the horse or the love of experiment leads to it, it 
may be regarded as fixed by experience, tliat nothing but a long 
course of internal remedies, drawn from the mineral acids, can effect 
it. These have been tried in their endless variety : White recom- 
mends the mildest preparations of mercury, athiops mineral; under 
the conviction that the more acrid preparations disturb the powers 
of the constitution so much, as to destroy as effectually as the 
disease. At the veterinary college the sulphate of copper (blue 
vitriol) has been long in use. Others have used the sulphates of 
iron and zinc. Clark recommends the daily administration of a 
drink or ball, composed of the following ingredients : sulphute of 
zinc, 15 grains; powdered cantharides, 7 grains; powdered all. 
spice, 15 grains; of which he gives one or two extraordinary 
proofs of utility. 

74. Tlie farcy is a disease more easily cured than the glanders, 
♦f which our daily experience convmces us ; farcy, or farcin, attacks 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 229 

under distinct forms, one of which affects the lymphatics of the skin, 
and is called the hud or button Jarcy; tlie other is principally con- 
fined to the hind legs, which it affects bj- large indurations, attended 
with heat and tenderness. A mere dropsical accumulation of water 
in the legs sometimes receives the name of water farcy ; but this 
has no connexion whatever with the true disease in question : farcy 
is very contagious, and is gained from either the matter of farcy or 
from that of glanders. 

75. Treatment of farcy. The distended lymphatics or buds may 
often be traced to one sore, which was the originally inoculated 
part, and in these cases the destruction of this sore, and that of all 
the farcied buds, will frequently at once cure the disease, which is 
here purely local. But when the disease has proceeded further, 
the virus must be destroyed through the medium of the stomach ; 
although even in these cases, the cure is rendered more speedy and 
certain, destroying all the diseased buds, by caustic or by cautery 
Perhaps no mode is better than the dividing them with a sharp firing 
iron ; or if deeper seated, by opening each with a lancet, and touching 
the inner surface with lapis infernalis. The various mineral acids 
may any of them be tried as internal remedies with confidence ; 
even losing sight of the necessity of watching their effects narrowly, 
and as soon as any derangement of the health appears, to desist 
from their use ; oxmuriate of quicksilver (corrosive sublimate) may 
be given in daily doses of fifteen grains ; oxide of arsenic may also 
be given in similar doses. The subacetate of copper (verdigris) may 
also be tried, often with great advantage, in doses of a drachm 
daily. Blaine joins these preparations, and strongly recommends 
the following : oxmuriate of quicksilver, oxide of arsenic, subacetate 
of copper, of each eight grains; sublimate of copper, one scruple ; 
make into a ball and give every morning, carefully watching the 
effects, and if it be found to occasion distress, divide, and give half, 
night and morning. The same author professes to have received 
great benefit from the use of the following: expressed juice of 
clevers, or goose-grass, a strong decoction of hempseed and sassafras, 
of each six ounces; to be given after the ball. It remains to say, 
that whatever treatment is pursued will be rendered doubly effica- 
cious if green meat be procured, and the horse be fed wholly on it ; 
provided the bowels will bear such food ; but if the medicines gripe, 
by being joined with green food, add to the diet bean-meal. When 
green meat cannot be procured, carrots usually can ; and when 
they cannot, still potatoes may be boiled, or the oats may be speared 
or malted. As a proof of the beneficial effects of green meat, a 
horse, so bad with farcy as to be entirely despaired of, was drawq 



230 DISEASES or HORSES. 

into a field of lares, and nothing more was done to him, nor further 
notice taken of him, although so ill as to be unable to rise from the 
ground when drawn there. By the time he had eaten all the tares 
within his reach, he was enabled to struggle for more; and finally 
he rose to extend his reach, and perfectly recovered. 



Diseases of me Extremities. 

76. Shoulder strains, are very rare ; most of the 
lameness attributed to the shoulder belong to other 
parts, and particularly to the feet. Out of one hundred 
and twenty cases of lameness before, Blaine found that 
three only arose from ligamentary or muscular exten- 
sion of the shoulder, or rather of the abductor and 
sustaining muscles: when shoulder strain does happen, 
it is commonly the consequence of some slip, by which 
the arm is forced violently forwards. It is less to be 
wondered at than at first seems probable, that farriers 
mistake foot lameness for shoulder strains, when we 
reflect that a contracted foot occasions inaction, and 
favouring of the limb; which thus wastes the muscles 
of the shoulder. Seeing that one shoulder is smaller 
than the other, the evil is attributed to that, and it is 
pegged, blistered, swam, and fired, to the torture of 
the animal and the increase of the foot's contraction by 
the confinement. In real shoulder strains, the toe is 
dragged along the ground while in motion ; at rest it 
is planted forward, but i"esting on the point of the toe. 
When the lameness is in the foot, the horse points his 
foot forward also, but he does so with the whole limb 
unbent, and the foot flat. These differences are highly 
necessary to be attended to, as well as the peculiar dif- 
ficulty there is in moving down hill, which he does 
with reluctance, and by swinging his leg round to 
avoid flexing it. This lameness may be further brought 
to the test by lifting up the fore leg considerably, which 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 231 

if the evil be in the shoulder, will give evident pain. 
The muscles between the fore legs are likewise turni- 
fied and tender in these cases. 

77. The treatment consists, when it is recent, in bleeding in the 
plate vein, rowelling in the chest, and fomenting with hot water 
two or three times a day. Wlien the heat and tenderness have 
subsided, first batlie daily with the astringent wash for strains 
{Vet. Pha. 1.34, No. 1) for a week; and afterwards, if necessary, 
p/oce-ed to blister in the usual manner. 

78. Strain in the whirl bone. This important joint is sometimes 
strained, or its ligaments and muscles unnaturally extended, from 
a greater force being applied to them than their structure is able to 
bear, or their power to resist; a loesion takes place of some of their 
fibrillae, or in lesser injuries their elasticity is injured by being put 
on the stretch beyond their power of returning. In all such cases, 
the parts react, and inflammation follows ; by which heat, tender- 
ness, and swelling ensue. 

79. Treatment. Tlie first indication is the same in this as in all 
ligamentary strains, which is to moderate the inflammation by 
fomentations, &c. <fcc., and when that has subsided, to endeavour 
by astringents and bracers to restore the tone of the parts ; alter 
which, if any swelling remains, from the extravasated blood be- 
coming organised, to promote its absorptions by mercurial frictions, 
and blistering. Tiiis applies to all strains, and will direct the 
treatment therefore of that of sti-ain in the articulation of the thigh 
with the body also. 

80. Strain in the stifle, is treated in the same manner. 

81. Strain or clap in the back sinews. This is generally an injury 
done to the sheaths of tlie tendons, or of the ligaments wliich bind 
tliem down. In very aggravated cases, it sometimes occurs thai 
even the tendons themselves are extended beyond their capacitv. 
The heat, swelling, and tenderness, are first to be combatted by 
fomentations, and if this be extreme, bleed also, and give a dose of 
physic. Next proceed to poultice with saturnine applications, until 
the heat and swelling are reduced : then use tonics, astringent 
wash, {Vet. Pha. 134, No. 1 or 2,) bandage and exercise very 
carefully. If swelling remain after heat, pain, and lameness are 
past ; or when lameness only remains, after all heat is gone, pro 
ceed to blister mildly twice In all cases of lig-amentary extension 

21 



232 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

when the heat has subsided, the part may be considered as in a state 
of atony; and bandages judiciously applied are then proper, par 
ticularly during the day. 

82. Rupture of the tendons and ligaments of the leg. It is very 
seldom that the tendons themselves are ruptured, but the suspensory 
ligaments are more often so, and the evil is called breaking down. 
It is usually very sudden, and the fetlock is brought almost tc the 
ground. A perfect cure is seldom obtained ; but the inflammation 
should be moderated by the means already described, and the heels 
should be raised. A laced stocking or firm bandage, when the 
inflammation has subsided, is necessary ; and firing is often prudent 
as a permanent bandage. 

83. Strains of the ligaments of the fetlock and coffin joints often 
occur, and may always be distinguished by the heat, tenderness, 
and swelling. Treat as already described. In all strains of the leg, 
attended with inflammation, a goulard poultice is a convenient 
and useful application. The goulard water sliould be mixed with 
bran, and a worsted stocking being drawn over the foot, and up the 
leg, it is first tied around the foot ; the poultice is then put in, and 
the stocking fastened around the leg above the injury (115.) 

84. Mallenders and sallenders are scurfy, scabby eruptions, af. 
fecting the back of the knee, and ply to the hock ; common only in 
coarse, low bred, and in cart horses. Wash with soft soap every 
day, after which anoint with an unguent formed of equal parts o^ 
mercurial ointment, tar, and Turner's cerate. 

85. Broken Knees. The usual cases of broken knees are referable 
to wounds in general ; and the treatment of them in no wise differs 
therefrom, with this caution, that here it is more immediatelir 
necessary, both for appearance and safety, that if any flap of skia 
hang apart, to cut it off*, or the wound will heal with rugosed edges. 
But when the joint of the knee is broken into by the violence ol 
the injury, it becomes of a very different nature, and is known first 
by the extreme lameness and swelling that occur ; and next by the 
escape of a slippery mucus not imlike the white of an egg. If tliis 
continue to escape, violent inflammation follows, and either the 
horse or the joint are lost by it. Farriers are apt to attempt to stop 
the flow of the joint oil, as it is called, by oil of vitriol, or other 
cscharotics, which treatment is usually followed by the most disas. 
lrou& consequences. It is however, necessary to stop the immediate 
flow, by other means • tne best of which if by a fine budding-iron 



DISEASES OF HOUSB 5. 233 

heated. Should the laceration be considerable, this cannot be done ; 
but the treatment must then consist of saturnine poultices, bleeding 
l')\v diet, and the other anti-febrile remedies, until the swelling has 
subsided, when apply the astringent paste recommended by Clarke, 
made of pipe clay and alum, every day, but by no means introduce 
any escharotics. On the subject of broken knees, a prejudice prevails, 
tiiat a horse that has once broken his knees, is more liable to fall 
again than a horse that has not before fallen down ; but unless the 
knee be injured so as to become stiff by such accident, the supposi- 
tion is wholly erroneous. Horses fall as often by treading on sharp 
stones when they have corns, as they do by stumbling ; and as corns 
sometimes come on rapidly by pressure, so such a horse becomes 
afterwards liable to trip, and this gives rise to the opinion formed, 
hat when once he has been down he will ever after be liable to it. 

8(). Splints and bone spavin. The former are usually situated 
on the inner side of the canon or shank before — and as they are 
situated, so they are more or less injurious. When buried, as it 
were, witJiin the tendons or back sinews, they are very apt to lame 
the horse serioutly ; but when situated on the plain bone, unless 
they are very large, they seldom do much injury. If a splint be 
early attended to, it is seldom difficuit to remove. Blaine recom- 
mends the swelling to be rubbed night and morning for five or six 
days, with a drachm of mercurial ointment, rubbing it well in ; after 
which to apply a b. ister, and at the end of a fortnight or three 
weeks to apply anotl er. In very bad cases he recommends firing 
in the lozenge form. 

87. Bone spavin is ai exostosis of the hock bones, the treatment 
of which in no wise di:Vers from that of splint; except that as a 
spavin in general is m< ve injurious than a splint, so it is more 
necessary to commence the treatment early, and to continue it 
energetically. It also ur. fortunately happens, that from the ccin- 
plexity of structure on the hock, spavin is not so easily removed aa 
Bplint, and more usually rei uires the applicati )n of firing. 

88. Ring bone is of the sate nature, being an exostosis or bony 
jircle, formed around the c( ronet, the treatment of which is the 
*ame with splint and spavin. 

89. Blood spavin, bog spavi: , and thoroughpin, are all of them 
originally of the nature of win^ galls, and are nothing more than 
enlargements of the brusal cap ttles described in the anatomy as 
surrounding tendons, ligaments, »nd bones, to furnish them with 



234 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

the lubricating medium. By over exertion or hard work these 
brusal bags become extended, and their contents increased, and 
distended into puffy swellings in the hock, called, when on the ply, 
bog spavin. Tlie pressure ot" this sometimes occasions a varicose 
state of the superficial vein, which passes directly over it on the 
inner side of the hock, and which enlargement then receives the 
name of blood spavin. When the brusal enlargement extenda 
through the hock, it is called thoroughpin. When it is situated 
below in the bursas of the flexor tendons, near the fetlock joint, it 
receives the name of wind gall. 

90. The treatment in all these Cases must be similar in principle, 
and consists in lessening the distended sac — not as was formerly 
practised to the destruction of the horse often, by letting out the 
contents of these wind galls; but by strengthening the sides of the 
tumours by stimulants or by pressure. The more active stimulants 
are the liquid blister, (Vet, Pharm. 141,) milder ones are found in 
the astringent wash. {Vet. Pha. 134, No. 1.) Bandages assist greatly, 
when well applied to the part, and in desperate cases firing has 
been resorted to, which is nothing more than a more violent stimu- 
lant and a more permanent bandage. 

91. Capulet is a bursal enlargement of the point of the hock, and 
is to be treated by friction, astringents and bandage. 

92. Curb is an inflammation of the ligaments at the back of the 
hock, and is usually removed by astringents. {Vet. Pha. 134.) 
When it does not give way to these, the sweating liquid blister 
may be applied. {Vet. Pha. 142.) 

93. Cracks and grease may be considered as modifications of one 
and the same affection, and are commonly brought on by some 
neglect in all horses ; but when they occur in any but the thick, 
heeled low bred animals, they are invariably so. Over feeding or 
under feeding, but much more frequently the former, will bring it 
on. A very frequent cause of it is the practice of wasliing the legs 
of horses and suffering them to dry of themselves. In every case 
without exception, washing the legs should be avoided, unless they 
be rubbed perfectly dry afterwards. When horses have long liairs 
about tlieir heels, and are washed and then left wet, the evil must 
be doubled ; as the evaporation going on, cools and chills the heels, 
and thus produces a species of chilblain ; and we well know how 
ilitBcult tliese are to Ileal when broken. Cracks in the heels very 
often occur in horses removed too suddenly into full keep from pre. 
VI JUS straw or grass Jir from these to a hot stable ; which by the heal 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 235 

and moisture of the litter, occasions a determination of blood, and 
humours to the legs, and they break out into cracks or scabs, from 
which issue a bloody ichor, or a more thick matter. Between tho 
sores the hair stajres and gets pen featiiered, and the horse fads 
difficulty and pain in moving. 

94. The treatment must depend on the state in which the animal 
is at the present. If tiiere be reason to suspect the horse to be full 
and foul, bleed, lower his food, soil him in the stable ; or mash and 
give him a mild dose of physic. But when some mismanagement 
is the sole cause, remove that, and if tlie case be a severe one, by 
means of an old stockmg drawn over the foot, bury the whole heel 
in a poultice, made of scraped carrots or turnips ; which will subdue 
the irritation and bring the parts into a state to bear the application 
of the astringent paste, {Vet. Pha, 13G, No. 2,) or if more con- 
venient, of the astringent wash, (Vet. Pha. 134, No. 1 or 2.) Mode- 
rate exercise should be continued, and the heels carefully cleaned 
from dirt by soft soap and water on each return therefrom ; after 
which, always again apply the astringent. 

95. Grease is nothing more than an aggravated state of the same 
pfTection, and is more common to the hind than the fore legs. 
(Joarse fleshy legged horses are peculiarly prcne to the affection 
from the great accumulation that takes place in their legs; and from 
the difficulty that the capillaries find in carrying the increased 
quantity of lymph upwards. In these, long stable confinement 
should be avoided, and when that is impossible, it should be coun- 
teracted by exercise frequently and judiciously administered. Many 
cart horses never go out but to work ; they often work three days 
incessantly, or nearly so ; and they perhaps rest two days entirely 
Can it be wondered at, that the change occasions swelling, acting 
on the weakness and exhaustion of previous fatigue, and could not 
this be avoided by turning out for an hour, or walking for half an 
hour night and morning ? stable soiling should be used ; bleeding 
and physicking also in very bad cases ; and when the inflammation 
and irritation or soreness are great, the poultices recommended for 
cracks, should be applied until these circumstances are removed; 
when commence the use of some of the astringents recommended. 
(Vet. Pharm. 134.) White has stated two remarkable cases of 
grease cured by the application of corrosive sublimate in the form 
of a wash, as of two drachms of sublimate to ten ounces of water ; 
increasing it to three drachms if the pain occasioned by the first be 
not too considerable. Blaine says that the clivers or goose grass 
has been known to be of great service in bad cases of grease —halt 

21* 



236 DISEASES OF HORSES. 

B pint of the expressed juice to be given daily as a dnnk ; and a 
poultice of the herb to be applied to the heels. In some cases of 
'ong standing when the running has ceased, a thickened state of 
the limb remains ; which is best removed by firing, and which like- 
wise is a preventive to a return. 

Diseases of the Feet. 

96. Founder of the feet is of two kinds, an acute and a chronic 
Acute founder is a disease that, until lately, was less understood 
than almost any other. After a very severe day's work, or when 
very much heated, if a horse get a sudden chill by standing in snow 
or cold water, it is not uncommon for him to be seized with universal 
stiffness, and every symptom of great fever. Such a horse is said 
to be body foundered. By degrees, however, it is observed that the 
animal has an extreme disinclination to remain on his feet ; from 
whence it will appear that the whole of them are affected, when the 
horse draws his hind feet under him, his fore only are affected, and 
when he draws his fore feet under him his hinder feet are the seat 
of the complaint ; but which is seldom the case. On feeling the 
feet they will be found intensely hot, and the pastern arteries beat 
with great violence. After a few days, unless the disease abate, a 
separation of the hoofs from the coronet takes place, and at last 
Ihey fall entirely off. 

97. The treatment. At the commencement of the disease bleed 
largely, as well by the neck as from the toe of each affected foot, 
by paring, until the blood flows freely. After which immerse each 
foot in a goulard poultice (115,) give the fever powder or drink, 
(Vet. Pka. 157 & 158,) litter up to the belly; and if amendment 
do not take place, renew the bleedings, and blister round the 
pasterns. 

98. Chronic founder, contraction or fever in the feet. The arti- 
ficial life that horses lead, subjects them to many diseases ; one of 
the principal of which is that of contracted feet. Blaine considers 
a neglect of sufficient paring of the hoof, the application of artificial 
heat from hot stables, and hot litter, the deprivation of natural 
moisture, constitutional liability, and the existence of thrushes, as 
among the principal causes of this evil. It is more common among 
blood horses, than to others, and he observes, that dark chesnuts 
are of all others most prone to it. 

99 The treatment of contraction in the feet. It is belter to pre- 
veni, than to oe under the necessity of attempting to cure tho ovil. 



DISEASES OF HORSES. 237 

Prevention may be practised by avoiding the acting causes. As 
soon as at all suspected to be likely to occur ; keep the hoofs pared 
low ; never suffer the liorse to stand on litter, nor allow the stable 
to be too hot ; feed moderately, and never allow the horso to go 
witliout daily exercise ; whatever increases the general fulness of 
habit flies to the feet. Above all, keep the feet moist by means of 
wet cloths tied closely around the coronet, falling over tlie whole 
hoof, but not extending beyond tlie edge. Then moisten repeatedly, 
and stop the feet (166) every night. When contraction has already 
taken place, many plans have been recommended ; as jointed shoes, 
by Coleman, Clark, and others, but it is not found that mechanical 
expansion in this way produces permanent benefit. The most 
effectual mode is to obviate all previous causes of contraction ; and 
then to thin the hoofs around the heels from each quarter so thin as 
to be able to produce an impression by means of the thumb ; in fact, 
to remove so much of the horn as is consistent with safety, from 
the coronet downwards. It is also prudent to put in a score or two 
from above downwards, drawn a quarter of an inch deep on each 
side towards the front of the hoof; but whether this be done or not, 
the front of the hoof should be rasped thin about an inch in width ; 
by which means a hinge is fortned, which operates most advanta- 
geously in opening the heels. After this is done, tips should be put 
on, and the horse should be turned out to grass, where he should 
remain three months, by which time the new formed heels will have 
reached the ground, and will bear a shoe. 

100. The pumiced foot is a very common consequence of acute 
founder, in which the elasticity of the laminae becoming destroyed 
the support of the coffin bone is removed, and it rests wholly on the 
sole, which it gradually sinks from a concave to a convex surface, 
drawing with it the front of the hoof inwards. In weak, broad 
heavy feet, tliis evil comes on sometimes without founder; the 
treatment can only be palliative, a wide webbed shoe exactly fitted 
10 the foot, without at all pressing on it, prevents the lameness 
consequent to the disease, a shoe exactly the contrary to this has 
been tried in some cases with benefit, the form of which has been 
one with a web so narrow as only to cover the crust, but so thick 
as to remove the feet from accidental pressure. In other cases, no 
shoe answers so well as a strong bar shoe. 

101. Corns are most troublesome aliments, to which horses are 
very liable, and which injure and ruin thousands ; they are wholly 
accidental ; no horse having any peculiar tendency to them, bni 
being always brought on them by some improper pressure, usuaii)^ 



238 nisEASEs of horses^ 

of the shoe, or from something getting between the shoe and tho 
horny lieel. A shoe toe |bng worn is a very common cause, and a 
still more frequent one i: the clubbing tlie lieels of the shoe ; neithci 
IS it necessary to the production of corns that the shoe itself should 
press on the sole ; but they are equally produced when the outer 
horn of the heels or of the bars, is the immediate offending part 
rendered so by two luxuriant growth, by unequnl wear, or by 
secondary pressure from the shoe, or by gravel working in. It is 
tiie flesliy sole itself that is bruised, from which a speck of extra, 
vasated blood follows, and if not immediately relieved it gathers, or 
the part becomes habitually defective, and instead of forming healthy 
horn, it always afterwards forms a spongy substance of extreme 
sensibility, and thus always is liable to produce pain and lameness 
when exposed to pressure. 

102. The treatment of corns is seldom difficult or uns'accessful 
at their first appearance, but afterwards it can be only palliative. 
Blaine directs that by means of a fine drawing knife every portion 
of diseased horn should be pared away, and the extravasation under- 
neath likewise. Having done this, he advises to introduce some 
butter of antimony into the opening, to place over this some tow, 
which should be kept in its place by means of a splint. If any 
contraction of the heels le present it will materially assist the cure 
to lower them, and .c jhin the hoof a little around the quarters, and 
afterwards to put on a shoe without heels opposed to the corn, or 
a shoe chambered opposite the weak part : or a bar shoe may bo 
applied so framed as completely to leave the heel untouched. Intro, 
duce the butter of antimony once or twice more, with the interval 
of two days between, and then turn tlie horse out to grass ; in about 
six weeks time the foot will be sound. The treatment of corns, 
when of long standing, does not materially differ : for although 
they are never wholly eradicated, they may be rendered but little 
troublesoi.>e. The diseased part must be carefully pared out at each 
shoeing, ai.i. «uch a shoe put on as will completely free the heel 
from pressun. 

103. Running thrush is always a dangerous disease, and few 
errors m horse management are more glaring than the common one 
of supposing they are necessary to carry off humours. If less food, 
more exercise, cool .stables, and dry standings, were substituted to 
correct the fulness, instead of thrushes, which invariably contract 
the feel whenever they continue any length of time, it would save 
many valuable horses. To the cure, begin by cleaning out all the 
Sssu'es of the frog from loose ragged h»rn, and then introduce to 



UISEASKS OP HORSES. 230 

the bottom of the sinuses, by neans of" a thin piece of wood, sonio 
of the thrush paste {Vet. Pharm. 133,) smeared on tow, which will 
enable it to be held within the cloft, especially if it be guarded l>y 
splints of wood passed under the shoe ; renew the dress-ing daily ; 
turning out to grass may be practised to great advantage for thrushes 
by this mode of dressing. 

104. Sand cracks are fissures in the hoofs, commonly of those 
before, and usually towards the inner, but now and then towards 
the outer quarter also, from above downwards : from the crack, a 
little oozing of blood or moisture is seen ; and the sensible parts 
underneath getting between the edges of horn, being pressed on, 
lame the horse. White recommends to fire the fissure crossways, 
so as to destroy the connection between the divided and undivided 
parts of the hoof. 

105. Pricks or punctures of the feet are often very serious evils, 
either when received by nails in shoeing, or by one picked up in the 
road, &c. The danger arises from inflammation, which is always 
great from any injury done to the sensible and viscular parts within 
the foot. This inflammation quickly proceeds to suppuration ; and 
the matter is apt to make its way upwards, unless it find a ready 
vent below. When it does not break out at the coronet, it will 
often penetrate under the sole, and finally disease the bones, liga. 
ments, or cartilages, and produce quittor. It is very seldom that a 
horse is pricked in shoeing, but that the smith is aware of it by the 
peculiarity of the feel on the hammer, and by the flinching of the 
animal. At such times were he to immediately draw the nail a little, 
enlarge the opening, and introduce some spirit within the puncture, 
nothing would occur ; but on the contrary, he sends the horse home 
to avoid trouble, who, the next, or following day, is found lame, 
with his foot hot, if the nail be not driven too near the sensible 
lamina), it will only require to be removed to free the horse from his 
evil; but if it have been driven through, and have wounded them, 
then suppuration ensues, and on examining the foot by the pincers 
when the shoe is removed, he will flinch at the pressure on the 
diseased part. It is probable, on the removal of the shoe that matter 
will at once flow out at the immediate nail hole, if not, the drawing 
knife will soon detect the injury. If the heat be great, and instead 
of matter, bloody dark ichor flows out, wrap the foot up in a poul 
tice ; but if healthy matter flows out this will not be necessary, 
sometimes it is requisite to detach all the horn that is underrun bv 
the matter. But when the injury has not proceeded to this extent, 
apply over the part a pledget of tow steeped in friar's balsam ; tack 



2 to DISEASES OF HORSES. 

on tlie shoe lightly, and retain the dressing by means of splints, 
whicli are thin pieces of wood passed under the shoe ; repeat tho 
dressing daily, and avoid moisture, which would encourage quitter 
A nail picked up on the road, and which passes through the solo 
below or through the frog, is to be treated in the same manner, and 
also when the matter breaks out at the coronet ; but when a nail is 
picked up and penetrates the coffin joint, which is known by the 
synovia or joint oil appearing, such opening should be immediately 
stopped by paring towards the wounded joint, and then applying a 
heated budding-iron, not to the capsular ligament itself, but to the 
skin immediately near it; if this be inconvenient, jiut a pledget 
dipped in a little butter of antimony, just within the opening, but 
do not press it into the cavity of the joint: if this be insufficient to 
stop the flow, but more particularly if the original wound be pene- 
t-uted to the bone, it is probable that the bone itself will become in 
some measure diseased, which is known by the rough grating felt at 
the point of tiie probe when passed. In this case, enlarge the 
opening so as to be able to scrape the diseased bone away. Bruises 
of the sole, from whatever cause, will all fall under some of these 
points of view, according as the case may be. 

lOG. Quittor and canker are the consequences of these injuries, 
when neglected, or originally extensive. In these cases either the 
bones, ligaments, or cartilages, or all, become diseased ; and a cure 
can only be obtained by removing the diseased parts by the knife or 
by caustic. 

107. Treads, over-reach, ^-c. A wound on the coronet is not 
uncommon from one foot being placed on the other ; or the hinder 
foot may strike it, &lc. First wipe away the dirt, and remove any 
loose edges that cannot unite ; avoid washing, unless stones and 
dirt are suspected to be within, and bind up, having first placed 
over the wound a pledget of lint or tow moistened with balsamic 
tincture, or tincture of myrrh, or of aloes <i-c. Oner-reaching, or 
over-stepping, is often an injury done to tne fetlock joint before, by 
the hinder foot, or to the back sinew higher up. Sometimes it is 
simply a violent bruise, at others the laceration is extensive, in which 
case treat as a tread ; and when no laceration has taken place treat 
as a bruise or strain. 

108. Cutting is a defect to which some horses are liable from 
their form, as when they turn their toes out, or have bent legs. 
Others cut only when they are lean, which brings their legs nearer 
together. Weak horses cut because they cross their legs when 



VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 241 

'atigued, and young unfurnished horses cut at youthful periods and 
flfrow out of it afterwards. The part in which a foot interferes with 
tlie opposed limb is very different. When it strikes the shank high 
up it is called speedy-cut, and is best remedied by wearing knee 
boots or rollers. When it is at the fetlock the cutting is at the side, 
or rather backward, according to circumstances. Some horses cut 
by the side of the shoe, others by the hoof at the quarters ; and some 
by the point of the heels. It is to be remarked, that it is better to 
put up with the evil of cutting, than to do as is too frequently done, 
which is, to pare away the hoof until it excites contraction. The 
shoe may be feather edged, or may be set a little within the cutting 
quarter; but by no means alter the size or form of the hoofs them- 
selves, and particularly avoid taking liberties of this kind with the 
fore feet. Boots or rollers, are but little trouble to put on, and 
when not buckled too tight never injure : whereas to allow a horse 
to continue to cut produces a callus, and often throws the animal 
down. 



-me@eo- 



VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 

]09. The general practises to be here enumerated 
are chiefly the treatment of wounds, the apphcation of 
fomentations, setons, bHsters, clysters, and physicking, 
and the operation of castrating, nicking, bleeding, &c. 

Treatment of Wounds. 

110. A wound mu^st be treated in some measure according to the 
part of the horse's body in whicli it happens : but there are some 
principles to be observed alike in all horse surgery. There are 
likewise a few, wliich, as they differ from the principles of human 
surger}', should be first noticed, and wliich should guide the prao- 
lice of those who miglit be misled by analogy. The wounds ot 
horses, however carefully brought together and confined in their 
bltuation, as well as shut out from the stimulus of the external air 
are seldom disposed to unite at once, or as it is called in surgical 
language, by the first intention. It is always, therefore, necessary 
to expect the suj)r)urativR process ; but as the adhesive inflammation 



24*1 VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 

does now and then occur, we should never wash with water or 
other liquids a mere laceration, if no foreign matter, as dirt, &c. be 
suspected to be lodged within it, still less should we stuff it with 
candle or tents of any kind. On the contrary, it should be care, 
fully and smoothly brought together, and simply bound up in ita 
own blood ; and if it do not wholly unite at once, and by the first 
mtention, perhaps some portion of it may ; and at all events, its 
future progress will be more natural, and the disfiguration less than 
when stuffed witli tents, tow, &c. or irritated with heating oils or 
spirits. Wlien an extensively lacerated wound takes place it is 
common, and it is often necessary to insert sutures, or stitches, 
into the lips of the wound : and here we have to notice another 
considerable variation from the principles of human inflammation, 
which is, that these stitches in the horse, ox, and dog, soon ulcerate 
out, seldom remaining longer than the third or fourth day at far- 
tliest. It therefore is the more necessary to be careful, that by 
perfect rest, and the appropriation of good bandages we secure the 
wound from distortion. In this we may be assisted by strips of 
sticking plaster, made with diacliylon and pitch; but these strips 
sliould be guarded from touching the wound itself by means of lint 
or tow first put over it. When in addition to laceration in a wound, 
there is a destruction of substance, then the caution of washing will 
not apply, as it will be necessary to bathe with some warming spirit, 
as, tincture of myrrh, tincture of aloes, or friar's balsam, to assist in 
restoring the life of the part, and in preventing mortification. 
Bleeding must be stopped by pressure and astringents, as powdered 
alum ; when it is very considerable the vessel from whence the 
blood comes nuist be taken up. When great inflammation follows 
wounds or bruises, counteract it by bleeding, a cooling temperature, 
•pening medicines, and continual fomentations to the part itself 

Balls and JOrinhs. 

111. Mode of giving a hall. Baca the horse in his stall, and 
being elevated on a stool, (not a bucket turned upside down,) gently 
draw the tongue out of the mouth, so as to prevent its rising to 
resist the passage of the hand : the tongue should however not be 
laid hold of alone, but it should be held firmly by the fingers of the 
,'ert haijd against the jaw. The ball previously oiled should be 
taken into the right hand, vvliich should be squeezed into as narrow 
a shape as possible, must be passed up close to the roof of the mouth, 
and the ball placed on the root of the tongue, when both hands 
lieing withdrawn, it will readily pass down. This mode is much 
preferable, when a person is at all handy, to using a balling iron. 



VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 243 

112. Mode of givivg a drink. Exactly the same process is pui 
sued, except that a horn holding the liquid matter is forced up the 
mouth ; the passage being raised beyond the level line, the liquid is 
poured out from the larger end of the horn, and when the tongue is 
loosened it is swallowed. Clark, however, ingeniously proposes to 
substitute the smaller end of the horn, the larger being closed, by 
which, he says, the horn can be forced up the mouth between the 
teeth, and poured farther back so as to ensure its not returning. 

Fomentations and Poultices. 

113. Fomentations are very commonly recommended of variouj 
lierbs, as rhue, chamomile, St. John's wort, wormwood, bay leaves, 
&.C. but the principal virtue is to be found in warmth and moisture, 
which unload the vessels ; but this warmth ought not to be too con- 
siderable, except when the inflammation is within, as in inflamed 
bowels. Here we foment to stimulate the skin, and cannot foment 
too hot ; but when we do it at once to an inflamed part, it ought not 
to be more than of blood heat ; and it should be continued long, ana 
when removed the part should be dried or covered, or cold may be 
taken, and the inflammation increased instead of diminished. Aim 
dyne fomentations are made of poppy heads and of tobacco, and are 
frequently of great use. 

114. The method of applying fomentations is conveniently done by 
means of two large woollen cloths wrung out of the heated liquora ; 
as one is cooling tlie other should be ready to be applied. 

115. Poultices act in the same way as fomentations in allaymg 
irritation and inflammation ; but are in other respects more conve 
nient because they act continually. It is an error to suppose that 
Doultices, to be beneficial, should be very hot ; however hot they 
nia'^ be applied, they soon become of the temperature of the sur- 
rounding parts. When poultices are applied to the extremities, a 
stocking, as has been before stated, is a convenient method of appli. 
cation. When it is drawn over the leg and bound around the lower 
part of the hoof, or of the pastern, or otherwise, the matter of the 
poultice may be put within, and it may be then kept in its situation, 
if high up on the extremity, by means of tape fastened to one part 
of it, and passed over the withers or back to the otiier side, and 
again fastened to the stocking. In this way, also, loose ijandagea 
may be retained from slipping. Cold poultices are often useful in 
the inflammations arising from strains, &-c. In these cases bran 
a..d goulard water form a convenient medium ; but when the pool 

22 



244 VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 

tice is necessarily hot, a uttle linseed mecl added to the bran wil 
render it adhesive, and give it consistence. It is a very necessary 
caution in this, as in every instance where bandages are w^anted 
around the extremities, to liave them broad, and only so tight as to 
secure the matters contained, as in a poultice, or as in common 
bandaging. It is often supposed that " as strong as a horse," de- 
notes that nothing can be too strong for him, nor any means too 
violent to hurt him. The horse, on the contrary, is one of the 
most tender animals alive : and a string tied very tight round the 
leg would occasion first a falling off of the ho( f, next a mortification 
of the rest of the limb, and lastly the death of the animal ; anS 
all this as certainly as though he were shot with a bullet through 
ine head. 

Setons and Rowels. 

116. Scions are often useful in keeping up a drain to draw what 
are termed humours from parts ; or by their irritations on one part, 
they lessen the inllammation in another part not very remote, as 
when applied to the cheek for ophthalmia or inflamed eyes. They 
also in the same way lessen old swellings by exciting absorption. 
Another useful action they have is to make a dependent or conve. 
nient orifice for the escape of lodged matter: thus a seton passed 
fiom the upper pai cf the opening of pole evil, through the upper 
pait ot the integunrcnis of the neck, as low as the sinuses run, will 
often ettect a cure without further application. The same with fistu- 
lous withers, wnich sometimes run under the shoulder blade, and 
appear at the arm point; in which case a blunt seton needle, of 
suflicient length to be passed down to that point, and to be then cut 
down upon, will form the only efficient mode of treatment. Setons 
may be passed in domestic farriery, with a common packing needlo 
and a skein of thread, or piece of tape : but in pr jfessional farriery 
thev are made by a proper needle armed with tap •• or lamp cotton, 
or skeins of thread or silk smeared over with d.gestive ointment 
When the seton needle is removed, the ends of the tape should 
be joined together, or otherwise notted, to prevent them frora 
coming out 

117. Rowels in their intention act as setons, and as irritating a 
larger surface, so when a general drain is required they act better ; 
as in case of grease, &c. but when their action is confined to a part 
only, setons are more convenient. Any person may apply a rowel 
by making an incision in the loose skin about an inch separating 
will) the finger its adherence around, and then inserting in tha 



VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 245' 

opening a piece of round leather, with a hole in the middle, smeared 
with a blistering ointment. Then plug the opening with tow, and 
in three days, when the suppuration has begun, remove it. Tha 
rowel leather is afterwards to be daily removed and cleaned. 

Blistering and Firing. 

118. Blistering answers the same purposes as setons, and is prae> 
tised by first cutting or shaving the hair from the part, when the 
blistering ointment (Vet. Pha. 138.) should be well rubbed in for 
ton minutes, or a quarter of an hour. Some of the ointment after 
tlie rubbing may be smeared over the part The head of the horse 
should now be tied up to prevent his gnawmg or licking. If a neck 
cradle be at hand, it may also for safety be put on ; in which the 
liead may be let down the third day. 

119. A neck cradle for Mistered horses is very convenient for 
ether occasions also, when the mouth is to be kept from licking or 
biting other parts ; or to keep other parts from being rubbed agains*. 
tiie head. It is of very simple construction, and may be made by a 
dozen pieces of wood of about an inch and half diameter, as old 
broom handles, &c. These bored at each end admit a rope to pass 
through ; and as each is passed on, a knot may be tied to the upper 
part of the pieces of the cradle, two inches apart; and those which 
form the lower part, four inches ; by which means the neck will bo 
fitted by the cradle when it is put ©n ; and the horse will be pre. 
vented from bending his head to lick or gnaw parts to be protected. 
When the lower parts of the legs, particularly the hinder, required 
blistering, it is necessary to bear in mind that in gross full horses, 
particularly in autumn, grease is very apt to follow blistering ; and 
almost certainly if the back of the heels below the fetlock be blis- 
tered. First, therefore, smear this part over with lard or suet, and 
afterwards avoid touching it with the ointment. After blistering in 
summer, the horse is often turned out before the blistered parts aio 
quite sound ; in this case guard them from flies by some kind Ox 
covering, or they may become fly-blown : and likewise on the fourth 
or fifth day rub into the blistered part some oil or lard to prevent the 
skin from cracking. 

120. Sweating or liquid blisters, (Vet. Pha. 142,) are only more 
gentle stimulants, which are daily applied to produce the same 
efl^ects on a di<j<^ased part without removing the hair. Of course less 
activity is expected ; yet as the action is repeated, they are often 
more beneficial even than blistering itself; as in old strains and 
stiffnesses. 



246 VETERINARY OrERATIONS. 

121. Firing, as requiring the assistance of an experienced prac 
litioner, we shall not describe ; it will be prudent only to point cut 
that it is a more active mode of blistering ; and that it acts very 
powerfully as a stimulant, not only while its effects last as blisters 
do, but also after its escharotic effect is over, by its pressure ; and 
in this way it is that it operates so favourably in bony exostosis, as 
splints and spavins ; and in this way it is so useful in old ligamentary 
weaknesses; because by lessening the dilatability of the skin it 
becomes a continual bandage to the part. 

Clystering and Physicking. 

122. Clystering should always be preceded by back-raking, whicL 
consists in oiling one hand and arm, and passing them up the fun. 
dament, and by that means to remove all the dung balls tliat can be 
reached. The large pewter syringe for clystering, is neither a useful 
or safe machine. A much better consists in a turned box pipe, to 
which may be attached a large pig or ox bladder, by which four or 
five quarts of liquid can be administered at one time. (Vet. Pharm. 
134, to 146.) The pipe should be previously oiled, by which means- 
it passes more easily : the liquor should then be steadily pressed up ; 
and when the pipe is removed, the tail should be held down over 
the fundament a little to prevent the return of the clyster. In some 
cases of a spasmodic nature, as gripes and locked jaw, great force 
is made by the bowels to return the clyster, and nothing but con- 
tinued pressure over the fundament can enable it to be retained. 
Clysters not only act in relaxing the bowels, but they may be used 
as means of nutriment when it cannot be taken by the mouth ; as 
in locked jaw, wounds of the mouth, throat, «&c. &c. In locked 
jaw, it was observed by Gibson, that he kept a horse alive many 
days by clysters alone ; and by clysters also, many medicines may 
be given more conveniently than by the mouth. 

123. Physicking of horses. It is equally an error to refrain 
altogether from giving horses physic, as it is to give it on every 
occasion, as some do. Neither is it necessary for horses to be bled 
and physicked every spring and autumn, if they be in perfect 
health, and the less so, as at this time they are generally weak and 
faint from the change going on in their coats — nor is it always 
necessary to give to horses physic when they come from grass or a 
straw yard ; provided the ch inge from the one state to the other be 
very moderately brought about. But on such a removal, it certainly 
expedites all the phenomena of condition, (2) and such horses are 
•ess likely to fall to pieces, as it is termed afterwards. (3.) In various 
morbid states phys'c is particularly useful, as in worms, hide bound. 



VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 247 

troin too full a habit, &c. &.c. It is not advisable to physic horses 
in cither very cold or very warm weather. Strong phj'sic is aiwaya 
hurtful ; all that physic can do is as well operated by a mild as by 
a strong dose, with infinitely loss hazard. No liorse should be 
physicked whose bowels have not been previously prepared by 
mashing for two days at least before. By these means the physic 
will work kindly, and a moderate quantity only is requisite. Most 
of the articles put into tlie purging balls for horses, to assist the 
aloes, are useless. Jalap will not purge a horse, nor rhubarb either. 
Aloes are the only proper drug to be depended on for this purpose, 
and of all the varieties of aloes tiie socotorine and Cape are the best. 
(Vet. Pha. 1G3.) Barbadoes aloes are also not improper, but are 
thought more rough than the socotorine. For formulEB of purging 
balls, see Vet. Pha. (163.) Blaine gives the following as the process : 

124. Physicking process. The horse having fasted an hour or two 
m the morning from food, but having had his water as usual, give 
him his purge, and two hours after oifer him a little chilled, but not 
warm water, as is often done, by which horses are disgusted from 
taking any; it may be here remarked that in this particular much 
error is frequently committed. Many horses will drink water with 
the chill taken off, provided it be perfectly clean, and do not smell 
of smoke from the fire, kettle or sauce-pan ; but few, very few, will 
drink warm or hot water ; and still fewer, -if it be in the least degreo 
greasy or smoky. After the ball has been given two hours, a warm 
bran mash may be offered, and a very little hay. He should have 
walking exercise as usual moderately clothed ; and altogether he 
eliould be kept rather warmer than usual. At noon mash again, 
and give a little hay, which should be repeated at night, giving him 
at intervals chilled water. On the following morning the physic 
may be expected to work ; which if it do briskly, keep the horse 
quiet ; but should it not move his bowels, or only relax them, walk 
him quietly half an hour, which will probably have the desired 
effect. Continue to give mashes and warm water, repeating them 
every two or three hours to support him. When physic gripes a 
horse, give a clyster of warm water, and hand rub the belly, as well 
as walk him out. If the griping prove severe, give him four ounces 
of gin in half a pint of strong ale, which will soon relieve him. On 
the next day the physic will probably set, but should it continue to 
work him severely, pour down some boiled starch ; and if this fail, 
turn to the directions under diarrhoea. (52.) The horse should return 
to his usual habits of feeding and full exercise by degrees; and if 
more than one dose is to be given, a week should intervene. It is 
often requisite to make the second and third doses rather stronger 
22* 



248 VETERINARY OPERATIONS. 

than tlie first. A very mild dose of physic is likewise often given 
to liorses while at grass in very warm weather, and without any 
injury. When worms, or skin foulness are present, and mercuna. 
physic is deemed necessary, it is better to give two drachms Oi 
calomel in a mash the previous night, than to put it into the pur 
ging ball. 

Castration, Niching, Docking, ^'C. 

125. The operations of castration, docking, nicking, aud that of 
cropping, (which is seldom practised,) all require the assistance of 
a veterinary surgeon ; and it is only necessary to remark of them, 
that the after treatment must be the same as in all other wounds. 
To avoid irritation, to preserve a cool temperature and a moderate 
diet; and if active febrile symptoms make their appearance, to 
obviate tliem by bleeding, &.C. tfec. It likewise is proper to direct 
the attention of the agriculturist who attends to these matters him. 
self, that the moment the wo-und following any of these operations 
looks otherwise than healthy, locked jaw is to be feared, and no time 
should be lost in seeking the best assistance that can be obtained 
(11.) See Mason, p. 148. 

Bleeding. 

126. Bleeding is a very common, and to the horse a very impor- 
tant operation, because his inflammatory diseases, on account of the 
great strength of his arterial system, run to a fatal termination very 
soon and can only be checked in the rapidity of their progress by 
abstracting blood, which diminishes the momentum of circulation. 
Bleeding is more particularly important in the inflammatory dis- 
eases of the horse ; because we cannot, as in the human, lower the 
circulation by readily nauseating the stomach. Bleeding also lessens 
irritation, particularly in the young and plethoric, or those of full 
habit: hence we bleed in spasms of the bowels, in locked jn.w, &c. 
with good effect. Bleeding is general or topical. General as from 
the neck, when we mean to lessen the general momentum. Topical 
when we bleed from a particular part, as the eye, the plate vein, tho 
toe, &c. Most expert practitioners use a large lancet to bleed with ; 
and when the habit of using it is acquired, it is by fkr *,he best 
instrument, particularly for superficial veins where a blo-v might 
earry the fleam through the vessel. In common hands the fleam as 
the more general instrument is best adapted to the ust.:al cases 
requiring the agriculturists notice. Care should, however, be taken 
not to stiike it with vehemence, and the hair being first wetted and 
Bmoot)ied down, it should be pressed close between the hairs> so 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPCEIA. 219 

that its progress may not be impeded by them. A ligature sliould 
be first passed round the neck, and a hand held over the eye, unless 
the operator be very expert, when the use of the fingers will d).si)ense 
with the ligature. The quantity of blood taken is usually too small. 
In inflammatory diseases, a large horse, particularly in the early 
stage of a complaint, will bear to lose eight or ten quarts : and hall 
the quantity may be taken away two or three times afterwards, if 
tlie violence of the symptoms seem to require it ; and the blood 
should be drawn in a large stream to do all the good it is capable of. 
After the bleeding is finished introduce a sharp pin, and avoid 
drawing the skin away from the vein while pinning, which lets the 
blood escape between the vein and skin ; wrap round a piece of tow 
or hemp, and next day remove the pin, which might otherwise 
inflame the neck. In drawing blood let it always be measured ; 
letting it fall on the ground prevents the ascertaining the quantity ; 
it also prevents any observation on the state of the blood ; which if 
it form itself into a cup-like cavity on its surface, and exhibit a 
tough yellow crust over this cavity it betokens an inflammatory 
state of blood that will require further bleedings, unless the weak- 
ness forbid. After the bleeding, it now and then happens from 
rusty lancets, too violent a stroke with the blood stick, or from 
drawing away the skin too much while pinning up, that the orifice 
inflames and hardens, and ichor is seen to ooze out between its 
edges. Immediately after this is discovered, recourse must be had 
to an able veterinary surgeon, or the horse will lose the vein, awi 
perhaps his life. 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPCEIA. 

127. The foWowing foi'mulce for vetej-inary practice 
have been compiled from the works of the most eminent 
veterinary writers of the present day, as Blaine, Clark, 
Laurence, Peel, White, &c. ; and we can from our 
own experience also, confidently recommend the selec- 
tion to the notice of agriculturists, and the owners 
of horses in general. It would be prudent for such as 
have many horses, and particularly for such as live at 
a distance from the assistance of an able veterinarian, 
to keep the more necessary articles by them in case 
of emergence : some venders of horse drugs keej> 



250 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPEIA. 



veterinary medicine chests : and where the compo- 
sitions can be depended on, and the uncompounded 
drugs are genuine and good, one of these is a most 
convenient appendage to every stable. 

128. The veterinary jjharmacopoiia for oxen, calves, 
and sheep has been included in the arrangement. 
Where any speciality occurs, or where distinct recipes 
are requisite, they have been carefully noticed ; it will 
therefore only be necessary to be kept in mind, that 
with the exception of acrid substances, as mineral 
acids, &c. which no cattle can bear with equal impu- 
nity with the horse ; the remedies prescribed require 
about the following proportions : A large ox will bear 
the proportions of a moderate sized horse ; a moderate 
sized cow something less ; a calf about a third of 
the quantity ; and a sheep about a quarter, or at most 
a third of the proportions directed for the cow. It is 
also to be remarked, that the degrees in strength in 
the different recipes, are usually regulated by their 
numbers, the mildest standing first. 



129. Alteratives. 
1. 
Levigated antimony, 2 drachms. 
Cream of tartar, 

Flour of sulphur, each half an 
ounce. 

2. 
Cream of tartar, 
Nitre, of each half an ounce. 

3. 
JEthiop's mineral, 
Levigated antimony. 
Powdered resin, each three 
drachms. 

Give in a mash, or in oats and 
bran, a little wetted, every night, 
or make into a ball with honey. 

130. Tonic Alteratives. 
1. 
Gentian, 



Aloes, 

Ginger, 

Blue vitriol, in powder, of each 

1 drachm, 
Oak bark in powder, 6 drachms. 

2. 
Winter's bark in powder, three 

drachms. 
Green vitriol, do. one and a half 

drachms, 
Gentian, do. three drachms. 

Make either of these into a 
ball with honey, and give every 
morning. 

3. 

White vitriol, 1 drachm, 
Ginger or pimento, ground, two 

drachms. 
Powdered quassia half an ounce. 
Ale 8 ounces. 

Mix and give as a drink. 



THE VETERINRY PHARMACOPOEIA. 



251 



Arsenic, 10 grains, 
Oatnie-al, 1 ounce. 
Mix and give in 



a mash, or 



moistened oats nightly. 

131. Astringent Mixtures for 

Diarrhoea, Lax or Scouring. 

1. 

Powdered ipecacuanha, one 

draclim, 
Do. opium, lialf a drachm, 
Prepared chalk, 2 ounces. 
Boiled starch, 1 pint. 

2. 
Suet 4 ounces, boiled in 
Milk, 8 ounces. 
Boiled starch, 6 ounces. 
Powdered alum, 1 drachm. 

The following has been very 
strongly recommended in some 
cases, tor the lax of horses and 
cattle. 

3. 
Glauber's salts 2 ounces, 
Epsom do. 1 ounce, 
Green vitriol 4 grains, 
Gruel, half a pint. 

When the lax or scouring at 
all approaches to dysentery or 
molten grease, the following 
drink should be first given. 

4. 
Castor oil, 4 ounces, 
Glauber's salts, dissolved, two 

ounces. 
Powdered rhubarb, half a drachm. 
Powdered opium, 4 grains. 
Gruel, 1 pint. 

132. Astringent halls foi Dia- 
betes or pissing evil. 

Catechu, [Japan earth] half an 

ounce. 
Alum powdered, half a drnchm. 
Sugar of lead, 10 grains. 

Conserve of roses, to ma-ke a 
ball. 

133. Astringent paste for thrush, 
foot-rot, foul in the foot, ^c. 



Prepared calamine. 

Verdigris, of each half an ounce. 

White vitriol. 

Alum, of each half a drachm, 

Tar, 3 ounces : mix. 



134. Astringent loashesfor cracks 
in the heels, wounds, ^c. 

1. 

Sugar of lead, 2 drachms, 
White vitriol, 1 drachm. 
Strong infusion of oak, or elm 
bark, 1 pint : mix. 

2. 
Green vitriol, 1 drachm, 
Infusi-on of galls, half a pint. 

Mix and wash the parts three 
times a day. 

135. Powder for Cracks, ^c. 
3. 

Prepared calamine, 1 ounce, 
Fuller's earth, powdered. 
Pipe clay, do. of each 2 ounces, 

Mix and put within gauze, and 
dab the moist surfaces of the 
sores frequently. 

136. Astringent Paste for Grease, 

1. 
Prepared calamine, 
Tutty, powdered. 
Charcoal, do. of each 2 ounces, 
Yeast enough to make a paste. 

2. 
To the above, if more strength 
be required, add of alum and ver. 
digris each a drachm. 

137. Astringent W<ishfor do, 

3. 

Corrosive sublimate, ^ drachms, 

Spirit of wine or brandy 1 ounce, 

Soft vrater, 10 ounce?. 

Rub the sublimate in a mot- 
tar with the spirit till dissolved, 
then add the water. This is a 
strong preparation, and has often 
proved successful in very bad 



252 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPffilA. 



t!ases of grease, which have re- 
sisted all the usual remedies. 

138. Blisters. 

1. A general one. 
Cantharides powdered, 2 ounces, 
Venice turpentine, do. 
Resin, do. 
?alm oil or lard, 2 lbs. 

Melt the three latter articles, 
ogether, and when not too hot 
tir in the Spanish flies. 

2. 
1-S9. A strnng cheap blister, but 

not proper to be used in fevers or 

inflammations, as of the lungs, 

bowels, cj-c. 
Eaphorbiuni powdered, 1 ounce. 
Oil of vitriol, 2 scruples, 
Spanish flies, 6 ounces, 
Palm oil or lard. 
Resin, of each one pound. 
Oil of turpentine, 3 ounces. 

Melt the resin with tlie lard 
or palm oil. Having previously 
mixed the oil of vitriol with an 
ounce of water gradually, as 
gradually add this mixture to the 
, lelted mass ; which again set on 
a very slow fire for ten minutes 
more : afterwards remove the 
whole, and when beginning to 
cool, add the powders previously 
mixed together. 

3. 

:40. A mercurial blister, for 

splints, spavins, and ring bones. 

Of either of tlie above, 4 ounces. 

Corrosive sublimate finely pow- 

dered, half a drachm. 

4. 

141. Strong liquid blister. 
Spanish flies, in gross powder, 1 

ounce. 
Oil of origanum, 2 drachms, 
Oil of turpentine, 4 ounces, 
Ohve oil, 2 ounces. 

Steep the flies in the turpentine 
three weeks, strain off" and add 
ihe oil 



142. Mild liquid oi sweating 

blister. 
Of the above one ounce, 
Olive oil or goose grease, ono 
and a half ounces. 

143. Clyster.'- 
1. A laxative one. 
Thin gruel or broth, 5 quarts, 
Epsom or common salts 6 ozs. 

144. Clyster for Gripes. 

2. 
Mash two moderate sized onions, 
Pour over them oil of turpent'ne. 

2 ounces, 
Capsicum or pepper, half an 02 
Thin gruel, 4 quarts. 

145. Nutritious Clyster. 

3. 
Thick gruel, three quarts. 
Strong sound ale, one quart. 

Or 4. 
Strong broth, 2 quarts. 
Thickened milk, 2 quarts. 

146. Astringent Clyster. 

5. 
Tripe liquor or suet boiled m 

milk, three pints. 
Thick starch, 2 pints. 
Laudanum, half an ounce. 

Or 6. 
Alum whey, one quart, 
Boiled starch, two quarts. 

147. Cordial Balls. 
Gentian powdered, 4 ounc'>s, 
Ginger do. 2 ounces. 
Coriander seeds do. 4 ounces, 
Caraway do. 4 ounces. 
Oil of aniseed, quarter of an oz 
Make into a mass with honeyj 
treacle or lard, and give an ounce 
and a half for a dose. 

148. Chronic Cough Balls. 
1. 
Ca.omel 1 scruple 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPOBIA. 



253 



Gum ammoniacum, 

Horse radish, of each 2 drachms, 

Balsam of Tolu, 

Squills, each one drachm. 

Beat all together, and make 
into a ball with honey, and give 
«very morning fasting. 

149. Drink for the same. 
2. 
Tar water. 

Lime water, of each half a pint. 
Tincture of squills, half an oz. 

150. Powder for the same. 
3. 
Tartar emetic, 2 drachms, 
Powdered foxglove, half a 

drachm. 
Powdered squill, half a drachm. 
Calomel, one scruple, 
N.tre 3 drachms. 

Give every night in a malt 
mash. 

151. Diuretic Balls. 
Resin, yellow, 1 pound. 
Nitre half a pound. 
Horse turpentine, half a pound, 
Yellow soap, quarter of a pound. 
Melt the resin, soap, and tur- 
pentine over a slow fire ; when 
cooling add the nitre. For a 
strong dose, an ounce and a 
half, for a mild one an ounce. 
It should be kept in mind, 
that mild diuretics are always 
equal to what is required ; and 
that strong diuretics are always 
hurtful. 

152. Diuretic Powders. 
Yellow resin, powdered, 4 ozs. 
Nitre, ditto, 8 ounces. 
Cream of tartar, do. 4 ounces. 

Dose — 6, 8, or 10 drs. nightly, 
which some horses will readily 
eat in a mash. 

153. Urine Drink 
Glauber's salts, two ounces, 



Nitre, 6 drachms. 

Dissolve in a pint of warm 
water. 

154. Embrocations — cooling for 
inflammatio ns. 

1. 
Goulard's extract, half an ounce, 
Spirit of wine or brandy 1 ounce, 
Soft water, 1 quart. 

2. 
Mindererus spirit, 4 ounces, 
Water, 12 ounces. 

155. For Strains. 
Bay salt, bruised, half a pound. 
Crude sal ammoniac, 2 ounces. 
Sugar of lead, quarter of an oz 
Vinegar one pint and a half, 
Water, one pint. 

156. For the Eyes. 

1. 
Sugar of lead, 1 drachm, 
White vitriol, 2 scruples. 
Water, 1 pint. 

2. 
Brandy, 1 ounce. 
Infusion of green tea, 4 ounces 
Tincture of opium, 2 drachms. 
Infusion of red roses, 4 ounces 

3. 
Rose water, 6 ounces, 
Mindererus spirit, 3 ounces. 

4. 
Corrosive sublimate, 4 grains, 
Alcohol, 1 ounce. 
Lime water, 1 pint. 

5. 
Alum, powdered, 1 drachm. 
Calomel, half a drachm. 

Mix and insert a little at one 
corner of the eye. The custom 
of blowing ii, m alarms the horse, 

157 Fever Powders. 

1. 
Tartar emetic, 2 diachms. 
Nitre, 5 drachms. 

2. 
Antimo lial powder, 2 drachnw. 



254 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPCEIA. 



Cream of tartar, 

J^itre, of each four drachms. 

158. Fever Drink. 
3. 

Sweet spirit of nitre, 1 ounce, 
Mindererus spirit, 6 ounces, 
Water, 4 ounces. 

159. Epidemic Fever Drink. 
4. 
iSweet spirit of nitre, 1 ounce. 
Simple oxymel, 6 ounces, 
Tartar emetic, 3 drachms. 

160 Malignant Epidemic Fever. 

5. 
Simple oxymel, 
Mindererus spirit. 
Beer yeast, of each 4 ounces. 
Sweet spirit of nitre, 1 ounce. 

IGl. Fumigations for purifying 

infected stables, sheds, tf-c. 
Manganese, 2 ounces. 
Common salt, do. 
Oil of vitriol, 3 ounces, 
Water, 1 ounce. 

Put the mixed manganese and 
salt into a bason ; then, having 
before mixed the vitriol and wa- 
ter very gradually, pour them 
by means of tongs, or any thing 
tliat will enable you to stand at 
a sufficient distance, on the ar- 
ticles in the bason gradually. 
As soon as the fumes rise, retire 
and shut up the door close. 

162. Hoof Liquid. 
Oil of turpentine, 4 ounces. 
Far, 4 ounces. 
Whale oil, 8 ounces. 

This softens and toughens the 
hoofs extremely, when brushed 
over them night and morning. 

163. Purging Medicines. 
Balls — very mild. 
Aloes, powdered, 6 drachms, 
Oil of turpentine, 1 drachm 



Mild. 

Aloes, powdered, 8 drachms, 
Oil of turpentine, 1 drachm. 

Strong. 
Aloes, powdered, 10 drachms, 
Oil of turpentine, 1 drachm. 

The aloes may be beaten with 
treacle to a mass, adding, during 
the beating, the oil of turpen- 
tine. All spices, cream of tar. 
tar, oil of tartar, jalap, &c. are 
useless, and often hurtful addi- 
tions. 

164. Liquid Purge. 
Epsom salts, dissolved, 8 ozs. 
Castor oil, 4 ounces. 
Watery tincture of aloes, 8 ozs. 

Mi.x — The watery tincture of 
aloes is made by beating pow- 
dered aloes with the yelk of 
egg, adding water by degrees , 
by these means half an ounce 
of aloes may be suspended in 
8 ounces of water, and such a 
purge is useful when a ball can- 
not be got down, as in partial 
locked jaw. 

165. Scalding Mixture for Poll 

Evil. 
Corrosive sublimate, finely pow- 

dered, 1 drachm, 
Yellow basilicon, 4 ounces. 

166. Foot Stoppings. 

Horse and cow dung, each about 

2 pounds. Tar, half a pound. 

167. Wash for coring out, de. 

straying fungus, or proud fesh, 

^c. ^c. 
Lunar caustic one drachm, 
Water, 2 ounces. 

168. Wash for Mange. 
Corrosive sublimate, 2 drachmsj 
Spirit of wine or brandy, 1 oz. 
Decoction of tobacco. 
Do. of white helebore, of each 1 
pint 



THE VETERINARY PHARMACOPffilA. 



255 



Dissolve the mercury in the 
spirit, and then add the decoc- 
tions. 

169. Ointments for healing. 
1. 
Turner's cerate, two ounces, 
White vitriol powdered, half a 

drachm. 
Lard, 4 ounces. 

170. For Digesting. 
2. 
Turner's cerate, two ounces, 
White vitriol, 1 drachm. 
Yellow basilicon, .5 ounces. 



171. For Mange. 
Sulphur vivum, 8 ounces, 
Arsenic in powder, 2 drachms. 
Mercurial ointment, 2 ounces, 
Turpentine, 2 ounces, 
Lard, 8 ounces. 

Mix, and dress with every 
morning. 

172. For Scab or Shab in Sheep, 
Mallenders and Sellenders in 
Horses, and foul blotches and 
eruptions in cattle in general. 

Camphor, 1 drachm, 

Sugar of lead, half a drachm. 

Mercurial ointment 1 ounce. 



23 



OF THE DISEASES OF 




HORNED CATTLE. 

173. Cattle are subject to some very dangerous dis- 
eases, but as their life is less artificial, and their struc- 
ture less complex, they are not liable to the variety of 
aliments which affect the horse. The general pathology 
of tlie horse and ox being little different, the funda- 
mental rules for veterinary practice, and the requisite 
medicines, when not particularized, will be found in the 
Veterinary Pharmacopasia, already given. (126.) 

174. M/W /ewer, pantas or pantasia. Cattle sometimes appear 
affected with heat, redness of tlie nostrils and eyelids ; they refuse 
food, are dull, evacuate and stale with diiSculty ; and the urine is 
liigh coloured. These symptoms are often aggravated every other 
day, giving it the appearance of intermittent affection. The com- 
plaint is often brought on by over driving in very hot weather, occa- 
sionally by pushing their fattening process too fast. If there be no 
appearance of malignancy, and the heaving be considerable, bleed, 
and give half an ounce of nitre in a drink night and morning; bu\ 
unless tlie weather be cold do not house the animal. 

175. Inflammatory fever is called among farriers, cow-leeches, 
and graziers, by the various names of black quarter, joint felon, 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 257 

quarter evil, quarter ill, showing of blood, joint murrain, striking 
in of the blooil, &c. Various causes may bring tliis on. It is some, 
times epidemic, and at others it seems occasioned by a sudden 
change from low to very full keeping. Over driving has brought it on. 
No age is exempt from it, but the young oftcner have it than the 
mature. Its inflammatory stage continues but a kw days, and 
shows itself l)y a dull heavy countenance, red eyes and eyelids: the 
nostrils are also red, and a slight mucus flows from them. Tha 
pulse is peculiarly quick ; the animal is sometimes stupid, at others 
watchful, particularly at first ; and in some instances irritable. — 
The appetite is usually entirely lost at the end of the second day, 
and the dung and urine either stop altogether, or the one is hard 
and the other is red. About the third day a critical deposit takes 
j)lace, which terminates the inflammatory action : and it is to the 
various parts on which this occurs, that the disease receives its 
various names. The deposit is, however, sometimes universal, in 
the form of a bloody suffusion throughout the whole skin In 
others, swellings from the joints, or on the back or belly ; and in 
fact, no part is exempt from their attack. Sometimes the animal 
swells generally or partially, and the air being suffused under the 
skin, crackles to the feel. After any of these appearances have 
come on, the disease assumes a very malignant type, and is highly 
contagious. 

176. Treatment of inflammatory fever. Before the critical abscess 
form, or at the very outset of the disease, bleed liberally, and purge 
also : give likewise a fever drink (158.) If, however, the disease be 
not attended to, in this early stage, carefully abstain from bleeding 
or even purging : but instead, throw up clysters of warm water and 
salt to empty the bowels, and in other respects treat as detailed 
under malignant epidemic. (15.) It may be added, that four drachma 
of muriatic acid, in three pints of oak bark decoction, given twice 
a day, has proved useful. The swellings themselves may be waslied 
with warm vinegar both before and after they burst. 

177. Catarrh or influenza in cattle, also known by the name of 
felon, is only a more mild form of the next disease. Even in this 
mild form it is sometimes epidemic, or prevalent among numoers ; 
or endemical by being local. Very stormy wet weather, changing 
frequently, and greatly also in its temperature, are common causes. 
We have seen it brought on by change of food from good to oad , 
and from too close pasturage. It first appears by a defluxion fron> 
the nose ; the nostrils and the eyelias are red ; the animal heaves, 
18 tucked up in the flanks, and on the third day he loses the cud. 



25S DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

There is a distressing and painful cough, and not unfrequently a 
eore throat also, in which case the beast almost invariably hoids 
down his head. The treatment does not at all differ from that 
directed under the same disease in horses (13.) Bleeding only the 
first two days, carefully sheltering, but in an open airy place, lit- 
taring well up. 

178. The malignant epidemic influenza is popularly called ynur- 
ain or pest ; and has at various times made terrible havoc among 

;attle. Ancient history affords ample proof of its long existence, 
and by the accounts lianded down, it does not seem to have varied 
its types materially. In 1757 it visited Britain, producing extreme 
fatality among the kine. From 1710 to 1714 it continued to rage 
on the continent with unabated fury, (Lancisiss Disputatio His. 
torica de Bovilla Peste.) The years 1730 and 1731, and from 1744 
to 1746, witn(«ised its attack, and produced many written descrip. 
tions of it, among which stands pre-eminent that of Sauvages, the 
celebrated professor of medicine, at Montpelier. Tlie British visi- 
tation of the malady in 1757, elicited an excellent work from the pen 
of Dr. Layard, a physician of London, which was afterwards trans, 
lated into several languages. 

179. Symptoms of the murrain. Dr. Layard describes it as com- 
mencing by a difficulty of swallowing, and itching of the ears, 
shaking of the head, with excessive weakness and staggering gait ; 
which occasions a continual desire to lie down. A sanious fcetid 
discharge invariably appears from the nostrils, and eyes also. — 
The cough was frequent and urgent. Fever, exacerbiating, par- 
ticularly at night, when it usually produced quickened pulse. — 
There was constant scouring of green fcetid dung after the first 
two days, which tainted every thing around, even the breath, per- 
spiration, and urine were highly foetid. Little tumours or boils were 
very commonly felt under the skin, and if about the seventh or 
nmth day these eruptions become larger, and boils or buboes appear 
with lessened discharge of fneces, they proved critical and the animal 
often recovered ; but if on the contrary, tlie scouring continued, and 
t!je breath became cold, and the moutli dark in colour, he inlorms 
us mortality followed. Sauvages describes the murrain as showing 
Itself by trembling, cold shivers, nose execrated with an acid dis- 
charge from it ; purging after the first two days, but previous to 
wliich there was often costiveness. Great tenderness about the 
spine and withers was also a characteristic, with emphysema, or a 
blowing up of ihe skin by air discharged underneath it. 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 259 

180. Dissections of those that have died of tliis disea«e, according 
to Sauvages, have shown marks of great inflammation, and of a 
great putrid tendency ; but the solid parts seldom ran into gan- 
grene. The fluid secretions liowcver, always were sufficiently 
dissolved and broken down by putridity. The paunch, he says, 
was usually filled with undigested matter, and the other stomachs 
highly inflamed : the gall bladder was also commonly distended, 
with acrid thick brown bile. Goelich, who likewise dissected 
these subjects, describes the gall as particularly profuse and in- 
tolerably foetid. According to him, the whole alimentary canal, 
from the mouth to the anus was excorated ; and Lancisi, contrary 
to Sauvages, found the viscera of the chest and belly, in some cases 
sphacelated and gangrenous. Gazola describes the murrain as 
accompanied with pustulous sores; and so great was the putrid 
tendency, that even the milk, before it dried up, which it usually 
did before the fourth day, became foetid. 

181. The treatment of the murrain. In the very early stages, all 
eminent authors recommend bleeding ; but which should not only 
be confined to the very early periods, as to the two first days ; but 
also to such subjects, as by their previous health and condition can 
Dear it. The animals should be placed in an open airy place ; the 
litter siiould be frequently renewed ; and the place itself should be 
fumigated with the preventative fumigation. (161.) It has been 
recommended to burn green bouglis with pitch as a substitute 
even charcoal fires occasionally carried around the place would be 
useful. Dr. Layard advises the body to be washed with aromatic 
herbs in water ; but vinegar would have been better. In early 
stages, saline purgatives, as from ten to twenty ounces of Epsom 
salts are to be invariably used. If the scouring have already come 
on, still, however, purge; but with only half the quantity; an arti- 
ficial purge will carry off" the morbid bile ; and if excessire weakness 
do not come on, the same may be advantageously repeated. Setons 
are also recommended in the dewlap. When abscess appear, they 
may be opened, and their contents discharged, washing the wound 
with brandy or vinegar, if putrid sloughing takes place. The em- 
physematous swellings or cracklings, may also be opened, and the 
air discharged. The other essentials of medical treatment, as 
aetailed under malignant epidemic among horses, is here applicable 
in every particular. When recovery takes place, it is usually a 
very slow process, and requires care to prevent other diseases super, 
vening. The animal should continue to be housed, and neither 
exposed to sun or wind for some time, and the feeding should be 
nutritious. The following infallible cure of the bloody murrain in 

23* 



2G0 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

cattle, was given by Mr. Jones, of Gloucester county, Va. to Mr. 
Benjamin Harrison, of Charles City County, Va. — " A quart of the 
infusion of cedar berries, (containing about half a pint of the ber- 
ries) was given at a time, and in nearly every case the good effects 
were almost instantaneous : a considerable discharge from the 
bladder and bowels followed, and in five or ten minutes time, the 
animal began to eat. In nineteen cases out of twenty a perfect 
cure was effected. It may be necessary to repeat the drench four 
or five times." 

182. The prevention of the murrain, or the prevention of its 
spreading, in many respects is even more important than its medical 
treatment. Where it has already appeared, all the out-buildings, 
but particularly the ox-lodges or stalls, should be daily fumigated 
with the preventive fumigation (161 ;) and, even the whole of the 
infected districts should have frequent fires of green wood made in 
the open air, and every such district should be put under rigorous 
quarantine. The cattle on every farm should be carefeDy examined 
three or four times every day, and the moment one is found to droop, 
he should be removed to a distance from the others. In very bad 
weather, while it is prevalent, the healthy cattle should be housed, 
and particularly well fed ; and their pastures should also be changed. 
The bodies of those who die r»f the disease should be buried with 
their skins on, very deep in the earth, and quick lime should be 
strewed over them. — Prevention — Mr. Wm. Minge, (of James 
River, Va.) recommends tho ti ;e of a mixture of clay, salt, (in the 
common proportion for slock) tar and powdered brimstone. For 
fifty head, one gallon of tar and half a pound of brimstone, per week, 
put in a trough to which the cattle had free access. The disease, 
it appears, is endemic in Virginia, particularly in the districts bor 
dering on tide water. 

183. Phrenzy fever, or inflammation of the brain, called also 
cough, now and then, but by no means frequently, attacks cattle 
The symptoms differ but little from those which attack horses.— 
The treatment must be exactly similar. 

184. Inflammation of the lungs occasionally occurs in cattle, m 
which also the symptoms, progress, and proper treatment, are similar 
to those detailed under that head in horse pathology (31.) 

185. Inflammation of the stomach sometimes occurs from poison. 
ous matters ; and in such cases, when the nature of the poison is 
discovered, the treatment detailed under poison in horse pathology 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 26t 

must be pursued. But there is a species of indigestion, to which 
cattle are liable in the spring, from eating voraciously of tJie young 
sprouts of wood; to which some woods are more conducive than 
others. The symptoms are Iieat, thirst, costivencss, lessened urine, 
quicU and liard pulse, with heat and redness in the mouth and nose; 
the belly is hard and painful, and the stools, when they appear, are 
covered with glare. When the mouth and nose discharge a serous 
fluid, tlie animal usually dies. 

186. Treatment. Bleed at first, open tlie bowels by saline pur. 
gatives (164.) After this give large quantities of nitrated water, and 
clyster also largely. 

187. The hcwe or blown in cattle is also an inflammatory aflfec- 
tion of the paunch, ending in paralysis and rupture of its substance. 
From the frequency of its occurrence, it has become a subject of 
investigation with almost every rational grazier, and a particular 
matter of inquiry with every agricultural body ; from whence it is 
now very successfully treated by the usual attendants on cattle, 
when skilful ; but when otherwise, it usually proves fatal. It is 
observed to be more frequent in warm weather and when the grass 
is wet. When either oxen, cows, or sheep, meet with any food 
they are particularly fond of, or of which they have been long 
deprived, as potatoes, turnips, the diflTerent grasses, particularly red 
clover ; they eat greedily, and forget to lie down to ruminate ; by 
which means the first stomach or paunch, becomes so distended aa 
to be incapable of expelling its contents. From this inflammation 
follows, and fermentation begins to take place : a large quantity ol 
air is let loose, which still adds to the distention, till the stomach 
cither bursts, or by its pressure on the diaphragm, the animal is 
suffocated. Tiiis situation of the beast is known by the uneasiness 
and general swelling of the abdomen ; with the circumstances ol 
the animal being found with such food, or the presumption that i* 
has met with it. 

188. Treatment. There are three modes of relieving the com- 
plaint, which may be adverted to according to the degree ol 
distention, and length of time it has existed. These are internal 
medicines ; the introduction of a prohang of some kind into the 
paunch by the throat : and the puncturing it by the sides. Dr. 
Whyatt of Edinburgh, is said to have cured eighteen out of twenty 
hoved cows, by giving a pint of gin to each. Oil, by condensing 
the air, has been successfully tried. Any other substance also, thai 
has a strong power of absorbing air, may be advantageously given. 



202 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

Common salt and water, made strongly saline, is a usual country 
remedy. New milk, with a proportion of tar equal to one-sixth of 
t.lic milk, is higlily spoken of. A strong solution of prepared am- 
monia in water often brings off a great quantity of air, and relieves 
the animitl. Any of these internal remedies may be made use of 
when the lioven has recently taken place, and is not in a violent 
degree. But wl. jn otherwise, the introduction of an instrument is 
proper, and is now very generally resorted to. The one principally 
in use is a species of probang, invented by Dr. Munro, of Edinburgh 
Another consisting of a cane of six feet in length, and of con 
siderable diameter, having a bulbous knob of wood, has been invented 
by Eager, which is a more simple machine, but hardly so effica- 
cious. It is probable that in cases of emergency, even the larger 
end of a common cart whip, dexterously used, might answer the 
end. But by far the best instrument for relieving hoven cattle, as 
well as for clystering them, is Read's enema apparatus, which is 
alike applicable to horses, cattle, and dogs. It consists of a syringe, 
to which tubes of different kinds are applied, according to the pur- 
pose, and the kind of animal to be operated upon. There is a long 
flexible tube for giving an enema to horses and cattle, and a smaller 
one for dogs. To relieve hoven bullocks effectually, it is necessary 
not only to free the stomach from an accumulation of gas, but from 
the fermenting pultaceous mixture which generates it ; for this pur- 
pose a tv.be is applied to the extremity of the syringe, and then 
passed into the animal's stomach, through the mouth, and being 
put in action, the offending matter is discharged by a side opening 
When the same operation is performed on sheep, a smaller tube is 
made use of. The characteristic excellency of Read's instrument, 
is, that there is no limit to the quantity of fluid that may noi be 
injected or extracted. The same syringe is used for extracting 
poison from the stomach of man, for smoking insects, extinguishing 
fires, and syringing fruit trees. The introduction of any of these 
instruments may be effected by the help of an assistant, who should 
hold the horn of the animal by one hand and the dividing cartilage 
of the nose with the other ; while the operator himself, taking the 
tongue in his left hand, employs his right in skilfully and carefully 
introducing the instrument; the assistant bringing the head and 
neck into such an attitude as to make the passage nearly straight, 
wiiich will greatly facilitate the operation. But when no instru- 
ments can be procured, or as cases may occur when indeed it is not 
advisable to try them, as when the disease has existed a considerable 
time, or the animal has become outrageous, or the stomach so much 
distended with air that there is danger of immediate suffocation or 
bursting : m these instances the puncture of the maw must b« 



DISEASES OF CA.TTLE. 263 

instanlly performed, which is called paunching. This may be done 
vvitli tire greatest ease ; midway between the illium or hauncli none, 
and the last rib of the left side, to which the paunch inclines ; a 
sharp pen. knife is frequently used, and persons in veterinary prac- 
tice should always keep a long trochar ; which will be found much 
the most efficacious, and by far the most safe, as it permits the air 
escaping certainly and quickly, at the same time that it prevents its 
entrance into the cavity of the abdomen, which would occasion an 
equal distention. As soon as the air is perfectly evacuated, and the 
paunch resumes its office, the trochar may be removed ; and in what- 
ever way it is done, the wound should be carefully closed with 
sticking plaster or other adhesive matter. It is necessary to observe, 
that this operation is so safe, that whenever a medical assistant 
cannot be obtained, no person should hesitate a moment about doing 
it himself. After relief has been afforded, a stimulant drink may 
yet be very properly given, such as half a pint of common gin ; or 
one ounce of spirit of hartshorn in a pint of ale ; or two ounces of 
spirit of turpentine in ale, may any of them be used as an assistant 
stimulus. When also the cud is again chewed, still some relaxation 
of the digestive organs may remain ; at first, therefore, feed spar 
ingly and give for a few mornings a tonic. [130 No. 1.] 

189. Inflammation of the bowels, or red colic, is by no means 
unknown in cattle pathology ; the symptoms of which do not differ 
from those common to the horse, and the treatment also, is in every 
respect the same. c45.") 

190. Inflammation of the liver, or hot yellows, sometimes occur, 
in which case, in addition to the symptoms detailed under hepatitis 
in the horse (58,) there is, from the presence of systic bile in the ox, 
a more determined yellowness of the eye-lids, mouth, and nostrils, 
the treatment must be similar. (58.) 

191. Inflammation of the kidnies, called red water, by the cow- 
iceches, is not uncommon among cattle, and is perhaps dependent 
on the lobulated form of these parts in them. The animal to the 
other symptoms of fever, adds stiffness behind, and often straddles, 
but always shrinks on being pinched across the loins, where fre- 
quently increased heat is felt, the urine is sometimes scanty, and 
now and then increased in quantity, but it is always first red, then 
purple, and afterwards brown or black, when a fatal termination 
may be prognosticated. The treatment has been fully detailed under 
nephritis in the horse pathology, (60) and which consists in plentiful 
oleedings, &c. but carefully abstaining from the use of diuretics, as 
advised by ign&rant cow-leeches 



264 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

192. Black water is only the aggravated and latter stages of the 
above 

193. luflammation of the bladder also now and then occurs, and 
in no wise differs from the cystisis of the horse, in consequences 
and treatment. (G2.) 

194. The colica of cattle, arise from different causes ; they are 
subject to a spasmodic colic, not unlike that of horses, and which is 
removed by tlie same means. (53.) Costiveness also brings on a colic 
in them, called clue bound, fardel bound, &c. which often ends in 
red colic, unless early removed ; the treatment of this we have fully 
detailed. (55.) Another colic is accompanied with relaxation of 
bowels. 

195. Diarrhoea, scouring, or scouring cow, is common in cattle, 
and is brought on by exposure to rain, improp»er change of food, 
over driving, and other violences. It is essentially necessary thai 
the animals be taken under cover, kept warm and dry, and have 
nutritious food allowed them. The medical treatment has been 
detailed. (52.) 

196. Dysentery or hraxy, bloody ray, and slimy flux, differs from 
simple scouring, in a greater degree of fever attending it, and in its 
being an inflammation of i particular kind, and part of the intes- 
tines. It is frequently dependent on a vitiated putrid state of the 
bile, brought on by over driving in hot weather, low damp pastures 
in autumn, &.c. The discharge is characterized by its bad smell, 
and by the mucous stringy patches in it, and also by its heat and 
smoking when voided ; all which are very different from the mere 
discharge of the aliments in a state of solution in diarrhoea, and 
which differences should be carefully marked to distinguish the one 
from the other; treat as under dysentery in the horse. (49.) 

197. Yellows. When active fever is not present, and yet cattle 
are very dull, with great yellowness of eyelids, nostrils, &.c. it 
arises from some biliary obstruction, to which oxen and cows are 
more liable than horses, from their being furnished with a gall 
bladder ; it is a more common complaint in some ot the cold pro- 
vinces on the continent, where they are housed and stall fed all tln» 
year round, tlian it is in England. The treatment is the same as 
detailed for chronic inflammation of the liver in horses (59) adding 
in every instance to it, a change of pasturage, and if convenient, 
into salt marshes, which will alone often effect a euro 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 265 

198. Loss of the cud. This enters the list of most cow-leechas' 
diseases, but is less a disease than a symptom of some other alFec- 
tion ; indeed it is evident that any attack sufficient to destroy the 
appetite will generally occasion the loss of the cud. It is possible, 
however, that an occasional local affection or paralysis of the paunch 
may occur, particularly when it is distended with unhealthy sub- 
stances, as acirns, crabs, the tops of some of the woody shrubs, &.c. 
The treatment in such cases consists in stimulating the stomach by 
tonics, as aloes, pepper, and gin mixed ; though these, as liquids 
may not enter the stomach in common cases, yet in this disease or 
impaired action of the rumen, they will readily enter there. 

199. Staggers, daisy or turning, are sometimes the consequences 
of over feeding, particularly when from low keeping, cattle are 
suddenly removed to better pasturage. Treat with bleeding and 
purgmg. 

200. Tetanus, or locked jaw, now and then attacks cattle, in which 
case it presents the same appearances and requires the same treat- 
ment as in horses. (11.) 

201. Cattle surgery is in no respect different from that in prac 
tice among horses, the wounds are treated in the same manner. 
Goring with the horns will sometimes penetrate the cavity of the 
belly, and let out the intestines ; the treatment of which is the same 
as in tiie horse. (5G.) Strains, bruises, &,c. are also to be treated 
like these of horses. 

202. Foul in the foot. This occasionally come* on of itself, but is 
more often the effect of accident : cleanse it well and keep it from 
dirt: — apply the foot paste. (166.) 

203. Wornals, or puckeridge, are tumours on the backs .: f cattle 
occasioned by a dipterous insect which punctures their skin, and 
deposits its eggs in each puncture. When the eggs are hatched, 
and the larvae or maggots are arrived at their full size, they make 
their way out, and leave a large liole in the hide, to prevent which 
the destruction of the egg should be attempted by nipping the 
tumour, or thrusting in a hot wire. 

204. Cattle obstetrics are not very varied ; young cows of very 
full habits have sometimes a super-abundant secretion of milk before 
calving, which produces fever and heat ; sometimes from cold taken , 
the same will occur after calving also : in either case, give miid dry 
food or hay ; bathe the udder also with vinegar and water ; in some 



266 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

cases, warm fomentations do best. If the fever run high, treat as 
under fever in horse pathology. 

205. The process of calving is usually performed without diffi- 
culty ; sometimes, however, cross presentations take place, and 
sometimes a constriction of parts prevents the natural passage of 
the calf. To act properly on tliese occasions, great patience is 
required, and much mildness ; many cows have been lost by brutal 
pulling ; we have seen all the men and boys of a farm mustered to 
pull at a rope affixed about a calf, partly protruded, which, when it 
was thus brought away, was forced to be killed, and the mother soon 
died also from the protrusion of parts this brute? force brought with 
the calf. A steady, moderate pull, during the throes of the animal, 
will assirst much ; having first directed the attention n the situation 
of the calf, and that the presentation is sucli as not to obstruct its 
progress ; if it does, the calf must be forced back, and turned or 
placed aright. 

206. IVhethering, or retention of the afier-hirth or burden. It 
sometimes happens that this is retained ; for which no better remedy 
has been hitherto discovered than warm clothing and drenching 
with ale, administered as a forcer. 

207. The diseases of calves are principally confined to a species 
of convulsions which now and then attacks them, and which some- 
times arises from worms, and at others from cold. When the first 
cause operates, it is then relieved by giving a mild aloetic purge, 
or in default of that, a mild dose of oil of turpentine, as half an 
ounce night and morning. In the second, wrap up the animal warm, 
and drench with ale and laudanum a drachm. Calves are also very 
subject to diarrhoea or scouring, which will readily yield to the 
usual medicines. (131.) 

208. Horn distemper or horn ail, A disorder incident to horned 
cattle, by which the internal substance of the horn (commonly 
called the pith, which is the spongy part of the bone) wastes away, 
&c. This disorder may be known by a dullness in the countenance, 
a sluggish motion, want of appetite, a desire to lie down frequently, 
shake their head and appear dizzy, &c. To be sure of this disease, 
take a small gimblet and perforate the horn 2 or 3 inches above the 
head : if it is hollow and no blood follows, it is the hollow horn ; 
This distemper is generally brought on by poverty, &c. 

Bore each horn at the upper and lower side that the drain may 
iiave vent, and administer at least two or three doses of salts or 



DISEASES OP CATTLE. SfOt 

some gentle purgative ; inject into the horn strong vinegar and cam. 
phorated spirits of salt and vinegar : this will cleanse the horn and 
effect a cure. Sawing off the horn is sometimes performed, but the 
above receipt Is preferablo. 

209. Verftiin on cattle. It is found that a strong decoction o*" 
tobacco washed over a beast infected with vermin will generally 
drive them away. It sometimes will make the beast very sick for 
a short time. But a better remedy is to mix a plenty of strong 
Scotch snuff in train oil, and rub the back and neck of the creature 
with it ; which will effectually kill or drive away all vermin from 
a quadruped. 

Salt — Let it be remembered, when given to animals, enables the 
farmer to increase his live stock and keep them in health ; hence it 
ought freely to be given to sheep and cattle of every description ; 
but, to imitate nature, it should be previously dissolved and then 
mixed with pure fine clay in a mass, which is to be placed under a 
shelter so that the animals may lap it at pleasure. 



24 



268 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 



THE 

DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

210. The diseases of sheep are numerous ; for these 
animals are now so highly cultivated that they may be 
regarded in some respects as artificial machines : and 
thus, as a natural consequence, they are subject to a 
variety of artificial defects and maladies. 

211. The rot is a popular term among shepherds, 
and includes within its range diseases widely different. 
We shall not thei^efore follow the custom of treating 
the different rots of sheep together ; but we shall allow 
them to fall in the natural order, according to the plan 
pursued with the diseases of oxen. 

212. The inflammatory and putrid fever, popularly known by the 
names higham striking or blood striking, does not differ materially 
from the same disease in oxen and cows : and is in sheep also some- 
times epidemic ; appearing by panting, dullness, watery mucus 
from the nose and eyes, and great redness of all such parts as are 
usually white. 

213. The red water. The inflammatory fever sometimes resolves 
itself into an universal secretion of serum throughout all the cavi- 
ties ; in which case after a few days, the lymph tinged with blood 
will come away from the nose and mouth in large quantities. Some- 
times after death the bloody serum is found suffused throughout 
the skin as in the blood striking of skins. 



DISEASES OP SHEEP. 



2^d9 



214. The claveau or sheep pox is also another variety of this dis- 
ease, in whicii it takes on a pustular form. About the third day 
email variolae appear : sometimes they are rather blotches than pus- 
tules. The weakness is usually extreme, and the putridity great. 
This form of the disease is seldom seen with us ; but it is still 
known on the continent, where the pastures are very poor and 
low, and the general keeping meagre. 

215. The treatment of all these in no wise differs from that di. 
rected under the inflammatory putrid fever of the ox. The doses 
of medicines being about a third of what is directed for them. 

216. Malignant epidemic or murrain. Sometimes an epidemic 
prevails which greatly resembles the murrain of oxen ; in appear- 
ances, termination, and treatment it resembles malignant epidemic 
of oxen. (178.) 

217. Peripneumonia or inflamed lungs, rising of the lights, glan- 
derous rot, hose, cj-c. Tliese terms are all modifications of an in- 
flamed state of the viscera of the chest, caught by undue exposure, 
bad pasturage, and often from over driving. The cough, trem- 
blings, the redness of the eyes and nostrils, and the distillation of 
a fluid from them, with the heavings and hot breath, are all simi- 
lar to those which characterize pneumonia or rising of the lights 
in oxen. We remember to have seen the disease strongly marked 
in the February of 1808, on a farm in the neiglibourhood of Streat- 
ham ; where eleven sheep were attacked almost together, after a 
very stormy night. They were first affected by a loss of appetite; 
next with a fixed steadfast look, which was common to every one 
After this, they reeled about, fell backwards and became convulsed. 
When seen, five were almost dead, whose internal appearances 
fully confirmed the nature of the disease. The rest recovered by 
bleeding and drencliing, witli drenches composed of nitre and tar- 
tar emetic. Sometimes tlie symptoms of pneumonia do not kill 
immediately, but degenerate into an ulceration of the lungs ; which 
is then called the gliindcrous rot. This stage is always fatal : the 
others may, by early attention, be combatted by judicious treat, 
ment, as detailed under the same disease in oxen. 

218. A chronic cough in sheep, when not symptomatic of rot, is 
always cured by a change of pasturage, particularly into a sa.'t 
mash. 

219 Inflammation of the stomach occurs from vanoufi causes. A 



270 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

common one arises from eating noxious veg«^tables, and produce! 
the affections termed tremblings. It also produces the grass ill in 
lambs, which latter is always accompanied with black foetid faeces, 
and is readily removed by an ounce of castor oil ; while the for- 
mer usually yields to half an ounce of oil of turpentine, beaten up 
with the yelk of an egg. Some herbs (as Atropa belladonna) when 
eaten produce spasmodic affections, which are called by shepherds 
leaping ill: in such cases the water solution of aloes {Vet. Pha 
164,) in doses of two or three ounces is useful. Daffy's elixir we 
have also known to be given with good effect. 

220. The hove, blast, or wind colic. Sheep are as liable to be 
distended with an enormous collection within the maw, as oxen. 
An instrument similar to that invented by Dr. Monro is also made 
for them ; and when not relieved by these means, the same reme 
dies are applicable, as are directed for oxen. (188.) 

221. A wind colic will also sometimes affect sheep more from 
the quality than the quantity of what they eat ; it is best relieved 
by an ounce of castor or sal<|.d oil with an ounce of gin. 

222. Inflamed liver, blood rot, or hot yellows, are liver affections 
arising from fever settling in that organ ; or from obstructed bile 
irritating it. Sometimes there are great marks of fever, and at 
others more of putridity ; according to which, treat as may be 
gathered from ox pathology. 

223. Jaundice also now and then occurs, when refer to that dis- 
ease in oxen. (197.) 

224. Dysentary, gall scour, braxy, are all affections brought on 
oy sudden changes of temperature, or of undue moisture acting 
with cold pasturage. It is often seen in sultry autumns : — Treat as 
under ox braxy. (196.) 

225. Scouring is the diarrhcea of sheep, and in very hot weather 
soon carries them off. It should be early attended to, by abstract- 
ing the affected and housing them. The treatment is seen under 
diarrhcea of oxen, ''195,) which it closely resembles. 

226. Pinning, tag-belt, break-share. The two former are only 
the adhesion of the tail to the wool, and the excoriation brought 
on by diarrhoea ; the latter is the diarrhoea itself, known to some 
by this term. 

227. The rot tn sheep is also called great rot, and hydropic rot, 
^c. out it is mere popularly known by the single term of rot.~ 



DISEASES OF SHEEP. 21 1 

Many causes have been assigned for it, as the faciola fiepaiica, or 
fluke worm ; some particular plants eaten as food ; ground eaiing ; 
snails and other ingesta: but as most of the supposed deleterious 
herbs have been tried by way of experiment, and have failed to 
produce the disease, so it is attributable to some other cause. — 
Neither is there reason to suppose that the fluke worm occasions 
it, since we know the biliary vessels of other animals, as horses, 
asses, rats, &c. often have them ; and above all, because that they 
are not always present in the rotted subject. From long expe- 
rience and the almost invariable effect produced by a humid state 
of atmosphere, soil, and product, we are warranted in concluding 
these are the actual and immediate agents ; perhaps the saturated 
food itself is sufficient to do it. The morning dew has been sup- 
posed equal to it. Bakewell, when his sheep were past service, 
used to rot them purposely, that they might not pass into other 
hands. This he always readily did by overflowing his pasturages. 
But great differences of opinion exist as to the quantity, form, and 
varieties of moisture productive of this fatal disease. It is said 
that land on which water flows, but does not stagnate, will not rot 
however moist ; but this is contradicted by the experience of Bake- 
well, who used merely to flood his lands a few times only to rot 
his sheep. It is also said that they are safe from rot on Irish bogs, 
salt marshes, and spring flooded meadows, which experience seems 
to verify. It is also said that the very hay made from unsound 
land will rot ; but this wants confirmation. When salt marshes 
are found injurious it is only in such years when the rain has satu- 
rated, or rather super-saturated such marshes. That putrid exha- 
lations unaccompanied with moisture can occasion rot, wants con- 
firmation also ; for these commonly go together, and it is difficult 
to separate their effects. It is not perhaps the actual quantity of 
water immediately received by land, but the capacity of that land 
to retain the moisture, which makes it particularly of a rotting 
quality. 

228. The signs of rottenness are sufficiently familiar to persons 
about sheep. They first lose flesh, and what remains is flabby 
and pale ; they lose also their vivacity. The naked parts as the 
lips, tongue, &,c. look livid, and are alternately hot and cold in the 
advanced stages. The eyes look sad and glassy, the breath is 
foetid, the urine small in quantity and high coloured ; and the 
bowels are at one time costive and at another affected with a black 
purging. The pelt will come off on the slightest pull in almost all 
cases. The disease has different degrees of rapidity, but is always 
fatal at last Thi« difference in degree occasions BOrtie rotted 
24* 



272 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

sheep to thrive well under its progress to a certain stage, when 
they suddenly fall off, and the disease pursues the same course witn 
the rest. Some graziers know this crisis of declension, as it has 
been called, and kill their sheep for market at the immediate nick 
of time with no loss. In these cases no signs of the disease are 
to be traced by ordinary inspectors, but the existence of the flukes, 
and still more a certain state of liver and of its secretions, are 
characteristic marks to the wary and experienced. 

229. The treatment of rot is seldom successful unless when it is 
early commenced, or when of a mild nature ; a total change of 
food is the first indication, and that to a dry wholesome kind : all 
the farina are good, as tlie meals of wheat, barley, oats, peas, 
beans, &c. Carrots have done good mixed with these ; broom, 
burnet, elder, and mellilot, as diuretics, have also been recom- 
mended ; but it is necessary to observe, that there is seldom any 
ventral efflision but in the latter stages of the complaint. As long 
as the liver is not wliolly disorganized, the cure may be hoped by 
a .simple removal of the cause, which has been shown to be a va- 
riable temperature, with excessive moisture of pasturage which 
may also be aided by such remedies as assist the action of the 
biliary system ; salt acts in this way, and thus salt mashes are good ; 
salt may also be given in the water. Salt appears the principal 
ingredient in Flesh's patent restorative for sheep, for it states it 
to be composed of turpentine, sal ammoniac, turmeric, quicksil. 
ver, brimstone, salt opium, alkanet root, bark, antimony, camphor, 
and distilled water ; but in this medley none of the articles can be 
in sufficient quantity to prove useful, but the salt. In the more 
advanced stages of the disease, when the liver has become mate- 
nally affected, it is prudent t-o rub the bellies of each sheep with 
half a drachm of mercurial ointment every other day for a week ; 
give also the following, every morning ; watery tineture of aloes, 
half an ounce ; decoction of willow bark, four ounces ; nitric acid; 
twenty-five drops. 

230. The pelt rot, hunger rot, or naked disease, is a variety oi 
the former, but with this difference, that whereas the liver in the 
liydroptic rot, is principally affected ; in this the whole of the 
chylopoietic viscera are injured ; the mesenteric glands are al- 
ways swollen and obstructed, and from thence arises the emacia- 
tion and unhealthy state of all the secretions, by which the rot 
occomes incapable of receiving nutriment, and falls off" leaving 
the body bare, and in the last stages the teeth and horns also 
loosen. Indiffisrent, unhealthy keeping, is a very common cause of 



DISEASES OF SHEEP. 273 

this malady, and a contrary course of feeding is the best remedy 
wlien the disease has not gone on too long. 

231. The scab, shab, my or rubbers, are sometimes erysipelatous 
eruptions, and sometimes they are psoric or mangy ones. In the 
former instance tiiey are universal and very red, occasioning a great 
heat and itching, and are thence called the rubbers : in such cases, 
nitre administered quickly relieves, with change of food. The 
eruptive scab is seldom cured without an external application • 
either of those directed for mange, lowered to half the strength, 
will relieve it once. (See Vet. Pha. 171 and 172.) 

232. Foot rot sheep have a secretory outlet between the claws 
peculiar to them, whicli is liable to become obstructed : their feet 
are also liable to become injured, and then diseased, from travel- 
ling or continued standing on wet soils : but the real foot rot is an 
endemial affection which sometimes attacks half of the flock. It 
must be attended to by removing all diseased portions, and then 
dressing with the thrush paste, or foot rot application, {Vet. Ph. 
133,) and afterv^^ards wrapping up from external exposure. 

233. Staggers, gid, turnsicic, goggles, worm under the horn, stur 
dy, wateiy head, and pendro, are all popular terms for hydatids, or 
an animal now known as the tsenis globulus, which by some unac- 
countable means, finds its way to tlie brain and settles itself there, 
either in some of its ventricles or more frequently on its substance. 
Their size varies from the smallest speck to that of a pigeon ^gg, 
and the sheep it attacks are usually under two years old. These 
animals are likewise occasionally found in all the natural cavities 
of }he body. 

234. The appearances of cerebral hydatids are, stupidity, a dis- 
position to sit on the rump, to turn to one side, and to incline the 
head to the same while at rest. The eyes glare, and from oval, 
ihe pupils become round. An accurate examination will now usu- 
ally discover some softness at a particular part of the skull, gene- 
rally on the contrary side to that which the animal hangs the head : 
■when no softness of the skull is discernable, the Iiydatid usually 
exists in some of the ventricles, and the destruction of the sheep 
IS certain and quick, from the greater disturbance to the functions 
of the brain ; but when it is situated on the surface, it sometimes 
requires many months to destroy ; an absorption of the bone takes 
place and the hydatid increases, which produces the thinness in tho 
skull opposite to the affected part. 



274 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

235. This disease is not incurable, as has been supposed, but it is 
only relieved by a manual operation. In France it has been success- 
fully treated by the application of the actual cautery : a pointed 
iron, heated red hot, is forced through the skin and skull, to the 
surface of the brain ; the principal nicity of which, is in penetrating 
the hydatid with the hot iron without wounding the brain itself. 
In England, some shepherds are very dexterous at wiring, which 
they do by thrusting a wire up the nostrils till it rests against the 
skull. In the passage of the wire, the hydatid is usually ruptured ; 
others elevate the skull (by means of a trephine, or even a knife) 
opposite to the soften portion, and extract the hydatid, if possi 
ble, whole, which a little care will effect, by drawing it away 
with a blunt pincer, gently moving it from side to side. Tapping 
IS merely letting out the fluid contents of the hydatid by an awl, 
which is practised by some shepherds with success ; and if the 
instrument be not thrust too far, the animal is never injured ; to 
avoid which, it is passed obliquely. A well hardened gimblet is 
a proper instrument, with which the skull is easily penetrated, 
and an opening by the twisting of the instrument is made, suffi- 
ciently large in the hydatid itself, to discharge its contents, which 
IS all that is sufficient to insure its destruction, and which, if no 
other exist, is followed by immediate recovery. 

236. Frontal worms. Sheep are observed to gather together, 
with their noses thrust inward to avoid the attack of the oestrus 
ovis, or fly, that lays its eggs on the inner margin of the nose, 
which, having become hatched, the larva creep up into the fron- 
tal and maxillary sinuses, to the torment of the sheep. It is re- 
commended to cover their nostrils during the short stay of these 
insects, with a gauzy substance, through which the animal can 
breathe, and keeping it on with some adhesive plaster, &.c. or 
daubing the nose often with tar, train oil, or mercurial ointment, 
&c. Remedy — Take half a pound of good Scotch snuff", pour two 
quarts of boiling water on it, stir it and let it stand till cold, inject 
about a table spoonful up each nostril, with a syringe ; repeat three 
or four times at proper intervals, from the middle of October to the 
first of January. Half an ounce of assafcEtida pounded in a little 
water added to the snuff" will make it more eff"ectual. The owner 
need not be alarmed after the operation to see the sheep very 
drunk, &lc. as they will soon recover. 

237. Fluke icorms are a parasitic animal, found in the biliary 
Bmuses, not only of the sheep, but of the horse, ass, goat, deer 
&.C. and whose existence is rather a consequence than a cause of 
morbidity 



DISEASES OF SHEEP. 275 

238. Diseases of lambs are confined to indigestion, and eruption 
of secreted matter: the former shows itself in colic, which is re- 
lieved as in sheep, and also by diarrhoea, to be likewise cured by 
the means detailed for them ; the latter is more obstinate, begins 
on the rump, gradually extending along the chine, and when it 
becomes more universal, it usually destroys. The cure consists in 
giving daily drinks of half a drachm of cream of tartar, and one 
drachm of sulphur, in four ounces of chamomile decoction. Anomt 
also with mild mercurial ointment and Turner's cerate in equal 
quantities. 

239. Poison. Sheep are often poisoned by eating laurel or ivy, 
as it is commonly called (not the magnolium.) The symptoms of 
which is their foaming at the mouth, then vomiting the half mas- 
ticated leaves and green juice, by which the mouth of the animal 
is discoloured. Remedy — Take a gill of sweet oil, hog's lard, or 
fresh butter ; mix it with a pint of new milk. If taken seasonably 
it will effect a cure. Or, an egg given to each of the diseased, in 
the shape of a natural bolus, by simply breaking the egg snd slip- 
ping the yelk, and as much white as practicable, down the throat 
of the animal. The sheep, after swallowing the egg, will vomit 
up the leaves and green juice, but none of the egg. To cows give 
four times the quantity. 

240. To destroy sheep ticks. Make a weak solution of arsenic, 
in which the lambs are to be dipped a few days after shearing 
the sheep, as the ticks having then no harbour on the old sheep, 
will resort to the lambs for shelter — this is the time to destroy 
them. Not the smallest injury will occur to the sheep, provided 
you take care to keep the head out of the water. Three persona 
are necessary — two to hold and dip the lamb, the third to squeeze 
the wool while the lamb is held over the tub. Or — An ointment 
made of Scotch snuff and hog's lard, or train oil, will kill or destroy 
them by one application. One ounce of snuff to a pouud of lard 
or oil, is about the proportion. 

241. The castrating lambs, may be performed any time from the 
age of a fortnight or three weeks, to that of a month or six weeks, 
the lambs should be in a healthy state when it is done, as under 
any other circumstance they are likely to be destroyed by it. The 
operation is performed by opening the scrotum or cod and draw- 
ing out the testicles with the spermatic cord. This is often done 
with the teeth in the young state of the animal, but when the ope- 
ration is performed at a later period, it is usual to have recourse 



276 DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

to tho knife, the arteries being taken up and secured by means of 
ligatures or the searing iron ; the business to be done in fair wea 
ther, when not too warm ; the gelded lambs, &c. should be kept in 
a dry shelter and quiet situation for a kw days. 

Sore nipples. Lambs very often die of hunger from their dams 
refusing them suck. The cause of this is sore nipples, or some 
tumour in the udder, in which violent pain is excited by the strik- 
ing of the lamb. Washing with sugar of lead and water, or spirits, 
will remove the complaint. 




OF THE 

DISEASES OF SWINE. 

242. Swine are subject to various diseases, but according to Lau. 
rence, they are not easily doctored. They are subject, he says, to 
pox or measles, blood striking, staggers, quincy, indigestion, catarrh, 
peripneumonia, and inflammation of the lungs, called hearings. 
When sick, pigs will eat, and they will take medicine in their wash ; 
when they will not eat, there is no help for them. As aperients, 
cleansers, and alteratives, sulphur, antimony, and madder, are our 
grand specirics, and tliey are truly useful. As cordials and tonics, 
treacle and strong beer, in warm wash, and good peas and pollard. 
In the measles, sulphur, &c. and, if the patient require it, give cor- 
dials now and then ; in staggers, bleeding, fresh air, and perhaps 
nitre ; in catarrh, a warm bed, and warm cordial wash, and the same 
in quincy or inflammation of the glands in the throat. If external 
suppuration appear likely, discharge the matter when ripe, and 
dress with tar and brandy, or balsam. The heavings or unsoundness 
of the lungs in pigs, like the unsoundness of the liver in lambs, is 
sometimes found to be hereditary ; there is no remedy. This dis- 
ease in pigs is often the consequence of colds from wet lodging, or 
hasty feeding in a poor state; in a certain stage it is highly inflam- 
matory, and without remedy. Unction with train oil, and the 
internal use of it, have been sometimes thought beneficial. 

243. Cutting and spaying. Cutting the young pig is performed 
at six or seven weeks old, according to their strength ; in a week 
after which they may hi weaned. After weaning shut up the sow 
closely, feed well, and on the reflux of the milk, she will express 
very loudly her desire for the company of the boar. It is necessary 
to state that sows are voracious, and occasionally fierce and savage 
animals, and have actually devoured young children. The sow it 



278 DISEASES OF SWINE. 

epayed while she gives suck, and the boar safely castrated at any 
age. The operation of castrating is performed by cutting them 
across the middle of each stone, then pull them gently out and 
anoint the wound with tar. Spaying is performed by cutting in the 
mid flank, on the left side, with a sharp knife or lancet, in order to 
extirpate or cut off the parts destined for conception, and then stitch 
up the wound, anoint the part with tar salve, keeping the animal 
warm for two or three days. The usual way is to make the incision 
in a sloping manner, two inches and a half long, that the fore finger 
may be put in towards the back, to feel for the ovaries, which are 
two kernels as big as acorns, one on each side of the uterus, one of 
which being drawn towards the wound, the cord or string is cut, 
and thus both taken out. 







THE DISEASES OF DOGS. 

244. The diseases of dogs arc vciy numerous. Tlie 
following are described by Blaine as the most preva- 
lent, with their methods of cure. 

245. The canine asthma is hardly ever observed to attack any 
but either old dogs, or those who, by confirieineiit, too full living, 
and want of exercise, may be supposed to have become diseased by 
these deviations from a state of nature. It is liardly possible to keep 
a dog very fat for any great length of time, without bringing it on. 
This cough is frequently confounded with the cough that precedes 
and accompanies the distemper, but it may be readily distinguished 
from this by an attention to circumstances, as the age of the animal, 
its not affecting the general healtli, nor producing immediate ema. 
ciation, and its less readily giving way to medicine. 

246. The cure is often very difficult, because the disease has in 
general been long neglected before it is sufficiently noticed by the 
owners. As it is in general brought on by confinement, too much 
warmth, and over feeding ; so it is evident the cure must be begun 
by a steady, persevering alteration in these particulars. The niedi. 
ernes most useful, are alteratives, and of these occasionally emetics 
are the best. One grain of tartarised antimony (i. e. tartar emetic) 
with two, tliree, or four grains of calomel, is a very useful and 
valuable emet,'c. This dose is sufficient for a small dog, ana may 
be repeated Cwice a week with great success — always with palliation 

247. Of diseases of the eye, dogs are subject to almost as great a 
variety as ourselves, many of which end in blindness. No treat 
flicnt yet discovered will remove or prevent this complaint. 

25 



280 DISEASES OF DOGS. 

S48. Sore eyes, though not in general ending in blindness, are 
very common among dogs. It is an affection of the eyelids, is not 
unlike the scrofulous affection of the human eyelids, and is equally 
benefitted by the same treatment : an unguent made of equal parts 
of nitrated quicltsilver ointment, prepared tutty and lard, very lightly 
applied. Dropsy of the eyeball is likewise sometimes met with, 
but it is incurable. 

249. Cancer. The virulent dreadful ulcer, that is so fatal in the 
human subject, and is called cancer, is unknown in dogs ; yet there 
is very commonly a large schirrus swelling of the teats in bitches, 
and of the testicles (though less frequent) in dogs, that as it some- 
times becomes ulcerated, so it may be characterized by this name. 
In the early state of the disease discutients prove useful, as vinegar 
witii salt, and camphor and Spanish flies, with mercurial ointment, 
have sometimes succeeded ; taking care to avoid irritating the part 
so much as to produce blister. But wlien the swelling is detached 
from the belly, and hangs pendulous in the skin, it had better be 
removed, and as a future preventative suffer the bitch to breed. 
Schirrus testicles are likewise s )nictiines met with ; for these no 
treatment yet discovered succeeds but the removal of the j)art, and 
tliat before tiie spermatic chord becomes much affected, or it will 
be useless. 

250. Colic. Dogs are subject to two kinds of colic; one arising 
from constipation of tlie bowels, the other is a kind peculiar to dogs, 
apparently partaking of the nature of rheumatism, and also of spasm. 
From a sudden or violent exposure to cold, dogs become sometimes 
suddenly paralytic, particularly in the hinder parts ; having great 
tenderness and pain, and every appearance of lumbago. In every 
instance of this kind, there is considerable affection of the bowels, 
generally costiveness, always great pain. A warm bath, external 
stmiulants, but more particularly active aperients, remove the colic. 
Colic arising from costiveness, is not in general violently acute from 
the pain it produces; sometimes, however, it appears accompanied 
with more spasm than is immediately dependent on the confinement 
of tlie bowels. In the former give active aperients, as calomel with 
pil. cochioe, i. e. aloetic pill and clysters ; in the latter castor oil 
with laudanum and ether. 

251. Cough. Two kinds of cougli are common among dogs, one 
accompanying distemper, the other in an asthmatic affection of the 
chest. (See 245, 252.) 

252. Distemper. This is by far the most common and mo<st fatal 
among tlie diseases of dogs ; hardly any young dog escapes it — and 
of tlie few who do esca])e it in their youth, three-fourths are attacked 
with it at some period afterwards: it being a mistake that young 



DISEASES OF DOGS. 281 

dogs only have it. It however, generally attacks before the anuna] 
arrives at eighteen months old. When it comes on very early, tlio 
chances of recovery are very small. It is peculiarly fatal to grov 
hounds, much more so tlian to any other kind of dog, generally 
carrj'ing them off by excessive scouring. It is very contagious, but 
it is by no means necessary tiiat tiiere sliould be contagion present 
to produce it ; on the contrary, the constitutional liability to it ia 
such, tiiat any cold taken may bring it on ; and hence it is very com- 
mon to date its commencement from dogs being tlirown into water, 
or sliut out on a rainy day, &c. Tliere-is no disease whicli pre- 
simts such varieties as this, either in its mode of attack, or during 
its continuance. In some cases it commences by purging, in others 
by fits. Some have cough only, some waste, and others have 
moisture from the eyes and nose, withovit any other active symptom. 
Moist eyes, dullness, wasting with slight cough, and sickness, are 
the common symptoms tliat betol^en its approach. Then purging 
conies on, and the moisture from the eyes and nose from mere mucus, 
becomes pus or matter — there is also frequently sneezing, witli a 
weakness in the loins. When the disease in this latter case is not 
speedily removed, universal palsy comes on — during the progress 
of the complaint some dogs have fits. When one fit succeeds 
another quickly, the recovery is extremely doubtful. Many dogs 
are carried off rapidly by the fits or by purging; other waste gradu- 
ally from the running from the nose and eyes, and these cases ara 
always accompanied with great marks of putridity. 

253. The cure. In the early stages of the complaint give emetics ; 
they are peculiarly useful. A large spoonful of common salt dis- 
solved in three spoonfuls of warm water, has been recommended ; 
the quantity of salt being increased according to the size of the dog, 
and the difficulty of making him vomit. While a dog remains 
strong, one every other day is not too much : the bowels should be 
kept open, but active purging should be avoided. In case the com- 
plaint should be accompanied with excessive looseness, it should be 
immediately stopped by balls made of equal parts of opium, gum 
arable, prepared chalk, and conserve of roses with rice milk as food. 
Two or three grains of James' powder may be advantageosuly given 
at niyht, in cases where the bowels are not affected, and in the cases 
where the matter from the nose and eyes betokens much putridity, 
we have witnessed great benefits from balls made of what is termed 
Friar's balsam, gum guaiacum, and chamomile flowers in powder 
Dogs in every stage of the disease should be particularly well fed. 
A seton we have not found so useful as is generally supposed . 
where the nose is much stopped rubbing tar on the upper part Ls 



282 DISEASES OF DOGS. 

useful, and when there is much stupidity and the head seems much 
afFecled, a blister on tlie top is serviceable. 

Or, Take one part aloes, two parts salt petre, and four parts sul- 
phur ; incorporate the whole togetlier, and take as much as will lie 
on the point of a dinner knife, either put it into warm milk, and 
drench the dog, or give it to him in slices of meat. Tie up your 
nog for twenty-four hours after, and repeat the same in a day or two 
after, should the dog not be relieved. 

254. Fits. Dogs are peculiarly subject to fits. These arc of 
various kinds and arise from various causes. In distemper, dogs 
are frecjucntly attacked with convulsive fits, which begin with a 
champing of the mouth and shaking of the head, gradually extending 
over the whole body. Sometimes an active emetic will stop their 
progress, but more generally they prove fatal. Worms are often the 
cause of fits in dogs. These deprive the animal wholly of sense ; 
he runs wild till he becomes exhausted, when he gradually recovers, 
and perhaps does not have one again for some weeks. Confine- 
ment produces fits and likewise costiveness. Cold water thrown 
over a dog will generally remove the present attack of a fit ; and 
ibr the prevention of their future recurrence it is evident that tlie 
foregoing account of causes must be attended to. 

255. Inflamed bowels. Dogs are very subject to inflammation 
of their bowels, from costiveness, from cold, or from poison. When 
inflammation arises from costiveness, it is in general very slow in 
its progress, and is not attended with very acute pain, but it is 
characterized by the want of evacuation and the vomiting of food 
taken, though it may be eaten with apparent appetite. In these 
cases, the principal means to be made use of, are the removal of 
the constipation by active purging, clysters, and the warm bath. 
Calomel with aloes forms the best purge. But when the inflam- 
mation may be supposed to arise from cold, then the removal of 
any costiveness that may be present, is but a secondary consider- 
ation. This active kind of inflammation is characterized by violent 
panting, total rejection of food and constant sickness. There is great 
heat in the belly, and great pain ; it is also accompanied with great 
weakness and the eyes are very red. Tlie bowels sliould be gently 
opened with clysters, but no aloes or calomel should be made use 
of. The belly should be blistered, having first used the warm bath. 
When the mflammation arises from poison, thei'e is then constant 
sickness, the nose, paws, and ears are cold, and there is a frequent 
evacuation of brown or bloody stools. Castor oil should be given, 
and clysters i>f mutton broth thrown up, but it is seldom any treat, 
ment succeeds. 

256. Infiamed lungs. Pleurisy is not an uncommon disease 



DISEASES OP DOGS. 283 

among dogs. It is sometimes epidemic, carrying off great numbers. 
Its attack is rapid and it generally terminates in death on the third 
day, by a great effusion of water in the chest. It is seldom that 
it is taken in time, wlien it is, bleeding is useful, and blisters may 
be applied to the chest. 

257. Madness. The symptoms of madness are concisely summed 
up by Daniel, in the following words : " o.t first the dog looks dull, 
shows an aversion to his food and company, does not bark as usual, 
but seems to murmur ; is peevish and apt to bite strangers ; his 
ears and tail drop more than usual, and he appears drowsy ; after- 
wards he begins to loll out his tongue and froth at the mouth, his 
eyes seeming heavy and watery ; if not confined he soon goes off. 
runs panting along with a dejected air, and endeavours to bite any 
one he meets." As persons are continually alarmed at the approach 
of every strange dog, the following observations founded on expe- 
rience may be of service in knowing what dogs to avoid : I have 
seen many mad dogs but never knew one in that state to curl its 
tail. This is a certain indication of not being mad : If you see a 
dog dirty at the mouth, coming at a trot with his head high, and, a 
drooping tail avoid him as a viper. Or if you see one sifting sickly 
and dirty at the mouth, avoid him, though it is not likely that he 
will snap at you in that period of the disease. I never met a mad 
dog, on being pursued, (if his pursuers were not in actual reach to 
stone him, &c.) to exhibit any signs of fear, he generally goes if 
not impeded, in a straight line against the wind at a brisk trot, 
wholly unconcerned at the shouts of the multitude pursuing him, 
and never squats his tail. I never knew a dog that was not mad, on 
being pursued and shouted after by a number of people, not to exhibit 
every symptom of terror — squatting his tail, turning his head and 
scampering in every direction. If a mad dog escapes being killed, 
he seldom runs above two or three days, wlien he dies, exhausted 
with heat, hunger, and disease. As this is a subject of no suglit 
importance, we shall stand excused for introducing the criteria as 
described by Blaine, whose account of the disease founded on long 
experience and attentive observation, is calculated to remove many 
unfounded and dangerous prejudices relative to it. He describes it 
as commencing sometimes by dullness, stupidity and retreat from 
observation ; but more frequently, particularly in these dogs tliat 
are immediately domesticated around us, by some alteration in their 
natural habits ; as a disposition to pick up and swallow every minute 
object on the ground; or to lick the parts of another dog incessantly. 
or to lap his own urine, &c. About the second or third day. the 
disease usually resolves itself into one of two types. The one is oa.- 
led raging and the other dumb madness. These distinctions are not 
25* 



284 DISEASES OF DOGS. 

iiowever always clear ; and to which is owing so much of discrep- 
iincy in tlie accounts given by different persons of the disease. 

258. The raging madness, by its term has led to an erroneous 
conclusion, that it is accompanied witli violence and fury, which 
however, is seldom the case : sucii dogs are irritable and snappish, 
and will commonly fly at a stick held to them, and are impatient of 
restraint ; but they are seldom violent except when irritated or 
worried. On the contrary, till the last moment they will often 
acknowledge the voice of their master and yield some obedience to 
il. Neitiier will they usually turn out of their way to bite human 
persons, but they have an instinctive disposition to do it to dogs, 
and in a minor degree to other animals also ; but as before observed, 
seldom attack mankind without provocation. 

259. Dumb madness is so called, because there is seldom any 
barking heard, but more particularly, because the jaws drop para- 
lytic, and the tongue lolls out of tlie mouth, black, and apparently 
strangulated : a strong general character of the disease, is the dis- 
position to scratcli their bed towards their belly ; and equallj' so is 
the general tendency to eat trash, as hay, straw, wood, coals, dirt, 
&.C. and it should be remembered, that this is so very common and 
so invariable, tiiat the fmding these matters in the stomach after 
death, should always render a suspicion formed of the existence of 
the disease, confirmed into certainty. Blaine is also at great pains 
to disprove the notion generally entertained that rabid dogs are 
averse to water ; and neither drink or come near it. This error, he 
contends, has led to most dangerous results ; and is so far from 
true, that mad dogs, from their heat and fever, are solicitous for 
water, and lap it eagerly. When the dumb kind exists in its full 
force, dogs cannot swallow'what they attempt to lap ; but still they 
will plunge their heads in it, and appear to feel relief by it : but in 
no instance out of many hundreds, did he ever discover the smallest 
aversion to it. He lays very great stress on the noise made by 
rabid dogs, which he says is neither a bark nor a howl, but a 
tone compounded of both. It has been said by some that this 
disorder is occasioned by heat or bad food, and by othei-s that 
it never arises from any other cause but the bite. Accordingly 
this malady is rare in the northern parts of Turkey, more rare in 
the southern parts of that empire, and totally unknown under 
the burning sky of Egypt. At Aleppo, <vhere these animals 
perish in great numbers for want of water and food, and by the 
heat of the climate, this disorder was never known. In other 
parts of Africa and in the hottest zone in America, dogs are ne- 
ver attacked with madness. Blaine knows of no instance of the 
complaint being cured, although he has tried to their fullest extent. 



niSEASES OF DOGS. 2H5 

the popular remedies of profuse bleedings, strong mercurial ayid ar- 
senical doses, vinegar, partial drowning, niglit sliadc, water plan- 
tain, &.C. ho therefore recommends the attention to be principally 
directed towards the prevention of tlie malady. 

260. The preventive treatment of rabies or madness, is according 
to Blaine, always an easy process in the human stibject, from the 
immediate part bitten, being easily detected ; in which case the 
removal of the part by excision or cautery is an effectual remedy. 
Bat unfortunate for the agriculturist, it is not easy to detect the 
biltcn parts in cattle, nor in dogs; and it would be therefore most 
desirable if a certain internal preventive were generally known. 
Dr. Mead's powder, the Ormskirk powder, sea bathing, and many 
other nostrums are deservedly in disrepute : while a few country 
remedies, but little known bej'ond their immediate precincts, have 
maintained some character. Conceiving that these must all pos- 
sess some ingredient in common, he was at pains to discover it : 
and which he appears to have realized by obtaining among others 
the compositions of Webb's Watford drink. In this mixture, which 
is detailed below, he considers the active ingredient to be the buxus 
or box, which has been known as a propliylactic as long as the 
times of Hippocrates and Celsus, who both mention it. The reci- 
pe detailed below has been administered to nearly three hundred 
animals of different kinds, as horses, cows, sheep, swine and dogs • 
and appears to have succeeded in nineteen out of every twenty cases 
where it was fairly taken and kept on the stomach. It appears 
also equally efficacious in the liuman subject ; in which case ho 
advises the extirpation of the bitten parts also. The box preven- 
tive is thus directed to be prepared : — Take of the fresh leaves of 
the tree-box, two ounces; of the fresh leaves of rue, two ounces; of 
sage, half an ounce ; chop these fine and boil in a pint of water to 
half a pint ; strain carefully, and press out the liquor very firmly ; 
put back the ingredients into a pint of milk, and boil again to half 
a pint ; strain as before ; mix both liquors, which forms three do- 
ses for a human subject. Double this quantity is proper for p horse 
or cow. Two-thirds of the quantity is sufficient for a largo dog; 
half for a middling sized, and one-third for a small dog. Three do- 
ses are sufficient, giving each subsequent morning fasting, the. quan- 
tity directed being that which forms these three doses. As it some- 
times produces strong effects on dogs, it may be proper to begui 
with a small dose, but in the case of dogs we hold it always pru- 
dent to increase the dose till the effects are evident, by the sick- 
ness, panting, and uneasiness of the dog. In the human s")<ject 
where this remedy appears equally efficacious, we have never wu. 
nessed any unpleasant or artive effects, neither are such obprirvpa 



286 DISEASES OF DOGS. 

in cattle of any kind. About forty human persons have taken this 
remedy, and in every instance it has succeeded equally as with ani- 
mals : but candor obliges us to notice that in a considerable pro- 
portion of these, other means were used, as the actual or potential 
cautery : but in all the animals other means were purposely omit- 
ted. That this remedy therefore has a preventive quality, is un- 
questionable, am- now perfectly established ; for there was not the 
smallest doubt of the animals mentioned either having been bitten, 
or of the dog being mad who bit them, as great pains were in every 
instance taken to ascertain these points. 

261. To prevent canine madness. Pliny recommends worming 
of dogs ; and from his time to the present it has had, most de- 
eervedly says Daniel its advocates. He tells us, that he had various 
opportunities of proving the usefulness of this practice, and re- 
commends its general introduction. The fact, however, is, that 
taking out the worm has nothing to do with annihilating the di.s 
order, althougli it will most certainly hinder the dog seized with 
it from doing any hurt to man or beast. A late author asserts, he 
had three dogs that were wormed, bit by mad dogs at three se- 
veral periods, yet notwithstanding they all died mad — they did 
not bite, nor do any mischief, that being determined to make a 
full experiment, he shut one of tlie mad dogs up in a kennel, and 
put to him a dog he did not value — the mad dog often run at the 
other to bite him, but his tongue was so swelled that he could 
not make his teeth meet ; the dog was kept in the kennel until 
the mad one died, and was purposely preserved for two years af- 
terwards, to note the effect, but he never ailed any thing, altiiough 
no remedies were applied to check any infection that might have 
been received from the contact of the dog. The writer has had 
various opportunities of proving the usefulness of worming, and 
inserts three of the most striking instances, under the hope of in- 
ducing its general practice. A terrier-bitch went mad, that was 
kept in a kennel with forty couple of hounds; not a single liound 
was bitten, nor was she seen to offer to bite. The bitcli being of 
a peculiar sort, every attention was paid to the gradations of the 
disease (which were extremely rapid) minutely noted ; the hy- 
dropliobia was fast approaching before she was separated from 
the hounds, and she died the second day after ; at first warm milk 
was placed before her, which she attempted to lap, but the tliroat 
refused its functions ; from this period she never tried to eat or 
drink, seldom rose up, or even moved, the tongue swelled very 
much, and long before her death the jaws were distended by it. 
A spaniel was observed to be seized by a strange dog, and was 
oit in the lip ; the servant who ra,n up to part them narrowly es. 



DISEASES OF DOGS. 28? 

caped, as the dog twice flew at him ; a few minutes after tiro 
dog had quitted the yard, the people who had pursued, gave no- 
tice of the dog's madness, wiio had made terrible havoc in a 
couTi) often miles from whence he had set off. The spaniel was 
a srrcat favourite, had medicine applied, and every precaution ta. 
ken ; upon the fourteenth day he appeared to loatlie his food, and 
his eyes looked unusually heavy : the day following he endeavored 
to lap milk, but could swallow none ; from that time the tongue 
began to swell : he moved but seldom and on the third day he died ; 
for many hours previous to his death, the tongue was so enlarged, 
that the fangs or canine teeth could not meet each other by up- 
wards of an inch. The hounds were some years after parted with, 
and were sold in lots : a madness broke out in the kennel of the 
gentleman who purchased many of them, and although several of 
t!;ese hounds were bitten and went mad, only one of them ever 
attempted to bite, and that was a hound from the Duke of Port- 
land's, who in the operation of worming had the worm broke by 
his struggling, and was so troublesome that one half of it was suf- 
fered to remain ; the others all died with symptoms similar to the 
terrier and spaniel, viz : a violent swelling of the tongue, and a 
stupor rendering them nearly motionless, and both which symp- 
toms seemed to increase with the disease. The idea that worming 
prevents a dog from receiving the infection when bitten should be 
exploded; but the foregoing show how far it maybe recommended 
for the restriction of a malady horrid in its effects, where a human 
Being is concerned, and which to the sportsman and fanner are at- 
tended with such dangerous and expensive consequences. Blaine 
on the contrary, asserts, that the practice of worming is wholly 
useless and founded in error ; and that the existence of any thing 
like a worm under the tongue is incontestibly proved to be false ; 
and that what has been taken for it, is merely a deep ligature of 
tiie skin, placed there to restrain the tongue in its motions. He 
also observes, that the pendulous state of the tongue in what ia 
called dumb madness, with the existence of a partial paralysis of 
the under jaw, which they could not bite, having happened to dogs 
previously wormed, has made the inability to be attributed to this 
source, but which is wholly an accidental circumstance ; and hap- 
pens equally to the wormed and unwormed dog. 

ilG2. The worming of whelps is performed with a lancet, to slit 
the thin skin which immediately covers the worm ; a small awl is 
then to be introduced under the centre of the worm to raise it up ; 
tiie farther end of the worm will with very little force make its 
appearance, and with a cloth taking hold of that end, the other 
will be drawn out easily ; care should be taken that the whole of 



ii88 DISEASES OF DOGS. 

tlie worm comes away without breaking, and it rarely breaks un- 
less cut into hy tlie lancet, or wounded by the awl. 

263. Mange. This is a very frequent disease in dogs, and is an 
affection of the skin, either caught by contagion, or generated by 
Iho animal. The scabby mange breaks out in blotches along I'he 
back and neck and is common to Newfoundland dogs, terriers, 
pointers, and spaniels, and is the most contagious. The euro 
should be begun by removing the first exciting cause, if remova- 
ble, such as filth or jioverty ; or, as more general the contrary 
(for both will equally produce it,) too full living. Then an ap- 
plication should be made to the parts, consisting of sulphur and 
sal ammoniac : tar lime water will also assist. When there is much 
heat and itching, bleed and purge. Mercurials sometimes assist, 
but they should be used with caution ; dogs do not bear them well. 
Or, fresh butter, free from salt, quarter of a pound ; red precipitate, 
one ounce ; Venice turpentine, one ounce : mix the whole well to- 
gether, and put it into a pot for use, rub it on the parts affected 
morning and evening, keep your dog tied up, and keep him warn 
and dry for some days. 

264. Worms. Dogs suffer very much from worms, which as in 
most animals, so in them are of several kinds : but the effects pro- 
duced are nearly similar. In dogs having the worms the eoat gen- 
erally stares ; the appetite is ravenous though the animal frequently 
does not thrive ; the breath smells, and the stools are singular, 
sometimes loose and slimy, and at others hard and dry ; but the 
most evil they produce is occasional fits, or sometimes a continued 
state of convulsion, in wliich the animal lingers sometime and then 
dies; the fits they produce are sometimes of the violent kind ; at 
otiiers they exhibit a more stupid character, the dog being senseless 
and going round continually. The cure consists while in this state, 
in active purgatives joined with opium, and the warm bath ; any 
rough substance given internally, acts as a vermifuge to prevent 
tlie recurrence. 



ADDENDA. 




ANNALS OF THE TURF 

AND 

AMERICAN STUD BOOK, 

RULES OF TRAINING, RACING, &c. 



RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED 



AMATEUR, SPORTSMAN, AND BREEDER 



AMERICAN TURF HORSE. 



EDITOR'S PREFACE. 

The Publisher of the following work, with a view 
to an extension of its value, and to bestow on posterity 
a list of some of our most celebrated blood horses and 
mares, as well as those that have been imported, has 
added, with all the care the object so well merits, an 
AaiERicAN Stud Book, that such as may wish to breed 
from a particular stock, may trace the pedigree, in a 
way more satisfactory than vague report. The pub- 
lisher thankfully acknowledges, that he is much in- 
debted for information derived from the " American 
Farmer" and "American Turf Register" edited by 
J. S. Skinner, Esq. of Baltimore, to which works he 
confidently refers such of his readers as may wish fur- 
ther information as to the performance of many of the 
stud herein noticed, as well as for other particulars, 
perhaps too numerous for insertion in a small volume. 

The publisher will not deny, that errors may una- 
voidably occur in a work of this sort; but he offers it 
with a confidence, nevertheless, that it contains a 
greater number of pedigrees of blooded horses, than 
has been ever before published in our country ; and 
that it will be considered, at least, as meritmg the con- 
sideration which should attach to a work, possibly 
proving an introduction to a complete Stud Book. 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

Respectfully inscribed to the Amateur^ Sportsman^ 
and Breeder of the American Turf Horse. 

Annals of the Turf. — " The transcendent consequence of the 
liorse to man in every possible stage of human existence, has been 
the invariable theme of writers on the subject from the earliest 
records of time. Indeed it is impossible to conceive any other, out 
of tlie vast variety of animals destined by nature to human use, 
vvliich can, with the least prospect of success, dispute with the 
favourite horse the palm of his master's predilection and attachment. 
It is an attachment of a truly rational nature, and to a most worthy 
object. The very idea of being supported at ease by an auxiliary 
and borrowed animal power, and of being safely borne from place 
to place, at will, with a pleasant and gentle motion, or with the 
raj)idity of lightning, must have impressed the mind of the first dis- 
coverers of the mighty benefits of the horse, with ineffable delight. 
Such sentiments and feelings respecting this noble animal have been 
constantly entertained and handed down to us from the earliest 
ages. The general beauty, the harmony of jiroportion, the stateli- 
ness and delicacy of the superior species of tliis paragon of brute 
animals, could not fail of inspiring admiration in the breasts even 
of savage and untutored men. Time and the improving faculties of 
man, gradually developed the various uses aud qualifications of the 
horse. Endowed by nature with a portion of intellect, with a 
generous pliability of disposition and fortitude of heart, with vast 
and energetic bodil}' powers, he was found capable of bearing a sort 
of social part in all the pleasures and labours of man. He was 
associated with his master in the pleasures of the journey and the 
chase ; he shares willingly and with ardour in the dangers of the 
martial field ; and with a steady prowess partook in the humble 
labours of cultivating the soil for mutual subsistence. By the most 
illustrious nations of either ancient or modtvn times, the horse has 
ever been esteemed of the highest worth and consequence, and 
treated with a distinction and attendance befitting his rank as the 
first of domestic animals, approximating in society and service to 
human nature. It is among the most savage and debased tribes of 
men only, that the breed, condition, and comforts of this noble niii- 
mal have been neglected." 

This quotation from a very splendid English work on the blood 
horse, is no less just in sentiment than beautiful in language. It 
is proposed to treat of the value of the blood horso to our common 
stocks, and of the various uses to which his conformation adapts 
Jiim. It has at every period been fashionable with a certain class 
of moralists, who were more rigid than correct, to decry the sports 
of the turf; and, further, to contend that the breed of horses having 
received all the improvement of which it is susceptible, from the 
blood horse, the further propagation of the latter is useless ; they 
26 



292 ANNALS OE THE TURF. 

would further have horse racing abolished, and the horses applied 
generally as stallions. But tlie use which these sort of reasoners 
would propose to derive from the racing breed, would soon destroy 
itself. Tliey do not consider that in racing the necessity for thoT' 
■mgh blood, is obvious and imperative, and such is a sure ground 
of its preservation. Were the sports of the turf to be abandoned, 
that unerring test, by which to ascertain the purity of the blood, 
and the other requisite qualities of the race horse, would be lost, 
and consequently, that glorious and matchless species, the thorough 
bred courser, would in no great length of time, become extinct 
among us — and with him all his noble and valuable properties, and 
his place be supplied by a gross, ill-sliaped, or spider legged mongrel, 
which would insure the degeneration of the whole race. I would 
ask, is not a cross of the blood horse upon the common stock in- 
dispensable to insure us light footed and quick moving saddle hor- 
ses ? Where do we go for the parade or cavalry horse if it is not 
the blooded stock, or to those highly imbued with that blood ? Did 
not the speed and wind of the cavalry horses of Colonels Lee and 
Washington, during the revolutionary war, give those commanders 
a decided superiority over the enemy in the kind of warfare they 
waged, where celerity of niovement was all important ? and were 
not those horses proc\ircd in Maryland and Virginia, and partook 
of the best racing blood of those states? The value of tlie blood, or 
southern horse, from their ability to carry high weiglits, was strongly 
exemplified in the wars of the ancients ; as they rode to war in 
heavy arn>our, and always selected and preferred for this purpose 
their highest bred horses, which were also frequently covered, like 
their riders, in heavy armour. In former times in England, their 
hunters were only half bred liorscs, but later observations and expe- 
rience have fully convinced them that only tliose that are tliorough 
bred (notwithstanding the popular clamour of their deficiency in 
bone) are adequate in speed, strength, and durability, to long and 
severe chases with fleet hounds, particularly over a deep country, 
and that they will always break down any horses of an opposite 
description that may be brought into the field. 

The value of the racing blood when crossed upon the common 
cart breed is also apparent in making them superior in the plough 
and wagon, provided they liave the requisite size, arising from 
quicker action and a better wind particularly in the long hot days 
of summer. There is the same difference of motion between the 
race, and the common bred horse as between a coach and a cart. 
It '"« moreover a fact, although not generally known, that no other 
horses are capable of carrying witli expedition such hcav}' weights ; 
and were " a thirty stone plate (420 lbs.) to be given, and the dis- 
tance made fifty miles, it would be everlastingly won by the thor- 
ough bred horse. There is only one way in which a bred horse would 
be beat at high weights; it would be (to use a queer phrase.) to 
make it a stand still race ; in that rase, I would back a cart horss ; 
1 think he would beat a racer by hours." 

The strength of the race horse, and his ability to carry high 
weights, arise from the solidity of his bones, the close texture of his 
fibres, the bulk and substance of liis tendons, and from his whole 



ANNAhS OP THE TURF. J393 

psculiar conformation. His superior speed and endurance originate 
from his obliquely placed shoulders, depth in the girth, deep oval 
quarters, broad fillets, pliable sinews, and from the superior duc- 
tility and elasticity of his muscular appendages. 

It is also from the blood horse that we acquire fineness of skin 
and hair, symmetry and regularity of proportions, elegance and 
grandeur. As a proof of the latter qualities, the highest dressed 
horses of the ancient emperors are invariably of the highest cast of 
Arabian or Southern blood. 

The object of the preceding remarks was to show the impolicy 
of discouraging the sports of the turf, as being the indispensable 
test by which to try the purity of our blooded stock, and the only 
certain means of insuring its preservation ; that the thorougli bred 
horse was beyond all question, the most useful species of the whole 
geims. since he was applicable to every possible purpose of labour 
in which horses are used, either for the saddle, for war, parade, 
hunting, the road or quick draught, and even for the laborious ser- 
vices of the wagon and plough. It now only remains to make some 
remarks (as connected with the above tepics) on the standing and 
prospects of future patronage which the sports of the turf have in 
England and this country. It is an undeniable fact that the high 
degree of improvement to whicli the blood of stock horses in Eng 
land have attained, is mainly owing to the liberal and weighty pa 
tronage which has invariably been extended to the sports of the 
turf in that country ; it is patronised as a national amusement by 
the royal favour and munificence, and directly encouraged by the 
most distinguished nobility and gentry ; by men who are ranked as 
her chief statesmen. The decline of this sport has frequently been 
predicted in that country, particularly at unfortunate periods of 
war and distress ; but it has been steadily maintained for more than 
a century, with few or no fluctuations, and is at this time in a high 
state of prosperity. Never were so many thorough bred stallions 
kept in England as at present — never was New Market, Epsom, oi 
Doncaster, better attended than at the late meetings. The numbei 
of blood horses annually exported from England is unusually great, 
and to her, Russia, France, Austria, and the United States of 
America, the East and West Indies, have been long indebted for 
their most valuable stocks. 

In Virginia the sports of the turf have been revived and are ex- 
tending over the state with great spirit, and are infusing into her 
citizens a due sense of their importance in giving value to the race 
horse. Virginia has long held a pre-eminence over every other 
state in the Union in raising fine horses — and it is mainly to be 
attriliuted to the passion for this fascinating and rational amuse- 
ment, to the steady encouragement given to it at all times, both 
during adverse and prosperous times, since the state had its foun 
dation in a colony. To her the Carolinas, Georgia, Kentucky, and 
Tennessee, have always looked for a supply of blooded stallions ; 
to her they still are indebted as well as the new states of Alabama, 
Louisiana, INIississippi, &c. Let then Virginia maintain and in- 
crease this celebrity, by a'dopting all means which are calculated to 
promote so laudable a distinction. Let her place and extend tht* 



aVi. ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

sports of the turf on the most liberal and equitable bsisis, and let her, 
in order to give increased value to her racing stock, speedily pub- 
lish a Stud Book. 

Otigin and progressive improvement of the race horse. It cannot 
but be an interesting task to inquire into the origin of the turf 
horse, and to ascertain the means by which he lias been brought 
to his present liigh state of perfection. The English writers main 
tain the theory, that the horse genus was supposed to have consist- 
3d originally of two grand divisions or species : the silken-haired, 
flat, and fine bone courser, and the full bodied, coarse, and rough, 
liaired steed, adapted to draught and the more laborious purposes. 
From these two original species may fairly be derived all those 
numerous vari'.^ties wJiich we at this day witness in different parts 
of the world. Soil and climate most undoubtedly have considerable 
effects, through a long course of ages, in producing varieties of 
form, colour, character, and properties. The largest horses are 
generally found to be the production of the rich low lands of tlie 
temperate climates, abounding in rich and succulent food. The 
fine skinned, with elegant symmetry, dry and solid bones, large 
tendons, and the highest degree of muscular energy, in fact, bearing 
the general characteristics of the blood horse, are bred under warm 
and southern skies, upon a dry soil, on the hills of the desert. The 
hypothesis is entertained, that Arabia is the native or breeding 
country of the courser, and that part of Europe, formerly denomi- 
nated the Netherlands, or Low Countries, the original soil of the 
!arge drauglit horse. Other writers, jiowever, contend, that all 
horses are derived from the same single primitive species, and that 
varieties are purely accidental and the effects of varying soil and 
climate. This opinjon, however specious, is not sanctioned by 
facts and experience in allowing full force to the arguments derived 
from the effect of soil and climate, yet it is equally true there are 
certain landmarks and boundaries of specific character, in both the 
animal and vegetable creation, which nature will never permit to 
be ]);issed. 

No length of time or naturalization upon the marshy soil of Bel- 
gium, it may safely be pronounced, would be sufficient to transform 
the high bred, silken and bounding courser of Arabia, into the 
coarse, bluff and fixed horse of the former country; nor would the 
sojournment of the latter, during any number of ages, in the south, 
liave tlie effect of endowing him witli these peculiar properties of 
body, which distinguish the a!)original southern horse. Tlie inter- 
change just supposed, would no doubt have the effect of increasing 
fhe bulk of the courser and reducing that of the draft horse; but 
the natural characteristics of each, would remain unassailable by 
any other medium than that of intercopulation through which 
we know from experience they may be merged, and in effect an- 
nihilated. 

Arabia Dcserta is allowed to be the breeding country of the purest 
and highest bred racers; tliat is to sa}', possessed in the highest de- 
gree of those qualities wliich distinguish tlie species ; and these are 
sleekness and flexibiliiy of the skin, and general symmetry from the 
■lead to the lowest extremities. Tiie eye full and shining, the head 



ANNAjua OF THE TCKF. 295 

joined, not abruptly, but to a curved extremity of the necli ; tho 
shoulders capacious, deep or counter, and declining considerably 
into the waist ; the quarters deep, and the fore arms and thighs long, 
large and nmscular, with a considerable curve of the latter ; the 
legs flat and clean, with the tendon or sinew large and distinct; the 
pasterns moderately long, the feet somewhat deep, the substance of 
the hoof fine, like that of the deer ; in size not large, seldom ex- 
ceeding or reaching the height of fifteen hands. 

It is in the mountainous country, among the Bedouin Arabs, that 
tlie blood and characteristic properties of this species of the horse, 
has been preserved pure and iincontaminated by any alien mixture 
or cross, as they pretend, for more than two thousand years. 

It is well known tluit the Englisli race horse was originally bred 
from the Arabian, Barb, and Turkish stocks, and contains in his 
veins nearly an equal admixture of the blood of each. The Bar- 
bary horses were generally smaller than tlie Arabians, but carried 
more depth of carcase. Tlieir most prominent points are, ears 
handsome and well placed ; forehand fine and long, and rising 
boldly out of the withers ; main and tail tliinly haired ; with lean 
small head ; withers fine and high, loins short and straight, flanks 
and ribs round and full, with good sized barrel ; tail placed high ; 
haunches strong and elastic ; thighs well turned ; legs clean ; si- 
news detached from the shank ; pastern too long and binding ; 
foot good and sound; of all colours, but grey the most common. 
They are bred upon a similar soil and sprung from the desert like 
the Arabians, of which tliey are generally deemed a variety. In 
goodness of temper and docility these horses resemble the former, 
and are said to be very sure footed ; generally cold tempered 
and slow, requiring to be roused and animated, on which they 
will discover great vigour, wind and speed, being in their gallop 
great stridors. 

The Turkish horses resembled the Barbs, and were said to be 
handsome, elegantly formed, full of spirit, possessing fine hair, soft 
skins, good speed, but more particularly remarkable for their un- 
failing wind, enabling them to undergo much labour and fatigue. 

It is a curious physical question, that the Arabian, Barb, and 
Turkish horses, should, only in particular individuals, have proved 
valuable foal getters, and that these properties should be denied 
to the generality of them, and that the whole of them should so 
soon be laid aside. Out of the vast number of these foreign horses 
imported into England in early times, but very few of them estab- 
lished their characters as the propagators of high formed racers ; 
and it may be assumed as a fact, that for some more than half a 
century past, not a solitary Arabian, Barb, or Turkish stallion has 
been used in England ; or if used at all, were found to be utterly 
worthless. 

England soon discovered that from her fine climate and soil, she 
had obtained in size, form and speed, every quality which the best 
models of the original foreign breeding countries could afford to 
her, it is true she had to resort to the Arabians and Barbs for a 
foundation ; but as soo^ cs the stock arising f/om them had been 
sufficiently acclisiafed and dilfuifeU through the country, she found 
26* 



-^96 ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

it safest to rely upon them for all those qualities which they them 
seives haa acquired from their foreign progenitors. 

The early English breeders found the Arabian stock to const} 
tute an excellent cross upon the Barb and Turk, as from the Ara- 
bian blood was acquired speed, stoutness and stride from the Barb 
length and height from the Turk. 

But of all the foreign stallions imported into England in early 
times, the fame of the two great Arabians, the Darley and Godol 
phin, has swallowed up that of all the rest ; and the best English 
horses for nearly a century past, have been either deeply imbued 
in their blood, or entirely derived from it. They have produced 
stock of vast size, bone and substance, and at the same time en • 
dowed with such extraordinary and before unheard of powers of 
speed and continuance, as to render it probable that individuals 
of them have reached nature's ultimate point of perfection. The 
descendants of these Arabians have rendered the English courser 
superior to all the others, not only in the race, where indeed he has 
long excelled, but as a breeding stock. 

To such of my readers as are unacquainted with the history of 
that justly celebrated horse, the Godolphin Arabian, the following 
particulars of him may not be unacceptable. He was in colour a 
brown bay, somewhat mottled on the buttocks and crest, but with 
no white excepting the off heel behind ; about fifteen hands high, 
with good bone and substance. The fame of the Godolphin Ara- 
bian was greatly increased by the famous picture which was taken 
of him by the immortal Stubbs, and which sold at his sale for 246 
guineas. Tliis portrait of the Godolphin is doubtless an admirable 
piece ; it represents his crest as exceedingly large, swelling and 
elevated, his neck elegantly curved at the sitting on of the head, 
and his muzzle very fine. He had considerable length ; his ca- 
pacious shoulders were in the true declining position, and of 
every part materially contributary to action, nature had allowed 
him an ample measure : add to this, there is in his whole appear. 
ance, the express image of a wild animal, such as we may sup- 
pose the horse of the desert. Certainly the horse vi?as no beauty, 
but vfith his peculiar and interesting figure before me, I cannot 
help wondering, that it should not occur to his noble proprietor, 
a true sportsman as he was, that the Arabian might be wortliy of 
a trial as a stallion. Tliis liorse was iuiported by Mr. Coke into 
England, and it was strongly suspected that he was stolen, as no 
pedigree was obtained with him, or the least item given, as to the 
country where ho was bred ; the only notice given, was, that he 
was foaled in 1724. Mr. Coke gave him to Mr. Williams, keeper 
of the St. James' Coffee House, who presented him to the Earl of 
Godolphin. In this noble lords' stud he was kept as a teazer to 
Hobgoblin, during the years 1730 and 1731, when that stallion re- 
fusing to cover Roxan;i, she was covered by tlie Ar;ibiiui, the yiro- 
duce of which was Latli, not only a very elegant and beautiful 
horse, but, in the general opinion, the best which had appeared on 
the turf since Flying Childers. The Arabian served for the re- 
mainder of his life in the same stud, producing a yearly succession 
of prodigies of tlie species. He died in the year 1753, in his ti^Jih 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 297 

year, and was decently buried, and cakes and ale were given at the 
funeral of his flesh. Tlie followin-g famous horses, some of wliicli 
were of great size and powers, besides many others with a great 
number of capital racing and broodmares, descended from the Go- 
dolphin Arabian, viz : Latli, Cude, llegulus, Babram, Blank, Dis- 
mal, B;ijazct, Tamerlane, Tarquin, Phoenix, Slug, Blossom, Dor- 
mouse, Skewball, ISiiltan, Old England, Noble, tlie Gower Stal- 
lion, Godolphin Colt, Crip])le, Entrance. 

IMr. Darlej, of a sporting family in Yorkshire, being a mercan- 
tile agent in the Levant, and belonging to a hunting club at Alep- 
po, made interest to purchase a horse, one of the most valuable 
ever imported in England, and which fully established the worth 
of the Arabian stock. He was a bay horse, his near foot before, 
with his two hind feet white, with a blaze in his face, and about 
fifteen hands high; he was imported into England in the year 
1703, then four years of age. 

The Darley Arabian, (for such he was called,) got Flying Chii- 
ders, Bartlett's Childors, Almanzor, Whitulogs, Cupid, Brisk, Die- 
dalus, Skipjack, IManika, Aleppo, Bully Rock, Whistlejackct, Sec. 
This horse had not that variety of mares which annually pour- 
ed in upon the Godolphin Arabian, indeed he covered very few 
except those of Mr. Darley his proprietor — but from these sprung 
the largest and speediest race horses which were ever known. — 
Flying Childcrs and Eclipse, the swiftest bej'ond a doubt of ail 
quadrupeds, were the son and great grand son of this Arabian, 
from which, also, through Childors and Blaze, descended Samp- 
son, the strongest horse that ever raced before or since his time ; 
and from Sampson was descended Bay Malton, who ran at York 
four miles in seven minutes forty-three and a half seconds, being 
seven and a half seconds less than it was ever done before over 
the same course. 

On crossing, breeding and rearing the Turf Horse. The subject 
of crossing is one of the most important which has ever engaged 
the attention of tlie breeder or amateur, and it is still left in doubt 
whether we ought to adhere to remote crossing in propagating the 
race horse, or that we may successively breed "in and in," viz. 
putting horses and mares together of the same family. 

All that we can do is to disclose the facts which that unerring 
guide, experience, has established, and the exceptions to the rule 
which those facts have pointed out to us. Crossing, or intermix- 
ing the blood of different racing breeds, has ever prevailed upon 
the turf, and experience has proven it to be a rational practice, 
when adopted with the view of an interchange of the requisite 
qualifications, external or internal ; such as the union of speed 
and bottom, sleiiderness and substance, short and long shapes. 

Experience tells us that the greatest success has ever attende(J 
those breeders and that the most valuable stock has resulted there- 
from, who have adhered to remote crosses. The finest running 
and highest formed horses that have appeared in England were bred 
from the union of two distinct stocks, the Herod and Eclipse. Tho 
former stock was invariably remarkable for stoutness and lasting- 
Hcss, the latter for speed and by the union of these opposite 



MUS ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

niialitios 'wliereby a remote cross was taken up,) a stock was ob- 
l.ained in which was blended a sufficiency of tlie requisite quali- 
lies of bot!) to make first rate running horses. Tliere was another 
distinct stock in England, which crossed well upon the Herod 
and Eclipse branches ; I allude to the Matchem or Godolphin 
Arabian Stock; and it may here be remarked, that there has not 
been in England a first rate running horse on the turf for the last 
70 years, without more or less blood of this valuable horse. How- 
ever necessary a remote cross may be considered, yet exceptions 
have arisen to it as a rule, as some of the most distinguished horses 
in England were bred considerably in and in — Flying Childers for 
instance, considered the fleetest horse in the world. Old Fox, also 
a celebrated racer and valuable stallion, had an fiflinity of blood in 
his pedigree, as well as other high formed racers and stallions. But 
lliese exceptions arose in Great Britain in her early days of breed- 
ing, when tiiat country was enriched by the importation of par- 
ticular Barb, Turk, and Aral>ian horses that had peculiar and ex- 
traordinary properties as stock getters, as their immediate descen- 
dants constituted the best racers of those days, and demonstrated 
that the character of the English race horse had attained its utmost 
perfection at that early date. 

At a later period, but little success had attended the efforts of 
those who have bred in and in. The Earl of Egremont has occa- 
sionally tried it, as well as Lord Derby (the owner of Sir Peter 
Teazle,) but with little encouragement. Still the British writers 
are diviiied on the subject : Morland, in his treatise on the gene- 
alogy of the English blood horse, expressly says, that incestuous 
crosses should be avoided, viz : putting horses and mares together 
of the same class ; while on the other hand Lawrence, in his 
splendid work on the " History and delineation of the Race Horse," 
makes the following remark of an opposite tendency : " An adhe. 
rence to the practice (of remote crossing) cannot be held mdispen- 
sably necessary on any sound theory ; nor need any disadvantage 
be apprehended from coupling horses and mares of the same breed 
or family, even the nearest relative, upon the principles above and 
hereafter laid down. I have often heard of, and indeed seen, mis- 
erable legged and spindled stock resulting from such a course, but 
other very visible causes existed for the result. 

" According to the adage, " like produces like," we ought to 
follow form and qualification ; and if a brother and sister, or father 
and daughter excel in those roRpects all others within our reach, 
we ought to enjoin them with good expectations, for aught I know 
to tiie end of the chapter : and the prejudiced fear of adopting this 
practice, has often led our breeders into the error of adopting an 
inferior form from the presumed necessit}' of a cross." The present 
remarks are peculiarly applicable to the breeders of the race horse 
in Virginia, for they are at this very time making the experiment 
of breeding " in and in," or from the same family of horses, as it is 
well known that all tlic turf horses now and for the last ten years 
past, produced in that state, are of the " Sir Archy stock." It were 
to be wished that there was a greater variety of the race blood m 
tUat state to give breeders a wider field for selection; a descendant 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 290 

of I\Ic(llcy or Citizen would cross well upon tlie present numerous 
stock of Sir Arcliy, and it would perhaps iiave jjeen a fortunate cir. 
ininistance, could the celeliratcd horso I'ocolet, (who was bred ana 
rais;^! in Virginia,) have heen retained in that state. 

The subject of breeding is the next which claims our attention. 

The business of breeding is divided into the systcuiatic and 
chance medley; the formation of regular studs and observing some 
fixed principles, characterize the former; while the latter is a kind 
of random atl'air, common to the whole country where foals are 
raised for a man's pleasure or convenience, for wliich no extra pre- 
parations are made, or much rotlection bestowed, further than to 
make use of any mare lliat may cliance to be in possession, and of 
any horse which the vicitiity aii'ords or custom may present. 

In tiie formation of studs, tlie object generally had in view is 
bret'ding for the turf, and one of the lirst jirinciples is to breed from 
no stallions unless they be thorough bred; in plain terms, both 
their sires and dams must be of the purest of the Turkish, Barb or 
Arabian coursers exclusively, and this must be tested in an authentic 
pedigree, throughout whatever number of descents or crosses.* 
Tlie brood mare should be equally pure or thorough bred, and par- 
ticular attention should be paid to her form, as one of the prime 
causes of failure of most breeders is confining their attention solely 
to the horse, without paying sufficient attention to the form of the 
marc, and permitting fashionable blood and the supposed necessity 
of a cross to have too decided a preference to correctness of shape. 
To constitute a thorough bred animal, and to assure the attainment 
of every desired quality or perfection, both tlie male and female 
ought to possess it. Experience has proven tlie correctness of the 
principle that " like produces like ;" acting upon this principle, we 
have the best assurances to expect success from a junction of the 
best shapes or the greater number of good points we can combine, 
both in the horse and the mare, from such junction the average 
will be favourable, true form will result from the union of true form 
in both sire and dam ; and thfe next general result will be, that every 
horse sufficiently well formed, and furnished in the materia] points, 
will excel either in speed or continuance, or will possess an advan- 
tageous mixture of both. 

Blood is blood, but form is superiority. 

In rearing of turf horses, the following principles arc recom- 
mended by the most successful breeders : the land to be dry and 
sound, the harder the better, provided it be fertile : irregularity of 
surface a recommendation. Fresh springs or streams, shade and 
shelter, and extensive range. Sufficient number of inclosures, 
both for each species, which it is necessary to keep apart, and to 
prevent too great a number of any being crowded together. Houses 



*Tliere is a practice in Virginia and Nortli Carolina, in giving tiie pedi 
{;ree of a slallioij, to name unK' one or two crost-es, particnlarly on the dani'» 
side, and then pronounce liim "the finest bred horse in the world." Who 
can nroiionnce on a horse's good or bail blood unless we krow the whole 
of it ? He may trace to the common dray breed of the country for anglsi 
we know. 



JiOO AJJMALS OP THE TURF. 

or sheds in tlio inclosiircs ; soft and sweet lierbage for tl^e colts and 
milk marcs ; and finally a very liberal allowance of land in proper- 
lion to the stock, that there may be not only ample grazing in the 
grass season, but an equally ample quantity of provisions of the 
requisite kind during the winter. 

A firm, dry, and hard soil, will have a corresponding effect upon 
the feet, limbs, and tendinous system of horses bred upon it ; as 
will a dry, clear and elastic air upon their wind, animal spirits and 
general habit. Such are the advantages enjoyed by the horses of 
tlie mountain and the desert ; but these advantages are greatly en- 
lianccd in a country where abundant herbage and moderate tem. 
perature are superadded. 

All breeders concur in the propriety of keeping colts well the 
first and second winters ; for colts from the best shaped parents will 
degenerate upon insufficient nourishment, and be stinted from the 
palsying effects of damp and cold in tiic winter, if a comfortable and 
general shelter is not allowed them. Good keeping and warmth, 
during the first and second years, is indispensable, in order to invi- 
gorate the circulation of the animal's blood, to expand his frame, to 
plump up and enlarge his muscles, to encourage the growth of his 
bones, and to impart to thein that soliditj' and strength which pre- 
serves them in the right line of symmetry. 

It must be interesting to the amateur, the sportsman, and the 
breeder, to give a correct, though concise account of the most dis. 
tinguished turf stock of blood horses, which existed in Virginia 
between the years 1750 and 1790, a period more remarkable for fine 
horses, than perhaps any other, either prior or subsequent to that 
lime. 

It was during this period that " races were established almost 
at every town and considerable place in Virginia : wlien the inhabi- 
tants, almost to a man, were devoted to this fascinating and rational 
amusement : when all ranks and denominations were fond of horses, 
especially those of the race breed ; when gentlemen of fortune ex- 
pended large sums on their stud, sparing no pains or trouble in 
importing the best stock, and improving the breed by judicious cross, 
ing." The effects of the revolutionary war put a stop to the spirit 
of racing until about the year 1790, when it began to revive, and 
under the most promising auspices as regarded the breed of turf 
horses, for just at that time or a little previous, the capital stallion 
Old Medley was imported, who contributed his full share to the 
reputation of the racing stock, whose value had been before so w^ell 
established. Previous to the year 1800, but little degeneracy had 
taken place either in the purity of the blood, the form or perform- 
ances of the Virginia race horse ; and in searching for the causes 
of a change for the worse, after this period, the most prominent one 
was the injudicious importation of inferior stallions from England. 
About the period of time last mentioned. Colonel Hoomes and many 
others, availing themselves of the passion for racing, inundated 
S'irginia with imported stallions, bought up frequently at low pricea 
in England, having little reputation there, and of less approved 
blood, thereby greatly contaminating the tried and approved stocks 
which had long and eminently distinguished themselves for thei» 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 301 

feats on the turf, their services under the saddle, and as valuable 
cavalry horses during the revolutionary war. In recommending 
renewed efforts to the Virginians, for the further improvement and 
preservation of their stock of blood horses, the necessity and im- 
portance of the immediate publication of a Stud Book (and of a 
Racing Calendar hereafter) cannot be overlooked. 

It is the wish of the writer, that the tendency of this, and the foU 
lowing pages, may excite a spirit and a desire for such a work, by 
sliowing that there are valuable materials extant, only requiring 
diligence and zeal to bring them to light, capable of being made up 
into a valuable publication on this subject. Tlie want of such a 
work as a Stud Book, is now lamentably seen and felt in Virginia, 
wJiere few pedigrees of any particular stock can be traced far back, 
before they are lost in the mazes of uncertainty and conjecture. It 
may safely be asserted that the stock of horses in Virginia never 
can arrive to that degree of improvement and perfection, and mora 
particularly high value as to price, they otherwise would do, unless 
a record of this kind is publisiied and preserved, to be resorted to 
for a correct knowledge of their blood. In breeding for the turf 
and selling turf horses, blood is every thing; as it has been found 
that particular strains or pedigrees of horses of this class, are re. 
markable for their speed and bottom, while otliers are miserably 
defective in these essential qualities of the race horse. A Stud 
B )ok and Racing Calendar will be a standing record, always ena. 
bling us to avoid the bad, and to cherish those particular strains oi 
horses, that have established their good qualities for the turf. How 
has Virginia been injured in her racing stock by some particular 
stallions, bred in that state ? Potomac, for instance, who, although 
they raced it well, yet being badly bred, propagated an inferior race 
of horses. 

Let me therefore, emphatically remind the breeder of the race 
horse to use great particularity and caution as to the stallions from 
which he breeds ; examine well into their pedigrees, and to tlu 
qualities of tlie stock from wbicli they are descended; as an exne. 
rience of more than a century in England has proven the fact, that 
wliere a stallion has been stained with an inferior or " dunghill' 
cross, however remote in his pedigree, it is certain to lurk out and 
exhibit itself in his progeny, no matter how well he may have raced 
it himself. 

We should breed back as nuich as possil)le upon the good old 
stocks of Jolly Roger, Janus, Morion's Traveller, Fearnought, and 
Medley, of which I propose to give a particular accoiuit in the sue. 
ceeding pages. It has been well for us that the nnportation of 
stallions from England has long since ceased, and I hope never to 
see it revived again. The sod of tlio Beacon course (four miles and 
upwards) is now too little trod by the English race horse : short 
races with light weights are now too common; the consequences 
arc, that their stock of blood horses are rapidly losing that stamina 
and inherent goodness of constitution or stoutness, which enabled 
them in former days to carry high weiglits, and to support frequent 
and hard running. Fifteen or twenty years ago, the Virginians 
bred altogether from imported English stallions, and at that 'ima 



302 ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

also, there were more sportsmen on the turf; yet we have at this 
day better race horses, under less patronage^ from American bred 
stallions, than at that day. Does not this prove that by adhering 
to our own stock, and breeding from large highly formed, full 
blooded stallions, that our turf horses will soon equal or exceed any 
in the world ? and as our race stock is considered stronger and more 
active, it will be found advisable to breed them for the saddle, plough 
or wagon. 

Jolly Roger, was the first horse that gave distinction to the racing 
Etock of Virghiia. His performances on the English turf, and that 
of Ids pedigree, are recorded in the name of " Roger of the Vale." 
After he was imported into this country he took the name by which 
he is now known ; he was foaled in 1741, and commenced covering 
in Virginia about the year 1748. He was got by Roundhead, who 
was by Flying Childers, who was by the Darley Arabian. The dam 
of Roundhead was the famous " plate" mare Roxana \>y the Bald 
Galloway, tlie dam of the celebrated racers and stallions Lath and 
Cade by the Godolphin Arabian. The dam of Jolly Roger was got 
by Mr. Croft's famous horse Partner, the best racer and stallion of 
his day, his grandam by Woodcock — Croft's Bay Barb; Makeless ; 
Brimmer ; Son of Dodsworth ; Burton Barb mare. 

Jolly Roger got many fine racers, stallions and brood mares, 
and is a favourite cross in the pedigree of the Virginia bred turf 
horse, and very justly too. 

Jolly Roger got Spanking Roger, out of the imported mare Jen. 
ny Dismal, and Longsdale out of an imported Monkey mare. 

Janus was a chesnut horse, foaled in England in 1746, and got 
by Janus, a bay horse foaled in 1738, full brother to Blank and 
Old England, being got by the Godolphin Arabian out of the fa- 
mous ' Little Hartley mare' by Bartlett's Childers, son of the Dar- 
ley Arabian. 

Janus was imported into Virginia by Mr. Mo.rdecai Booth, of 
Gloucester county, Va. in the year 1752 ; his dam was got by old 
I'ox, Twhose name stood eminent in the English pedigree,] his 
grandam by the Bald Galloway. 

Although Janus partook of every cross in his pedigree calcula- 
ted for tlie distance turf horse, yet his stock were more remarka. 
llle i'or speed than bottom. Janus, from his shoulders back, was 
considered the most perfect formed Jiorse ever seen in Virginia, 
by the most skilful connoisseurs ; he was remarkable for roundness 
of contour, strength of articulation, and indicating great powers 
and stamina in his whole conformation. 

His stock partook of these qualities in an eminent degree, and 
for thirty or forty years they were considered as a ' peculiar stock,' 
us they invariably exhibited even in the third and fourth genera, 
lions from the old horse, the same compactness of form, strength 
and power. The Janus stock have exceeded all others m the Uni- 
ted States for speed, durability and general uniformity of good 
form ; and more good saddle and harness horses have sprung from 
them than from any other stock. 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 303 

Celer was justly considered as the best son of old Janus, as he 
propagated a stock equal in every quality to those of the stock 
begotten by his sire. He was bred by Mr. Mead of Virginia, and 
foaled in 1774, and died in 1802, aged 28 years. 

As the pedigree on liis dam's side is not generally known, I wiH 
here give it. The dam of Celer was got by the imported horse 
Aristotle, a brown bay, finely formed, full 15 hands high, bred by 
Mr. Bladen and got by the Cullen Arabian, his dam by Crab, his 
grandam by Hobgoblin, great grandam by the Godolphin Arabian, 
out of a famous mare called White Cheeks. 

Morton's imported horse Traveller contributed in an eminent 
degree to the improvement of the turf stock of horses in Virginia 
He was a bay liorse, foaled about the year 1748, and was a cover- 
ing stallion at Richmond court house, Va. as early as the year 1754 
He was bred by Mr. Crofts, at Raby in Yorkshire (who was the for 
tunate breeder and owner of some of the first horses in England) 
and was got by his famous horse Partner, who was a grandson of 
the Byerly Turk, and was himself the grandsire of King Herod. 
The dam of Traveller was by Bloody Buttocks (an Arabian) Grey- 
hound ; Makeless ; Brimmer ; Place's White Turk ; Dodsworth ; 
Layton Barb mare. Morton's Traveller was bred from the bes« 
running stock in England in that day : the famous Wetherington 
mare was full sister to Traveller ; she bred Shepherd's Crab and 
other capital racers. 

Morton's Traveller got Tryall and Yoi'ick out of Blazella, im- 
ported, and Burwell's Traveller out of a Janus and Lycurgus ; al- 
so Lloyd's Traveller out of a Jenny Cameron, and Tristam Shandy 
out of a Janus, Ariel full brother to Partner, and Partner out of 
colonel Tasker's imported mare Selima. 

Partner was the best son of Morton's Traveller, proving to be 
not only a fine race horse, but a valuable stallion. He was foaled 
about the year 1755. Partner got Rockingham out of Nelson's im. 
ported mare Blossom, and Fitz Partner out of the dam of Celer and 
the celebrated horse Mark Anthony. 

Mark Anthony's dam was by Othello, (a son of Mr. Parton's capi 
tal English horse Crab) his grandam the imported mare Moll Bra- 
zons : she was sired by Spark, who was imported to this country 
by Governor Ogle, of Maryland, and was given to him by Lord 
Baltimore, who received him from Frederick, Prince of Wales. 

Mark Anthony was foaled about the year 17G3, and did not ex- 
ceed fifteen hands in height, and was a horse of beauty and intrin. 
sic value, whether viewed as a racer or stallion. In the former 
character he was not excelled by any horse of his da.y, being 
" remarkable for his swiftness," having at the same time good wind, 
enabling him to run four miles heats in good form. In the latter 
character he stood deservedly celebrated, and propagated a stock 
which were held in the highest estimation for their various valii 
able qualities, whether for the turf, the saddle or the harness, — 
Mark Anthony got Collector out of a Centinel, and Monarch out 
of a thorough bred mare, and Romulus out of a Valiant. 
27 



304 ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

Yorick got Pilgum out of a little Davie, and Bucephalus out of 
a Careless, and Junius out of an Othello. 

BiirwelVs Traveller got Southall's Traveller out of an imported 
mare, and Camillus out of a Fearnought mare. 

Lloyd's Traveller got Leonidas out of a Morton's Traveller mare. 
Junius got Spangloss out of a Jolly Roger mare. 

Fearnought holds the first claim prior to the day of Medley, and 
is therefore entitled to the palm in preference to any stallion that 
had preceded him in giving the Virginia turf stock a standing equal 
to that of any running stock in the world. The blood which flow- 
ed in the veins of old Fearnought must have been peculiarly rich 
in those qualities that make up the conformation of the race horse, 
as not only the whole stock got by Fearnought run well, but also 
his sons and his grandsons were remarkable for generally getting 
good running stock. There was also strength and stamina univer- 
sally pervading tiie Fearnought stock, to which may be added good 
size, that made them the best distance horses of their day. The 
fact is that the Fearnoughts run well all distances, and the old 
horse stood higlier than any other horse on the continent for get- 
ting racers ; and he got more of them than any other — he also was 
the sire of more fine stallions than any other horse of his day. 

Old Fearnought was bred by William Warren of England, and 
foaled in the year 1755. He came out of Mr. Warren's fine brood 
mare ' Silvertail,' and was got by Regulus the best son of the Go- 
dolphin Arabian. Regulus, when six years old, won eight King's 
plates. He never was beat, being very superior to any horse of 
his day. 

Silvertail the dam of Fearnought, was foaled in 1738, and got 
by Heneage's Whitenose ; her dam by Rattle — Barley's Arabian — 
the old Child mare, got by Sir Thomas Gresley's bay Arabian out 
of Mr. Cook's Vixen, who was got by the Helmsly Turk, out of a 
Royal Barb mare. 

Fearnought was imported into this country by Col. Jn. Baylor, 
who advertised him in the year 1765, as " a bright bay, 15 hands 
3 inches high, remarkably strong and active, and the full brother 
to the late Mr. Warren's invincible horse Careless." Old Fear- 
nought died in the fall of 1776, at the age of 21 years. 

Among other capital stallions and racers, he got the following, 
viz : — 

Nonpareil, out of a Janus mare. 

Nimrod, out of a Partner. 

America, out of a Jolly Roger. 

Regulus out of the imported mare Jenny Dismal. 

Godolphin, full brother to Regulus. 

Shakspeare, out of an imported Cub mare. 

Gallant, out of a Stateley mare. 

Shakspeare, out of an imported Shakspeare mare. 

Apollo, out of an imported Cullin Arabian mare. 

Harris's Eclipse, out of Baylor's imported Shakspeare man 

Laurel, out of a Fearnought. ' 

Matchless, out of Sober John. 

King Herod, out of an Othello. 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 305 

Whynot, out of an Othello. 

Dandridgc's Fearnought, out of 

Symmes' VVildair, out of a Jolly Roger, who p^-oved to ho tlio 
best son of old Fearnought. 
VVildair got — 

Commutation, out of a Yorick marc. 

Highflyer, out of a Yoriok mare. 

Chanticleer, out of a Pantaloon mare. 
Chanticleer, the best son of Wildair, got — 

Magog, out of a Wildair. 

Prestley, [full sister to Magog,] the dam of Wilkes' Madison 

Cornelia, the dam of Mr. Randolph's Gracchus. 

Tlie stock of old Medley may justly be ranked as among the most 
remarkable and valuable that have ever signalized themselves on a 
Virginia race course. This stock of horses lacked nothing but 
size to have made the best racers in the world ; and yet their want 
of size was not manifested on the turf: as their ability to carry 
weight exceeded that of any other stock ; they were also remarka- 
ble for good wind or bottom, for fine limbs and good eyes, than 
other race of horses that have been bred in Virginia. These quali- 
ties resulted in this stock [and were more peculiar to them than to 
any other,] from the close proximity of the points of the hips to the 
shoulder, from the uncommon solidity of their bones, the close tex- 
ture of their sinews, and the bulk and substance of their tendons, 
which always enabled them to carry the highest weights, and to 
endure the greatest stress on tlieir bodily powers. To these quali- 
ties may be added their uncommon purity of blood, derived from 
their sire old Medley, who was one of tlie purest blooded liorses 
ever bred in England. 

Gimcrack the sire of Medley, was one of the most remarkable 
horses of his day in England. He was a grey, and called the " lit- 
tie grey horse Gimcrack," foaled in 17GU, got by Cripple, a son 
of the Godolphin Arabian. Gimcrack was one of tlie severest 
running and hardest bottomed horses that ever ran in England ; 
although small, yet his ability to carry weight was very great, for 
he frequently gave the odds as high as 28 pounds, and he con- 
tinued on the turf until 11 years of age, thereby showing his un- 
common hardiness of constitution and firmness of limbs which he 
richly transmitted into the veins of Medley. Gimcrack at four 
years old won seven 50?. plates, 4 miles ; also in 1765, at 4 miles, 
50/; also 1000 guineas, 250 guineas forfeit. He beat the Duke of 
Cumberland's Drone, 4 miles for 500 guineas, giving him 21 lbs. 
In 17G6 he was sent to France, and in 1767 returned to England, 
and won in that year, four SOL plates, 5 miles. In 1768, two 50/. 
plates and the silver bowl. He beat Mr. Vernon's Barber for 300 
guineas giving him 28 lbs. in 1770. He beat Lord Rockingham's 
Tacho for 3000 guineas, giving him 28 lbs ; also Lord Rockingham's 
Pilgrim for the whip and 200 guineas, the whip equal to the guu 
neas. Gimcrack was then 10 years of age. Earl Grosvenor had 
two portraits taken of Gimcrack. That of Gimcrack preparing to 
start w reckoned excellent of its kind. The two portraits, it is 
gfiM* iDresent thif horse in different shades of grey ; the iron 



306 ANNALS OF THE TURF. 

grey of liis youth, and the hoary white of his old age. Gimcrack 
had acquired such fame and celebrity that his last proprietor lefl 
hun a length of time at Tattersal's for the inspection of the 
public. 

TJie dam of Medley was Arminda, by Snap, (full sister to Papil. 
Ion, the dam of Sir Peter Teazle, the best in England.) Medley 
acquired his beautiful symmetry and proportions from Snap, who 
was a horse of great beauty and justness of proportion, strong, 
vigorous, and muscular, and was upon an equality as a racer, if not 
superior to any horse of his time. Medley was imported to this 
country by Malcomb Hart, in the year 1785. Among many other 
distinguished racers and stallions, Medley got the following, viz : 

Boxer, out of a Fearnought mare. 

Opernico, out of a Lindsey Arabian mare. 

Quicksilver, out of a VVildair. 

Young Medley, out of a Blue and all Black. 

Melzar, out of a Wildair. 

Lamplighter, out of a Ijongsdale. 

Fitz-Medley, out of a Dandridge Fearnought mare. 

Gimcrack, out of an Ariel. 

Bellair, out of a Yorick. 

Bellnir may justly be distinguished as the best son of old Medley, 
not only as being upon an equality as a racer, but as having got more 
tine stallions, racers, and brood mares, and as being decidedly the 
best bred son of his distinguished sire. Bellair partook of the best 
blood that has been highly valued in Virginia, viz: of Morton's 
Traveller through Yorick, Fearnought, Partner, Mark Anthony, &,c. 
Colonel Tasker's famous running mare Selima, that was tlie dam of 
Partner, was the great grandaui of Bellair ; and I will here take 
occasion to correct an error in the pedigree of this celebrated mare, 
as it has prevailed for more than thirty years in all the published 
pedigrees which I have seen of Bellair. Col. Tasker's Selima, is 
represented to have come out of a mare called Snap Dragon, by 
Snap ; this is a manifest error : the Godolphin Arabian, who sired 
Selima, died in 1753; Snap was foaled in 1750 and did not com. 
mence covering until 6 years old, hence the first Snap mares were 
not foaled till 1757, 4 years after the Godolpliin was dead. Col. 
Tasker's Selima was bred by Lord Godolphin, and came out of a 
mare by Old Fox, that was the dam of Daphne, and also of the 
celebrated running horse Weasel, that was the property of Lord 
Rockingham ; the grandam of Selima by Flying Childers, — Make- 
less — Tatlblet Barb — Natural Barb mare. 

I would urge upon the breeders of the Virginia Turf Horse to 
take in, in their different crosses, as much of the blood of old Med. 
Icy and Bellair as possible, to give their stock firm limbs, very much 
needed at this time, as the Virginia race horses of the present day 
train off the turf too early. 

The following letter appropriate to the prfsent subject, is from 
tliat eminent breeder and sportsman Col. John Tayloe, formerly of 
Mount Airy, Virginia, now of Washington City. 

" In reply to your favour, I shall be happy if any information I 
um able to give you in regard to old Medley, and such of hi» stock 



ANNALS OP THE TURF. 307 

as I nave owned, can be of service to you. Old Medley was im- 
ported to this country about the year 1785, was owned by Mr. Mai- 
comb Ftirt, and stood at Hanover Court House. He was one of 
the most beautiful horses I ever saw. I cannot at tliis remote period 
pretend to describe him further than he was a grey horse of the 
finest proportions and not more than 14 1-2 to 15 liands liigli. I 
have always esteemed him one of the best horses ever imported into 
the United States, and concur with you in opinion that his stock 
is decidedly the best we have had. His colts were the best racers 
of their day, although they were generally small ; but their limbs 
were remarkably fine, and they were distinguished for their ability 
to carry weight. I owned some of the best of his colts. Bellair 
and Calypso I bred ; Grey Diomed and Quicksilver, I purchased 
from the profits which I realized from their successful performances 
on the turf. I have reason to iiold Medley in grateful remembrance. 

" As respects Bellair, he was strong built and rather stout, good 
eyes and remarkable fine bony legs : rather above fifteen hands. 
I do not think his bottom was surpassed by any horse on record ; 
if ever he locked his antagonist I felt confident of success. When 
he ran with Mr. Randolph's Gimcrack, he was in excessive bad 
order, after a long journey, in bad weather, from Maryland, — 
they ran tliree 4 mile heats, in each of which Bellair mended, and 
was not beat far. I refused 500 guineas for him immediately after 
the race. 

" I concur with you respecting the old Virginia stock, which 
should not be lost." 

Having given an account of Col. Tasker's imported mare Selima, 
it may not liere be improper to add that of Carter Braxton's im 
ported mare Kitty Fisher : as those two mares bred more fine stock 
in Virginia than any other imported mares brought to this country; 
it being well known to the sportsmen and breeders for the turf, 
that some of the highest formed racers and stallions bred in that 
State were descended from those two mares. 

Kitty Fisher was a gray mare foaled in 1755, and imported by 
Carter Braxton in the fall of 1759. She was bought by Mr. Brax. 
ton, at New Market, England, in the spring of 1759, being then 
the property of the Marquis of Granby, and stood at the time en 
gaged in a sweepstake for 3600Z. for three years old fillies ; but the 
Marquis being abroad with the British armies, he was allowed to 
withdraw himself from his racing engagements, and directed all his 
running stock to be sold. At the sale she was purchased as above 
and sent over to this country. She was got by Cade, (one of the 
finest sons of the Godolphin Arabian) her dam by the CuUen Ara 
bian, out of the famous mare Bald Charlotte. (Bald Charlotte was 
a high bred mare, of the finest form and winner of King's plates.) 

Kitty Fisher was trained in this country and run, and won easily 
several matches. 

It is peculiarly pleasing to recur to those periods in Virginia, 

when the blooded horse held such a high place in the estimation 

of the people; when men the most distinguished for their wealth, 

their talents or patriotism, were seen vying with each othei wn? 

27* 



308 ANNALS OF THE TtIRP 

sho'ild import the finest blood horses or mares from England, oi 
raise them from those already imported. It was the object of the 
writer, in tlie preceding pages, to call up those periods to review, 
and give an account of the most valuable stallions and mares, from 
wliich the Virginia stock were bred during those times, hoping it 
will serve to animate the breeders of the present day, and stimulate 
them to emulate their ancestors in their zeal and success in rearing 
the blood horse. 

Justice, a chesnut horse, fifteen hands high, was bred by Wm. 
Manby, of Gloucestershire, England, and got by Regulus out of the 
Bolton Sweepstakes. Justice covered in Prince George county, 
Virginia, in 1761. 

Othello, a beautiful black, fifteen hands high, very strong was 
got by Mr. Panton's Crab, in England, out of the Duke of Somer- 
set's favorite brood mare. Othello covered in Virginia, on James' 
River, in 17G1, and was a most capital stallion. He got Selim and 
the dam of Mark Anthony. 

Crawford, a fine dapple grey, 15 hands high, was bred by his 
royal highness the Duke of Cumberland, and got by his Arabian. 
Covered in Virginia in 1762. 

Juniper, a fine bay, 15 hands one inch high, foaled in 1752, was 
got by Babraham, one of the best sons of tlie Godolphin Arabian. 
The dam of Juniper by the Stamford Turk, &c. Juniper covered 
in Charles Cit}'', Va. in 1762, and was an excellent stallion. He is 
a remote cross in the Virginia pedigree. 

Ranter, a beautiful bay, 15 hands high, foaled in 1755, imported 
into Virginia in 1762, by Wm. S. Wadman. He was got by Dimple, 
a son of the Godolpiiin Arabian ; the dam of Ranter by old Crab, 
Bloody Buttocks, &lc. Ranter stood in Stafford County, Va. in 
1753, and is an old cross in our pedigrees. 

Aristotle, brown bay, 15 hands high, got by the Cullen Arabian, 
his dam by old Crab, &c. Aristotle was one of the finest and 
highest formed horses imported into Virginia in his day ; he pro. 
pagated a most valuable stock for the time he lived, having died 
shortly after coming into Virginia. He stood at Berkely, Charles 
City county, in 1764. 

Bucephalus, brown bay, 15 1-2 hands high, foaled in 1758, was 
got by Sir Matthew Wetherton's horse Locust, his dam by Old 
Cade, Partner, &c. Bucephalus was a very strong horse, and stood 
at Tuppahannock, Va. in 1765. 

David, a bay horse, 15 hands high, well made, very active, and 
desc(mded from the best stock in England Stood in Virginia 
m 1765. 

Dotterell, a high formed horse, 15 1-2 hands high, a powerful 
strong boned horse, was got by Changeling, his dam by a son of 
Winn's Arabian, &.c. Changeling was one of the finest horses in 
England of his day Dotterell stood in Westmoreland county, Va. 
in 1766. 

Merry Tom, a. beautiful bay, 4 feet 11 inches high, he was got 
by Regulus, (jne of the best sons of the Godolphin Arabian,) his 
dam by Locust, a son of Crab, his grandam by a son of Flying 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 309 

Chiklers, &c. In 1762, he won 200 guineas sweepstakes at R.cli- 
mond ; in 1753, lie won 50/. at Durliatn, and the noblemen and 
gentlemen's suljscription at Cupar, in Scotland. Merry Tom stood 
in Piince George county, in 1767; he was the sire of the noted 
horse Smiling Tom. 

Sterling, a fine dapple grey, foaled in 1762, was got by the Bell, 
size Arabian, (which Mr. J. Simpson offered 1500 guineas for,) out 
of Mr. Simpson's Snake mare; she was got by Snake, a son of the 
Lister Turk, out of the Duke of Cumberland's famous mare, the dam 
of Cato. Sterling traces down to the famous old mare bred by Mr. 
Crofts at Raby, in Yorkshire, and sold to the Duke of Cleveland. 
Sterling was a very fine horse, and became famous as a valuable 
foal getter. He was owned by Win. Evans, and stood in Surry 
county, Va. in 1768. He did not exceed 15 1-2 hands in height. 

Lnlfi, a bay horse, 15 hands one inch high, strong and bony, was 
got by Shepherd's Crab, his dam by Lath, a son of the Godolphin 
Arabian, &c. Lath was landed in this country in 1768, and won 
that year the 50/. weight for ag<i plate, at New Market, on long 
Island. In 1769 he won the jockey Club purse of 100/ at Phila- 
delphia, beating the then best running horses in that State and 
from Maryland. In 1770, he also won the 100/. plate at the same 
place. In 1771, he won the 100/. plate at New Market, and never 
Was heat but once, when he ran out of condition. Lath was de- 
scended from the most valuable blood in England, and contributed 
m an eminent degree to the improvement of the stock of horses of 
his day. 

Whirligig, was a dark bay 15 hands high, and was imported from 
England in the year 1773. He was got by Lord Portmore's bay 
horse Captain, (a son of young Cartouch,) his dam by the Devon- 
shire Blacklegs, son of Flying Cbilders, &lc. In April 1769, when 
this fine horse was rising six years old, his owner received forfeit 
of 1000 guineas from Rapid ; the same year he beat Volunteer, for 
200 guineas. In October 1770, he beat Warwickshire Wag for 
100 guineas; and the same year he beat Atrides for 100 guineas, 
&c. Whirligig stood to mares in Halifax county, N. C. in the 
year 1777. 

Sclim. This beautiful and valuable stallion was a dark bay, a 
little rising 15 hands high, was got by Othello, (commonly called 
Black and all Black,) whose sire was old Crab, The dam of Selim 
was a beautiful mare of that name, got by the Godolphin Arabian, 
and full sister to the celebrated horse Babraham of England. Se. 
lim was a tried and approved racer, and a stallion of deserved 
celebrity. He stood in Virginia fram the year 1770 to 1780, and 
propagated a valuable race of horses. 

A retrospect of the older stallions of Virginia, evinces the im. 
portant fact that they did not exceed from 15 to 15 1-2 jiands in 
height; and yet Virginia in those days had a stock of horses equal 
to any in the world. They were remarkable for substance or fine 
stamina. This stock of horses was the immediate descendants of 
the best Arabian, Barb, or Turkish Mood which haJ been earl> 



310 ANNALS OF THE TURP. 

imported into England from Oriental countries, and has exhibited 
a degeneracy as to suhstauce or stamina, in proportion as it lias 
been removed from this elder foreign blood. 

The above stallions were the descendants of Oriental stock, as 
well as Janus and Feariiouglit, [wlio were the grandsons of the 
Godolphin Arabian.] During the days of those horses and their 
otlspring, Virginia was famed for her fine saddle horses, and their 
weights on the ;urf was 144 lbs. for aged horses : now it is pro- 
verbial that the blood horse of Virginia rarely produces a fine sad- 
dle horse, nor have they a single turf horse capaljle of running four 
miles in good time with their former weight. All their good races 
are now made by young horses carrying light weigjit, say from 90 
to 103 lbs. 

The same retrospect of the English stock discloses the same 
facts : Lawrence remarks, that a " retrospect seems to evince great 
superiority in the foreign horses of former times, many of the best 
English racers in these days, being the immediate descendants, on 
both sides, of Arabs, Barbs, or Turks, or their sires and dams. That 
union of substance and action, which was to be met with in for 
mer days, has been of late years still more scarce." 

As evidence of the correctness of Lawrence's opinion, it may 
bo adduced that the established weights on the English turf, in 
former days: were increased to 168 lbs. and it was during this pe- 
riod that their horses continued to improve botli in substance and 
speed, and notwithstanding the great weigJit of 168 lbs. they had 
to carry, they ran four miles from 7 minutes 30 seconds to 7 min 
utes 50 seconds. From the days of Eclipse, the weights were gra- 
dually reduced, and have been brought down to 119 lbs. and on no 
track exeeediug 133 lbs. Yet there is not a racer now in England 
able to run his distance in as good time as they were in former 
days with their high weights. 

Tlie present rage for breeding horses to a great height should 
not be so much attended to as obtaining the requisite substance, 
and from the above list we see tliat from 15 to 15 1-2 hands in 
height, has combined with it that necessary union of substance 
and action which enabled the horses in former times to run in 
such fine form and carry such high weights. The most obvious 
way to insure this desirable substance or stamina in our stock, is 
to increase the vi'eights of the turf to the old standard, and not to 
permit colts to start in public vintil four years old. The great su- 
periority of the elder English race horses is iu part to be attribu- 
ted to tlie favorable circiuustance of their not liaving started in 
public until five or six years old. Tliis delay has the obvious fa- 
vorable effect of enabling the bulk and substance of their limbs and 
inferior joints to become strong in proportion to their weight, and 
their whole tendinous system consolidated and firm. Flying Chil 
dors. Bay Bolton, Brocklcsby, Betty, Bonny Black, Buckhunter, 
Die famous Carlisle gelding, PJclipse, and a great number of others, 
dii not race in public until five v.nd six years old ; and they were 
jacers of the highest eminence for performance and heavy weight, 
of any on record in the English annals of the turf 



ANNALS OF THE TURF. 311 

The first step towards an American Stud B«ok or collecting' an 
account of our blood horses, is to ascertain the number of stal- 
lions imported from England, with their pedigrees annexed, be. 
cause it is to the importation of horses and mares from that king, 
dom, tliat we are indebted not only for tlie foundation of our stock 
of Turf Horses, but for their present value. There is not a pedigree 
of a single blood horse or mare in this country, but what goes in 
every cross directly or remotely back to English stock. 




STUD BOOK. 



;f' 




AMERICAN STUD BOOR. 

A. 

ABELINO, g. c. by Dragon, dam Celerrinia. 

1804. John Hoomes. 

ACQUITTAL, by Timoleon, dam (dam of Bolivar) by Sir Hal, &.c. 

William Wynne. 
ACTEON, ch. h. by Dandridge's Fearnought, dam [by imp''d] Feanioughi, 

a;r. dam by inip'd Jolly Roger, out of an imp'd mare, fee. 

Chesterfield, Va. 1712. Thos. Woolridge 
ch. c. by Kosciusko, dam Artless. 

1829. S. Caroli'na. Harrison 

ACTIVE, by Chatam, dam Shepherdess, [by imp\i] Slim. 
ADAMANT, b. h. by Boxer, dam by Lindsay's Arabian, g. dam by Oscar, 

out of Kitty Fisher. 

1799. Nicholas Wynne. 
ADELINE, b. f. Dy Henry, dam by Old Oscar, g. dam the Maid "of Nor- 
thumberland, &LC. New Jersey. J. Vandike. 
br. m. by Spread Eagle — Whistle Jacket — Rockingham — 

Old Cub, &.C. 

1806. John Tayloe. 
Young, by Topgallant, dam Adeline by Spread Eagle. 

1809. John Tayloe. 

ADELA, b. f. by Ratlei, dam young Adeline. 

Dr. Irvine. 
ADELAIDE, b. f by Thornton's Ratler, dam Desdemona by Miner E.* 

cape, &.C. 
ADRIA, b. f by Pacific, dam Oceana. 

1331. J. Southall. 

ADMIRAL NELSON, [imp'd] b. h. by John Bull, dam Olivia, by Justice 

— Cypher, ttc. 

Foaled 1795. William Lightfoot. 

AFRICAN, bl. h. by Careless, dam by Lloyd's Traveller, gr. dam by 

Othello. 

Flatbush. 1783. A.Giles. 

AONES, or the Thrift mare, by Bellair, dam by Wildair, gr. dam by 

Fearnought, &,c. William Thrift. 
b. m. by Sir Solomon, (by Tickle Toby,) her dam Young 

Romp, by Duroc, g. dam Romp, by fi>n/>'d] Messenger. 

1822. Gen Cole-i 

28 



316 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

AGRICOLA, bl. h. by Highflyer, dam by [imp^d] Dove, gr. dam Emery'* 

noted running mare. 

Chesterfield, Va. Reuben Short. 

AGRIPPA, g. h. by the Winter Arabian, dam by Harrison's Pretender, 

(who was by Hyde's [imp''d] Pretender,) g. dam by [imp^d) Dio- 

mede, &c. 

Kentucky. R. J^ Breckenridge. 

AJAX, (See Kill Devil.) 
ALFRED SIR, (See Sir Alfred.) 
ALARICUS, by Haskin's Americus, dam (Henderson's) Young Medley, g. 

dam, by Thornton's Wildair, &lc. 
ALEXANDER, [imp''d] was bred by Sir William Wynne, Bart, got by 

Lord Grosvenor's Old Alexander, (son of Eclipse) his dam Sweet- 

btier, g. dam out of Monimia's dam, who was by Alcides, her dam 

by Crab, out of Snap's dam, &.c. 

Virginia. Wm. Smalley. 
[Imp^d] got by Champion, dam Countess, &,c. 

Claverick, New- York, 1797. 

gr. c. by Old Pacolet, dam Jenny Riland. 

[by imp^d] Bedford, dam Imp'd mare Drone, &,c. 

Col. Piatt. 
ALEXANDRIA, sor. m. [byimp^d] Alexander, dam Black Maria by Shark. 

1811. J. Tayloe. 
[Jmp'd] was by Alexander, her dam by Woodpecker, g. dan; 

by Phlegon, out of Lord Egremonl's Highflyer mare, &,c. 

Foaled, 1796. John Hoomes. 

ALBEMARLE, by Diomede, dam Penelope, by Shark— Indian Queen by 

Pilgrim, &,c, 
ALDERMAN, [Imp^d] got by PotSos, dam Lady Bolingbrooke, by Squir 

rell, Cypron, the dam of king Herod, &c. 

John Banks. 
Mare, dk. b. by Alderman, dam by Clockfast, out of a Wil- 
dair mare. 

1799. J. Wickham. 

ALARM, [/w/j't/] br. m. by Thunderbolt, dam Tadora, &.C. 
ALABAMA PACOLET, (see Pacolet Alabama.) 
ALBERT, by Americus, dam by Wildair, (by Fearnought,) g. dam by 

Vampire, g. g. dam by [/»y)'«/] Kitty Fisher. 

1798. Robert Saunders. 

ALCIDES, b. c. by Galatin, dam Clio, [by Imp'd] Whip. 

Richard A. Rapley. 
ALFRETTA, ch. f by Christian's Hotspur, (by Timoleon,) dam Lady Al- 
fred, by old Sir Alfred. 

1831. Hugh Campbell. 

ALGERINA, b. f by Jones' Arabian dam Equa. 

P. Wallis. 
ALIDA, ch. f by Bagdad, dam Nancy Nichol, [by Imp'd] Eagle, her dain 

by Little Wonder, &c. W. W. 

\LIERKER, a. g. by Old Sir Hal, dam by Wonder, her g. dam by Bellair, 

g. g. dam by Medley, &c. Wm. D. I'aylor. 

\LICE, gr. f by Henry, dam Spirtmistress. 

Queens Cy. New-York, 1829. Thos. Pcarsall. 

\LICE GRAY, gr. f. by Brilliant, dam by Sir Archy. 

Foaled, 1829. Thomas Snowden, Jun. 

ALLAKROKA,b.m.byTelegraph,dam Crazy Jane by Sky Scraper. 

Lewis Berkley. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 31? 

ALL TRUMPS, s. m. by Sir Archy, dam [hy 7mp'(f'] Jack Andrews. 

Richard Addms. 

ALL WORTHY, b. c. by Aratiis, dam Miss Gatewood. 

ALKNOMAC, cii. c. by Kosciusko, dam by Buzzard, g. dam [6y Imp^d] 
Speculator, &.C. 
KenUicky. Ed. M. Blackburn. 

ALZIRA, by Archduke, dam by Bedford, g. dam by Pollyphemus, g. g. 
dam by Sloe out of Celesta. 

Wm. Gariiett. 

AMANDA, by Grey Diomede, dam Amanda by Bedford. 

Powhatan, Va. Wade Mosby. 

b. m. by Bedford, dam by Old Cade, g. dam by Col. Hick- 
man's Independence, (by Fearnought,) out of Dolly Fine, &,c. Pur- 
chased by J. Hoomes. J. Broaddus. 
-Duroc, b. m. by Duroc, dam by Sir Solomon, g. dam [/m/j'rf] 



Trumpetta. (fee. 1827. 

AMAZON, by Dictator, dam Statira by Percy, g. dam Homespun by Rom- 
ulus. 

1800. Wade Hampton. 

AMAZONIA, b. m. by Tecuniseli— Sir Harry— Celer, (fee. 

Nash. Cy. N. C. 1815. Nath. Ward. 

AMAGAZA, b. m. [by Imp''d'\ Chance, dam by Carolinian — Chanticleer - 

Flimnap — Fearnought — Old Janus, &,c. 
AMERICAN ECLIPSE, (or New- York,) s. h. by Duroc, dam Miller's 

Damsel, (by Messenger,) g. dam [Imp'd] Pot8os mare by Eclipse, 

&c. 

Dosiris, Long Island, N. Y. Foaled, 1814. C. W. Van Ranst. 
AMERICA or GIFT, ch. h. by Old Fearnought, dam by Jolly Roger, g. 

dam by Dabster. 

Bred by Ralph Wormley, 1775. Augustin Miller, 

cli. s. h. by Smiling Tom out of a Blooded mare. 

York Town, Va. 1777. 

b. m. by Sir Peter, dam Diana by Americus. 

AMERICUS, [by Imp\i] Shark, dam by Wildair, (by Fearnought,) g. dam 

by Vampire, out of Bra.xton's Kitty Fisher. 

King and Queen, Va. 1798. John Hoskins. 

[bi/ rmp\l] Fearnought, dam [Imp''d] Blossom. 

AMY ROBSART, ch. f. by Gracchus, dam Lady Bunbury. 

J. Randolph. 
ANASTATIA, b. m. by Tom Tough, dam by Hoskins' Americus, g. dam by 

Boxer, &,c. 
ANDREW JACKSON, b. h. by Virginian, dam by Sir Arthur, g. dam by 

Florizell. 
ANDROMACHE, by Old Cub, her dam by Sweeper, g. dam Clarissa, [by 

Imp''d] Ranger. 

Washington, 1808. Wm. Thornton. 

ANGEIJNA, b. f. [by Imp'd] Norris' Paymaster, dam Shrewsberry Nan by 

Rajazett. 

Cecil Cy. Maryland, 1795. Th. M. Forman. 

ANNA, b. f. by Truxton, dam Dido by Coeur de Lion. 

1810. 
ANNETTE, by Old Shark, dam by Rockingham, g. dam by Galatin. 

Lewis Willis 
ANTOINETTE, b. f by Marshal Ney dam Camilla by Timoieon. 

Raleigh, N. C. 1830. C. Manly 

ANVIL, [by Imp^dj Cormorant, dam by Bellair, gi. Jam an [Imp^d] maio 

Landon Carte< 



i]8 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

INVELINA, [Tmp'd] b. m. Presented by Mr. O'Kelly in 1799 to Col. J. 

Tayloe, she was by Anvil out of O'Keliy's famous inare Augusta by 

Eclipse. Sold Co!. Alston of S. Carolina. 
\P0LLO, dk. b. h. by Old Fearnought, dam Spolswood's [/ot/)V] CuHer 

Arabian mare. 

1777. Richard Elliott. 

\PPARITION, [Imp''d] h. c. by Spectre, dam young Craii.berry, (bred by 

Earl Grovesnor,) by Tiiunderbolt out of Cranberry, by Sir Peter, 

&c. [Irnp''d] into New-York. 
XRABIAN Lindsay's or Ranger, presented by the Emperor of Morocco tr 

the captain of an English vessel, and landed in the West Indies • 

there he broke three of his legs, and was made a present to a gentle. 

man from Connecticut, where he went l)y the name of Ranger. 

Captain Lindsay was sent by General Lee, in 1777-8, who purchased 

him and brought him to Virginia. See American Farmer, vol. P 

page 223. 
— ^— Jones'. A dapple grey 15 hands high, black legs, mane and 

tail. Selected in Tunis by Major Stith, American Consul there, and 

purchased for Commodore Jacob Jones of the United States Navy. 

See American Farmer, vol. 10. page 127. 

-Seli.m, g. h. presented by Murad Bey to the late Gen. Sir F 



Abercrombie, and after his death he became the jjroperty of Com- 
modore Barron, of whom he was purchased, and afterwards sold 
and carried to Kentucky. 

1815. John Tayloe. 

-Winter's. Was captured during the last war, (1814, j then 



one year old, by the privateer Grampus, of Baltimore, on board the 
brig Doris, his Majesty's transport. No. 650, on his passage from 
Senegal in Africa, to l^ortsmouth, England, and was intended as a 
present for the then Prince Regent, late king of England. This 
horse was sold, and purchased by E. J. Winter, member of Con- 
gress, from the Slate of New- York. This Arabian is now white, and 
about four feet nine inches high. 

-Bagdad. Was purchased by George Barclay, Esq. of New- 



York, from Hassana de Gris, Minister to England from Tripoli, who 
iinported him to England, as a horse of the purest Arabian blood : he 
was purchased by a Company in Nashville, Tennessee, for )g8,000. 

1823. 
BussoHA. [/w/j'tT] from the land of Job, for which $4,000 



was paid. Stood at New- York. 

-Ballesteros, dk. br. formerly the property of Ferdinand 



King of Spain, and still bears the Royal Mark. W'hen the French 
Army got possession of .Madrid, the steed belonging to tiie King oJ 
Spain, was taken by the .Spanish nobles, carried to Cadiz and tiiere 
sold. Aiiiongst others was young Ballesteros — he became liie prr>- 
perty of Richard S. Hackley, Es(). Consul at that place, who dis 
posed of him to Captain Singleton, of Philadelphia, who brought 
him toiiiis country, and sold liiin to Tiiomas Guy of Richmond, Va 
he got some colts in the .State of Delaware. 
Broad Rock, Vn. 1816. William Ball. 

Arabarh, bl. [/my't/] by Col. Lear, a large strong horse, 



well proportioned but not handsoine ; he was the sire of the dam oi 
Fairfax. Col. Lear. 

ARABIA, bl. h. by Old Janus, from a blood mare by an [fmp^d] Horte. 
Cumberland Cy. Va. 1777. Thomas INioody. 

Felix, ch. ni. by Arab, dam by Shylock. 

Thomas T Tabb. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 31*^ 

ARAB, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Bet Bounce, by Sir Hariy. 

Brunswick Cy. Va. 1829. 
ARATUS, b. h. by Director, dam (Star's dam) by Sir Harry, g. dam bv 

Sattram, &c. (dead.) 

J. J. Harrison. 
ARABELLA, br. f. by Arab, dam by Virginian, g. dam by Old Sir Archy. 

1827. 
by Dare Devil, dam a Clockfast mare. 

Richmond, 1823. Samuel McCraw. 

ARCHER, [/m/i't/.] A bay horse got by Flagergill, dam sister to Crassu?, 

by Eclipse, Young Cade, Rib, I^artner, Greyhound, &.C. 

Virginia, 1802. T. Reeves. 

ARCH DUKE, Ump''d.] A brown bay got by Sir Peter Teazle, dam Ho- 
ratio by Old Eclipse — Countless by Blank. 

Richmond, 1803. John Banks. 

ARCHIBALD, [Imp'J] bred by the Duke of Hamilton, and foaled in 1801. 

He was got by Walnut sou of Highflyer, his dam the bay Javelin 

mare, her dam Young Flora, sister lo Spadille by Highflyer, &,c. 

William Smalley. 
ARCH DUCHESS, by Sir Archy, dam Duchess. (Blind.) 

John Randolph. 
ARCHY SIR, (Benehans) by Old Sir Archy, dam by Eagle, gr. dam [by 

Imp''d] Druid, g. g. dam by Old Mark Anthony. 

[Neal'sJ by Old Sir Archy, dam Virginia. 

J. Jackson. 

Minikin, b. f. by Sir Archy, dam Young Minikin. 

John Randolph. 

Grey, i_See Grey Archy.) 

ARIADNE, [by Ijnp'd\ Citizen, dam by Blank. 

Col. Holcombe. 

. by Bedford, dam Mambrino. 

J. Hoomes. 
. by Ball's Florizelle, dam Thunderclap, (bred by Mr. Wick- 

ham, Richmond,) g. dam Ariadne, by Bedford. 
ARIEL, b. f by Young Contention, dam Kitty [by Imp'd] Whip. 

Georgia, 1830. Charles A. Rudd. 
-(brother lo Partner,) by Morton's Traveller, dam Col. Task- 

er's Selinia, &,c. 

Richmond Cy. Va. 1754. 

. (or Eriel,) by American Eclipse, dam Empress by Financier. 

by Old Tanner, dam by Galloway's Selim, g. dam an [/m/j'd.] 

Maryland, 1782. 
ARIETTA, b. m. by Virginian, dam by Sh)'lock. 
ARION, ch. h. by Polyphemus, dam Leeds, gr. dam by Traveller out of 

[/m^'dj mare Pocahontas. 

Spencer Ball. 
ARISTOTLE, [Imp'd] b. h. by the Cullen Arabian, his dam by Old (Jrab, 

g. dam by Hobgoblin, Godolphin Arabian, &c, 

Charles City Cy. Va. I7G4 Hodgkin. 

— — ^ b. m. by Arismtle, dam an [Imp'd] mare from Lord Cullen's 

Stud. 
ARMINDA, by Medley, dam by Bolton, gr. dam Sally Wright by Yorick. 

1790. J. Hoomes. 

ARIMINNA, by Brimmer, dam Peyton Randolph's Lovely Lass, &.C. 
ARRAKOOKER, Imp'd] br. by Drone, out of a Chatsworth mare, heraam 

by Engineer — Drone by Herod. 

Foaled, 1789. Imported by Dr. Tate. 

28* 



3!li0 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

ARRAKOOKKESS, ch. m. by Arrakooker, dam Young Hope by Dio- 
mede, &c. 

ARTLESS, b. m. by a son of [/mp'rf] Bedford, dam a Ratth de Cashe by 
Terror, he by Janus, &,c. 
S. Carolina, 1809. Harrison. 

ASPACIA, gr. m. by Bellair, dam Polly Peachem. 

1795. J. Tayloe. 

ASSIDUOUS, \hy Imp'd] Wonder, dam by American Eagle. 

ATLAS, b. h. [by Imp''d'\ Ranter, dam [by Imp^d] Lansdale out of an 
Imported mare. 
Bait. Cy. 1797. M. Nestor. 

ATLANTIC, "(bred by T. B. Hill,) by Archy, dam by Phoenix. (Broke 
down 3'oung.) 

ATALANTA, ch. f by Old Slouch, dam Brilliant mare. 

South Carolina, 1791. Wm. Alston. 

b. m. by Hart's [Tmp'd] Medley, dam Pink by Old Mark An- 
thony, g. dam by Jolly Roger, &c. 
1787. James Blick. 

by Sir Harry, dam by Melzar son of Medley, &,c. 

i-by Dictator, dam Duchess by Hero, &.c. 

• by Lindsay's Arabian, dam Kitty Fisher by Regulus. 

b. f. by Roanoake, dam Young Minikin, &.c. 

J. Randolph. 

ATTALUS, b. c. by Pacotaligo, dam Miss Crawler by Crawler — Melzar, 
&c. 

AUGUSTA, [Imp'd'] by Sattram, dam by Wildair—Clockfast -Apollo- 
Janus — Jolly Roger, &,c. 
Foaled, 1802. William Rives. 

AURORA, gr. ni. by Gov. Lloyd's Vintzun, dam Pandora by Grey Dio 
mede. Thomas Emery. 

— — b. f. by Aratus, dam Paragon [by Imp''d] Buzzard. 

[by Imp'd] Honest John, dam Zelippa by Old Messenger — 

Bay Richmond, (fee. 

— — ^^ by Oscar, dam Pandora. 

by Marplot, dam Camilla by Percy. 

Richard A. Raple}'. 

AURELIA, [Impy] by Anville, dam Augusta by Eclipse, Herod, Bajazett, 
&.C. 1800. 

gr. f by Winter's Arabian, dam Sophy Winn by Blackburn's 

Whip. 

AURA, b. f. by Roanoake, dain Amy Robsart. 

J. Randolph. 

.AURINE, br. f by Whip, dam Arrakookress. 

AUTOCRAT, [Imp\q gr. h. sixteen and a half hands high, by Grand 
Duke, dam Olivetia, (by Sir Oliver,) g. dam Scotini by Delolnni, 
Scotta by Eclipse, &.c. Grand Duke by Arch Duke out of Hand- 
maid by John Bull, &.c. 
Foaled, 1822. 

B. 

BABRAHAM, [by Imp'd] Juniper, dam Col. Tasker's [Imp'd] Selima, (fee 
Philadelphia, 1780. Jacob Hittzheimer. 

BACCHUS, b. c. by Sir Archy, dam by Rattler, (by Shark,) g. dam by 
Wildair. Wilkinson. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 321 

BADGER, [Tmp^d] gr. h. by Bosphotus, (a son of Babraham) dam by Black 

and ail Hlae'k — Flying Childers, &.C. 

N. Carolina, 1777. Gov. Eden. 

__ [liy Inip\l\ Badger, dam by Galloway's Selim out of an inip'd 

mare by Spoi. 

Maryland, 1806. Benjamin Ogle. 

BAGDAD, (.'^ee Arabian Bagdad.) 

BAIIVBRIDGE, ['n/ Imp^d] Dion, dam Campbell's grey mare, bred in Ma- 
ryland, got by Marcus and her dam by Moscow. (Died at 5 or 6 

years old.) 
BAJAZKTT, [Imp\l]hy tne Godolphin Arabian, dam by Whitefoot— 

Leedsman — Mooiiah — Barb Mare. 

1740. 
(Little Devil,) by Dare Devil, dam Miss Fauntleroy. 

1801. John Tayloe. 

-(Young.) b. li. by Bajazett, dam a Janus mare, (bred by B. 



Moore, N. Carolina ) 

King and Queen, Va 1774. 
BALD EAGLE, b. c by Spread Eagle, dam Broadnax by Old Janus, &c. 

J. Breckeniidge. 

bv American Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfoot. 

BALLY SHANNON, by Wedding Day, dam Miss Fauntleroy. 

1801. J. Tayloe. 

BALL H0R:;ET, b. by Black and all Black, dam Rosetta by Shylock. 
BALLESTEROS, (See Arabian Ballesteros.) 
BANGO SEIB, by Bedford dam, dam of Byron by Archy. 

R. Benehan. 
BARONET, [/w);j'J] b. h. by Virtunmus son of Eclipse, his dam Fenulti 

nia by Snap— Old Cade — Childers, &.c. 

This horse was imp'd into New- York with I'otSos mare, the gr. 

dam of Am. Eclipse. 
BAREFOOT, [Imp'd] was by Tramp, (he by Dick Andrews out of a Go- 

hanna mare,) dam Rosamond by Buzzard out of Roseberry, sister ol 

Huby and Tartar by rheiiomenoii out of Miss West by Matchem, 

&LC. Sold in England for over $12,000. 

Foaled 1820. [Imp'd\ by Sir Isaac Coffin, 1825-6. 
BARBARA, b. f by Roanoake, dam Wakefield. 
BARONESS, b. m. by Potomac, dam by Young Baronet, gr. dam [hy tmp'd\ 

Bedford, g. g. dam [hyiinp'd] Shark, (fee. 
BARON BOSTROP, gr. c. by Roanoake, dam Miss Ryland. 

132.5. J. Randolph. 

BARON TRENCK, by Sir Archy, dam by Old Galatin, g. dam [Imp'd] bj 

Gov. Telfair of Georgia. 

Wm. Terrell. (Georgia.) 
BASHAW, b. h. [by Imp'd] Wildair, daniDe Lancey's [Imp^d] Cub mare. 

New Jersey. 
Mare, dk. ch. [by Imp^d] Bashaw, Imp'd Jolly Roger, Aris- 
totle, Merrypintle, &c. dam an Imp'd mare from Lord Cullen's 

Stud. 
BAY RICHMOND, [Imp'd] by Feather, dam Matron by the Cullen Ara- 
bian, Bart'.ett's Childers, &,c. 

1769. 
BAY BOLTON, by Bolton, which was bied by the Earl of North. imoer 

laud, and owned by Williaui Lightfoot of Charles City Cy. Va. dam 

[Imp'd] Blossom. 
BAY COLT, [Imp'd'^ a dk. b. got by Highflyer, dam by Eclipse from Yoing 

Cade, which was the dam of Vauxhall, alto dam ol Dulcina, &.C. 



322 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

(^Imported by Wm. Barksdale.) 

Manchester, Va. 1797. Jos. Strange. 

-(Sold by John Baylor,) [hy Imp'd] Tup, dam by Old Shark, 



g. dam Betsy I'rini^le by Fearnoirght. 

-Mare, by Bedford, dam by Old Cade, g. dam by Hickman's 



Indejjendence. 

J. Broadua. 
B.\Y YANKEE, by President, dam Cora by Obscurity. 
BAY BETT, b. m. by Ratler, dam b. m. bred by Isaac Duckett of Mary- 
land in 1809, got by Dr. Thornton's [Imp^d] horse Clifden, her dam 
by Richard Hall's Tom by imported Eclipse. 

Gen. C. Irvine. 
BAY MARIA, b. f. by American Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfoot, (fee. 

1831. 
BAY DOLL, by Sans Culotte, out of the dam of Spot. 

J. Randolph. 
BEAUTYb.f.byRavensw'jod, dam Everlasting. 

John Randolph. 

• b. m. by Diomede, dam Virginia, full sister of Desdemona. 

J. M. Selden. 
BECCA JOLLY, ch. f. by Sir William, dam by Ragland's Diomede, gr. 

dam [by Imp''d] Dion. 
BEDFORD, [Iinp''d] by Dungannon, (he by Eclipse,) dam Fairy by High- 
flyer, Fairy Queen by Young Cade, &.C. 

Bowling Green, Va. 1792. John Hoomes. 

-(Bland's) [by Jinp'd] Bedford, dam Pandora by Bellair. 



-Mare, [by Iinp''d] Bedford, dam by imported Dare Devil. 



Foaled, 1810. Greensville, Va. Thomas Spencer. 

-Mare, (Old) [by Imp''d] Bedford, dam by imp'd Coeur dc 



Lion — Fortuna by Wildair, &.C. 

R. K. Meade. 

b. h. by Consul, dam [by Imp''d] Bedford, 

Shepherds. 

BEDLAMITE, b. m. by Cormorant, dam Madcap— Arvil, &.c. 

1799. J. Tayloe. 

ch. c. by Janus, dam by Young Frenzy. 

J. Randolph. 
BEGGAR GIRL, by Sir Archy. 

b. f [by Imp\l'\ Baronet, dam Betsy Bell. 

BEHEMOTH, (late Hamlet) br. by Bagdad, dam Rosy Clack. 
BELLAIR, gr. h. by Old Medley, dam Selima by Yorick. 

J. Tayloe. 

(Cooke's) gr. h. by Bellair, dam by Independence cut of a 

Virginia mare, &,c. 
BELLARIA, by Bellair, dam Sweetest. 

1796. J. Tayloe. 
by Bellair, dam Narcissa by Wildair. 

1797. Tyler. 

BELLISSIMA, b. f by Melzar, dam by Old W^ildair, Fluvia, &.c. 

1807. J. Tayloe. 

BELINDA, b. m. by Escape (Alias Horn's) dam by Bedford. 
BELLONA, by Bellair, dam Indian Queen [by Iinij''d'\ Pilgrim. 
BELLVILLE, by Bellair, dam Indian Queen [6y Imp''d'\ Pilgrim. 
BELMONT, by Tanner, dam by Selim out of an [Imp\l] mare. 
BiiLVIDERA, b. c. by Symme's Wildair, dam [by ImpH] Clockfast, gr 

dam by Old Yorick, ifec. 

B'-unswick Cy. Va. 1798. Flartvvell Tucker. 



«.«ERICAN STUD BOOK. 323 

BELVIDERA, b. f. bvRnanoake, dam Archy Minikin. 

John Ranflolph. 
BEN COOPER, gr. c. by Messenger, dam Temptation by Heath's ('hilders 

]8f«. 
LJENYOWSKI, b. li. liy Aniericus, (by Diomede) dam [/m/)'i/] Anvelina. 

1802. John Tayloe. 

BERGAMOT, [fmp'il] got by Highflyer, dam Orange Girl by Maicliem— 

Red Rose by Ijabraham — Blaze— Fox, &lc. 

Charles City V,v- Va. 1737. Win. Lightfoot. 

BER.NADOTTE, (J C'ln,! flower) by Ball's Florizelle, dam [by Imp\l] Bed- 
ford, g. dam by Quicksilver — Victorious, &c. 
BERTIkAND, b. h. by Sir Aichy, dam Eliza [by Iinp^d] Bedford, g. dam 

Mambrino. 
JiMOR, ch. by Bertrand, dam Transport. 

South Carolina, 1827. J. B. Richardson. 

BET BOUNCE, b. f. by Sir Harry, dam Atalanta by Old Medley, &c. 

F'oaled, 1825. 
BETTY, ch. f. by Contention, dam Flora by Ball's Florizelle. 

Lou4on, Va. J. Lewis. 

BETSY ARCHER, by Old Sir Archy, dam Weazle. 

E. Irby. 

Andrews, ch. by Sir Archy, dam by Jack And<rews. 

Baker, gr. f. by Buzzard, dam Portia. 

■ br. in. [I>y Imp\l] Shark, dam by Romulus, — St. George, 

Haynnes' Old Poll by Fearnought. 

b. in. by Florizelle, dam Tartar mare by Old Fearnought, (tc- 

Bi.ossoM, dk. b. by Superior, (by Old Superior,) dam by 



Thornton's Wildair out of a Dare Devil mare, 

Bell, b. f by Mr. McCarthy's Cub, dam Temptation. 

— H.4XALL, (See Roxana.) 

-Hunt, br. m. by Sir Hal, dam by Dion— -Quickstep- — Shark 



Wildair— -Clockfast, &c. 

Madison, ch. f by Madison, dam Maria by Archy. 

-Pearson, ch. by Tom Tough, dam [by Imp^d] Diomede. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 

Pringle, by Old Fearnought, dam [Imp^d'] Jenny Dismal. 

Ransom, gr. m. by Virginian, demi Old Favourite by Beliair. 

-Robinson, b. f by Thaddeus, dam Maria by Sir Archy- 



[Imp^d] Sir Harry — Dare Devil, &c. 

-RoBBiNs, ch. f. by Kosciusko, dam by Hephestion, g. dam 



Arion, g. g. dam by Romulus. 

by South Carolina, 1806. B. F. Taylor. 
RtFFiN, ch. in. by Virginian, dam by Irby's Shylock, g. dam 

Lady Burton. 

Sai'nders, gr. f. by Stockholder, dam by Pacolet. 

.Tavlor, ch. m. by First Consul, dam [by Imp\l'] Obscurity. 



I hiladelphia Cy. 

-Wilson, by Ratray, dam by Oscar. 



1827. Col. Emery. 

-VViLKS, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Bedford, g. dam by Dare 



Devil, g. g. dam by Lamplight.er, &.C. 
BIG BEN, [by Imp'd] Bedford, dam I'andora by Beliair. 

See Phenomenon, also Charlemont or Sirange's Travellei. 

BLACK MARIA, by American Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfoot. 

1826. J. C. Stephens. 
by Shark, dam by Clockfast, g. dam Maria by Begulus, &-o 

1804. ' Tayloe. 



324 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

BLACK MERINO, by Vintzun, dam by Comet, g. dam by Don Oarlos-~ 

Old Figure, &,c. 
BLACK GHOST, [hy rmp'cT] Oscar, dam Pill Box by .mp'd Pantaloon — 

Melpomene, SLc. 

Dr. A. Dixon, (Va.) 

'■ by Oscar, dam Melpomone, &,c. 

BLACK EYED SUSAN, by Sir Archy, dam [by Imp'd] Druid, g. dam by 

iiiip'd Saltram. 

1812. C. Harrison. 

• by Potomac, dam by Galatin — by Diomede, &.C. 

1819. Stephen Hester. 
BLACK AND ALL BLACK, by Madison, dam Virago by Whip. 
[by Imp'd] Brunswick, dam by Ariel, g. dam Brent's Ebony, 

e. g. dam imp'd Selima. 

Pennsylvania, 1780. Elihu Hall. 

. [Imp'd.] (See Othello.) 

BLAKEFORD, ch. c. by Gov. Wright's Silver Heels, dam Selima by Top- 
gallant — Gabriel — Chatam, &.c. 

Maryland. Robert W«ght, Jun. 

BLACK JACK, b. c. by Carolinian, dam by Miner's Escape, (or Horn's.) 
BLACK ROSE, bl. m. by Stockholder, (by Sir Archy,) dam by Hamilto- 

nian, [by Imp''d Diomede,] g. dam by Columbus, (by imp'd Panta- 
loon) oirt of Ladv Northumberland, &c. 

Frederick Cy. Va. 1826. D. H. Allen. 

BLAZE, [Imp'd] by Vandall, (by Spectator,) dam the sister of Chrysolite 

by Truncheon — Regulus — Partner, &,c. 

York, Va. 1796. Hugh Nelson. 

■ br. c. by Roanoake, dam Miss Peyton. 

J. Randolph. 
BLAZELLA, [by Imp^d] Blaze, dam Jenny Cameron. 
BLACK PRINCE, by Don Carlos, (he by Figure) dam by Figure, g. dam 

by Dove— Othello, &c. 

Maryland, 1783. 
by Marion, dam Lady Burton, &.C. 

1827. 
BLACK WARRIOR, [by Imp'd] Merryfield. 

by Black Warrior. 

BLA(/'K TOM, by Tom Jones, dam an imp'd mare. 
BLEMISH, b. m. by Gracchus, dam imp'd Duchess. 

1819. H. Burwell. 

BLOSSOM, [Imp'd] by Old Sloe, her dam hy Regulus the sire of Fear- 
nought, &.C. 

Thomas Nelsou, (Va.) 
Imp'd] dap. gr. by Bordeaux, dam by Highflyer, g. dam by 

Eclipse out of Vauxhall's dam by Young Cade, &,c. 

Pennsylvania. John Mayo. 

BLUE SKIN, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Miss Ryland, &.C. 

J. Randolph. 

Mare, by Baylor's Fearnought, dam an imp'd mare. 

BLUE RUIN, by Gracchus, dam Duetta, &c. 

BLUSTER, [Imp'd'\ by Orlando, (son of Whiskey,) out of a Highflyer mare 

sister to Escape by Pegasus, her dam by Squirrel, &c. 

Petersburgh, Va. James Dunlop. 

BOASTER, [Imp'd] b. h. by Dungannon, dam by Justice, Mariame by 

Squirrel— -Miss Meredith by Cade, dec. 

Foaled, 1795. Walter Bell. 

BOLIVAR, by Sir Hal, dam by Old Diomede — Wildair— Apollo, &c. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. BUS 

BOLIVAR, gr. h. by Oscar, (by Wonder,) dam by Pacolet, Truxton, &c. 

by Sir Robert Wilson, dam Darning Needle. 

b. h. by Ratler, dam by Sir Solomon. 

1826. Wright. 

BOLTON, [Imp'd] b. by Shock, owned by Mr. Lightfoot of Charles Ci«f 

Va. 

Foaled, 17.52. 
Mahk, ch. by Bolton, dam Sally Wright by Yorick. 

Foaled, 1776. John Hoomes. 

BOMPARD, [by Imp^d] Obscurity, dam by Pillgarlic, g. dam by Imp'd 

Jack of Diamonds, &,c. 
BONNETS O'BLUE, gr. f by Sir Charles, dam Reality by Sir Archy. 

Wm. R. Johnson. 
BONNY BLACK, b. f. by Bagdad, dam Fancy. 

Tennessee. D. W. Sumner. 

BONNY LASS, (L. Hardimans,) by Jolly Roger, dam [Imp'd] Bonny 

Lass. 

[/mjsV] by Bay Bolton. 

BONAPARTE, b. by Col. Tayloe's Grey Diomede, dam by Matchem, g. 

dam by Marius — Silver Heels, &,c. 

Maryland. Sam. Norwood. 

BOREAS, b. c. by McCarthy's cub, dam Shrewsbury Nan, by Bajazet, <fe,c. 

KentCy. Md. 1791. 

BOXER, \l)y Imp''d] Medley, dam by Baylor's Fearnought, g. dam by Jolly 

Roger, &c. 

Goochland Cy. J. Curd. 

• by Sir Archy, dam [hy Imp''d\ Druid — Symme's Wildair- 

Americus, &,c. 

Ohio, 1830. P. Claiborne. 

BRANDON, by Aristotle, dam by Old Janus. 
BRAVO, b. c. by Henry, dam Gulnare, &,c. 

Queens County, N. Y. 1829. Tho. Pearsall. 

BRENDA, ch. f by Gracchus, dam Maricuna. 

F. B. Whiting. 
b. m. by (Ame's) Sir Archy, dam Madame Lavalette. 

Foaled, 1823. J. J. Ambler. 

BRITANNIA, [/«!//'<?] b. m. was got by Pegasus, dam Peggy, was very 

fleet, but invariably bolted. 

180U. John Tayloe. 

■ by Wildair, dam [by Imp''d] Aristotle, g. dam by Imp'd 

Vampire out of Imp'd Britannia. 

1792. Col. Symme. 
full sister to True Briton, dam Col. Gant's Milly, full sista* 

to Hopper's Pacolet, &c. 
dk. gr. m. by True Briton, dam Duke of Cumberland's Ebo 

ny, &c. 

Maryland, 1769. 
BRIGHT PHOEBUS, full brother to Miller's Damsel. 
BRILLIANT, [Imp''d] gr. by Phenomenon, dam Faith by Pacolet- Ata 

lanta by Matchem, &c. 

Foaled, 1791. J. Tayloe 
br. c. by isir Archy, aam Bet Bounce. 

1826. W. R. Johnson. 

— — .b. c. by Marplot, dam Brilliant mare. 

17S7. Joseph Atston. 

-Chichester's, by Timoleon, dam Caroline by Marshall 



Fairfax County, Va. 1828. 



326 AMERICAN STUD BUOK. 

BRILLIANT, ch. h. by Eden's [Imp'S] Badger, dam by Othello, gr. dain by 

Morton's Traveller, &.c. 

Towsen's Tavern, Maryland, 1786. J. R. HoHiday. 
Mare, [by Imp'd] Matchem, dam Imp'd was by Brilliant, 

&-C. 

1799. Ed. Fenwick. 

BRIMMER, b. h. by (Harris') Eclipse, dam Polly Flaxen. 

Powliatan County, Va. 1777. T. Turpin. 
b. h. by Horod, dam by Robin Redbreast, g. dam by Shark- 
dive, &.C. 

John Goode. 
-[hy Imp''(T] Valiant, dam by Jolly Roger. 



BROADNAX, by Old Janus, dam by Apollo, g. dam by Fearnought, g. g, 

dam by Jolly Roger, &.C. 

1784. Broadnax. 

BROWN FILLY, [Imp' J] was by Sir Peter Teazle out of the dam of Horn's. 

S. Carolina, 1802. John McPherson. 

BRUNSWICK, llmp'd] (called Lightfoot in England,) was got by Oro- 

nooko, a son of Crab, (Black and All Black) out of Miss Slamer- 

kin. Brunswick's dam by Babraham, a son of Godolphin Arabian, 

(Sic. 
BRUNSIMUTT, dk. br. h. by Brunswick— [/m^^'cZ] Ranter— Inip'd Dab- 
ster, &c. 
BRUNETTE, full sister to Gohanna. 

b. f by Telegraph. 

b. f. by Roanoake, dam Archy Minikin. 

J. Randolph. 
BRYAN O'LYNN, {Imp\l\ by A ston, dam by De Sang— Regulus— Part 

ner — Brocklesby's Betsy, by the Curwen bay Barb. Foaled, 1796. 

North Carolina, 1803. Turner. 

BUCKSKIN, by Mark Anthony, dam Brandon. 

, B. Harrison. 

BUCEPHALUS, [Imp'd] br. h. got by Sir M. Witherton's Locust, dam by 

Old Cade, g. dam by Partner. 

Foaled, 1753. Archibald Ritchie. 

— s. h. by Craig's Yorick, dam bv Careless. 

King Willlaiii Cy. Va. 1777. ' Reuben Butler. 

. b. h. by Symnie's Wildair, &,c. 

1807. Col. Ed. Ward. 

-by Granhy, dam Maria Slanierkin. 



BUFFALO, b. c. by Bagdad, dam Anna by Truxton. 

BUSSORA. (See Aiablaii Bussora) 

BULLE ROOK, (Olrl) [hy Imp'd] Sparks out of a full blooded mare. 

BURK, ch. c. by Stockholder, dam Eliza by Bagdad. 

BURSTER, ch. h. by Rasselas, dam by Topgallant, g. dam, [by Imp'd\ 

Play or Pay — Bellair, &.C. 

Wm. Cleveland. 
BURSTALL, bv Shylock, dam Pare Devil mare. 
BURWELL'S TRA VELLER. (^See Traveller Burwell's.) 
BUXOMA, ch. f by Pulaski, dam Virginia Nell. 

18-29. J. Blick. 

I5UZZARD, [Imp''d] ch. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Dux — Curiosity by 

.Snap — Regulus, &.c. 

1737. J. Hoomes. 

gr. h. by a son of Old Buzzard, dam Pandora by Bellair, &,c. 

Old, ch. m. [hy Imphl-l Buzzard, dam by Diomede, gr. clam 

by Boxer, &.c. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 327 

BUZZARD, Young, m. by Hamiltonian (of Va.) dam Old Buzzard [by 
Imp^d] Buzzard, g. d. by Diomede, &,c. 

I Mare, ch. by Buzzard, dain Symmetry, bought by M. Alex- 

ander. 

Geo. Jefferson. 

c. 

CADMUS, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by Shylock, g. dam [by Imp'd] Bed 

ford, ifec. 

Kentucky. N. Hutchcrcfu 

CADE, bv Old Partner, dam [Imp'd] Kitty Fisher. 

1788. Wm. Lumpkin. 
ch. c. bv Ajax, dam Tartar mare, &,c. 

1791. 
CAIRA, ch. by Wildaii, (by Fearnought,) dam by Sloe, the dam of Grey 

Diomede. 

1796. Ricliard Brooke. 

CALYPSO, g. ni. by Medley, dam Selima by Yorick. 

1793. J. Tayloe. 

b. f. by Chance Medley, dam by Vintzun. 

Col. Chainhers- 

by Nolimetangere, dam Lady Dudley by First Consul. 

CALENDER, ch. h. by American Eclipse, dam Princess by Sir Archy, g. 

dam a full blooded mare. 
CALISTA, gr. f by Roanoake, dam Miss Peyton. 

J. Randolph. 
CALMUC, ch. c. by Timoleon, dam Fair Forester, (tc, 

1831. Dr. Goodwin. 

CAMDEN, by Old Janus, dam Polly Haxen. 

King and Queen, Va. 1782. Harry Gaines. 

CAMELEON, dk. br. m. by Virginian, dam Rosetta [by Imp''d] Dion. 
CAMILLA, [Imp'd] by Dove, &c. 

by Tanner, dam Stella by Tasker's Othello. 

Henry Carter. 
• ch. m. by Timoleon, dam Duchess by Bedford. 

Halifax, N. C. Robert A. Jones. 

' by Old Wildair, dam Minerva by Obscurity. 

Wm. Broadnax. 
gr. m. by Old Peace Maker, (by Diomede,) dam Lady Eagle 

(fee. 

Albemarle, V^a. Waller Coles. 

-by Old Fearnought, dam Calista. 



b. m. by Bolingbroke, dam by Thornton's Diomede, he bx 

Ball's Florizelle— [//n/<'(/] Whip, &c. 

King and Queen Cy. Va. 1826. Hugh Campbell. 

b. f by Bluster, [Imp''d] son of Orlando, dam Jet. 

J. Randolph 

ch. m. by Sumpter dam, by Robin Gray, (fee. 

Tho. Stephens 
CAMILLUS, b. h. by Burwell's Traveller, dam Camilla by Old Fearnoiighi 

Foaled, 1773. 

Prince George, Va. 1782. John Gordon. 

CANDIDATE, b. c. by Cormorant, dam by Mexican out of Maria, (fee. 

Freds. James Smock. 

• (late Eutaw,^ ch. c. by Virginius, dam Peggy by Bedford. 

CANTAB, ch. h. by Pantaloon, dam Selima by Yorick. 

29 



328 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

CARDINAL PUFF, [Imp'd] by Cardinal Puff, dam by Bardy, g. dam by 

Matcheni, &c. 

Herring Bay, Maryland, 1737. Sam. Harrison. 

CARLO, [Imp^d] b. h. by Balloon, dam own sistertoPeter Pindarby Jave 

lin, g. dam Sweetheart by Herod — Snap, &,c. 

1809. Dr. Thornton. 
[fey Imp'tl'] Carlo, dam by imp'd Florizelle out of a mare raised 

by Col. R. K. Heath, &,c. 

Major Gibbs. 
CARELESS, [hy Imp^d] Fearnought, dam Camilla, by Dove — Othello — 

Spark, &c. 

Maryland, 1776. Rich. Sprigg. 
by Cormorant, dam [by /TnpV] Shark, gr. dam Betsy Prin- 

gle, &c. 

1801. J. Hoomes. 

-by Obscurity. 



CARNATION, br. h. by Virginian, dam Rosetta [hy Imp^J] Dion. 
CAROLINE WHITEFOOT, b. m. by Oscar, dam Indian Hen by Othello, 

g. dam by Lloyd's Traveller, Slc. 

Caroline Cy. Va. 1818. Elisha Wilson. 

CAROLINE, ch. f. by Mufti. 

b. f by Eclipse, dam a Janus mare. 

b. m. by Old Sir Archy, dam [by Imp\l] Dion, g. dam Miss 

SelHen by Sorrel Diomede — Wildair, &c. 

1823. Dr. Tho. Hall. 

CAROLINA, b. f. by Saltram, dam Medley mare, g. dam Old P.eality, &c. 

Marmaduke Johnson. 
CAROLINIAN, gr. c. by True Blue, dam Medley mare, &c. 
Mare, gr. by Carolinian, dam gr. mare by Superior, gr. dam 

by Quicksilver — [Imp''d] Shark, &c. 

-b. by Sir Archy, dam \by Imp^d] Druid, gr. dam by Wildaii 



by Fearnought, &c. 

CARROL, ch. c. by Sir William, dam Jennett by Muzzle Diomede. 

CARRION CROW, by Young Royalist, dam [hy Imp\i] Spread Eaa,le. 
Paris, Kentucky. Jefferson Scott. 

'♦^ASTIANIRA, [Imp'd'l br. m. by Rockingham, dam Tabitha by Trent- 
ham out of the Clam of Pegasus. 
Foaled, 1796. Imp'd 1799. John Tayloe. 

CASTANIA, by Arch Duke, dam Castianira. 

1803. J. Tayloe, 

CASWELL, b. h. by Sir William, (by Sir Archy,) dam Lady Bedford, and 
half brother to Giles Scroggins. 

J. "W. Jeffriee. 

CASTAWAY, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Miss Peyton. 

1827. J. Randolph. 

CATHERINE THE GREAT, b. f. by Roanoake, dam young Grand 
Duchess. J- Randolph. 

CELER, [Imp'd'] by Old Janus, dam Brandon by Aristotle — CuHen Ara- 
bian, &.C. 
Foaled, 1774. (Virginia, 1798.) Meade. 

M.\RE, by Celer, dam by Janus, &,c. 

Green 

CELIA, by Old Wildair, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 

ch. m. by Powhatan, dam [by Imp'd] St. Paul, g. dam by 

Sans Culotte, <fcc. 

CELERIMA, by Old Medley, dam by Old Cekr, gr. dam by Old Fear- 
nought. &«. 1797. Edmund Harrison. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 329 

CENTINEL, [Imp' J] ch. h. by Blank out of Naylor by Cade, Spectator's 

clam by Partner, &,c. 

Foaled, 1758. 
CENTAUR, br. h. by Evan's Starling, dam an [Imp'd] mare. 

Foaled, 1764. 
CHAMBERLAIN, ch. h. by Diomede. 
CHANCE, [Imp''d] b. h. by Lurcher, (son of Dungamion,) dam by Hydei 

Ally— I'erdilta by Herod — Fair Forester by Sloe, &c. 

1797. John Tayloe. 

■ Medley, gx. h. [by Imp'd] Chance, dam by Young Diomede, 

(by gr. Diomede,) g. dam by Jmp'd Oscar, &,c. 

CHANTICLEER, by Wildair, dam by Pantaloon, g. dam by Traveller- 
Mark Anthony, &,c. 

1798. B. Wilkes. 
br. by Sir Archy, dam Black Ghost [by Imp'd] Pill Box by 

Imp'd Pantaloon — Morton's Traveller. 

Jas. G. Green. 
CHARLES CARROLL, ch. c. by Sir Charles, dam Susan by Bond's Sir 

Solomon, &.C. 
CHARLES STEWARD, b. h. by Tuckahoe, dam by Sir Solomon. 
CHARLES MARE, by Sir Charles, dam by Young Hal, gr. dam by Bed- 
ford, g. g. dam [Tmp''d] Trumpeter. 
CHARIOT, [Imp'd] b. h. by Highflyer, dam Potosi by Eclipse— Blank- 

Godolphin Arabian — Snip — Partner, cfcc. 

Foaled, 1789. N. Carolina, 1800. J. &, L. Lyne. 

CHARLEMONT, [Imp'd] b. c. (afterwards called Big Ben) in which namt 

he ran many races in England, and afterwards in this country calied 

T'ravtlle7- — he was got by O'Kelly's Eclipse, his dam by king Herod 

— Blank — Snip — Penton's Lady Thigh, «fcc. 

Foaled, 1786. Manchester, Va. Jas. Strange. 

CHARLEMAGNE, by Wildair, dam by Romulus by Mark Anthony, out 

of Judge Tyler's Pompadour. 
CIIATAM, by Fitzhugh's Regulus, dam Brent's Ebony, g. d. Selima [by 

Imp'd] Othello. 

Gimpowder Falls, 1786. Brogden. 

CHARLOTTE, ch. f by Galatin, dam Anvelina. 

by Sir Archy, dam Merino Ewe. 

W. R. Johnson. 

• .Temple, full sister to Gohanna. 

CHEROKEE, by Sir Archy, dam Young Roxana by Hephestion. 
CHESNUT MARE, by Diomede, dam by Alderman, g. dam by Clockfast, 

&c. 



CHESAPEAKE, gv. h. by Sweeper. 
CHEVALIER, by Celer, dam Brandon by Aristotle. 



J. Wickham. 
Gittings. 



B. Harrison. 

CHILDERS, [Imp'd] b. by Blaze, son of the Devonshire Childers dam by 
Old Fox, &c. 
Stafford Cy. Va. 1759. Francis Thornton. 

Heath's, ch. h. by Baylor's Fearnought, dam an imported 

mare by Bajazet — Babraham — Sedbury, &.c. 

Rich. Barnes. 
-b. h. [by Imp'd] Childers, dam by Traveller. 



Charles' County, Maryland, 1764. Geo. Lee. 

-Flying, ch. (brother to Railer) by Sir Archy, dam by Robir 



Redbreast, &c. Gen. Wyuna 



330 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

CHIEFTAIN, ch. c. by Director, dam by Hoskin's Sir Peter, gr. dam by 
Highlander, &c. 

Rich. Hill. 
CHINOANGTl, [by Imp'd] Arab, dam Aurora by Imp'd Honest John. 
CICERO, by Sir Archy, dam [by Imp'd] Diomede, g. dam by Imp'd Fear- 
nought — Jolly Roger, &,c. 

-Mare, (dam of Trifle) by Cicero, dam by Bedford, g. dam 



by Bellair — Shark, &c. 

1822. Tho. Graves. 

CITIZEN, [Tmp'd] b. h. by Pacolet, a son of Blank, a son of the Godol- 

phin Arabian— Fairy Queen by Young Cade, &,c. 

Foaled, 1785. 
— by Facolet, dam Fancy. 

Tennessee, 1818. 

by Tinioleon, dam by Sir Hal, g. dam Ariadne, (Johnson's.) 



CINCINNATUS, (Bowie's) by Lindsay's Arabian, his dam [by Imp'd] Fl 
gure, g. dam Thistle by Imp'd Dove. 

by Bay Richmond, dam Blue Skin by Baylor's Fearnought. 

Ringold. 

CINDERELLA, full sister to Marshal Duroc. 

B. Badger. 
-llmp''d] h. f. by Sir Peter, her dam (Vivaldi's dam) by Mer- 



curj', g. dam Cynthera, &c. 

S. Carolina. Gen. John McPherson. 

CIRCE, by Ariel, dam [Imp^d] Lady Northumberland. 

1784. Beckwith Butler 

CLARA FISHER, by Kouskiouska, dam by Hephestion, g. d. by Roxana, 

(her dam never run, having been crippled.) 

b. f. by Virginius, dam Transport. 

CLAUDIUS, b. h. by Old Janus, dam Brandon by Aristotle. 

Andrew Meade. 



-by Meade's Claudius, dam by Cole's Eclipse. 

-M.\RE, by Claudius, dam by Bolton, g. dam Sally Wright. 



1791. J. Hoomes. 

CLARISSA, b. m. by Sumpter, dam by Cook's "Whip, [by Imp'd] Whip, 

g. dam by Imp'd Spiead Eagle — Bellair, &c. 
CLERMONT, by Spread Eagle, dam Peggy. (Went to the South.) 

J. Tayloe. 
ch. c. by Kosciusko, dam Josephine by Young Bedford, &c. 

S. Carolina, 1824. J- J- Moore. 

CLEVELAND, ch. h. by Bussora out of a Director mare. 

J. M. Selden. 
CLEMENTINA, b. f [by Imp'd] Paymaster, dam Tulip. 

Maryland, 1795. ' Tho. M. Firman. 

CLEOPATRA, by Druid, dam by Pegasus. 

E. Haynes. 
CLIFDEN, [Imp'd] b. h. by Alfred, a son of Matchem, his dam by Flori- 

zelle, g. dam by Matchem. 

Foaled, 1817. Dr. Thomton. 
[Imp'd] got by Abba Thulla, dam Eustatia by Highflyer — 

Wren by Woodpecker — Sir Peter Teazle's dam. 

1795. 

-Mare, by Doctor Thornton's [Lnp'd] Clifden, dam by R. 



Hall's Tom, he by Im|)'d Eclipse. 

(or Cliften,) ch. h. by Dr. Brown's Wonder, dam Iris by Sier 



ling, &,c. 

1815. J- I.ewj* 



AMEBIC AN STUD BOOK. 331 

CLIO, [by Imp^d] Whip, dam Sultana by imp'd Spread Eagle. 

ch. m. by Sir Archy, darn Beauty by Dioinede, g. dam Vir- 
ginia by Dare Devil. 
Foaled, 1817. C. W. Van Ranst. 

CLOCKFAST, [Imp'd]gr. h. by Gimcrack, (sire of Old Medley,) dam Miss 
Ingram by Regulus — Miss Doe by Sedbury — Miss Mayes by Bart- 
lett's Childers, ifec. 
Foaled, 1774. 

CLOWN, [Imp''d] got by Bordeaux, brother to Florizelle, dam by Eclipse- 
Crisis by Careless — Snappiana by Snap, &c. 
Foaled, 1785. N. C. Cain & Ray. 

COCK OF THE ROCK, brother to American Eclipse. 

COEUR DE LION, f/m;)V] b. h. by Highflyer out of Dido by Eclipse- 
Spectator — Blank, &c. 
Foaled, 1789. (1800.) John Hoomes. 

COALITION, b. h. by Shylock, dam Maria by Bay Yankee, Green's mare 
by Celer, &,c. 

COESS, b. m. by Virginian, dam by Sir Arthur, g. dam by Bellair, g. g. dam 
by Medley, etc. 

COLLECTOR, by Old Mark Anthony, dam Lady Legs. 

Died, 1813. S. R. Carney. 

COLLIER, ch. c. by Sir Charles out of a Whip mare. 

1826. William Finney. 

COLLING WOOD, ch. c. by Thornton's Ratler, dam Vixen by Trafalgar, 
&c. 

COLUMBIA, by Ogle's Oscar, dam Selima by Hall's Eclipse. 

ch. f by Sir Archy, dam Duchess by Bedford. 

b. m. [by Imp\l] Eugene, out of a Young Selima by Yorick. 

-[6y Iinp'd] Barouet, dam by Old Cub — Partner, &c. 



COLUMBUS, ch. h. by Young Sir Harry (he [by Imp'd] Sir Harry,) dam 

Gentle Kitty by Young Postboy. 
b. h. by Tennessee Oscar, (by Wonder) dam [by Imp''d] 

DungannoH — imp'd Rapid. 

Isaac Bledsoe. 

s. h. [by Imp''d'\ Pantaloon, dam Lady Northumberland, &.C 

s. h. by Sir Archy, dam Vixen by Jack Andrews. 

1828. James G. Green. 

COMBINATION, by Gracchus, dam Evelina by Phenomenon. 
COMMUTATION, b. h. by Symme's Wildair, dam by Yorick, g. dam by 

Little David, &c. 

1788. JohnBelfield. 

COMPETITOR, by Dragon out of Celerima. 
COMMODORE, [Imp'd] bl. b. h. 16 hands high by Caleb Quotem, (a son 

of Sir Peter Teazle,) dam Mary Brown by Guilford, &c. 

Geneva, N. Y. C. A. Williamson. 

COMET, ch. by Tayloe's Yorick, dam by Ranger, g. dam by Dove, g. g 

dam by Tasker's Othello, &,c. John Brown. 
ch. h. by Old Janus, &,c. 

1792. J.Lewis. 

CONSTANTIA, gr. f [by Imp'd] Messenger, dam Betty Bell. 

Thomas M. Foreman. 
CONSTANTIA, b. m. [by Imp'd] Whip, dam by imp'd Bedford— imp'ci 

Shark, Wormley King Herod, &c. 

1814. D. H. Allen. 

CONSTELLATION, ch. c. by Thornton's Ratler, dam Nettietop. 

L. Berklev 

dk. ch. by American Eclipse, dam Olivia- 

29* 



332 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

CONSUL, by First Consul, datu [by Imp'd] Aracohen, Messenger, a Bashavr 

mare, &c. 
Mare, by First Consul, dam [by Imp'd] Obscurity, g. dam 

Moll by Grey Figure, &.c. 

1827. 
CONFESSOR, (Specuhior,) by Shark, dam Fluvia by Partner out of the 

dam of Oracle, &c. 
CONGAREE, ch. c. by Kosciusko, dam full sister to Sally Taylor. 
CONTENTION, by Sir Archy, dam a Dare Devil mare, &c. 
CONTRACT, [Imp'd] ch. h. by Cotton out of Eliza Leeds, dam Htlen by 

Hamiltonian, gr. dam Drowsey by Drone, g. g. dam Mr. Goodrich's 

Old English mare, &c. 

New-York, 1829. William Jackson. 

CONVENTION, by Sir Charles, dam by Sir Alfred, Florizelle, Bedford, 

&c. 

_ b, h. b. Vii^inian dam, 

■yVm. H. Minge. 
CONSTITUTION, by Diomede dam, (dam of Timoleon,) [by /m;)'rf] Sal- 
tram — Old Wildair, &c. 
CONQUEROR, b. h. [by Imp'd] Wonder, (Cripple) his dam by Saltram— 

Dare Devil — Pantaloon — Valiant Jumper out of a mare imp'd by 

Mr. John Bland. A. J. Davie. 

CONTEST, ch. c. by Contention, dam Fairy by Sir Alfred. 

Petersburg, Va. William Haxall. 

. b. h. by Virginian, dam by Constitution, Bay Yankee, [Imp'dl 

Diomede, &,c. 

Mecklenburg, Va. T. Young. 

COPPER BOTTOM, c. c. by Sir Archy, dam by Buzzard, g. dam, dam of 

Betsy Richards. 

Edward Parker. 
COPPER HEAD, by Kosciusko out of a Whip mare, g. dam by Buzzard- 
Grey Diomede, &c. 
COQUETTE, by Sir Archy, dam Bet Bounce by Sir Harry. 

Virginia, (See Virginia Coquette.) 

CORA, by Bedford, dam Little Moll by Medley. 

J. Tayloe. 
by Dr. Brown's Godolphin, dam by Charles Fox, g. dam oy 

Hall's Eclipse, &«. 

G. W. Peter. 



-by Obscurity dam. 

-ch. 111. full sister to Virago and Nettle by Wildair by Ajax. 



CORIANDER, by Diomede, dam by Shark. 

Wm. B. Hamlin. 
CORNELIA VANHORNE, ch. f by Wares' Godolphin, dam Sally Bax 

ter, &c. 
CORNELIA, by Chanticleer, dam by Old Celer. 

John Randolph. 
Bkdford, by the Duke of Bedford, (he by Bedford) dam Pi 

lot by Old Quicksilver. 
CORNET, by Old Yorick, dam by Ranger, Sic 
CORNWALLIS, bv Florizelle, dam out of Edelin's Floretta 
CORMORANT, [Imp'd] h. h. by Woodpecker, his dam Nettletop by Squii 

rel — Bajazet — Regulus — Lonsdale Arabian — Darby Arabian, &,c 

Foaled, 1787. 

Virginia, 1800. John Hoomes 

CORSICA, b. c. by John Richards, dam Selima by Topgallant. 

PhUip Wdllis. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 333 

CORPORAL TRnVl, ch. by Sir Archy, dam by Old Diomede, gr. dam by 

Wildaif, Apollo, Partner, &.c. 

^ J. Powell. 

CORPORAL CASEY, ch. c. by Virginius, dam Josephine by Bland's Bed 

ford, &c. 

■|82(j. J- •'• Moo;«. 

COSSACK, b. c. by Marion, dam Camilla by Timoleon, 

^ C. Manly 

COTTAGE GIRL, ch. f. by Am. Eclipse, dam Agnes by Sir Solomon. 

Sold to T. Harrison, Boston. 
COUNT BADGER, ch. c. by American Eclipse, dam by Hickory. 

Boush. 

COUNT BERTRAM), b. h. by Old Bertrand (of South Carolina) dam 

Cortstantia [by Imphf] Whip. 
FiPfR, ch. c. by iMarsiial Duroc, dam [by Imp''d] Expedition, 

g. dam by imp'd Royalist. 

Daniel Holmes. 
COUNTESS, ch. m. by Ridgley's Yoimg Oscar, dam oy Little Bay Post 

Boy, and out of the Mountain Filly, &c. 
COWSLIP, [Imp'd] by Virtumnus, dam by a son of Latham's Snap, g. da m 

Clementine, &lc. 

bv Bedford, dam [/»?/)'(/] Hackaboiit, ifcc. 

CRAB, Ump^d] ch. fifteen and a half hands high by Old Fo.v, his dam the 

VVariock Galloway by Snake, &,c. 

Foaled, 1739. 
CREMONA, b. f by Spread Eagle, dam Gasteria. 
CRAZY JANE, b. m. by Rob Roy, dam Josephine, &c. 
, J. Lewis. 
by Allen's Skyscraper, dam a Cincinnatus mare, g. dam b_v 

Galloway's Selim. 
CRAWFORD, [Imp'd'] gr. h. bred by the Duke of Cumberland, and got by 

his Arabian. 

Covered in Va. in 1762. Robert Ruffin. 

CRAWLER, b. h. by Highflyer, his dam Harriet by Old Matchem, &c. 

Tennessee. 
CRUSADER, by Sir Archy, dam Lottery by Bedford. 

South Carolina, 1830. 
CUB, [Imp'd] ch. h. fifteen hands three inches high, bred by Mr. Grenville, 

got by Old F"ox, his dam Warlock Galloway — Curwen's Bay Barb 

&c. Foaled, 1739. 
— Mare, [Imp'd'] by Cub a son of Fox, her dam by Torismond, 

son of the Bolton Starling, her g. dam by second brother to Snip, &c. 

1767. Delancv. 

CUB, (called Old,) b. h. by Yorick by Silver Legs out of Moll Brazen, &,c. 

Westmoreland, Va. Daniel McCarthy. 
Mare, b. m. [by Imp'd] Figure out of imp'd Cub mare, (kille.l 

running a race.) 

J. L. Gibson. 
CUMBERLAND, gr. h. by Pacolet, dam Virginia by Dare Devil. 

James Jackson. 
CUPBEARER, b. h. by Bedford, dam Louisa by Harris' Eclipse. 

John Tayloe. 

by Florizelle, dam by B^llair. 

CURTIUS, by Diomede, dam by Bedford, g. dam by Patriot. 
CUT LEG, ch. f by Gracchus, dam Everlasting. 

IRJS. JohnRanaolpa 



334 AMERICAN STUD BOOK 

CUPID OSCAR, b. h. by Edelin's Oscar, jun. dam by Thornton's Mcrciwy, ' 

g. Ham by Bowie's Sportsman, &c. 

Pr. Geo. Maryland, 1827. Thomas N. Baden. 

CYPRON, b. m. by Van Tromp, dam Miss Madison by Liirciier. 
CYPRUS, dap. gr. by Smiling Tom, dam by Silver Legs, (the dam of 

McCarthy's Cub.) 
CVPHAX, by Janus out of an [Tmp'd] Mare. 

Jas. City, Va. 1775. John Walker. 

CYGNET, by Cor-.torant out of Blossom. 

Turner Dixon. 

D. 

DABS PER, [Tynp'd] by Hobgoblin— Spanker— Hautboy, &.c. 

Imp'd 1741. 
DARE DEVIL, [Imp'd] b. h. by Magnet, dam Hebe by Chrysolite out of 
Proserpine sister to Eclipse, &-c. 
Foaled, 1787. 

Young, [hi/ Imp''d] Dare Devil, dam by a son of Old Partner 
out of a mare which was got by an imp'd horse. 
New Kent Cy. Va. 1802. John Clnpton. 

Mare, [by linp''d] Dare Devil, dam Sallard's old mare b) 



Wildair, g. dam PicadiUa by Bait & Macklin's Fearnought, 

Irby. 

Mare, [hy Imp''d] Dare Devil, dam Trumpeter. 

J. Hoom&s. 
DAIRY MAID, by Bedford, dam Racket by Medley. 

s. m. by Sir Hal, dam [by Imp''d] Oscar, g. dam by Old Dio 
mede — Bellair, &c. 

J. M. Botts. 
DAFFODIL, by Dare Devil, dam Celerima. 

T. C. Nelson. 
DAMON, dk. ch. h. by Old Celer — Babraham — thorough bred Janus mare, 
&,c. 

b. by Janus (by Fearnought) dam bj- Old Fearnought out of 

an [Imp''d] mare Steady Sally. 

1781. John Baylor. 

DAME PRESLEY, b. m. by Carolinian, dam Miss Dance. 
l).\PHNE, by Figure, (by Yorick) dam an Ebony mare. 
DAPPLE JOHN, by Lloyd's Traveller— [/m;;'</] Janus— imp'd mare. 
D.\RIUS, dap. b. h. [by Imp'd] Jolly Roger— Baylor's Old Shock out of a 
thorough bred imp'd mare. 
Foaled, 1767. 
DaRT, ch. m. by Diomedon— Old Celer— Old Warning— Old Spadille, 
&c. out of a thorough bred mare. 
1815. (Crippled.) 
DARLINGTON, [Imp'd] b. h. by Clothier, dam by Highflyer, Little John, 
&c. 
Mecklenburg, Va. J. Goode. 

• Mare, by Darlington, dam byClodius, g. dam by Bolton, g. g. 

dam Sally Wright, &.c. 

J. Tayloe. 
-Mare, dk. Iron gr. [by Imp'd] Darlington — Hart's Medley — 



tnorough bred mare by imp'd Justice, &,c. 
DA^lDy [I inp'd] b. h. by the Gower Stallion, dam by Fox Cub — Young 
True Blue out of the sister of Pelham's Little George, &c. 175fi 
Little, (See Little David.) 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 335 

DARNING NEEDLE, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam [by Imp''d\ Diomeoe. 

Foaled, 1813. E. WaiJield. 

DASHER, gr. c. Iiy C'iiiciiinatiis, dam Shrewsbury Nan. 

Maryland. Tlios. M. Forman. 

DASH ALL, br. h. by Sir Arch}', dam Meg Dodds. 

Reeds, Camlme Vy. " Messrs. Corbin's. 

DAUPHIN, b. by Lloyd's Traveller, dam by Old Figure, gr. dam by Dove, 

&c. 

Chas. Cy. Maryland, 1783. 
DEFIANCE, br. h. by Floriz.elle, dam Miss Dance by Roebuck. 

J. Tayloe. 
DE KALB, b. h. by .Arab, dam by Virginian, g. damPrudentia by Sliylork. 

SouUi Carolina, 1832. A. R. Ruffin. 
br. c. by Kosciusko, dam Virginia Coquette. 

1825. J- Ferguson. 

DESDE.MONA, by Dare Devil, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 

1800. J. Tayloe. 
b. m. by Miner's Escape, dam by Dare Devil, gr. dam by 

Mask. 

1819. E. G. VV. Butler, 

-gr. f. by Comet, dam Kitty Fisher by Oscar. 



1792. Ramson Davis, 

-br. ch. m. by Virginius, dam Miss Fortune [by Im])''d\ Star, 



g. dam Anvelina. 
1818. 
DELEGATE, ch. c. [by Imp^d] Valentine, dam Cornelia Van Home, fee. 

1831. T. M. Forman. 

DELILAH, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Herod, &c, 

Jas. L. G. Baker. 
DEMOCRAT, b. h. by Grey Diomede, dam by Hall's [Imp^d] Eclipse, g. 
dam by Don Carlos. 

Walter Bowie. 

bl. c. by Morgan's Shakespeare, dam Shrewsbury Nan, (.n. 

Cecil Cy. 1794. T. M. Forman. 

DEPRO, by Bay Baronet, dam [/m/j'rfj Crop. 
DE WITT CLINTON, ch. h. by Ratler, dam (Flirt's dam) by Dviroc, g. 

dam by Baronet. 
DIAMOND, [Imp'd] by Hautboy, son of Old Fox, &.c. 

Alex. Spotswood. 
DIANA, gr. f. by Galatin, dam by Clio [by Imp\i] Whip. 
1317. 

b. m. by Claudius, dam Sally Painter. 

br. m. by Tayloe's Hamiltonian, dam by Bowie's Bellaii — 

Irish Grey, itc. 

Lexington, Kentucky, 1821. E. Warfield. 

-by First Consul dam, dam of Marshal Ney, g. dam by Mes- 



senger, g. g. dam by Figure. 

by Americus (i)y Shark,) oam Minerva by Bellair. 

[by Imp^d'] Sterling, dam one of Col. Willis' best mares. 

Col. Davies, 
DIANA VERNON, br. b. m. by Ratray, dam Cora [hy lmfd\ Carlo out ol 
Pandora. 

Maryland, 1817. James Parker. 

DIANORA, b. {.[by Imp'd] Expedition, dam Betsy Bell. 
DICK DASHALL, ch. c. by Diomede, dam Shark mare. 

J. Hoomes, Juu 



336 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

DICTATOR, [by Tmp^d] Mexican, dam by Imp'd Flimnap, g. dam Imp'd. 

Bouiiht at the Duke of Bridgwater's sale in 1 762. 

P^)aied, 1790. Gen. John McPherson. 

Z)1D0, gr. f. (bred by J. Hoomes) by Coeur de Lion, dam Araminda by 

IVIedley, g. dam by Bolton. 

1798. 
• by Gen. Morris' [Iinp''d'\ Bay Richmond, dam Slamerkin by 

Wildair. 

-b. f. by Coeur de Lion, dam Poll by Eclipse. 



1804. 

Dl VERNON, by Old Florlzelle, dam by Ogle's Oscar, g. dam by Hero, 
&c. 

• Diana, by Sir William, dam Lady Burton. 

DINVVIDDIE, b. h. by Diomede, dam by Wildair, gr. dam by Apollo — 
Partner — Fearnought, &,c. 
1804. Dr. Wm. Cutler. 

DION, [/m/i'(/] by Spadille, dam Faith by Pacolet, gr. dam Atalanta by 
Matchem — Lass of the Mill by Oronooko — Old Traveller, &c. 
1795. J. Hoomes. 

Mare, b. m. [by /m/>'(/] Dion — Highflyer — Apollo— Old Jolly 

Roger, &,c. 

Halifax, Va. 1806. J. Sims. 

DIOMEDE, [Iinp''d] ch. h. by Florizelle, dam by Spectator, g. dam sister 
to Horatio by Blank — Flying Childers — Miss Belvoir by Grey Gran- 
tham — Paget's Turk — Betsy Percival by Leed's Arabian. (Died in 
1807, 30 years old.) 

(Batt's,) [by Imp''d] Diomede, dam Mulga by Wildair. 

Eagle, br. c. [by Imp''d'] Eagle, dam Chesnut Mare by Dio- 
mede, gr. dam by Alderman — Wildair, (fee. 
1814. J. Wickham. 

■ (Thornton's,) by Ball's Florizelle, dam [by Irnp''d'\ Whip, gr. 

dam by Topgallant, &c. 

— r- Thornton. 

Mare, b. [by Imp''d] Diomede, dam by Gimcrack, (alias Ran- 
dolph's Roan.) 

Buckingham Cy. Va. 1815. Edw. Curd. 

-Mare, b. by Ragland's Diomede — [ImpH] Dron — Imp'd High- 



flyer — Apollo, (fee. 

1816. J. Sims. 

Grey. (See Grey Diomede.) 

-b. m. [by Imp''d] Diomede — Darlington — Old Medley — Clock 



fast, ifec. — thorough bred mare by Imp'd Justice, (fee. 

Jas. Gowan. 
(Second,) gr. [by Jmp''d] Diomede, dam by Imp'd Clockfkst 

—Old Partner— Old Regulus, &,c. 

Cumberland Cy. Va. Wm. Randolph. 

DIOMEDA, [by Lup^d] Diomede, dam Imp'd Janette. 
DIOMEDIAN, by Am. h. Saltram, (son of [/m/rf] Diomede,) dam by Hen- 

drick's Celer, (son of Old Celer. ) 
DIRECTOR, ch. by Sir Archy, dam Meretrix by Magog. 

Young. (See Young Director.) 

DIRECTRESS, ch. m. by Director, dam by Old Potomac, g. dam by Gim- 
crack, (fee. 

1822. Jackson. 

DOGTO , b. c. by Pacotaligo, dam Virginia, (Coquette.) 

1819. J. Ferguson. 

DOLLY FINE, by Old Silver Eye, nam [by Imp'd] Badger— Forester, &c. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 337 

DOLLY PATMAN, ch. by Sir Alfred, dam by Tom Tough, g. dam DJ 

Kellis by Dandridge's Fearnought. 
nOLLA BELLA, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Bay Doll. 

1825. J. Randolph. 
DON CARLO.S, [by Imp'd] Valentine, dam Fenella by Silver Heels. 
b. h. [by Imp''d] Figure, dam Primrose by Dove. 

1780. Dr. Hamilton. 

DON JUAN, ch. c. by Timoleon, dam Rosemary [by Imp''d] Diomede. 

by Rattler, dam by Oscar, g. dam by Medley. 

Dr. Thornton. 
DONGOLAH, by Mark Anthony, dam Nancy Bell by Fearnought, g. dam 

Miss Bell! 
DOMINICA, gr. h. [by Tmp^d] Dove — Regulus — American horse Othello — 

thorough bred Imp'd mare. 
DORA, b. f. by Kosciusko, dam Josephine. 

1825. John S. Moore. 

DORACLES, [by Imp'd] Shark, dam by Clockfast. 
DOTTRELL, [imp''d] g. fifteen and a half hands high, got by Changelii'ig, 

his dam by a son of Wymi's Arabian. 

Foaled, 1750. Westmoreland Cy. Va. 1766. Philip L. Lee. 

DOUBTLES.S, by Fitz Diomede, (son of Diomede,) dam by Picture, g. 

dam by Sweet Surry by Spa(lille. 

G. P. Tayloe. 
DOUBTFUL, b. f by Spread Eagle, dam Medley mare. 

John Hoomes. 
DOVE, [Imp''d] gr. by Young Cade, dam by Teazer out of a Gardiner 

mare, &c. 

1762. Dr. Hamilton. 

DOUCE DAVIE, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Cornelia. 

1825. J. Randolph. 

DRAGON, [Tmp'd^ by Woodpecker, dam Juno by Spectator, Horatio by 

Blank,— Childers— Miss Belvoir, &c. Died 1812, aged 25 years. 

John Hoomes. 
[by Imp'd] Dragon — Truxton — Barry's Grey Medlev — Stern 

— Pill!;arlic, itc. 
DREADNOUGHT, ch. c. [by Imp^d] Expedition, dam Tulip. 

Thos. M. Forman. 
DRIVER, [Imp'd^ b. h. by Driver, dam by Lord Ossary's Dorremont, g. 

dam bv Old King Herod — Sliephard's Crab — Miss Meiedith bj 

Cade. Foaled, 1794. 

Washington City. Dr. W. Thornton. 

DRUID, [Imp'd] ch. near sixteen hands high by PmSos, (son of Eclipse,; 

his dam IVIaid of the Oaks by king Herod — Matchem — Snap — Ro 

gulus, itc. 

Foaled, 1790. CISOO) John Hoomes. 

DUETTA, by Silver Tail, dam Vanity by Celer. 
DUBIOUS, b. c. by Bertrand, dam Darning Needle, &c. 

1829. 
DUNGANNON, [Imp\r\ b. h. by Dungannon, dam by Conductor — Fhjt 

bv S(juirrel — Helen by Blank — Crab out of Old Partner's sister. 

179J. J. Tayloe 
by Bedford, dam by Coeur de Lion, g. dam by Medle}'. 

1803. 
DUFF GREEN, (Cage's Colt) ir. gr. by Pacolet, dam by Royalist, gr. dam 

bv Bompard, (son of Obscuritv,) Piligarlic, &c. 
DUKE OF BEDFORD, [hy Imp'd] Bedford, dam I'ilot by Quicksilver 
DUKE OF Ll.MBS, (Experiment) Ijy Highflyer. J. Hoome? 



338 A.MERICAN STUD BOOK. 

DUKE CHARLES, ch. c. by Kosciusko, dam by Financier. 

J. J. Harrison. 
DUROC, ch. h. [hy Imp''d1 Diomede, dam Amanda by Grey Diomede, &c. 
Died 1826. 
Powliatan Cy. Va. 1810. Wade Mosby. 

b. h. by Old Duroc, dam by Florizelle — Gabriel — Bedford, 

&c. 
DUTCHESS, [Imp'd] b. m. bred by the Duke of Grafton, got by Grouse son 
of Highflyer out of Georgiana, own sister to Conductor by Matchem 
— Babrahani — Partner, &,c. 
1801. John Randolph. 

by Bedford, dam Thresher [by Imp'd] Shark — Twigg, &,c. 

R. R. Johnson. 

by Hero, dam by Brutus, g. dam by Tarquin — Old Prince, &.C. 

Rich. Rapley. 
DUMPLING, ch. f by Gracchus, dam Everlasting. 

1818. John Randolph. 

DUTIFUL, ch. f by Sumpter, dam Miss Haggin. 

E. Warfield. . 

E. 

EAGLE, [/m/'V] b. sixteen hands high, got by Volunteer (a son of Eclipse) 
out of a Highflyer mare, her dam by Engineer — Cade — Lass of the 
Mill by Traveller — Miss Matchless — Partner — Woodcock, (fee. 
Foaled, 1796. Whitby, Va. 1812. S. S. Saunders. 

_ b. h. [by Imp''d] Eagle, dam Iris by Imp'd Sterling. 

J. Lewis. 



br. b. by Spread Eagle, d<am Arminda, &c. 



1801. Sold to Mr. Alston, S. C. J. Hoomes. 

-b c. hy Volunteer, dam by Highflyer — Engineer — Cade, &c. 



Foaled, 1796. 

-br. b. by Old Sir Solomon, dam Aurora by Honest John, gr. 



dam Zelippa [by Imp''d^ Messenger. 
New Jersey. Stephen Hunt. 

-c. by Spread Eagle, dam Spadille. 



EBONY YoiNu, [Inp''d]. (See Young Ebony.) 

1762. 
EBONY, [by Imp'd] Othello, datn Imp'd Selima. 

Virginia. Brent. 

— — dk. br. by Roanoake, dam Jet. 

1829. J. Randolph. 

E.\STER, ch. f by Gohanna, dam by Napoleon, g. dam by Sir Harry— 

Diomede, &.c. 

1829. Thos. Graves. 

ECHO, ch. f by American Eclipse, dam Maria Slamerkin. 

1825. 
EC;ONOiMY, b. c. by Old Rattler, dam by Topgallant— Bedford— Primrose, 

&.C. 

Wm. Cleveland. 
ECLIPSE AMERICAN. (See American Eclipse,) &,c. 
ECLIPSE, Harris' b. h. [by Imp'd] Fearnought, dam an Imp'd mare by 

Shakspeare, ifec. 

Died 1 790. Raised by John Baylor. 
M.ARYLAND, dk. ch. h. by American Eclipse, dam Lady oi 

the Lake, g. dam Maid of the Oaks. 

Cult. 1829. Samuel Briscoe. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 339 

ECLIPSE, Southern, ch. h. by Northampton, dam by First Consul — Grey 
Diomede — Old Ebony, &.c. 

William Thornton. 

■ Coles', ch. sor. h. [by Imp^d] Obscurity, dam by Apollo, er. 

dam by Old Valiant— Try All, &,c. 

Prince George Cy. 1 796. Wm. Cole. 

-[by Inip^d] Eagle, dam Lauretta by imp'd Bedford, cSrc. 



Kentucky, 1825. Lewis'Sheely. 

—Herod, [by Imp^d] Driver, dam imp'd Miss Bennington. 



Washington City, 1803. Wm. Thornton. 

Virginia, (See Virginia Etlipse.) 

-OF THE West, b. h, by Duroc, dam [Imp'd] Moggy S]anierki.n, 



&c. 

Warren, Ohio, 1825. 
■ —— LiGHTKOOT, bl. c. by American Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfoot, 

&c. 1825. 

• by Virginius, dam Anvelina- 

1^1-- J. B. Richardson. 
Mare, dk. bay by Harris' Eclipse— Black and All Black— Old 

Mark Anthony, &c. thorough bred mare. 

Halifax Cy. N. C. 1797. V^aughan. 

NoRTHER.N-, [Imp^d] by O'Kelly's Eclipse, dam AmyriUis bj 

Adolphus, &c. 

Foaled, 1770. Annapolis, 1780. Wallace &, Muire. 
—[fmp^d] ch. was got by O'Kelly's famous Eclipse, darn l^liebe 

full sister of Apollo — Phebe by Regulus, her dam by Cottinghain, g. 

dam by .Snake, &c. 

Prince Ceorge Cy. Richard B. Hall. 

EFFIE DEANS, b. ni. by (Farmer's) Florizelle, (by Bali's Florizelle,) dam 

by Clockfast, gr. dam by Jones' Coeur de Lion — Robin Redbreast- 
Dare Devil, &c. 
ELECTION, c. c. by Spectator, dam Fairy by Bedford. 

1811. J. Hoomes. 

ELEGANT, [by Imp'd] Fearnought, dam by Bellair— Wildair, &.c. 
ELIZA, ch. in. by Bagdad, dam Mellwood by Topgallant. 

Tennessee. L. J. Polk. 

[by Imp'd] Bedford, dam imp'd Mambrino, &c. 

• ^b. f. by Justice, dam Nancy Dawson. 

1^03. James Fergusor.. 

■ ch. m. by Timoleon, dam by Sir Allied (the dam of Waxev 

&c.) 

Red House, N. C. J. W. Jeffries. 

Adams, by Hornet, dam [by Imp'd] Jack Andrews. 

W. H. Minge. 

Reiley, b. f. by Sir Archy, dam Bet Bounce. 

Dr. J. Minge. 

Splotch, g. f by Sir Archy, dam by Diomede. 

— Walker, b. f by American Eclipse, dam by Moore's Sir Ar- 



chj', g. dam Jenny Dean.s. 

-White, b. f by Sir Archy, dam by Diompde. 



. Wharto.n, b. by Director, dam by Bedford — Proserpnie cy 

Dare Devil. 

Drake, ch. f. by Shawnee, dam by Sir Archy. 

John White, (of Jackson 
ELIZABETH, by Sir Archy, dam by Robin Redbreast. 

Gen. Wynne 
• b. m. by Alfred out of the dam of Sally Hornet by Hornei. 

30 



340 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

ELVIRA, ch. f. by Bedford, dam Virginia Sorrel. 

(Sold to H. King.) J. Tayloo. 

EMIGRANT, bv Carolinian, dam Pet by St. Tammanv. 
EMPRESS, [by Imp'd] Baronet, dam by Old Messenger— Snap — True 

Briton, &,c. 

Flatbush, Long Island. 
ENDLESS, ch. f. by Gracchus, out of sister to Everlasting. 

1819. J. Randolph, 

ENTERPRISE, b. h. by Diomede, dam Forlorn Hope. 

Henry Macklin. 
by Florizelle, dam by Saltrara, (the dam of Tinioleon and 

Constitution.) 

-(See Grey Diomede.) 



ENGINEER, ch. [bylmp^d] Eagle, dam by imp'd Archduke out of imp'd 

Castianira, &,c. 

Broadnax. 

EQUA, ch. m. [hy Imp'd] Chance, dam by Republican President, g. dam 

by imp'd Figure — Dove, &,c. 

1815. Isaac Duckett. 

EQUINOX, ch. c. [by Imp'd] Baronet, dam Tulip. 

1799. T. M. Forman. 

ERIEL, (or Ariel,) gr. m. by Am. Eclipse, dam Empress by Financier. 
ESCAPE, (or Horns,) [linp''d] ch. h. fifteen and a half hands high, was got 

by Precipitate, liis clam by Woodpecker, his g. dam by Sweet Brier, 

out of the dam of Buzzard by Dux — Curiosity by Snap — Regulus, 

Foaled, 1798. John Hoomes. 

N. B. Escape was called Horns in England, under which narae he 
raced. 

c Miner's, \by Imp'd] Escape, dam by imp'd Bedford, g. dam 

imp'd Gasleria. 

M.\ue, ch. bred by Dr. Thornton in 1821 by Miner's Escape, 



dam Young Adeline by Topgallant 

Irvine 

-OF THE West, by American Eclipse, dam Moggy Slamican. 



Courtland Cy. N. Y. Ebenezer Hopkins. 

by Timoleon, dam by Sir Harry, g. dam by Old Diomede. 

Bobert Saunders. 

ETHIOPIA,bl.m.byTayloe'sBedford(by Bedford) dam by I'otSos, who was 
by Old Medley out of a Conductor mare, g. dam Celer, &c. 

EVELINA, by Phenomenon, dam by Regulus, g. dam by Lindsay's Ara- 
bian, (fcc. 

EUDORA, b. m. [by Imp^d] Dragon, dam by imp'*"' Clifden, g. dam by Flag 
of Truce — Goode's Brimmer 

H. Baldwin, jun. 

EXILE, ch. c. by Coeur de Lion, dam oyren Silver, g. dam Caroline by 
Eclipse, &,c. 
Davidson, Tennessee. 1806. 

EXPECTATION, (See Galatin.) 

EXPEDITION, or Ballinamuc, [Imp'd] fifteen hands, three and a half in- 
ches high, was got by Pegasus, his dam Active by Woodpecker, gr 
dam Laura by Whistlejacket, g. g. dam Pretty Polly by Staring. 
Foaled, 1795. J. Humphreys. 

EXPRESS, [Imp'd] was got by Postmaster out of a Cypron mare, g. daiH 
by Matchem, g. g. dam by Snip, Regulus, &.c. ■ 
Foaled, 1785. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK 341 

F. 

FAIR FLAY, b. c. by Play or Pay, dam Bellaria. 

1802. J. Hoonics. 

.— by Citizen, dam by Merlley. 

Gen. Eaton. 
FAIR FORESTER, b. m. [In/ Imp'd] Chance, Celia by Symmes' Old Wil- 
dair — Lady Bolingbroke, &,c. 

John Baker. 
FAIRFAX, (afterwards called Rattler) by Rattler, dam Laura by Arabarb. 

Imp'd by Col. Lear, an Arabian bor.se. 
F.MR MAID, by First Consul, dam Jane Lowndes, by Driver. 
FAIR R.\CHEL, by Diomede, dam Susan Jones by Old Shark, Wildair, 
&c. 

Rosamond, gr. m. by Sir Archy, dam Forlorn Hope. 

H. Macklin. 
FAIRY, by Sir Alfred, dam [//n/j'rf] Promise. 

b. in. by Tom Tough, dam [by Imp'd] Archibald — Lothario — 

Whig, &c. 

by Herod, dam by Diomede — Gimcrack, &,c. 

Joseph Bailey. 
-by Bedford, dam Mambrino by Mambrino full sister of bai- 



lor's Sally. 

Foaled, 1797. A. Spotswood. 

FAIR STAR, b. f by Torpedo, dam Betsy Wilkes. 

Foaled, 1831. G. A. Blaney, U. S. A. 

FANNY, ch. f. by Coeur de Lion, dam Fanny Foster by Wildair. 

Tennessee, 1808. 
FANNY FOSTER, ch. by Old Wildair, dam by Old Partner— Old Fear- 
nought—Old Jolly Roger, &,c. 

N. Carolina, 1795. John Foster. 

• Murray, g. f. own sister to Miss Peyton. 

1814. John Randolph. 

Cole, br. b. by Francisco, dam Sting by Jack Andrews. 

Benjamin Harrison. 



Fairmaid, ch. m. by Rob Roy, dam Fairmaid by First Con- 
sul, &c. 

-Hill, ch. f by Sir William, dam Diomede mare by Ragland'g 



Diomede, &c. 
FANTAIL, br. m. by Sir Archy, dam Sally McGhee. 
FANCY, br. m. by Wilke's Wonder, dam by Mark Anthony, Fearnought, 
&c. 
Tennessee, 1809. J. Sumner. 

by Jubilee, (by Independence,) dam Stella. 

by Independence, (by Atkinson's Featnought) dam by Amen- 

cus— [/mp'ci] Traveller — Monkey, &,c. 

H. Macklin. 
FARMER JOHN, b. c. by Sterling, dam [Mp'd] Janette. 

Richard Hoomes. 
FAVOURITE, [Imp''d] b. m. by Volunteer, dam by Matchem, Dainty Da 
vey— Bayton, &,c. bred by Mr. Fenwick. 
Foaled, 1790. Imp'd 1796. John Hoomes. 

• by Old Fearnought dam. 

Gen. Jones 

"- (Old) by Bellair, dam by Bedford, Pantaloon, &,c. (Wycho's.j 

F. Thornton, (of Waricn.) 



342 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

TAYETTE, by Fitzbugh's Regulus, dam by Othello, [Imp''d] Juniper, Mer- 
lon's Traveller, &,c. 

Charles City Cy. Va. 1788. Presley Thornton. 

FEARNOUGHT, [/m//V/] br. bay, fifteen hands three inches high got by 

Regiihis, (who was by the Godolphin Arabian) dam Silver Tail oy 

Heneagiie's Whitenose, her dam by Rattler, &.c. 

Died 1776, aged 21 years. J. Baylor. 

Drandriges, [by Imp^d'] Fearnought, dam . 

Bath Si- Macki.in's, [by Imp^d] Fearnought, dam an imp'd 

mare, bought of the widow of Col. Mail near Norfolk, &c. 

VVick^ford, Va. 1777. Edwacds. 

FEATHER, ch. f by Rattler, dam Marianna. 

Fred. Cy. Va. 1827. B. F. Whiting. 

FEDERALLST, by Lath, dam by Old Fearnought out of Col. Tasker's S'e 

lima, raised by J, Tayloe. 

J. Pryor. 
FENELLA, by Silver Heels, dam Black Merino by Vintzun — Coiiiet — Don 

Carlos — Old Figure, &.C. 

EasK)n, Maryland. G. S. Winder. 
ch. ni. by Smith's Alfred, dam by Dungannon — Nimrod— 

[Imp^d] Hamilton — Ball's Florizelle, &c. 

-hy Cornet (by Tayloe's Yorick,) dam by Don Carlos. 



Mount Calvert, 1795. John Brown, 

-ch. f by Stockholder, dam Rosetta by Wilke's Wonder. 



FIDELITY, 0. f. by Sir Charles, dam by Sir Alfred— Florizelle— Diomede 

&c. 

Pensa. Edward Parker. 

FIGURE, [/7n/)'(/] b. h. by Grey Figure — Old Figure by an Arabian, his 

dam the dam of Bowie's Cyrus, and got by Young Standout, his gr. 

dam. Old Jason, Young Figure's dam was Marianna dam of Ralph 

Gore's gr. mare. 

1767. Dr. Hamilton. 

. [Imp''d] gr. h. by Standard, dam a Beaufort Arabian mare — 

Lord Brooke's Arabian — Brimmer — Darley's Arabian, &,c. 

Foaled, 1747. 
b. h. by Hamilton's [/m;)'J] Figure, dam Brent's Ebony. 

Mecklenberg, Va. 1777. P. Skepwith. 

YoLNu, (See Young Figure.) 

-by Yorick, dam an Ebony mare. 



FINANCIER, by Tippoo Saib, (who was by Old Messenger) dam by Old 

Messenger — Bashaw, &c. 
FIREFLY, ch. f. by Reigo, dam Shepherdess by Phenomenon. 

Richard Adams. 
Ff RETAIL, [/mp't/] b. by Phenomenon out of Columbine by Espusike's, 

&c. 

1801. Imp'd by Cain & Ray. 

FIREBRAND, [Inip''d] ch. c. by Buzzard out of Fanny, own sister to King 

Fergus the sire of Hamiltonian. 
FIRST CONSUL, by Flag of Truce, dam [by Imp\I] Slender, g. dam imp'd 

Dion by famous Eclipse. 

Philadelphia, 1804-5. John P. Bond. 

FIRST FRUITS, rlk. br. c. by Randolph's Roanoake, dam Cameleon by 

Virginian — Rosetta, &c. 
FITZPARTNER, by Old Partner, dam Brandon [by Imp'd] Aristotle. 

Albemarle, Va. 1800. David Clarkson. 

FI.AGELLATOR, ch. h. by Sea Gull, dam Honesty [by Imp'd] Expedi- 
tion, g. dam by Imp'd Messenger, &,c. John Frost. 



AMERICAN STTIt* BOOK. 343 

FLAG OF TRUCE, (Goode's)byGoldfinder,dambyFliiTinap— Aristotle — 

Fearnought, &c. 

Prince George Cy. Col. Portress. 

FLEETWOOD, b. c. by Washington, nam by Sir Robin, (he by Robin Revi- 

breast,) g. dam by Dare Devil, &,c. 
FLIMNAP, [lmp''d] b. h. fourteen and a half hands high, by South, dam 

Cygnet mare, bred by Sir John Moore, g. dam by Ebony — Childers, 

South Carolina, 1780. Foaled, 1765. 

FLIRTILLA, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Robin Redbreast — Obscurity, &.c. 
Sussex Cy. Va. Wm. Wynne. 

[Imp''d] ch. m. by Virtumnus, O'Kelly's Flirtilla by Squirrel 

— Helen by Blank — Crab — out of own sister to Old Partner. (Died 
1798.) 

J. Tayloe. 

FLORIZELLE, [Imp'cT^ (Helen's) dap. bay sixteen hands high by the noted 
Florizelle, out of a brown mare by Alfred, his g. dam Fairy Queen 
by Young Cade, g. g. dam Black Eyes by Crab out of Warlock, Gal- 
loway by Snake, &lc. [7m;>'rf] 1794 by Helen for Ringgold & Co. 

ch. s. [by Imp\l] Diomede, dam by Iinp'd Shark — Harris' 
Eclipse — Fearnought— Old Jolly Roger. 

Broad Rock, Va. 1806. Wm. Ball. 

-gr. c. by Grey Diomede, dam Louisa by Eclipse. 



Foaled, 1795. J. Tayloe. 

-(Graves') by Old Florizelle, dam by Old Spread Eagle, gr. 



dam by Boxer, g. g. dam by Eclipse — Fearnought, &c. 

Young. (See Young Florizelle.) John M. Burton. 

-Mare, ch. by Ball's Florizelle, dam [by Imp^d] Cripple- 



Wonder— Old Bedford, &c. 

J. Selden. 
FLORIZELLA, br. f. [by Imp'd] Florizelle, dam Betsy Bell. 

Foaled, 1802. Thos. M. Forman. 

(or Grey Tail) by Ball's Florizelle, dam (Dr. Cutler's race 

mare) by Wildair, g. dam by Apollo — Eclipse — Mark Anthony — 
[I?np''d] Partner, &c. 

by Florizelle, dam Black Eyed Susan by Potomac. 



Georgia. Jos. Hester. 

FLORA, by Roanoake, dam [/«/>'</] Lady G. 

. ■ b. m. by Florizelle, dam Miss Dance by Roebuck, g. dam by 

Independence, &c. 

Alex. F. Rose. 

. ch. ni. by Ball's Florizelle, dam Ins. 

J. Lewis, 
-b. f. by Heath's Childers, dam Maggy Lauder. 



Foaled, 1789. T. M. Forman. 

-ch. by Am. Eagle, (by [Imp^d] Spread Eagle,) dam by Imp'u 



Dare Devil, g. dam by True Whig — Regulus, &-C. 
FLOUNCE, g. f by Buzzard, dam Portia. 

Delaware, 1828. Thos. Massey. 

FLORETTA, (Edelin's) [by Imp'd] Spread Eagle, dam by Hall's Unioi;- 

Leonidas— Othello, &.c. 
FLORIDA, b. f by Contention, dam by Francisco — Jack Andrews — Dara 

Devil — Clockfast, &c. 
by Old Rattler, dam Flora by Ball's Florizelle. 

1827. J. Lewis. 

FLOTE, ch. c. by Neal's Archy, (by Old Sir Archy,'' dam Mary Grey. 
30 # L. J. Gist. 



344 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

FLUVIA, by Partner, dam FluvJa by Celer. 

J. Tavloe. 
FLYING DUTCHMAN, b. h. by John Richards, dam by Ec.ipse, g dam 

by Tippoo Saib — [Imp^d] Royalist, &c. 
FLYING CHILDERS, ch. h. by Sir Arcby, dam (the dam of Sumpter,) 
by Robin Redbreast. 

W3'nne. 

FORLORN HOPE, gr. m. by Bellair, dam Fancy by Independence. 

Henry Macklin. 
FORTUNATUS, by Conway's Black and All Black, dam a full bred 
daughter of Tavloe's Yorick. 
Goochland Cy.Va. 1782. 
FORTUNIO, b. c. by Cormorant, dam Broadnax bv Old Janus, <fcc. 

1793. " J. Tayloe. 

FORESTER, ch. h. by Sir Alfred out of a Hornet mare. 

Sold Mr. Powder, Fred. Md. Rich. Craddock. 

f/m/i't/] by Magog, dam by Forester. (Stood in Kentucky, 

1303.) 
FOREST MAID, b. m. (See Maid of the Fcrest.) 
FOSKARI, b. c. by Kosciusko, dam by Whip, gr. dam by Columbus, &-C 

Kentucky. Ed. M. Blackburn. 

FRANCISCO, [by Imp^d] Hambleton, dam Nightingale by Chanticleer — 
Jolly Roger, &,c. 

John Minge. 
FRANKLINA, b. m. by Sir Solomon, dam [by Imp\l] Expedition — Imp'd 
Slender — Gen. Herd's Snap, &,c. 

C. Cruscr. 
FRANCES PUCKETT, b. by Arab, dam by Knowsly, g. dam by Sal- 
tram, &,c. 

Thos. Doswell. 
FREDERICA, by Escape, (Horn's,) dam a thorough bred mare, owned by 
Messrs. Norwoods, Maryland. 

Messrs. Tayloes. 
FREDERICK THE GREAT, br. h. by Young Sir Harrj', (who was out of 
the full sister to Defiance by Old [^Imp^d] Sir Harry,) dam by Hamil- 
tonian — Cormorant, &c. 
FREDERICKSBURG, dk. ch. by Old Gracchus, dam by Friendship— Old 
Paragon — [/mju't/] Bedford, &,c. 

Jefferson Minor. 
FRENZY, by Sans Culotte, dam Minikin. 

J. Randolph. 
FRIENDSHIP, sor. h. by Apollo, (he by Old Apollo,) dam a full bred 
mare, &c. 

1789. Chas. De.wall. 

FROLIC, b. f. by Argus, dam Amazon by Dictator — Statira by Percy — 
Homespun by Romulus, &c. 

Rich. A. Rapley. 

b. f. by Sir Charles' dam. 

J. M. Selden. 
FURJOSO, gr. c. by Dare Devil, dam Medley mare — Bolton — Fearnought, 
&c. 

Manpin. 

'i'YLDE, [Imp^d] br. h. sixteen and a half hands high, by Antonio out cf 
Fadlidinida, she by Sir Peter Teazle, her dam Fanny out of Am- 
brosia by Woodpecker, he by Herod out of Miss Ramsden, she by 
Old Cade, a son of Godolphin Arabian, &c. 
Imo'd 1832. John Avery. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. " 3 15 

o. 

GABR[EL, [/myj] b. h. got by Doremont, dain by Highflyer, g. dam by 
Snap out of the dam of Chalk.stone — Iris — Planet, &,c., slie by 
Shepherd's Cral), her dam Miss Meredith by Cade out of the little 
Hartley mare. Foaled, 1790. 
1799. John Tayloe. 

GABRIELLA, ch. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Bellair. 

1826. J. S. Garrison. 



-b. f by Baronet, dam Temptation. 



1799. Thos. M. Forman. 

GALLENA, alias Madame A'arfleet, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam (a mare 

[Imp'd] by Thos. B. Hill of Halifa.x, N. C.) by Oscar, g. rioin Me- 
lissa, &,c. 
GALLANT, b. h. by Fearnought, his dam Stately by Sober John out of an 

[Imp''d] mare. Robert Taylor. 

GALLATIN, (Expectation) by Bedford, dam Mambrina out of a sister of 

Nailor's Sally, and sold to Col. Alston for $4000. 

1798. * J. Taylor. 

GAMESTER, b. c. by Spread Eagle, dam Sappho by Buckskin. 

1803. Richard A. Rapley. 

GANYMEDE, by Hephestion dam. 

South Carolina. Richard Singleton. 

GARRICK, by Celer, dam by Janus, g. dam the Partner mare, &c. 

Granville, N. C. Chas. Eaton. 

by Americus, dam [/ot/)W] Kitty Fisher. 

Benj. Hoskins. 
GASTERIA, \Imp'd] b. f. by Balloon, (he by Highflyer,) dam a Marsko 

mare— lier dam Cremona by Regulus, &,c. 

1796. 
GASCOIGNE, by Roanoake, dam Lady G. 

1824. J. Randolph. 

GATROMINA, ch. f by Timoleon, dam Nili. 
GAY, by Celer, dam by Old Partner, g. dam by Valiant, Col. Raid's [/«i/)'rfj 

Tryall, &c. 
GAYOSO, b. c. by Rinaldo, dam Orange. 

1829. Thos. Massey. 

GAZELLA, by Bussora, dain Hyacinth. 
GEMIMA, by Bedford, dam [Imp'd] Rachel by Drone. 

Wade Hampton 
GENESIS, b. c. by Sir Archy, dam Henrietta by Sir Hal. 

Bait. 1827. P;,. Wallis. 

GENTLE KITTY, by Young Post Boy, dam Gen. Ridghy's Dairy Maid 

by Bedford. 

by Archibald dam. 

GEORGE ST. (See St. George.) 

GEORGIANA, by Sir Archy, dam Gattellier's mare. 

1826. Wm. Wynne. 

ch. m. by Napoleon, dam Old Poll by Druid. 

E. B. Hicks. 
GESTION, by Spread Eagle, dam Calypso. 

1802. J. Tayloe. 

GIANNINI, bl. b. m. by Burwell's Post Boy— [Imp rfj '..o^.e Chariiit ou. i! 

the Cumming's mare, &;c. 

Granville, N. C. 1809. 
|tIANT,b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Anderson's Twig, {by Old Twig,) g. d 

by Commutation — Eaton's Garrick, &c. 



34G AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

GIFT. (See America.) 

GILES SCROGGINS. by Sir Archy, dam Lady Bedford. 

N. Carolina, 1828. W. B. Moses. 

GIMCRACK, ro. h. by Hart's [Imp'd] Medley, dam by Ariel, &c. 

1788. Peter Randolph. 

GIPSEY, ch. f. by Sterling, dam Hebe, by Dare Devil, g. dam by Old Med- 
ley, &c. 

Hoomes, Farish, & Co. 
b. 111. [hy Imp'd] Bedford, dam by Soldier, g. dam by Inip'd 

Sea Gull, g. g. dam by King Herod, &c. 

1814. Fairfield, Va. Rich. Adams. 

GLIDER, C2nd) b. c. by Glider, dam Temptation. 

1802. Thos. M. Forman. 

GODOLPHIN, [by Imp'd] Diomede, dam Sally Shark by Shark, g. dam 

Betsy Pringle. 

Newmarket, Va. John Baylor. 

• (Dr. Brown's) ch. h. by Godolphin, (by Diomede,) dam (Indian 

Hen) [hy Imp''d] Shark, g. dam by Wormleys or Black Herod, &lc. 

Frederick Cy. James Ware, 

-b. h. [by JmpW] Fearnought, dam Jenny Dismal. 



Dinwiddle Cy. Va. 1777. Thos. Field, 

-by Sprigg's Careless, dam by Selim,g. dam by Panton's Ara- 



bian, &c. 

-Mare, by Godolphin, (by Dinmede,) dam by the Pennsylva- 



nia Farmer, g. dam by Pegasus — Bolton, &,c. Sent to Kentucky. 

John Hoomes. 
GOHANNA, br. b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Merino Evi'e, by Jack Andrews, 

&c. 

1829. Half Sink, near Richmond. John M. Botts. 
GOLD FINDER, by Old Fearnought, dam Kitty Fisher. 
ch. m. by Virginius, dam Miss Fortune, g. dam [Imp'd^ An- 

velina. 
GOLIAH, ch. h. by American Eclipse, dam Lady of the Lake, &c. 

1827. W. Livingston. 

GOLDEN ROD, by Mousetrap, dam Nancy Bell— bred by Gen. Jo)!es. 
GEORGE'S JUNIPER. (.See Juniper George's.) [Imp'd]. 
GOUTY, [/m;>'(/] b. h. five and a quarter feet high, by Sir Peter Teazle, 

his dam the famous yellow mare by Tandem, g. dam Perdila, by 

Herod, Fair Forester by Sloe — Forester — Partner — Croft's bay Barb 

— Makeless — Brimmer, &,c. 

Foaled, 1796. Wm. Rives. 

GRACE, b. f by Roanoake, dam Wildfire. 

1822. John Randolph. 

GRACCHUS, ch. h. by Diomede, dam Cornelia by Chanticleer, &c. 

1806. John Randolph. 
Mare, by Gracchus — [Imp'd] horse Dion — imp'd Highflyer — 

Apollo, &c. 

Halifax, Va. 1818. John Sims. 

GRACE, b. m. by Ravenswood, dam Old Everlasting by Sans Culotte. 

1822. J. Randolph. 

GRAND DUTCHESS, ch. m. by Gracchus, dam [Imp'd] Dutchess. 

J. Randolph. 
GREENSVILLE, g. f by Bedford, dam Arminda by Medley. 

Sold J. Jones, 1803. J. Hoomes. 

(JRECIAN PRINCESS, b. m. by Virginian, her dam Calypso by Bellair, g 

dam Irby's Dare Devil mare, &,c. 

1824. G. W. Jeffriesp 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 347 

GREGORY, ch. hy Giacclius, dam Red Eye, g. dam by Sarpedoii, g. 5. 

dam by Traveller. 
GRENADIER, b. ii. by Wilkes (who was by Old Figure,) dam by bebm— 

Bri'ania, itc. 

Petersburg, 1782. Thomas Eainn. 

GREY MARE, by Slouch, [liy Imp\l] Medley out of a full bred tnare. 

N. B. The dam of the gr. m. was sold by W. A. Lee to Doctor Ir- 
vine. 
GREY ARCHY, by Old Sir Archy, dam by Grey Medley, (son of [/m/jVJ 

Medley,) g. dam by imp'd Messenger, &c. 

Tennessee, 1810. B. Philips. 

GREY DOLL, by Spot, (before he was castrated,) dam by Stirling (son of 

Volunteer) Duetla by Silver Tail. 

John Randolph. 
!\Ieplf.y, (Barry's) by Old Medley, dam by Black and Al" 

Black, g. dam by Bay Bolton — Old Partner, &c. 

N. Carolina. George Williams. 

■Alfred, by Lindsay's Arabian, dam [hy /;«/*'(/] Tom Jones. 
-DioMEDE, gr. h. [by Inp^d] Diomede, dam by J'lag of Truce 



Brimmer — Silver Eye, &c. 

1808. Barksdale. 

-Diomede, or Enterprise, [by Imp^d] Medley, dam by Sloe, f 



dam by Vampire, &,c. 

Sold to J. Tayloe, 1 793. Richard Brooke. 

Be.\rd, by Kosciusko, dam [Imp^d] Psyche. 

R. Singleton. 

Badger, by Eden's [Imp''d] Badger, dam by imp'd Selim. 

Benjamin Ogla, 



Childers, by Medley, dam by Partner. 

Thomas Eaton. 
Orphan, by Orphan, (he by Ball's Florizelle,) dam by Imp'fi 

Diomede, dam of Grey Orphan, Mary Grey. 

John Gist. 
GREYHOUND, gr. [by Imp'd] Spread Eagle, dam Pandora by imp'd Med 

ley, &,c. 

1806. H. T. Thornton. 

GUNNILDA, [Imp''d] got by Star, by Regulus, by the Godolphin Arabian 
GULNARE, gr. f by Duroc, dam Sportmistress. 

Queens Cy. N. Y. 1824. Thomas Pearsall. 

H. 

H.\CKABOUT, [Imp'd] got by Eclipse, dam by Cyphon and sister to Tan- 
dem, g. dam sister to Apollo by Regulus — Snip, &,c. Foaled 1794. 

Imp'd 1798. John Hoonies. 

HAIL STORM, b. h. [hy Imp'd] Pantaloon, dam Wingyfeet by Jolly Ro 

ger, g. (iam Melpomone by Burwell's Traveller, &c. 

Charles Citv, 1802. Fr. H. Dancey. 

HALF PONE, by Rattler, dam Maid of Patuxent by Magie, g. dam Kitty 

Fox, by a son of imp'd Venetian. H. G. S. Key. 

HALL'S UNION, (See Union Hall's.) 
HAMBLETON, or Hamilton, [Imp'd] br. b. si.xteen hands high by Dun 

gannon, his dam by Snap, gr. dam by Blank, Partner, Greyhcund, 

&c. 

Foaled, 1791. Wm. Lighlfoot. 

HAMILTONIAN, or Hamlintonian, ch. 11. by Diomede, dam by Shark, g. 

dam by Spot by Apollo. 

1801. J. TaKio*. 



348 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

HAMLET> b. c. bv Maryland Eclipse, dam Forest Maid. 

Laurenceville, Va. 1830. R. K. Meade 
sor. (ch.') h. by Hall's Eclipse, dam Shepherdess by Chatam, 

(fcc. 

J. H. Harrison. 
H-\NOVER, by Bussora, dam by Sir Archy, &c. 
HANNIBAL, by Sir William, dam Sally Currie. 

1828. J. W. Jeffries. 

HANNAH, b. m. by Moore's Archy, dam by Buchanan's Medley — Old 

Celer — Hector, &c. 
HANDEL, by Coode's Herod, (he by Diomede,) dam by Thornton's Wil- 

dair — Bellair — Symmes' Wildair, &;c. 

H. D. 
HAPHAZARD, bv Collector, dam by Fearnought— Spadilla, &c. 

1805. J. Tavloe. 

HARDINL\ BURNLEY, bl. m. by Old Roebuck, dam by Old Bedford— 

Bellair, &c. 

W. D. Taylor. 
HARMONY, [hy Imp'd] Figure, dam Stella, (the dam of Primrose and 

Thistle) by imp'd Dove. 

Hamilton. 

b. m. by Cragg's Sweeper, dam [by Imp^d] Dove, g. dam Se- 

liina by Othello, &c. 

1784. Walter Bowie. 

HARVEY BIRCH, by Richmond, dam by Sir Alfred. 
HARLEQUIN, ch. h. by Gabriel, dam by Venetian— True Whig— Cub, 

&.C. 

HARPER, by Grey Diomede, dam Polly Peachem. 

1799. J. Tayloe. 

HARRIET, b. f. by Bedford, dam Proserpine. 

1804. J. Hoomes. 

HARWOOD, by Archy, dam Asmoplede by Diomede. 

A. J. Davie. 

HAUTBOY, gr. c. by Gallatin, dam Sappho by Tartar. 
1815. 

HAVMAKER, dk. ch. s. h. [by Imp'd] Clifden, dam Harlot by Hall's 
Eclipse, &c. 

Ajbany, 1829. C. M. Bennett. 

N. B. This horse was bred by Col. Lyles of Maryland. 

HAVOC, c. c. by Sir Charles, dam by Alfred. 

Corbin. 

HAZARD, ch. c. by Tinioleon, dam [by /mju'rf] Royalist, g. dam by Dio- 
mede, &c. 
Tennessee, 1829. John Swinnev. 

HEDGFORD, [Imp'd] br. by Filho da Puta, dam Miss Cragie by Orville, 
g. dam by Lurcher — Phenomenon, &,c. Filho da Puta by Haphaz- 
ard — Wsxey — Woodpecker — Squirrel, &,c. 
Foalco, 1826. Imp'd 1832. Wm. Jackson. 

HEATH'S CHILDERS, (See Childers Heath's.; 

HEBE, b. f. by Florizelle, dam Tartar mare, &c. 

1 794. Dandy Griggs. 

b. f. by Dare Devil, dam Yarico by Medley. 

1796. J. Hoomes. 

HELEN, b. m. [by Imp'd] Medley, dam Diana by Specimen. 

J. Foster. 

HEARTWELL, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Planter, (which was raisea 
by Collier Harrison of Va. sired by Pantaloon.) g. dam by Sultan- 
Sweeper, &.C. H. &. H. S. Wilkinson, 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. ^40 

HENRY, ch. h. by Sir Archy, dam out of Bcllona by Bellair. 

II. a ch. h. by Heniy, dam (the dain of Sir Lovell) [by Imp'd' 

Light Infantry — Imp'd Messenger, &,c. 

Cambridge, N. Y. Edw. Long. 

HENRIETTA, br. m. by Sir Hal, dam Lady Burton. 

1822. J. W. Eppes. 
b. f. by Henry, dam Agnes. 

Bait. 1827. Philip Wallis. 
gr. m. by Sir Archy, dam Forlorn Hope. 



Henry Macklin. 
HEPHESTION, red s. h. by Buzzard, dam Castianira. (Sold for $1400.) 

1809. J. Taykie. 

HEROD, [Imp'd] gr. h. by Young Herod, son of Old Herod out of Lord 

Clermont's Stud, a daughter of Conductor. 

1790. J. Hoomes. 

HIAZIiVI, ch. 0. by Sir Archy, dam Jenny by Archduke. 
HICKORY, ch. h. by Gracchus, dam Everlasting. 

John Randolph. 
br. h. [6y Imp'd] Whip, dam Dido by imp'd Dare Devil, g 

dam by Symmes' Wildair, &c. 

B. Badger. 
HIGHFLYER, [Imp'd] br. by Tattersall's Highflyer, his dam by Cyphon 

out of Young Cade's sister — Old Cade — Partner — Makeless — Brim- 
mer, &,c. 

Foaled, 1784. (South River.) J. Craggs. 
br. b. h. by Wildair, dam by Yorick, g. dam by Fitzhugh's 

Regulus, &c. 

Albemarle Cy. Va. 1802. David Clarkson. 

-ch. c. by Marplot, dam Brilliant mare. 



1795. S.Carolina. William Alston. 

-[by Imp'd] Sir Harry, dam imp'd Pamona. 



Hanover, Va. 1815. Daniel Wade, Jun. 

HIGHFLYER MARE, [by Imp'd] Highflyer— Apollo— Imp'd Jolly Ro- 
ger, &LC. 
1790. Halifax, Va. John Sims. 

HIGHLANDER, [Imp'd] gr. by Bordeaux, his dam (Teetotum) by Match- 
em, g. Ham Lady Bolingbroke by Squirrel, — g. g. dam Cypron, the 
dam of King Herod, &c. bred by Mr. Douglass in England. 
Foaled, 1783. 

b. by Shark, dam Young Selima by Fearnought. 

1 796. Richard Brooke. 

HIPPONA, b. m. by Virginian, dam by Rockingham, (by Florizelle,) g 
dam by Magog by Chanticleer. 
S. Carolina. P. M. Butler. 

b. f. by Roanoake, dam Grand Dutchess. 

1822. J. Randolph. 

HIPPONA, [Imp'd}^ b. f by Sir Peter, dam by Woodpecker, g. dam by 
Sweetbrier out of Buzzard, dam by Dux, &c. 
Foaled, 1802. Gen. McPherson. 

HOMESl^UN, by Romulus, dam Venus by Hero, g. dam Ttipsey by Fear- 
nought. 

HONEST JOHN, [Imp'd] br. b. by Sir Peter Teazle, dam by Magiwt— Le 
Sang— Rib — Mother Western by (Smith's) Son of Snake, &c. Imp'd 
1794. 
Milton, New Jersey, 1806. 

— *— » by Old Messenger, dam Maria Slamerkin. 



350 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

HONEST JOHN, by Tuckaboe, dam Cheboangti [by Imp'd] Arab. 

Bordentown, N. J. 1826. James Davidson 

HONESTY, [by Jmp''d'\ Expedition, dam by imp'd Messenger, g. dam by 

imp'd Bay Richmond, &,c. 

J. H. Vanmeter. 
HONEY COMB, [by Imp'd] Jack Andrews, dam Pill Box by Pantaloon. 

Dr. A. T. Dixon. 
HOPE, [/m/>'d] by Volunteer, imp'd by Dr. Tate of Philadelphia. 

Young, by Diomede, dam Arakookress. 

[by Imp''d] Shark, dam by imp'd Fearnought, g. dam by imp'd 

Monkey, &c. 1788. 

HOPPER BOY, g. [by Imp'd] Messenger, dam the imp'd PotSos marc, &c. 
HORN'S, [Imp'd] (See Escape.) 

HORNET, by Diomede, dam Cade's Primrose by Dove, Cade, &c. 
gr. c. by Bellair, dam by Celer, g. dam by Janus, &c. 
HOTSPUR, by Tinioleon, dam by Sir Archy, g. dam by Old Wildair. 

Christians. 

HUNTRESS, ch. m. by Cherokee, dam [by Imp'd] Buzzard, &.c. 

Kentucky. 
HUGO, ch. c. by Sir Charles, dam [by Imp'd] Chance, g. dam Celia by 

Symmes' Wildair — Lady Bolingbroke, &lc. 

Richard Adams. 
HURRY'EM, [by Imp'd] Precipitate, dam Dixon's Pill Box. 

Messrs. Minges. 
HYDER ALLY, dap. gr. by Lindsay's Arabian, dam by Othello — g. dam 

(an imp'd mare from the Duke of Hamilton's stud) by Spot. 

Foaled, 1782. Dr. Marshall. 

HYENA, br. m. by Young Wonder, (full brother of Nell Saunders) out of 

Rosy Clack, &c. 1820. 

HYPERION, by Diomede, dam Patsy Walthall by Medley, &c. 

I. 

IDIORA, b. m. [by Imp'd] Citizen, dam by imp'd Sea Gull, gr. dam by 
Huntsman — Old Janus, &,c. 

Foaled, 1810. Charles Shields. 

INAUGURAL, b. c. by Arab, dam Jenny by Archduke. 

1829. J. C. Goode. 

INDEPENDENCE, [by Imp'd] Fearnought, dam Dolly Fine, by Old 
Silver Eye, &.c. 

Col. Hickman. 

ch. f by Pacolet, dam Fancy. 

Tennessee. J. Sumner, 

-by Old Potomac— [/»!;>'ij St. Paul — Imp'd Old Diomede — 



Mead's Old Pilgrim, &.C. 

INDUSTRY, br. b. by Sir Archy' dam 

Dixon. 

INDIAN QUEEN, by Pilgrim dam, dam of Belleville, and g. dam of Sir 
William. 

W. Wilkins. 
INDIAN HEN, by Othello, dam by Lloyd's Traveller, g. dam by Figure, 
g. g. dam was imp'd by Mr. Crow of Philadelphia, and was fuil 
sister to Irish Grey, &.c. 

Daffin. 

INDIANA, br. m. by Flonzelle, dam by Thornton's Medley, g. dam b> 
Cragg's Highflyer — Hall Union, &c. 

Messrs. Tayloe. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 351 

INVALID, [Imp''d] by Whisker, dam Hamiltonian, g. dam Susan out o< 
Drowsy by Drone, &c. 

Craig & Corbin 
IRIS, ch. f. by Marplot, dam Nancy Dawson, «tc. 
1795. 

by Punch, dam Beane's Maria. 

' gr f. by Sir Archy dam. 

Wynne. 

gr. f. {hy Imp^d] Sterling, dam by Imp'd Coeur de Lion, g. 

dam Mead's Oracle. 

Loudon, Va. 1830. J. Lewis, 

-ch. f. by Sir William, dam Shepherdess. 



1828. Rich. Adams. 

by Young Baronet, dam by Post Boy (of Kentucity,) out of a 



Snap mare, &lc. 

Rich. Higgins. 

IRVINA, by Virginian, dam Pandora by Bellair, &,c. 

ISABELLA, [Imp^d] dk. br. f. by Trumpeter, dam Demirip, sister to No- 
ble, <Lc. 
1802. Gen. John McPherson. 

• b. m. by Sir Archy, dam Black Ghost [by Imp^d] Oscar. 

b. f. by Roanoake, dam Mexican. 

1825. J. Randolph. 

b. {. by Arab, dam Lady Bedford. 

1827. J. W. Jeffries. 

IVANHOE, b. c. by Virginian, dam Jenny by Archduke. 

1824. J. C. Goode. 

JACK ANDREWS, [Imp' J] b. h. fifteen and a half hands high, by Joe An- 
drews, (son of Eclipse,) his dam by Highflyer— Cardinal Puff — Tat- 
tler — Snip — Godol|)hin Arabian, ic. Foaled, 1794. 
Charles City Cy. Va. Wm. Ligiitfoot. 

JACK THE BACHELOR, [Lnp'd] by Blaze, dam by Gallant— Smiling 
Tom, &.C. 
Foaled, 1753. 

JACK FROST, b. c. by Ranger, dam Betsy Bell. 

Rose Hill, 1799. Thos. M. Forman. 

JACK BULL, bv Gabriel, dam Active by Chatam. 

JAMES FITZJAMES, b. c. by Tariff, dam Noma, g. dam Lady Talman, 
(the dam Kale Kearney and Sussex.) 

Wm. D. Taylor. 

b}' Sir Archy dam. 

Potter. 

JANE, b. ni. [hy Imp''d'\ Knowsley, dam ch. m. Selima. 

Albemarle, Va. Walter Coles. 

JANE SHORE, b. m. bv Sir Archy, dam Fair Rosamond. 

1827. ' Henry Macklin. 

JANETTE, \Imp''d] by Mercury, dam by Highflyer, g. d. by Snip — Regu 
lus, &.C. Foale'd, 1791. 
Imp'd 1798. J. Hoomes. 

b. f by Sir Archy, dam [by Tmp^d] Citizen — Commutation, 

Sec. 

Johnson. 

JANE ALFRED, b. m. by Sir Alfred, dam by Florizelle, g. dam by Oid 
Bedford — Lamplighter, &,c. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 
Grey, b. m. by Orphan Boy, dam by Oscar — [/T/ip'd] Expe- 
dition, &.C. 

31 



352 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

JANE GREY, gr. 1. by Old Slouch, dam Nancy Dawson. 
Lowndes, [by Imp^d] Driver, dam Modesty, g. d. Madge by 

Hall's Union. 
JANUS, [Imp^dl bl. h. fifteen bands one inch high, by Old Stirling — Old 

Crab— Monkey — Basto, Slc. 

Foaled, 1754. Wm. Hynes'. 
[lmp''d] ch. by Janus, dam by Fox — Bald Galloway, &.C. 

Died 1 779-80, aged 34. 

Gloucester Cy. Va. Mordecai Booth. 

,_^__ ch. h. by Sir Archy, dam Frenzy by Sans Calotte. 

Young, b. (See Young Janus.) 

J. Randolph. 



— b. c. by Spread Eagle, dam Broadnax. 



1802. Rich. Hoomes. 

— Mare, ch. by Old ch. Janus, [[mp''d] dam by Dapple John out 



of a full sister to Harlot by Janus. 
JEFF, br. 0. by Stockholder, dam Maria Hill by Oscar. 

Nimrod Porter. 
JEFFERSON, br. h. by Virginian, dam Old Favourite by Bellair, &c. 

1825. J- J. Harrison. 

JENNY, by Archduke, dam [by Imp'd'] Stirling, g. dam by Imp'd Obscuri- 
ty out of Miss Slamerkin. 
JENNY CAMERON, by Lloyd's Traveller, dam Kitty Fisher. 

1785. Wm. Scott. 

„ . . \I^P^'^^ was got by Cuddy, a son of Old Fox, by Miss Bell- 

voir. 

John Tayloe. 
-DisM.iL, [/?«;)'(/] by Old Dismal, he by the Godolphin Ara- 



bian — her dam by Lord Godolphii.'s Whitefoot, &,c. 

Col. Baylor. 
-Deans, ch. m. by Gracchus, dam Cornelia. 



1815. J- Randolph. 

-Deans, br. b. by Virginian, dam by Bainbridge, g. dam by 



Jolly Air, g. g dam by Why Not, &c. 

Wilmington, N. C. W. B. Mears. 
Duteh, by True Briton, dam Quaker Lass by Juniper, g. d. 

[/;«;>'(/] Molly I'acolet, &.C. 
KiLAND, b. m. by Doublehead, (he [by Irnp^d] Diomede,) out 

of Polly Medley— Mark Anthony, &c. 

WiNDFLowER, ch. ui. by Bcmadotte, dam Kate Cole. 

-CocKRACV, ch. in. by Potomac, dam [by Imp''d] Saltram — 



Imp'd Wildair — Driver — Fearnought, &,c. 

1814. Kentucky. E. Warfield. 

JERRY, dap. gr. by I'acolet, dam by Topgallant, g. dam by Grey Medley, 

&c. Col. Elliott. 

JESSICA, b. m. by Shylock, dam [by linp''d] Young Sir Peter Teazle, g. 

dam Castianira, (dam of Sir Archy.) 

Rich. AdaniE. 
JEZEBEL, ch. f by Bedford, dam Miss Chance, &c. 

Messrs. Tayloes. 
JESSAMINE, bx. f. by Dockon, dam Virginia, (Coquette.) 

1324. J. Ferguson. 

JET, bl. f by Bluster, dam Statira. 

1820. J. Randolph 

JEWESS, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Jessica 
JIM CRACK. (See Gim Crack.) 



AMERICAN STOD BOOK 353 

JILT, gr. f by Ajax, dam Nancy Dawson. 1791. 

JIM CARR, br. f. by Forester, dam Forest Maid. 

1831. Rich. 1. Meade. 

JOAN, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Grey Doll. 

J. Randolph. 
JOHN BROWN, ch. by Sir Charles, dam Sally Brown. 
JOLE.Y FRIAR, by Garrick, dam descended from Gilinour's Milk Maid, 

&c. 
JOHN BULL, [Imp^d] ch. by Fortitude, dam Xantippeby Eclipse, g. dam 

Grecian Princess by Forester, &,c. 
b. m. by Gabriel, dam Active by Chatam, cfcc. 

N. B. — She was called John Bull by Gov. Wright, from his having 
exchanged a bull for her with Col. Lyles of Md. 
JOHN DISMAL, ch. by Sober John, dam Jenny Dismal. 
Richards, b. k. by Sir Archy, dam by Rattler, (by Shark,) g. 

dam [by Im.p^d] Medley — Wildair — Nonpareil, &,c. 

-Hancock, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Roanoka by Florizelle. 



1823. John Randolph. 

-Stanley, b. h. by Sir Hal, dam Ariadne [by Imp''d\ Citizen, 



(fcc. Foaled, 1818. 

Pennsylvania. Edw. Parker 

OF RoANO.'VKE, b. h. by Roanoake, dam Grand Dutchess. 

Randolph, b. c. by Rinaldo, dam Portia, &c. 1809. 

-W, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Young Frenzy. 



1825. J. Randolph. 

JOLLY AIR, by Old Wildair, dam [hy Tmp^d] Flimnap — Brimmer — Inip'd 
Valiant, &,c. 

J. J. Harrison. 

JOLLY ROGER, [Tjnp'd] ch. called in England Roger of the Vale, got by 
Roundhead, (who was by Flying Childers,) the dam of Jolly Ro- 
ger got by Partner, his gr. dam by Woodcock — Croft's Bay Barb — 
Makeless, &c. 
Foaled, 1741. Imp'd about 1748. 

[Imp^d] b. c. by the Gower Stallion, Miss Harvey by Car- 
touch — Sophia by Godolphin Arabian. 
1769. 

by Jolly Roger, dam by Dabster, g. dam Mary Grey. 

Prince Geo. County, Va. 1777. Edm. Ruffin, Jun. 

JONAH, [/ffyj'c/] b. h. by Escape, dam Lavinia by Herod — Snap — Cade- 
Bloody Buttocks — Partner — Makeless, &c. 
1796. Bush. 

JOSEPHINE, b. m. by Peace Maker, dam a full bred Diomede mare, <fec. 

J. Lewis. 

by Flying Dragon, dam by Hamiltonian — St. George — King 

Herod— Old Yorick, &,c. 

• ch. by Bussora, dam by Sir Harry, g. dam by Obscurity, &c. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 

JOSEPHUS, ch. c. by Rob Roy, dam Flora by Ball's Florizelle. 

Loudon, Va. J. Lewis. 

JUBA, b. h. by Charlemaigne, dam a full bred Fearnought mare. 

1798. Thos. Hunt. 

JUBILEE, by Independence, by Quicksilver, [hy Imp''d] Medley, ifec. 

JULIA, gr. m. by Spread Eagle, dam Calypso. 

1804. J. Tayloe. 

JULIET, ch. hy Muttnomer, (he by Tom Tough,) dam [by Imp'd] Old 
Bedford, g. dam by Bellair out of King's Kitty Fisher. 

W. D. Taylor. 



354 AMERICAN STUD BOOK 

JUNIPER, (George's) [Fmp^d] b. li. fifteen hands one inch Iiigh, by Babra- 

ham, (who was by Godolpliin Arabian,) dam Aurora by Stamford 

Turk, &c. 

Charles City Cy. Va. 17fi2. Robert Harrison. 
Little, [/»(/ ImpUI] Juniper, dam Tasker's Selima. ^ 

Hanover, Va. 1777. 
JUNIUS, by (Craig's) Yorick, dam by Othello, g. dam by Monkey, out of 

a .Spanish mare Im])'d by Mr. N. Harrison. 

Prince Edward Cy. Va. 1777. Edw. Watts. 

JUNO, gr. f by Grey Archy, dam Fancy by Wilkes' Wonder, A:c. 

Tennessee, 1823. D. W. Sumner. 

JUPITER, b. h. by tlie noted Janus, bred by Capt. James Bell of Sussex, 

remarkable for swiftness, &.c. 

1775. J. Mason. 
b. c. by Florizelle, dam Circe. 

1794. 
JUSTICE, [///!/)'(/] ch. h. fifteen hands high, got by Regulus out of the Bol- 
ton Sweepstakes, &c. 

Prince George Cy. 1761. 

K. 

KATE, by Sir Alfred, dam Hurry'em. 

J. &. W. H. Minge. 
KATYDID, [hy Tmp'd'] Expedition, dam Imi/d Sourkrout, g. dam Match- 
less by Gen. Wiiile's Imp'd Slender. 
KATE COLE, c. m. by Badger's Hickory, dam by Bucephalus — Celer — 

Fearnought, &,c. 

Pennsylvania, 1811. C. Irvine. 
Ke.^r.ney, b. f. by Sir Archy, dam Lady Talman by Sir Harry, &,c. 

1826. Col. Wynne. 

KILL DEVIL, (late Ajax,) b. h. by Dare Devil, dam Atalanta by Old 

Medley. 

J. Tayloe. 
KING HEROD, ( Wormley's) b. h. by Bavlor's Fearnought, dam [by Imp'd] 

Othello out of Imp'd Kitty Fisher. 

Jersey, 1777. Herbert Haynes. 

A(iRii'P.v, b. c. by Old Sir Archy, dam T. K. 

HiiiAM, [Imp\l] was by Clay Hall, dam the Prince of Wales, Rock- 

ingliam, g. dam Yorico by Eclipse, g. g. dam Fidget by Spectator, 

&c. 

Prince Geo. Maryland, 1817. 
KITTY, b. m. [hy Imp'd] Whip, dam Queen of Ma}'. 

Georgia. Chas. A. Rudd. 

KITTY FISHER, [Imp'd] gr. m. by Cade, dam by the CuUen Arabian out 

of the famous mare Bald Charlotte. 

1759. Carter Braxton. 
by Lindsay's Arabi.in, dam [hy Im.p'd] Oscar, Imp'd Vam- 
pire out of Imp'd Kitty Fisher, itc. 

[/')/ Imp'd] Oscar, dam by Imp'd Vampire out of Imp'd Kitty 



Fisher, &c 

1789. John Thorntor. 

[hy Imp'd] Alderman, dam Hoskins' Kitty Fisher. 

(Hoskins') by Synmies' Wildair, dam [by Imp'd] Vanipire, 

ilam Imp'd Kitty Fisiier. 

by Virginia Cade, dam by Baylor's Fearnought. 

Geo Martin 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 



a^ 



KITTY FISHER, b. by Tiller's Bedford, (by Old Bedford,) dam by Old 

Bedford — Boxer — Claudius — Mexican, &c. 

W. D. Taylor. 
KITTY CLOVER, b. m. by Tom Tough, dam by Archduke— Sterling- 
King Herod, &,c. 

Enoch Mason. 
Clover, bl. m. b}' American Eclipse, dam [hy Imp^d] Light Infan* 

trj', (she rs half sister to Sir Lovell.) 

New- York, 1825. M. Beach. 

■ Clover, by Eclipse, dam Lady Bedford. 

N. C. J. W. Jeffries. 

Clover, ch. m. by Turk, (he by Expedition,) dam by Oscar. 

Wright. 

Medlet, gr. m. [by Imp'd] Me'dley, dam Hoskin's Kitty Fisher, &.c 

John Hoskins. 
Bull, [Imp'd] by John Bull, dam Lord Grosvenor's Isabella by 

Eclipse. 
KITTY FOX, by Fox, (a son of [Imp'd] Venetian,) dam by McCarthy's 

Cub, (tc. 
Russell, b. m. by Sir Peter (Hoskins',) dam [by Imp''d] Bed 

ford, &c. 

King William Cy. Va. Thomas Carter. 

KiNOWSLEY, [Imp'd] b. h. by Sir Peter Teazle, dam Capilla by Herod— 

Regulus — Crab— Snake, (tc. 

Foalefl, 1796. Chas. City Cy. Va. 1802. Wm. Lightfoot. 

KOULI KAHN, [Imp'd] b. h. by the Vernon Arabian, his dam Rosemary 

by Blossom, iier dam by Ancaster Starling out of Look at me Lads, 

by Grasshopper. Foaied, 1772. 

N. B. The above pedigree is furnished by Mr. Peter of Georgetown. 
[Imp'd] b. h. Pearson's Partner, dam by Lord Lonsdale's 

Kouli Kahn — Jigg — Curwin's bay Barb — Curwin's Spot, &.c. 

Imp'd in 1764-5 by Col. Baylor. 

N. B. The above pedigree given by Mr. R. N. Edgar. 
b. h. by Lloyd's Traveller, dam Tasker's Fatima. 

Foaled, 1777. 
KOSCIUSKO, by Sir Archy, dam Lottery by [Imp'd] Bedford. 

li. 

LADY ADAMS, ch. f. by Whipster, dam by Buzzard. 

J. Atchison. 
ARCHIANA, gr. f. by Sir Archy, dam Pandora by Wryht's Silver 

Heels. 
AMELIA, ch. m. [by Imp'd] Magic, dam by Republican President, 

g. dam by imp'd Figure, &,c. 

ALFRED, b. m. by Old Sir Alfred, dam [by Imp'd] Wonder, Thun- 
derclap, full brother to Old Chanticleer by Wildair. 

H. CampbelL 

AUDLEY, by Tariff, dam Ethiopia by Tayloe's Bedford. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 

BOLINGBROKE, by Pantaloon dam, dam of King Herod, g. dam 

Primrose by Dove, (a Son of Cade.) 

Col. Selden. 
•~ Bull, [Imp'd] by John Bull, dam by Pumpkin— Fieacatcher — Squir- 
rel, diC. 

Foaled, 1796. John Hoomes 

31 * 



356 AMERICAN STUD BOOKc 

LADY BUG, b. by Young Florizelle, dam by Jack Andrews — Driver— Higli 

flyer, &.c. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 
Burton, by Sir Archy, dam Sultana : she was out of the mare got by 

the horse sent as a present by the Bey of Tunis to Thos. JefTerson. 

1»13. J. W. Eppes. 
Bedford, [by Imp'd'] Bedford, dam by imp'd Dare Devil — Mercury 

— Apollo — Jolly Roger. (See also Bedford mare) foaled, 1810. 

J. W. Jeffries. 
BuNBi.RY, [Imp'd] b. m. by Trumpeter, dam Theopha, (sister to Old 

Tut) by Highflyer — Plaything by Malchem — Vixen byRegulus, &c. 

Foaled, 1802. J. Randolph. 

— — BuRi.EiGH, by Silver Heels, dam (Sterne's Maria) by Major Gibbs' 

Carlo, (by imp'd Carlo,) g. danl by Ridgley's Cincinnatus, &g. 

Richard Craddocks. 

Chesterfield, by Old Diomede, dam Ljtdy BolingbrcAe. 

Col. Selden. 
Culpepper, ch. m. by Carolinian, dam full sister of Defiance and Re- 
venge, &LC. 

Md. H. G. S. Key. 

Dudley, by First Consul, dam Edelin's Floretta. 

Dudley Digges. 
Eagle, gr. m. [by Imp^d] Eagle, dam Spot by Bedford. 

Albemarle, 1817. Walter Coles. 

Essex, ch. {. by Grey Diomede, dam Virginia Sorrel. 

1797. J. Tayloe. 

Flirt, ch. m. by Hickory, dam by Duroc. 

Isaac Snedeker. 

Field, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Diomede. 

1830. J. J. Harrisoiv. 

— y — G. [Imp^d] (Magician's dam,) bred by Sir Thos. Gascoigne, got by 

Hanibletouian, Golden Locks by Delphine, Violet by Shark, Quick's 

Charlotte by Blank, Crab, &-c. 

Roanoake, 1804. John Randolph. 
Grey, [Imp''J] by Gohanna, dam by Grey Skin — Woodpecker — He 

rod— Young Hag by Skim, &,c. 

Foaled, 1803. 

-Gray, by Robin Gray, dam by Melzar — g. dam [by Imp'' a] Highfly- 

er — Fearnought, &c. 

Jane Gray, b. f by Kosciusko, dam by Big Ben. 

Greensville, by Conqueror, dam by Batl's Diomede. 

GttANViLLE, I), m. by Roanoake, dam [by Imp^d] Brj-an O'Lynn — 

True Blue— Celer— Old Partner, &c. 

Oxford, N. C. 1827. Wm. M. bneed. 

— Hal, by Sir Hal, dam Beauty by Diomede. 

Maryland. James Sewall. 

- — Harrison, [by Imp''d] Spread Eagle, dam by imp'd Herod, g. dam 

by VVildair — imp'd King HeroH, &,c. 

Hamiltonian, by Sir Arthur, (he by Sir Archy,) dam Bet Bounce. 

Jane, [by Imp^d] Obscurity, dam Molly by Grey Figure out of the 

Old Slauierkin mare. 
Jane, by Potomac, dam ,\nvehna. 

N. Carolina, 1811. J. B. Richardson. 



-Jane, b. f by Shylock, dam Dutcriess by Bedford. 

1826. Mark AlexandeJt 

-Jackson, ch. m. by American Eclipse, dam Lady of the Lake. 
-Jack Bull, [by Imp''d] Gabriel, dam Active by Chatam. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 357 

LADY LA GRANGE, ch. f. by Sir Archy, dam [by Imfd] Dragon, g. dam 

by imp'd Medley — Mark Anlliouy, fee. 

Laiirenceville, Va. R- K- Meade. 

— — LiGiiTFoor, {Maria,) dk. br. m. by Sir Archy, dam Black Miula by 

Shark, &n. 

P^oaled, 181-2. J- T. 
OF THE Lake, b. m. by Kosciiifko, dam by Bedford — g. dam Mellis- 

saiit by Arion — Obscurity — Valiant, &c. 

S. ('arolina. Foaled, 1814. B- F. Taylor. 
OF THE Lake, b. m. [by Imp'd] Sir Harry, dam by imp'd Dioinede — 

imp'n St. George — imp'd Fearnought, &c. 

OF THE Lake, by Hickory, dam Maid of the Oaks. 

Leggs, [by Imp'd'\ Cenlinel, dam by Spadille. 

Mar, gr. m. by a thorough bred son of Badger's Hickory, dam by 

Mark Anthony — imp'd Dove — imp'd Lath, &.c. 

1818. C. Irvine. 

Mary. er. f by Henry, dam Miller's Maid. 

C. W. Van Ranst. 

M.ARY, by Bussora, dam Black Maria by Am. Eclipse. 

—OF THE NECK,gr. in. [by Imp'd] Merryfield, dam by imp'd W'oiider — 

Bellair— Old Medley, &.c. 

Thomas Dosvvell. 
Northumberland, [Imp^d] by Northumberland, dam by Shakspearc 

— Regulus — Parker's Snip — Old Partner, &c. 

John Tayloe. 
^Richmond, b. f by Ball's Florizelle, dam by Diomede, g. dam Al 

derman mare, &,c. 

J. "Wickham. 

Roland, b. by Tariff, dam by Florizelle — Bedford, &,c. 

T. Doswell. 

Racket, bv Sir Charles, dam by Ball's Florizelle, g. dam by Melzar. 

Relief, cli. f. by Am. Eclipse, dam Maria Slamerkin. 

N. J. 1827. Dr. E. A. Darcy. 

Randolph, by Sir Archy, dam [by Imp''d] Druid— Symnies' Wil- 

dair — Americus, &c. 
Sterling, b. ni. by Herod, dam [by Imp''d] Sterling, g. dam by King 

Herod — Lindsay's Ranger, &,c. 

Wm. D. Taylor 

Sumner, b. f by Shawnee, dam by Sir Archy. 

Wm. M. VS'est. 

TALMAN,by Sir Harry, dam by Bedford. 

J. A. Selden. 
ToN'ON, by (Elliott's) Topgallant, (he by Gallatin,) dam by Barry*! 

Medley, (by Old Medley,) g. d. Dr. Rany's mare. 

Wilms, by Janus, dam by Jolly Roger, g. dam [by Imp'd] Shark. 



LABURiXUM, by Lath, dam by Jolly Roger, g. dam imp'd by Carts 
Braxion. 

LAFAYETTE, b. h. by Conqueror, dam Julia, g. dam by Florizelle — Be! 
lair — Pegasus, &.c. 
Tennessee. H. Davis. 

b. c. by Virginian, dam by Sir Archy, g. dam oy Sir Harry- 
Chanticleer — Mead's Old Celer, &c. 

J..M. Botts. 

ch. c. by Kosciusko, dam Virginia, (Coquette.) 

J. Ferguson 

LAHARA, dap. gr. by Thornton's Rattler, dam by Winter's Arabian, g 
dam Alexandria by Alexander, (fc,c. C. Andrews 



6o8 AMERICAN STUD BOOK, 

LALLA ROOKH, by Handel, dam Phillis by Old Topgallant. 

Geo. Chicester. 
[.AMBALLE, ch. f. by Kosciusko, dam Psyche by Sir Peter Teazle, &,c. 

South Carolina. Richard Singleton. 

LAMPLKiHTER, b. h. by Hart's [Imp' J] Medley, dain by Lonsdale out 

of Fvitty Fisher, &c. 

Hanover Court House, 1801. Paul Thilman. 

LANCE, b h. full brother to Erie! by Am. Eclipse. 
LASS OF THE DULL, gr. f by Spread Eagle, dam Araminda. 

J. Hoomes. 
LAST CHANCE, ch. f by Sir Archy, dam Lady Bunbury. 

1325. J. Randolph. 

LATH, [/m/)'(7] b. fifteen hands one inch high; foaled in 1763; Inip'd m 

1768, was got byShepiierd's Crab, dam by Old Lath, g. dam by Fly- 

hig Childers— Makeless— Taffolet Barb, &.C. 

Delancey. 

LAUREL, b. h. by Old Fearnought, dam by the same, g. dam a fine blood- 
ed mare, &c. 

1777. Geo. Baylor. 

LAURA, gr. f. by Grey Diomede, dam Polly Peachem. 

1798. J. Tayloe. 

LAVENDER GIRL, b. f by Henry, dam Ophelia by Little Medley, "&,r 

1832. 
LAVINIA, by Diomede, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 

Col. Selden. 
LAWRENCE, br. by Sir Archy, dam [by Imp^<T] Sir Harry— Chanticleer- 
Mead's Celer — Lee's Mark Anthony, &,c. 
LAZARUS, by Eclipse, dam an Imp'd mare, he stood many years at Mount 

Gallant and left some valuable stock. 
LEE BOO, br. b. by Cragg's Highflyer, dam Captain James Betts' mare, 

she was of pure blood. 

Maryland, 1803. Osborn Spriggs. 

LEONIDAS, b. by Sir Archy, dam Vixen [by Imp''d] Jack Andrews raised 

by J. G. Green, and sold to J. M. Botts. 
b. c. by Virginian. 
by Lloyd's Traveller, dam by Morton's Traveller, out of 

Tasker's Selima, &c. 

Foaled, 1773. J. P. Custis. 

LEOCADIA, br. ch. m. by Virginias, dam Lady Jane by Potomac, g. dam 

[Imp''d] Anvelina. 
LEOPOLD, ch. h. by Ogle's Oscar, dam Katydid [by Imp'd] Expedition. 

Frost. 

LEATHER STOCKINGS, ch. h. by Rob Roy, dam Cora by Brown's 

Godolphin. 

George'vvvn, D. C. 1327. Peter. 

LETITIA, b. m. by Whip, dam by Buzzard, g, dam by Grey Diomede, 

&.C. 

Woodfd. Cy. Kentucky. E. M. B. 

by Truxton, dam by Elegant, (he [by Imp'd] Fearnought,) g 

dam by Bellair — Wildair, &c. 

Galla Tennessee. A. B. Shelby. 

LEVIATHAN, [Imp'd] (first called Mazercon,) ch. got by Muley out of a 
Windle mare, g. dain by Anvil out of Virago by Snap — Muley bj' 
OrvilJe, and he by Benningbrough, and he by King Fergus out of a 
Herod mare. 
Foaled, 1823. Imp'd to Alabama 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 359 

LEXINGTON, b. li. by Symnies' Wiltlair, dam by Lonsdale, g. dan? .>j 
Jolly Roger, «fc.c. 

1300. Andrew \\ood,ey. 

LIliERTY, bv Sharp's Olliello, dam by George's Juniper. 

Marvland. Charles B'.dglev. 

. . —by Binwell's Emperor, dam by Zane's Ranger, g. da-.ji by Mark 

Anthony, &,c. 

-|79Jj. Jolm Browidy. 

JGIIT INFANTRY, [//«//(/] by Eclipse, dam by Feather, g. (lam l>y 

C'hilders, g. g. dam Widdrington mare, she by Old Partner. 
[JNDSAY'S ARABIAN. (See Arabian Lindsay's ) 
LINNET, by Trafalgar, dam Humming Bird i)y Tom Tough. 

Messrs. Corbins. 
LIONELLA, b. m. by Coeiir de Lion out of the dam of Cinderella. 
LITTLE DAVID, [% Impd'] Childers, dam Jenny Cameron. 

J. Tayloe. 

Billy, by Florizelle, dam by Celer. 

W. R. Johnson. 

JiNiPEH. (See Juniper Little.) 

James, full brother to Garrick by Celer. 

-Medley, [by Imp^J'] Medley, dam Kitty Fisher by Lindsay's Ara- 



bian. 
LIVELY, b. m. by American Eclipse, dam Haynes' Maria [by I?np''d] Dio- 

niede, g. dam Lively by Lively — Wild Goose by Selim, &.C. 

New Jersey. Henry De Groot. 

LOCHINVAR, b. c. by Oscar, dam Virago by Shark. 

1810. J- Tayloe. 

LONSDALE, by Jolly Roger, dam a bay mare Imp'd., she by Monkey— 

Lonsdale's Bay Arabian, &c. 

John Byrd. 
gr. h. by Page's Young Medley, dam Marianna by Telema- 

chus, &c. 

1R24. F. B. Whiting. 

LORENZO, by Telemachus, dam by Raymond. 
LOGAN, a Mahogany bay, by Sir A rchy, out of ?he dam of Lafayette bj 

Virginian. 
LOGANIA, [by Imp'd] Medley, dam by Fearnought. 
LOTTERY, oh. f by Bedford, dam Anvelina. 

1803. 
LOUISA, b. m. by Eclipse, dam Vanity by Celer — Mark Anthony — Silver 

Eye, (fcc. 

1 789. J- Tayloe. 

LOUISIANA, b. f by Old Rattler, dam Desdemona. 

1829. E. G. W. Butler. 
LOVELY LASS, b. f. by Timoleon, dam Lady Alfred by Old Sir Avchy 

1832. 
LOVE LACE, by Flying Childers out of an Imp'd mare by Bosphorus. 
LUBLY ROSA, b. f by Sir Archy, dam Equa. 

1830. P- Wallis 
LUCIFER, [by Imp'd] Dare Devil, dam by Bellair— Imp'd Medley— Lims- 

dale, (fcc. 
LUCY, by Young Sir Alfred, dam Nancy by Florizelle. 

vV. Coles. 
LocKETT, b. f by Roanoake, dam young Minikin. 

1823. J- Randolph. 
LocKETT, by Bellair, dam Old Selima by Morton's Traveller — Ollie/ 

lo, &.C. 



300 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

T.UCY G WYNN, b. m. by Sir Charles, dam by SirHarry— Bedfonf— Da» 

Devil— Wildair, &c. 

Messrs. Tayloes. 
Grey, b. f. by Washington, dam Betsy Hunter. 

Norfolii, 1820. E. Townes. 

LUDEE, ^r. f. by Old Slouch, dam Nancy Dawson. 

1798. 
LURCHER, [by Imp\l] Bedford. 
LYCURGUS, a son of Morton's Traveller. 

1764. Benj. Harrison. 

LUZBOROUGH, [Imp'd] b. h. by Williamson's Luzborough, (a son of Si' 

Peier Teazle,) whose dam was by Dungannon, (a son of Eclipse. 

Liizborough's dam was out of a Dick Anchews mare, sent to Francfj 

anri slie by Whiskey out of P^leanor, &,c. g. g. dam by Diomede, &c 

Greensville. (Imp'd 1832.) John Avery. 

M. 

MAB, b. f. by Archduke, dam Fairy by Bedford. 

1809. J. Hoomes. 

MABEL, dk. b. f. by Sir James, dam Meg Merrilies. 

Lewis Berkley. 
MACBETH, bl. b. by Sir Archv, dam by Shylock, g. dam Lady Burton. 

Foaled, 1828. ' D. H. Allen. 

MACEDONIAN, b. by Roanoake, dam Statira by Alexander the Great. 

1824. J. Randolph. 

MACAW, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Paroquet, &,c. 

J. Randolph. 
MADCAP, [Imp'd] b. m. by Anville—O'Kelly's Madcap by Eclipse— BlanV 

— Blaze — Greyhound — Curwen's Bay Barb, &c. 1794. 

Trained not successfully. J. Tayloe. 

MADISON, by Diomede, dam Priestley by Chanticleer. 
MADAM NORFLEET. (See Gallena.) 
MADAME LAVALETTE, b. m. by Peace Maker, dam by Bedford, g. dam 

by Medley, &c. 

1815. J. J. Ambler. 

MAGIC, [Imp'd] ch. h. (sold for |4000,) by Volunteer, dam Marcella by 

Mambrino — Med'ia by Sweetbrier — Angelica by Snap — Regulus, 

&c. 

Prince George Cy. Maryland. 
MAGOG, by Chanticleer, dam Camilla by Wildair. 

J. J. Harrison. 
MAGNETIC NEEDLE, [Imp'd] b. by Magnet, he by Herod, his dam sister 

to the dam of Eusophroyne, she by Sweetbrier, his g. dam Rarity 

by Matchem, &c. Foaled, 1787. 

Tienton, N. Jersey, 1804. 
MAGGY r,AUDER, by Dr. Hamilton's [Imp'd] Figure, dam by Imp'd 

Othello, g. dam by Imp'd Spark. 
MAGNOLIA, ch. h. by Lindsay's Ranger, (Arabian,) dam by Othello by 

Crab, her dam by Morton's Traveller, anu .ler dam was Selima bj 

Godolphii. Arabian, &.c. 

1785. Lund Washington. 

MAGNUM, ch. h. by Am. Eclipse, dam by Oscar, (by Diomede,) g. dan» 

by Picture, (bv Imp'd Shark,) Sweet Larrv, &c. 
MAID OF ALL WORK, b. i. by Stirling, dam [Imp'd-] Hackabout, &c. 

Foaled, 1800. J. Hoomes. 

- OF THE Forest, br. m. by Young Hickory, dam by Old Hamlet 



AMERICAN STVU BOOK. 36] 

MAID OF THE FOREST, gr. f. by Winter Arabian, dam Young Buaaaid 

mare by Hamlintonian, &,c. 

OF LoDi, by Virginian, dam by Potomac. 

OF THE Mill, by Old Hickory, dam by iToung Shaik, g. dam Major 

Biddle's mare. 

. OF Northampton, [by Imp''d] Clifden, dam Jane Lowndes. 

OF 0.\KLAND, [by Imp^d] Stirling, dam by Hall's Eclipse, Brent's 

Young Ebony, fcc 
OF Orange, lay Hanibletonian, (by Dimgannon,) dam by Dr. Thorn 

ton's Driver, g. dam full sister to Nantoaka by Hall's Eclipse. 

James Madison. 
OF THE Oaks, by Spread Eagle, dam [by Imp''d] Shark, g. dam by 

Rockingham, g. g. dam by Gallant — True Blue, &,z. 

Fredericksburg, Va. Lewis Willis. 
OF Corinth, b. m. by Virginian, dam by Sir Archy — Quick Step — 

Americus — Aristotle, &.c. 

OF Patuxent, [hy Imp''d] Magic, dam Kitty Fox. 

OF Warsaw, by Gohanna, dam Chestnut mare by Trafalgar, g. dam 

Rosalba. 

King William Cy. Va. 1831. Lewis Hill. 
MALVINA, gr. m. by Stirling, dam Calypso. J. Tayloe. 
[by Imp'd] Precipitate, dam by Dungannon, Mark Anthony, 

&,c. Major Bayly. 

MALCOLM, b. by Sir Charles, dam by Sir Alfred— Hoomes' Tom Tough 

— Imp'd Spread Eagle, &c. 

Wm. Wynne. 
MAMELUKE, br. h. by Bagdad Arabian, dam Depro by Bay Baronet — 

[Imp^d] Crop, &c^ 

Boston. Edw. Elridge 

MAMBRINO, dk. c. by American Eclipse, dam Grand Dutchess. 

Delaware Cy. Pa. 1830. Hujiiphrey Hill. 

MANFRED, [finp''d] b. foaled 1796, by Woodpecker, oam by Mercury, g. 

dam by High%er„&,c. (Died.) 

J. Hoomes. 
MARCELLA, b. f by Roanoake, dam [Imp'd] Philadelphia. 

1823. J. Randolph. 

MARCELLUS, (formerly Red Rover,) ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam Shep- 
herdess by Phenomenon, &.C. 

Rich. Adams. 
MARIANNA, ch. m. by Telemachus, dam by Wild Medley, g. dam by 

Young Fearnought, &,c. 
MARCIA, gr. m. by Archduke, dam Celerinia by Celer. 

1810. J. Tayloe. 

MARIA ANTOINETTE, g. f by Andrew, (by Sir Andrew,) dam by Wi- 

ley's Marok, g. dam by Old Gallatin — [Imp''d] Medley, &,c. 

Georgia. Foaled, 1831. C. A. Redd. 
P'oNTAiNE, by Superior, dam by Tom Tough — Perto — Camden- - 

Brilliant, &,c. 

"\V. D. Taylor. 
Hill, b. m. by Oscar, (by Wilkes' Wonder,) dam [by Imp''d\ Ciri 

zen out of a Fearnought mare by Regulus, &,c. 

Nmitod Porter. 
Macklin, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Bellair. 

Bellfield, Va. Henry Macklin 
Archy, b. f by Old Sir Arcliy, dam [by Imp'd] D'iomede — Old Giin 

crack, (alias Randolph's Ronn.) 

Biifikmgliam, A'a. 1316. Isaac Curd. 



802 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

MARIA LOUISA, by Pacolet, Ham Letitia by Truxton— Gallatin, &.c. 

Tennessee. A. Shelby- 

— - Slamf.rkin, ch m. by Bond's First Consul, dam by Paragon, [/m^'rf] 

Figure, &c. 

New Jersey. Dr. E. A. Darcy. 

MAGGY SLAMERKIN, (Old) [by Imp'd] Wildair, dam Delancey's Cub 

mare. (Wildair and Cub mare were Imp'd together.) 

Col. Delancey. 
MARIA, b. m. by Sir Archy, dam Forlorn Hope. 

Sold E. Parker, Pa. H. Macklin. 

. Bl vck. (See Black Maria by American Eclipse, ditto by Shark.) 

by Diomede, dam by Bellair. 

Tennessee. H. Haynes. 
b. f by Monsieur Tonson, dam Eliza by Timoleon. 

North Carolina, 1829. J. W. JeflWes. 

by Bay Yankee, dam Green's Old Celer mare. 

W. R. Johnson. 

by Clockfast, dam Maria [by Imp^d] Regulus. 

or. m. by Pacolet, dam by Truxton. 

Burwell's, [by Imp'' d'] Regulus, she by Godolphin Arabian. 

. by Punch, dam 

B. Beans. 



— by Gallatin, dam 

Georgia. McNellys. 

-by Walnut, dam by a Grey Diomede horse, g. dam by Medley, &,c 



MARGARET, by Virginian, dam Hurrj^'em. 

MARPLOT MARE, l)y Marplot, dam Betsy Baker. 

MARTANZA, ch. f. by Sir Arthur, dam Amazonia by Tecumseh, &ic. 

MARY GREY, g. m. by Amie's Sir Archy, dam by Old Bellair— Shark- 
Aristotle, &,c. 
Alabama. Levi Gist. 

. g. f. [by rmp''d] Messenger, dam Tulip by Ranger, or Lind- 
say's White Arabian. 

(or Sappho,) [/m/)'i/] b. m. by Ruler, dam by Sampson — Re- 
gulus — Greyhound mate, i.c. 
Foaled, 1792. 

King, g. m. by Muckle John, dam by Quicksilver, and he by Imp'd 

Medley. 

Georgia, 1825. Charles A. Redd. 

MARY, b. f. by Coeur de Lion, dam Fanny Foster, &c. 1809. 

ch. f. by Sir Arcliy, dam by Francisco. 

Wm. Minge. 

. Ei.DRiDGE, ir. gr. by Napoleon 2d, dam by Pacolet, g. dam [by Imp^d] 

Sir Harry — Imp'd Dare Devil — Beit and Macklin's Fearnought, (tc. 
Pulaski, Tenn. Geo. A. Glover. 

OF Clovebhale, by Doubtless, dam Potomac, g. dam by Obscurity, 

(fcc. 

Ja.ne, b. f. by Bertrand, Ham by Arrakooker. 

— — MoRETO.N, ch. f. by Cook's Royalist, dam Mary by Coeur de Lion. 
RoniNsox, b. m. by Sir Archy out of the Imp'd PolSos mare, &c. 
Lancaster, Pa. E. Parker. 

Randolph, by Golianna dam. 

MARIGOLD, ch. m. by Tojn Tough, dam Hoskins' Sir Peter, g. dam [b]/ 
lmp\l'] Bedford — Imp'd Dare Devil — Symmes' Wildair, &c. 

M-XRIO-V. by Old Sir Archy, dam by Citizen — Alderman — Roebuck — out 
of a Herod mare. 
Halifax, N. C. 1830. B. S. Long. 



A MERICAN STUD BOOK. 363 

MARIUS, bv Selim, dam [Tmp'd.] 

MARK TIME, b. by Ar. Bagdad, dam [by Imp'd] Spread Eagle— Quick- 
silver, (by Hart's Medley,) &c. 
MARK ANTHONY, [Iinp\l] by Spectator, dam Rachel by Bland— Regu- 
lus — Sorebeels — Makeless — Dr. Arcy's royal mare, &c. 
Foaled, 17(17. Stood in Virginia. 

dk. b. by Old Partner, dam [lmp''d] Septima by Othello, &,(. 
Caroline Cy. Va. 1771. I.,. Hardymau. 

-(Randolph's,) bro. h. by Sir Archy, dam Roanoake. 



1826. J. Randolph. 

MARLBOROUGH, by Thornton's Rattler, dam Young Red Eye, g. dam 

[by Imp\l] Bedford — inip'd Gasteria, &c. 
MARMALUKE, b. f. [by Imp'd] Venetian, dam Magg Lauder. 

Rose Hill, Maryland. Thos. A. Foreman. 

MARSKE, (or Mask, ) by Shark, dam [Tmp\ll Virago. 

Orange Cy. Va. 1799. Robert Y'oung. 

. by Diomede, dam by Medley. 

Charlotte Cy. Va. 1808. Charles Wyllie. 

-by Marske, (by Diomede,) Hart's Old Medley thorough bred 



mare, &.c. 

Ri.ssells. 

MARSHAL NEY, dap gr. by Pacolet, dam Virginia by Dare Devil. 
MARMION, by Virginian, dam by Sir Arciiy — Cotton's Phenomenon, (he 

[by Imp'd] Restless) — Whirligig by imp'd Whirligig, &c. 

1825. 
MARYLAND ECLIPSE, (See Eclipse Maryland.) 
WARYLANDER, by (Wynnes') Rattler, dam sister to Sir Archy, on the 

dam's side by Tayloe's Topgallant, &c. 

G S 
MARSHAL, by Spread Eagle, dam Virginia Nell. 
DiRoc, by Old Duroc, dam Maid of the Oaks. 

1812. Bela Badger. 
Nf.y, by Am. Eclipse, dam Diana by First Consul. 

Elkton, Maryland. 1828. Samuel HoUingsworth. 

I\L\RS, r. h. bv Mountaineer, dam Camilla by Peace Maker, &c. 

Albemarle, 1829. Walter Coles. 

MARTHA JEFFERSON, b. f by Sir Archy, dam [by Imp'd] Buzzard, 

imp'd Symmetry, &c. 
MATILDA, g. m. [by Imp'd] Jonah, dam by Grey Diomede, Whistle 

Jacket, (tc. 

1810. D. W. Sumner. 

b. m. by Sir Archy, dam [Imp'd] Dutchess. 

G. H. Burwell. 
■ Poi.K, gr. f. by Marion, dam Parallel by Virginian, Pacolet's 

dam [by Imp'd] Medley, &,c. 

182S. 
MATCIIEM, ch. c. l)y Janus, dam Amy Robsart. 

J. Randolph. 

by Dion, dam [Imp'd] Favourite. 

John Hoonies. 
MATCHLESS, [by Imp'd] Slender, dam Fair American by Lloyd's Tra 

veller, g. dam Old Slamerkin by Wildair. 
1j. h. by Old Fearnought, dam by Sober John — Dabster, &,c. 

Caroline Cy. Va. 1777. Robt. Taliaflera. 

• ■ Diomede, [by Imp'd] Diomede, dam 

MATOUCA, b. m. by Combination, dam by Multum in Parvo, g. dam bv 

Green's Potomac, &,c. 
32 



364 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

MARY DACRE, bl. f. [by Imp'd] Valentine, dam Wright's Seljma. 

1829. 
MAY DAY, by Sir Archy, dam Eliza Adams. 

Messrs. Mmge. 

. b. c. by Virginian, dam by Florizelle. 

J. K. Van meter. 
MEDLEY, [Imp''d] gr. h. by Gimcrack, he by Cripple, &c. dam of Medley 
was Arminda by Snap, &c. Foaled, 1776. 
Hanover Court House, Va. 1785. Malcomb Hart. 

. gr. c. by Sir Hal, dam Old Reality. 

1824. VV. R. Johnson. 

b. c. by Bedford, dam Hebe by Dare Devil. 

Parish, Coleman &, Hoomes. 

. Mare, bred by J. Hoomes, foaled [Ay Imp''d] Medley, dam by 

Bolton — Fearnought — Tristram Shandy out of a Sober John mare, 
&,c. 

Mare, cii. by Am. Eclipse, dam Clio by Sir Archy. 

C. W. Van Ranst. 
-gr. c. by Polafox, dam Miss Bailey [by Imp\!'] Boaster. 



Natciiez. Chambers. 

Chance, (See Chance Medlej'.) 

-FiTz, (See F'itz Medle}'.) 



-. Grev, by Hart's [Imp'd] Medley, dam by Black and All Black 

— Bay Bolton — Old Partner — Old Fearnought, &c. 

N. Carolina, 1795-6. B. Williams. 

-(Jones') by Old Medle}', dam by Mark Anthony — Fearnought 



— Janus — Jolly Roger, &c. 

-(Thornton's) [by Imp^d] Punch, dam Helen by imp'd Med- 



ley, &.C. 
(Thompson's,) [by Tmp''d] Medley, dam by imp'd Aristotle, g. 

dam by Fearnought, &,c. 

Stood in Scott Cy. Kentucky, 1803. 
Wild, by Old Medley, dam Wildair, g. dam Shandy, g. g. 

dam Sportley by Old Janus, &,c. 

— YoLNG, (See Young Medley,) (two.) 



MEDORA, ch. f by Rattler, dam Sportmistress by Old Hickory, out of 

Miller's Damsel, &c. 

Butler Coles. 
MEAD'S ORACLE, (.See Oiacle Mead's.) 
MEG DODDS, br. m. by Sir Archy, dam Black Ghost [by Imp'd] Oscar, 

&c. 

Nansimond, Va. J. G. Green. 

MEG MERRILIES, b. m. by Trafalgar, ([by Imp'd} Mufti,) dam by imp'd 

Dragon — Lamplighter — Highflyer — Escape, &.C. 

Loudon, Va. Lewis Berkley. 

MEG OF WAPPING, b. f by Bedford, dam [Imp'd] Alexandria. 
MELE MELE, by Virginian, dam Lady Burton. 

1826. 
MELPOMO.\E, by Burwell's Traveller, dam Virginia by Old Mark Antho- 
ny — g. dam Poll}' Byid, itc. 
MELUNTllEE, gr. c. by Hephestion, dam Castianira, dam of Sir Archy. 
MELZAR, b. h. [by Imfd] Medley, dam Kitty Fisher by Wildair, (went 

to Kentucky ) 
MERCURY, by Dr. Thornton's [Imp'd] Driver, dam by imp'd Eclipse, g. 

dam by Union, by imp'd Traveller, &c. 
MERL^JO EWE bv Jack Andrews, dam Spot by Bedford. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 365 

MERLIN, by Old Archy, dam by Old Bedford— Dare Devil— Old Shark, 

&c. 

MENDOZA, (Bruiser,) by Boxer, dam Nancy Dawson, dam of Isabella. 
1796. ■ J. Tavloe. 

MERRY TOM, [Imp'ir] by Regulus, dam by Locust, (a Son of Crab,) g 
dain by a son of Flying Childers, his gr. dam by Croft's Partner, &c. 
Prince George Cj'. 1767. John Baird. 

MERRYFIELD, [Iinp^d] by Cockfighter, dam by Popinjay, Bourbon's 
dam, &.C. 

MERCURY, b. by Virginian, dam by Citizen, &c. 

by Janus, dam Celesta. 

1777. Col. William Byrd. 

by Spread Eagle, dam Janetta. 

J. Hoomes. 

MERRYFELLOW, b. c. by W. R. Johnson's Byron, olam the dam of Ca- 
milla, (fcc. 
King & Queen, Va. 1831. H. Campbell. 

MERRY GOLD, b. f [by Imp'd] Barefoot, dam Meg Dodds. 

N. Jersey, 1831. W. Gibbons. 

MERETRIX, by Magog, dam Narcissa. 

MESSENGER, |/m/jV] gr. h. by Mambrino, dam by Turf, g. dam by Regu- 
lus out of a sister of Figurant by Stirling, out of the Fo.\ mare, the 
dam of Snap, &c. 

Foaled, 1780. C. W. Van Ransf. 

-DuROc, dk. ch. by Duroc, dam Vincenta [by Imp^d] Messen- 



ger — imp'd Slender— imp'd Lath, &c. 

New-Yoik, 1790. E. &, A. Stephens. 

METEOR, b. c. by Comet, dam Nancy Dawson. 
MEXICAN, [Imp'd'j by Snap out of Matchern— Middleton, &c. 
MIDAS, by Am. Eclipse, dam by Sir Roljin, (he [by Imp\l] Robin Red 

breast,) — g. dam by Dare Devil, imp'd Shark — Apollo, &lc. 

1828. Wm. Tovvndes. 
MILLER'S DAMSEL, [by Imp'd] Messenger— dam the English PotSos, 

mare by Eclipse. 
Maid, full sister to American Eclipse. 

1820. C. W. Van Ranst. 

MILK MAID, by Centinel, dam 

Gen. Carney. 
MILK SOP, b. f [by Imp'^d] Justice, dam the Brilliant mare by Matchern 
b. f. by Coeur de Lion, dam Bolton mare, g. dam Sally 

Wright by Yo'rick. 

1798. J. Hoomes. 

MILWOOD, by Topgallant, dam by Kenedy's Pantaloon by Bedford. 
MINERVA, [by Imp''d] Obscurity, dam Diana by Claudius. 

Wm. E. Broadnax. 
■ ch. m. by Dr. Thornton's Rattler, dam Rosalba by Trafalgar 

—Old Rosalba [by Imp'd] Eagle, &c. 
bj Bellair, dam by Symmes' Wildair, g. dam by Vampire out 

of Braxton's Kitty Fisher. 
MINK, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Cut Leggs. 

1829. J. Randolph. 
MINIKIN, by President— Old Celer— Tristram Shandy, &,c. 
MINIMUS, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Young Minikin. 

J. Randolph. 
Mischief, b. f. by Virginian, dam by Bedford— Bellair— Shark, &,c. 

John M. Bolts 



366 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

ch. m. by Rattler, dam by Ogle's Oscar — Ridgley's Hamlet, 

&c. 

Fred. Maryland. J. Powder, Jun. 

MISS FORTUNE, by Am. Eclipse, dam the dam of Maryland Eclipse, &c. 

J. Sewall. 

Chance, [by Imp'd] Chance, dam Roxana by Ar. Selim. 

Messrs. Tayloes. 

■ Crawler, b. m. \by Imp'd'] Crawler, dam by Melzar — Grey Alfred— 

imp'd Tom Jones, &,c. 

Bell, [hnp^d] by Othello, dam of Dungolah. 

S. Carolina, 1783-4. H. Haynes. 

Bailey, [liy Imp''d~\ Boaster, dam (mother of Maria Haney,) by Bel- 
lair — VVikiair, &,c. 

— Dance, by Roebuck, dam by Independence, [Imp''d'\ Centinel (or 
Flimnap,) Old Janus, &,c. 
Stafford, Va. Alexander F. Rose. 

Doe, by Old Celer, dam by Diomede out of Bynliam's Filly, (a noted 

running mare in Va) 

Eagle, b. f by Spread Eagle, dam [Imp^d] Hackabout. 

FiTznoy, by Roanoake, dam Wakefield. 

J. Randolph. 

Fauntlerot, b. m. by Wildair, dam by Yorick — Little David — Mor- 
ton's Traveller, <Scc. 

Fire, b. f by Roanoake, dam Wakefield. 

J. Randolph. 

Elston, b. f by Roanoake, dam by Gracchus. 

John Randolph. 

Fortune, ch. f [by Itnp''d'j Star, dam Anvelina. 

S. Carolina. James B. Richardson. 

Flora Hamilton, b. m. by a son of old Hamiltonian, (by Diomede,) 

dam by Old Hamiltonian, g. dam [hi/ Imp\l'\ Spark, &c. 

— CJatewood, alight b. m. [by Imp''d] Buzzard, dam by Melzar, Shark, 

I'nion, ifcc. 

Lexington, Kentucky. E. Warfield. 

— Grafton, b. f by Roanoake, dam Wakefield, &,c. 

J. Randolph. 

Hagcin, br. m. by Blackburn's Whip, dam Blackburn's Buzzard, g. 

dam by Celer, die. 

Harriet, br.f by Sir Hal, dam Miss Waxy, g. dam by Saltram, (fee. 

I'etersliurg. Wm. Haxall. 

Jefferson, ch. f. by Diomede, dam Johnson's Medley mare, &c. 

Madison, ch. m. by Lurcher, {[by Imp''d'] Bedford,) dam by Ver- 
mont, (a son of Deceus, a son of Old Celer,) her dam by Fearnought, 
Old Shark, &c. 

Wm. R. Johnson 

— ~ Munkoe, ch. f. by Precipitate, dam 

Serab, b. f [by Imp^d] Serab, dam Agnus, by Sir Solomon, &.c. 

1830. 

Makeless, b. f by Spread Eagle, dam Hebe by Dare Devil, &.c. 

J. Hoomes. 

Marske, b. f by Bedford, dam Gasteria. 

MiDDLETON, b. f. by Cormorant, dam Janette bj' Mercury, &,c. 

Midway, ch. m. by Kosciusko, dam Rutli by Big Ben, Psyche, &,c.- 

B. F. Taylor. 

' M oney Maker, b. f. by Speculator, dam Milksop by Coeur de Lion 

J. Hoomes. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 



^ 



MiSS PELHAM, b. m. by Virginian, dam Sugar by Constitution, g. dam 
[hi/ /»;i/)V] Dragon — Atalantn, «fcc. 

James Bleik. 

I'oNF., ch. f. by Dare Devil, dam Milksop by Coeur de Lion, &c. 

1806. ' J. Hoomes. 

Peyton, gr. m. by Gracchus, dam Telegraph by Old Wildair, &,c. 

1812. 

Ryland, g. m. by Gracchus, dam Duetta by Silvertail — Vanity by 

Celer, &c. 

1813. J. Randolph. 

• Slamerkin. (See Maria and Maggy Slamerkin.) 

TrcKF.R, b. f. by Arab, dam [by Imp^d'] Archduke, g. dam by Preci- 
pitate, (fee. 

■ Ti'DOR, b. m. by Hyperion, dam Logania by Medley, &c. 

1808. J. Randolph. 

■ W.vxY, by Sir Archy, dam [I>np''<T\ Mermaid by Waxy out of Pro- 
mise. 

W. R. Johnson. 

. Walker, ch. m. by Tartar, (by Diomede,) dam [by Imp'd] Mufti - 

Flag of Truce — Old Fearnought, &,c. 

Kentucky. E. Warfield. 

MODESTY, by Hall's Union, dam Madge, (by Galloway's Selim,) g. dam 
an [Imp'd] mare by Spot, <fec. 

Benjamin Lowndes. 

• ch. m. by Ridgley's Tuckahoe, dam Dairy Maid. 

MOGGY, b. m. by Defiance, dam by Old Messenger. 
1820. 

MOHICAN, b. h. by Young Topgallant, dam by Telegraph, g. dam by Med- 
ley, &,c. 

Dr. E. L. Botcler. 

MOLLY ANDREWS, by Jack Andrews, dam by Dare Devil, &c. 

Randolpli Harrison. 

MOLL BRAZEN, [hnp''d'\ by Spark, dam byTorismond, g. dam by secon<^ 
brother to Snip, g. g. dam by Mogul, brother to Babraham, &,c. 

■ by Spread Eagle, dam Nancy Medley. 

Fredericksburg. James Smock. 

MOLL or MOLLY, by Grey Figure, dam Old Slamerkin by Wildair. 

MOL IN THE WAD, [Imp'd] b. by Sir Peter Teazle, dam the famous yel- 
low mare by Tandem. Foaled, 1797. 
Imp'd 1803. John Tayloe. 

MOLLY PACOLET, [Imp'd] by Pacolet, dam by Old Spark, g. dam Queen 
Mab, &,c. 

Garrett Vanderveer. 

MOLLY FISHER, b. m. by Janus, dam Gemima by Bedford, g. dam Imp'd 
Rachel by Drone. 
1814. Gen. \V. Hampton. 

MOLO, c. c. by Timoleon, dam by Tom Paine. 

O. Shelby. 

MOLTON MARE, light b. by Molton— Fleetwood— [/m;)'<i] Bashaw— 
Imp'd Jolly Roger — Starling, &.c. out of a thorough bred English 
mare. 

MONROE, [by Imp'd] Wonder, dam the dam of Madison. 

MONSIEUR TONSON, (or Sir John,) by Pacolet, (l)y Citizen,) dam by 
Topgallant, g. dam by Grey Medley — Imp'd Oscar — Imp'd Fear 
nought, (fee. Thos. Vvatson. 

MONOMIA, gr. m. by Bellair, dam Sweetest by Highflyer— Virago, &c 
32 # J Tavloe. 



368 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

MONKEY, [Imp^d]hy the Lonsdale Arabian- -Curwen's Bay Barb — Byer^ 
ly Turk. (This horse was 22 years old when imported, and stood 
ill Virginia and Nortli Carolina, and got sojiie fine colts.) 
MONARCH, by Mark Antliony, and the pedigree of his dam side unex- 
ceptionable. 

New Kent, V'a. 1775. Geo B. Poindexter. 

MOORE'S PARTNER, (,'^ee Partner Moore's.) 

MERDANTO, b [h,/ Imp\l\ Pantaloon, dam by Morto.i's Traveller— Bol- 
ton — Monkey — 'oily Roger, Sic. 
MOREAU, by Bedford out of Miranda. 

Gen Ridgley. 

Young. (See Young Moreau.) 

MOUNT AIRY, by Byron, dam Roxalana. 

B. S. Forest. 
MORTON'S TRAVELLER. (See Traveller Morton's.) 
MORGIANA, bl. f. by Sir Archy, dam by Sir Hal. 

J. S. Garrison. 

b. ni. by Kosciusko, dam 

Wm. "Wynne. 
MORGAN RATTLER, b. h. by Rattler, dam Iris. 

18-23. J. Lewis. 

MORNING BRIDE, by Spread Eagle, dam Samuel Love's roan mare. 

Edvv. Carter. 
MOUNTAIN LEADER, ch. s. h. by Old Wildair, dam a Mousetrap mart 

Chesterfield, 1803. Caleb Boush. 

ftlOUNTAlNEER, by Spread Eagle, dam Spot by Bedford, &c. 

Wni. Dandridge. 

ch. s. h. by Old Peacemaker, dam Jane by Knowsley. 

18-22. Walter Coles, 

ch. h. by Contention, dam Iris. 

J. Lewis. 
MORVENNA, b. f. [by Imp'd] Syphax, dam Brenda. 

J. J. Ambler. 
MOSCOW, c. c. by American Eclipse, dam Die Vernon by Old Florize'"e, 
&c. 

Yonkers, N. Y. 1826. W. Lyles. 

MOSES, [by Imp'd] Sir Harry, dam by Waxey, g. dam by Imp'd Buzzard, 

&.C. 

W. Plaxhall. 

Mare, br. by Moses, dam Lady Harrison [by Imp'J] Spread Eagle 

— Herod, &c. 
MOUSETRAP, or Jack Rap, [Tmp'd} ch. h. by Young Marske out of Gen 
tie Kitty by Silvio, Dorimond — Portia by Regulus — Hutton's Spot — 
Fox— Cub, &,c. Foaled, 1787. 
North Carolina, 1793. 
— ch. h. [by Imp''d'\ Mousetrap, dam by Imp'd Fearnought- 
Partner — Imp'd Janus, &.c. 

MULATTO MARY, by Sir Archy, 

MURAT, ch. c. by Old Madison, dam Maria Archy. 

1826. 
MULTI FLORA, b. f. by Old Sir Archy, dam Weazle by Shylock. 

E. Irby. 

ch. m. by Kosciusko, dam by Rosicrucian. 

J. Atchison. 
MUCKLE JOHN, by Sir Archy, dam the dam of Sir William by Bellaii, 
&c. 

Reed 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 369 

MUCKLE JOHN, by Muckle John, clam Black Eyed Susan by Potomac, 

&.C. 

MUFTI, f/m/iV] was by Fitzherorl, (he by King Herod,) Mufti's flam by 

Infant, son of the Godolpiiin Arabian, g. clam by Whittiiigton out 

of a full sister of Black and All Black, fifteen hands one incli high. 

Foaled, 1775. John Tayloe. 

i4USID0RA, by Archduke, dam by Dare Devil. 

J. Tayloe. 
MURDOCH, by Sir Charles, dam gr. m. by Bedford, her dam by Old Wil- 

dair. 

Chesterfield, Va. 1830. Charles Graves. 

MUZZLE DIOxMEDE, [hy Imp'd] Diomede, dam by Hymen, byClotus, by 

Fearnought, &c. 
MYRTILI.A, br. f by Marylander, dam Desdemona by Miner's Escape. 

Foaled, 1828. Dr. Crawford. 

I¥. 

NAMELESS, [Imp''d] b. m. by Felho da Puta, by Haphazard, out of Misf 

Barnet, her dam Rosetta by Young Woodpecker — Dungannon 

Justice, &,c. Foaled, 1825. 

In)p'd 1829. N. Y. Chas. Green. 

NANCY, b. f by Spread Eagle, dam 

b. m. hy Ball's Florizelle, dam the Bedford mare Spot. 

1814. Walter Coles. 
.\bner, by Sir Archy, dam 



■Air, [hy Im.p'd] Bedford, dam Annette by Old Shark, g. dam by 

Rockingliam — Gallant, &.c. 

Foaled, 1799. Died 1822. James B. Ricnardson. 

Air, b. m. by Virginius, dam Old Nancy Air. 

J. B. Richardson. 

Bell, by Fearnought, dam by Imp'd Miss Bell, &c. 

Bywell, [Imjj'iT] b. m. got by Matchem, dam by Goliah — Red 

Rose — Curwen — Old Spot, &c. 
Coleman, by Young Fearnought, dam Latonia by Old Partner, gi. 

dam by Imp'd Jolly Roger, &,c. 

1806. J. Verrell. 

CREir.HTON, by Francisco, dam M0II3' Andrews by Jack Andrews. 

Messrs. Minges. 
Dawson, by Lloyd's Traveller, dam Phillis (by Fearnought,) 5. 

dam a celebrated mare of Col. Baylor's by Imp'd .Sober John. 

Foaled, 1783. Wm. Scott. 

Dawso.n, b. by Eagle, dam by Eellair. 

Marti.n, ch. m. by Bolingbroke, dam by Bedford — Selim — Tyler's 

Independence, &,c. 

Medley, by Old Medley, dam Mead's Oracle. 

-Whirligig, [hy Imp''d] Figure, dam by Mark Anthony — Jolly Ro 



ger — Imp'd Mary Grey, &,c. 
NANNY O, c. f. by Pantaloon, dam Young Selima by lorick. 

1788. J. Taylae. 

NAOMI, ch. f by Pulaski, dam by Young Wonder- Srnilax — Grey Dio 

mede — Atalanta by Imp'd Medley. 
NAPOLEON, br. b. by Imp'd Diomede, dam by Eclipst, g. dam by Mcrcu 

ry, &c. 

1808. H. Cheshire. 
by Gouty, dam by Sir Harry, g. dam t)y P'omede- — Flag o 

Truce, (fee. 



370 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

NAPOLEON, ch. h. by Napoleon, (by Diomede,) dam by Florizelle. 

by Imp''"' Wonder, dam by Diomede — Hart's Medley — out of 

a favourite man. of Col. Selden's, «fcc. 

S. M. Spangler. 

by Sir Archy, dam by Sir Harry, g. dam by Dare Devil. 

-by Inip'd I'uncli, dam Luff borough's Selinia, the third by 



Hall's Eclipse. 

(Killed 1805.) N. Luffborough. 

-by Oscar, dam Letitia by Truxtori. 



Tennessee. A. B. Shelby. 

NARCISSA, by Imp'd Shark, dam Rosetta by Wilkins' Centinel — Diana 

by Claudius, &,c. 

J. J. Harrison. 
by Wildair, dam Melponione, g. ..am Virginia by Mark An- 
thony — Folly Byrd, &c. 

J. Hoomes. 
NELLY SPARKS, br. m. by Bertrand, dam by Whip, (by Imp'd Whip)— 

Bompard, &c. 

Kentucky, 1328. Edvv. M. Blackburn. 
NELL GWYNN, ch. f. by Thornton's Rattler, dam Vixen by Trafalgar. 
Saunders, ch. m. by Wonder, dam by Imp'd Dare Devil — Imp d 

Centinel, &,c. 
NETTLE, ch. m. by Wildair, dam Desdemona. 

Dr. E. A. Darcy. 
f ull sister to Virago by Wildair, by Ajas. 

A. F. Rose. 
NETTLETOP, by Imp'd Spread Eagle, dam by Shark— Old Janus, &,c. 

out of a thorough bred mare. 
• — ch. m. by Trafalgar, (by Imp'd Mufti,) dam Nettletop by 

Spread Eagle, &,c. 

L. Berkley. 
■ by Bellair, dam by Mark Anthony — Fearnought. 

Foaled, 1794. Reeves. 

by Diomede, dam Betsy Lewis, &.c. 

Wm. Herndan. 
NERISSA, b. f by Roanoake, dam Jessica by Shylock. 

1825. J. Randolph. 

NEVERTIRE, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Endless. 

J. Randolph. 
NEY, b. h. by Mountaineer, dam Lady Eagle. 

1827. Walter Coles. 

NIGHTINGALE, by Chanticleer, dam Winguryfeet, (by Jolly Roger,) g. 

dam Melpomone by Burwell's Traveller. 
NILI, bl. m. by Black and All Black, dam by Careless — Augustus — Pil- 
grim — Fearnought, &c. 

Tennessee. H. Baldwin, jun. 

NIMROD, ch. c. by Baylor's Fearnought out of a Partner mare — Iinp'd 

Janus — Imp'd Jolly Roger. 

Williamsburg, Va. 1775. Richard Taliaferro. 

NOLI ME TANGERE, by Richmond, dam Noli Me Tangere by Topgallant. 

1800. Dr. Thointo-n. 

by Topgallant, dam Castianira. 

J. Tayloe. 
NONPAREIL, dk. b. by Old Fearnought, dam by Janus, &c. 

York Town, 1773. Thomas Lilly. 

NORNA, b. f. by Director, dam by Sir Harry— Bedford— Dare Devil— 

Wildair, &c 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 371 

NORTH CAROLINIAN, by Virginian, dam by imp'd Dion, g. dam Betsy 

Baker by imp'd Clown, Golden Figure, <fec. 
NORTHAiMPTON, b. c. by Ogle's Oscar, dam Jane Lowndes. 

Gov. Sprigg. 
NORTHERN ECLIPSE, (See Eclipse Northern.) 
NORTH EAST, b. c. by iinp'd Highlander, dam Tulip by Ranger or Lind 

say's Arabian. 

1797. Thomas M. Foreman. 
NORTH STAR, [Imp' J] b. by Matchem, dam Lass of the Mill by Orano 

ko, g. dam by Traveller — Miss Makeless by Young (Greyhound. 
Foaled, 1768. Thomas Peter. 

NORVAL, dap. gr. by imp'd Spark, dam by Shakspeare, g. dam imp'd 
Lady Northumberland. 

John Rose. 
NORTHUMBERLAND, by Bellair, dam by Wildair— Shakspeare^ &c. 

J. Tayloe 
NULLIFIER, b. c. by Am. Eclipse, dam Roxana by Sir Harry, &,c. 

Messrs. Corbins. 

o. 

OATHMAN, b. c. by Selim, dam B, Ruler mare, (by Ruler in England,) 

Turk, &c. 
OAKLEY, oh. c. by Crusader, dam Josephine by Bedford. 

S. Carolina, 1829. J. J. Moore 

OBSCURITY, [Imp'd] dk. eh. got by O'Kelly's Eclipse, dam by Carelf-.M, 

g. dam by Cullen Arabian, g. g. dam by North Country Dioiiiede, «vj 

Foaled, 1778. John Forman. 

OCEANA, b. f by Bagdad, dam Florida by Conqueror — Rosemary, (South 

all's mare,) by Diomede — Celia by Wildair. 

1827. J. Southall. 

OCTAVIA, b. f. by Rockingham, dam Frederica by Escape. 

Charles Tayloe 
OCEAN, ch. c. by Timoleon, dam Anna by Truxton. 

Tennessee, 1828. 
OHIO, ch. h. by Bacchus, dam Crazy Jane, &,c. 

Cones. 

O'KELLY, [/mjo't/] b. by Anvil, dam by Eclipse, g. dam by Blank, g. g. 

dam by Snip— Godolphin Arabian, &,e. 

1798. Thomas Reeves. 
by Virginian, dam by Bay Yankee, g. lam by sorrel Diomede 

— Jet by Hay lies' Fliinnap, &c. 
OLYMPIA, bl. f by Roanoake, dam Jet by Bluster. 

J. Randolph. 
OLIVIA, b. f. by Am. Eclipse, dam Brunette, (by Telegraph) outof Albu'a 

full sister to Defiance. 
OROONOKO, b. c. by Hyperion, dam Minikin, &.c. 

1810. John Randolph. 

ORACLE, (IVIead's,) [by Imp'd] Obscurity, dam by Citizen — imp'd Old 

Partner — Janus — V^aliant, &,c. 
ORANGE, b, m. by Cooper's Messenger, dam by Slasher, (he by Messen- 
ger,) g. dam bred by Gen. Green of Philadelphia out of a Va. breti 

mare, &c. 
ORELIA, b. h. by Pacolet, dam by Truxon, g. dam D:. Butler's Roseiia 

by imp'd Mendoza, &,c. 
ORPHAN BOY, b. h. by Am. Eclipse, dam Maid of die Oaks, &,c. 

ooiiigate Si Purds 



372 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

ORPHAN, b. c. by Cormorant, dam Darlington mare by Darlington. 

— — by Ball's Florizelle, dam bv imp'd Diomede. 

OiNEA, br. f. by Pacotaligo, dam Virginia (^Coquette.) 

1821. 
ONORER, b. m. by Sir Arciiy, dam Black Ghost. 

C. Ridgley. 
OPHELIA, by Grey Diomede, dam Primrose by Apollo. 
gr. m. by Gen. Ridgley's Little Medley, dam Ophelia by Grey 

Diomede, &,c. 

Gen. Ridgley. 
OPOSSUM, g. m. by Shark, damby Old Twig-g. dambyf/m^jV] Fearnought 

— Jolly Roger, &,c. 

Mark Alexander. 
OPERNICO, b. h. [by Imp'd] Medley, dam by Lindsay's Arabian, g. dam 

by imp'd Oscar, &.C. 

New Castle, Va. 1797. Nicholas Symme 

OSCAR, [/m;''c/] a deep sorrel by Young Snip, dam by Lord Morton's Aia- 

bian, g. dam by Old Crab, g. g. dam by the Bald Galloway, &c. 

Cumberland Cy. Va. 1777. William Gay. 
(Ogle's,) b. h. [by Imp'' d] Gabriel, dam Vixen by Old Med- 
ley, g. dam Penelope by Yorick, &:c. 

Bellair, Maryland, 1800. 
[/m/i'd] br. h. by Saltram, dam by Highflyer — Herod — Miss 

Middleton by Regulus — Camilla by a son of Bay Bolton — Bartlett's 

Childers, &-C. 

Foaled, 1795. William Lightfoot. 

-JuN. by Ogle's Oscar, dam Edelin's Floretta by imp'd Spread 



Eagle, &c. 
Carlisle, Pa. 1822. 

-dk. b. h. by Wonder, (son of Diomede,) dam Rosetta, (Rosy 



Clack,) by Saltram, &,c. 
(Tennessee.) 

-Young, b. h. by Tnckahoe, dam by Ogle's Oscar, g. dam by 



Medley, Cub, Tamerlane, &c. 
Maryland, 1824. Charles Ridgley. 

-Ir. gr. by Roanoake, dam Lady Eagle. 



1829. Walter Coles. 

OSSORY, b. c. by Old Rattler, dam Desdemona, &c. 

J. Tayloe. 

OTHO, dk. b. h. [hylmp^d] Shock, imp'd Morton's Traveller, imp'd Jus- 
tice, imp'd Juniper, imp'd Othello, imp'd Childers out of a thorough 
bred mare purchased from the stud of King George 11. 
Foaled, 1765. George Branham. 

OTHELLO or BLACK AND ALL BLACK, [Imp'd] a beautiful black got 
by Portmore's Crab, out of the Duke of Somerset's favourite mare 
Miss Slamerkin, &c. 
Foaled, 1743. Imp'd 1755-6. Gov. Sharpe, (Maryd.) 

P. 

PACKINGHAM, by Florizelle, dam by Magog, g. dam by Flimnap— Mark 

Anthony, &c. 
^ACIFIC, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Eliza, (full sister of Gallatin,) by imp'd 

Bedford out of imp'd Mambrino, &c. 

Nashville, Tennessee. D. W. Sumner. 

PACOTATIGO, [by Imp'd] Bedford, dam Milksop by Justice. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 373 

PALAFOX, by Express, dam by Cub — Heath's Childers — do. Traveller— 

Old Dove— Othello, &.c. 

-gr. h. by Old Diomede, dam Eppes' Tippoo Saib mare, (Lc. 

PACOLET MARE, [Ijn}j''d] by Pacolet, dam Whiteneck by Crab — Godol 

phin Arabian — Conyer's Arabian, &-c. 

Imp'd into Pennsylvania. Hiltzheimer. 
by Pacolet, dam by Dragon, g. dam by Truxton — Bompard— 

Pillgarlick, &c. 

Tennessee, 1824. Reuben Cage. 

PACOLET, by Old Pacolet, dam by Albrack, (by Truxton.) 

St. Louis, Mobile. B. McMenomy. 

(Old,) [hy Imp^d] Citizen, dam by Tippoo Saib, (the dam of 



Palafox by Old Diomede, Wilkes' Wonder, &c.) Died 1825, aged 
1 7 years. 

Sumner Cy. Tennessee. Geo. Elliott. 

-Alab.^ma, by Old Pacolet, dam by imp'd Whip, Old Shaik, 



Shakspeare, &c. 

PANDORA, by Bellair, dam by Soldier, g. dam by imp'd Oscar, Merry 
Tom, &-C. 

E. A. Massey, 

or Sally Gee, b. f. by Archy, dam a Cirizen mare, dam o/ 

Marion. 

West. 

IL by Gov. Wright's Silver Heels, dam Equa. 

P. Wallis. 

— by Grey Diomede, dam the dam of Floretta. 

Gov. Wright 
-by Hart's imp'd Medley, dam by Lonsdale out of Braxton s 



imp'd Kitty Fisher. 

-b. m. by Palafox, dam by W^onder, Snip, imp'd Bedford, &c. 



Louisiana. James Chambers. 

PANTALOON, [Imfd] b. by King Herod, out of W. Fenwick's Nut- 

cracker who was by Matchem, &c. 

Foaled, 1799, Brandon, Va. 1787. Benjamin Harrison. 
[Imp^d] b. li. by Matchem, dam Curiosity by Snap — Regulua 

— Bartlett's Childers — Honeyvvood's Arabian, dam of the two True 

Blues. 1767. 

PANTONIA, by Bedford, dam by Dare Devil— Shark— Pilgrim, &c. 

John D. Macklin. 
PARROT, b. f by Roanoake, dam Paroquet. 

1811. J. Randolph. 

PAROQUET, b. i. by imp'd Merryfield, dam Popinjay, Bourbon's dam. 

1819. J. Randolph. 

PARTNER, [Imp'd] b. h. by the Duke of Hamilton's Figure, Old Figure- 
Standard, &c. Partner's dam was Britannia, full sister of Col. Hop 

per's Pacolet, g. dam Queen Mab, &,c. 

Hanover, Morris Cy. John Blanchard. 

-^—^ (Moore's,) [Imp''d] by Croft's Partner, dam (sister to Starling) 

by Bay Bolton son of the Brownlow Turk by the Pulliam Arabian, 

&,c. 

-(Old,) by Morton's Traveller, dam Tasker's imp'd Selima. 



1760. 

b. c. by Roanoake, dam the dam of Wildfire. 

J. Randolph. 
aRAGON, g. h. by Spread Eag.e, dam by Bellair out of Andrew Mead'j 
Oracle. 
1808. Ralph VVormley 



374 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

-b. h. by Virginia Eclipse, dam Virginia by Timoleon of Ma- 



ryland out of the Maid of Oakland by imp'd Stirling, &c. 
1829. Captain Geo. H. Terrell. 

-by Timoleon, dam by Brutus, (by Bellair,) g. dam by Old Di- 



omede, <fc,c. 

(Huntsville, Ala.) Gabriel Moore, 

-by Old Flimnap, dam Camilla by Burwell's Traveller, &x. 



Sold to Col. Fenwick. 
Foaled, 1788. W.Hampton. 

-Mare, by imp'd Buzzard, dam by Columbus, (by imp'd Pan- 



taloon,) out of Lady Northumberland, g. dam by Paragon, &c. 

PARTNERSHIP, ch. h. by Volunteer, dam Rosy Clack by imp'd Saltram 
—Camilla by Old Wildair, &,c. 

Arthur Cotton. 

b. c. by Ogle's Oscar, dam 

PATRIOT, by imp'd Fearnought, dam by Fearnought, g. dam by Aristo- 
tle, g. g. dam by Valiant, &c. 

PATTY SNAGGS, ch. f. by John Richards, dam Selima by Topgallant, &,c. 

P. Wallis. 

PATSY WALTHAL, by Medley, dam Maria by Diomede, g. dam by 
Bellair, ifcc. 

H. Haynes. 

PAUL JONES, by Specimen, dam by imp'd Wildair, (which was taken 
back to England,) g. dam Delancy's Cub mare. 

Gen. Morgan. 

Young, (See Young Paul Jones.) 

ch. by Sir Charles, dam by Tom Tough — Ball's Florizelle, 

imp'd Hamilton, &,c. 

Jefferson, Cy. Va. S. & J. Strrder. 

PAUL, [Iinp''d] ch. fifteen hands high, by Saltram, dain Virago by Snap, 
Paul's dam Purity by Matchem, g. dam the Old Squirt mare. 
Powiiatan, Va. 1807. Thomas Harris, Jun. 

PAYMASTER, [Imp'd] b. by Old Paymaster, dam by Otho— Herod— Duke 
of Norihujiiberland's Arabian out of own sister toSkim, &.C. 
York River, 1791. Henry Norriss. 

N. B. No runners from this horse. 

PARALLEL, by Virginian, dam by Medley. 

PARIS, by Highflyer, dam a Cade mare. 

PARTIZAN, a light bay by Virginian, dam Diomedian by Am. horse Sal- 
tram, (son of imp'd Diomede,) gr. dam by Hendrick's Celer (son of 
Mead's Old Celer.) 

Horace Royster. 

PAMUNKEY, by Am. Eclipse, dam Bellona by Sir Archy — g. dam by Sir 
Harry — Melzar, &c. 

Thomas Doswell. 

PEACOCK, (YouNo's) by imp'd Citizen — imp'd Sterling — imp'd Mouse- 
trap, &c. 

• (Randolph's,) b. c. by Roanoake, dam Roanoka. 

-(Berkley's,) by Old Janus, dam an imp'd Spanish mare. 



PEACE MAKER, dk. b. h. by imp'd Diomede, dam Poll by Young Black 
and all Black, out of a Mercury mare, g. d. Nanny liy Black and all 
Black, g. g. dam by imp'd Oscar — Old Partner, &c. 
1807. J. Tayloe. 

.— by Old Volunteer of Tennessee, (iie by Gallatin,) dam by Old 

Peace INlaker — Dutchess by Coeur de Lion, &,c. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 375 

PEGASUS, g. f. by Pegasus, dam Sally Wright. 

]798. J- Hooines. 

PEGGY, (Young) ch. m. by Gallatin, dam Trumpetta by Hephestion, g 

dam Peggy by Bedford. 

Kentucky. E. Warfield. 

ch. m. by Imp'd Bedford, dam Imp'd Peggy. 

1803. Wade Hampton. 

• [Imp'd] by Trumpeter, dam by Herod out of Peggy, (sister to 

Postmaster.) 

Foaled, 1788. Died 1805. J. Tayloe. 

PEGGY MADLE, gr. f. by Sir Hal, dam Fair Rosamond, &c. 

1823. 
PENDENISS, gr. h. by Volunteer, dam Ariadne by Ball's Florizelle. 
PENELOPE, by Yorick, dam by Ranter, g. dain by Old Gift, &c. 

^ ^ ^ J. Tayloe. 

ch. f by Timoleon, dam Rosetta by Wilkes' Wonder. 

PENNSYLVANIA FARMER, by Partner out of a full bred mare. 

1775. J. Tayloe. 

' M.-VRE, by Pa. Farmer, dam by Pegasus, g. dam by Bol- 

ton, &c. 

J. Hoomes. 
PELHAM, b. c. by Gracchus, dam Mary by Whip. 

Falmouth, Va. Enoch Mason. 

PEY EYE, b. c. by Bedford, dam Milksop, &c. 

1804. 
PET, b. f by St. Tammany, dam Miss Dance by Roebuck. 

gr. f. by Gracchus, dam Mouse by Sans Culolte. 

J. Randolph 
PETRUCHIO, by Shakspeare, dam Miss Chance by Chance — Roxaiana, 

&c. 

Mt. Airy, Va. Wm. H. Tayloe. 

PHENOMENON, or Big Ben, by-lmp'd Wonder, dam by Dare Devil, &c. 

J. Mayo. 
b. h. by Roanoake, dam Young Frenzy. 

1824. John Randolph. 

PHENOMENA, b. f by Sir Archy, dam Lottery by Bedford, &c. 

1827. R. Singleton. 

PHOEBE, by Bright Phoebus, (full brother of Miller's Damsel,) dam by 

Republican President, (he by Cragg's Highflyer,) g. dam by Liud 

say's Arabian — Imp'd Ranger, &c. 
PHOENIX, [Imp^d] ch. h. bred by the Duke of Bedford, got by Dragon, his 

dam Hortia by Volunteer — Florizelle — King Herod, &c. Foaled, 

1798. 

North Carolina, 1803. Thos. B. Hill. 
b. h. by Imp'd Venetian, dam Zenobia bj' Don Carlos — Juni- 
per, etc. 

Bah. Cv. 1794. G. Fitzhugh. 

PHILADELPHIA, [Imp'd] b. m. by Washington, dam Miss Totteiidge by 

Dungannon — Marcella by Mambrino — Media by Svveelbrier — An- 
gelica by Snap, &c. 

1808. J. Randolph. 

PHILIP, ch. c. by Rattler, dam by Flag of Truce. 

Townsend. 

PHILI/IS, by Fearnought, dam a celebrated mare of Col. Baylor's got by 

Imp'd Sober John, &lc. 
■ ch. f full sister to Gohanna. 

1821. John M. Bolts. 

33 



376 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

PH1LL[S, by Old Topgallant, clam by Grey Dioniede, g. dam also by Grey 

Diomede out of a thorough bred mare. 

1811. Geo. Chicester. 

PICTURE, by Imp'd Shark, dam by .Sweet Larry, by Spadille — Janus, 

&.C. 

PILGRIM, [Imp''d] bl. h. by Samson — Regulus— Greyhound mare— Brown 

Traveller, the grandam of Malchem, &c. 

Foaled, 1762. 
by Yorick, (by Morton's Traveller,) dam a Little Davie mare, 

g. daiii by Old Traveller out of Muslin Face, &c. 

1777. Wm. Smith, 

-dap. gr. by Fearnought, dam Brandon by Aristotle, &c. 



Foaled, 1774. B. Harrison. 

PILOT, b. c. by Sir Archy, dam by Gallatin. 

J. J. Harrison. 

r. c. by Flimnap, dam Hope by Shark. 

b. c. by Sir Henry, dam Slow and Easy by Duroc. 

Sherman. 

PIRATE, by Sir Archy, dam Lady Hamilton by Sir Arthur — .Medley- 
Mark Anthony, &c. 

VV. R. Johnson. 
PILLGARLIC, by Old Janus, dam by Imp'd Jolly Roger, g. dam by Silver 

Eye, &c. 
PILL BOX, (Dr. Dixon's) by Imp'd Pantaloon, dam Melpomene by Bur- 
well's Traveller, g. dam Virginia by Mark Anthony. 
PINK, by Lee's Mark Anthony, dam by Jolly Roger — Jenny Cameron, <fec. 
PINK OF RETREAT, ch. by Young Tom Tough, (by Old Tom Tough,) 

dam by Buzzard, g. dam by Jones' Wildair. 
PIROUETTE, [Imp'd] ch. f. by Tenier's dam Marcondotti by Muley, &.c. 

Craig &. Corbin. 
PLAY or PAY, [Imp''d] b. h. got by Ulysses, dam by King Herod — Regu- 
lus — Royal George's dam by Rib — Snake — Coney Skins — Hutton's 
Barb, fee. 

Foaled, 1791. J. Iloomes. 

PLENIPOTENTIARY, gr. c. by Ogle's Badger, dam Shrewsbury Nan, by 
Bajazet, &c. 
Rose Hill, Md. 1789. Thos. M. Forman. 

by the Arabian Dey of Algiers, dam Cora by Bedford. 

POCAHONTAS, b. f. by Randolph's Janus out of the dam of Powhatan. 

. by Topgallant, dam Pocahontas by Vintzun. 

Gov. Wright. 

by Vintzun, dam Pandora by Grey Diomede — Old Medley, 

&,c. 

b. m. by Sir Archy, dam Young Lottery, (by Sir Archy,) 

out of Lottery — Bedford, out of Imp'd Anvelina. 
1819. R. Singleton. 

POCOTALIGO, by Imp'd Bedford, dam Milksop by Justice. 

Gen. IMcPherson. 
POLLYPHEMUS, by Tayloe's Yorick, dam Selima by Old Fearnought. 
POLL,ch.i'. by (A.Young's) Peacock, (by Citizen,) dam Dutcliess by Ben- 
ford — Thresiier — Twigg, &,c. 

by Partner, dam by Mark Anthony — Old Parmer, &.c. 

H. Hayne. 
— — b. f. by Eclipse, dam Janus mare. 
POLL OF PLYMOUTH, ch. f. by Archduke, dam Imp'd Alexandria. 

I. Hooines. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 377 

POLLY BYRD, by Aristotle, dam Young Bonny Lass by Old Jolly Roger, 
g. (lam Bonny Lass. 

Brooks, b. f. by Inip'd Valentine, dam Sally Baxter. 

Thos. M. Forman. 

Flaxen, by Jolly Roger, dam Imp'd Mary Grey. 

H. Games. 

MopKiNS, b. m. by Virginian, dam Jenny by Archduke— Imp'd 

Stirling — Imp'd Obscurity, &c. 

Col. Wynne. 

Martin, b. m. by Benehan's Sir Arcby, dam by Inip'd Dion. 

Capt. Geo. A. Bkiney. 
. Mf.dlf.v, b. m. by Thornton's Medley, dam by Thornton's Mercu- 
ry — Bowie's .Sportsman, &c. 
-Peaculm, by Patriot l)y Isabella, (the gr. dam of Page's famous Isa- 



bella.) 
-Pf.achlm, b. f by John Richards, dam Fair Forester, &,c. 



1826. John Baker. 

Powell, by Virginian out of a full sister to Napoleon. 

POMPADOUR, by Valiant, dam Imp'd Jenny Cameron. 

Judge Tyler. 
POMONA, [Imp^il] b. m. by Worthy, (own brother to Wa.xey,) dam Co 

medy by Buzzard, her dam by Highflyer, (fcc. 

Petersburg, Va. Wm. Haxall. 

POOR CHANCE, ch. c. by Archduke, dam Milksop by Coeur de Lion. 

J. Hoomes. 
PORCUPINE, ch. by Imp'd Diomede, dam Diana by Claudius. 

1804. Wm. E. Broadnax. 

PORTO, [Imp^d] by King Herod, dam by Snap — Cade — own sister to 

Matchem's dam by Partner — Makeless — Brimmer, &c. Bred by 

Mr. Crofts, and foaled 1731. 

Thos. Goode. 
PORTO BELLO, by Commutation, dam by Walker's Flimnap, &c. 

Dinwiddle Cy. Va. 1796. Belf Starke. 

PORTI.\, b. m. by Clipper, (a son of Old Messenger,) her dam the dam ol 

Moggy by Defiance. 
b. f. bj' Shylock, dam Jessica. 

1825. J. Randolph. 

POST BOY, by Gabriel, dam by Hyder Ally, g. dam by the Old Grey Ara 

bian, g. g. dam bj' Ariel — Othello, &c. 

Ridgley. 

by Wrangler, dam 

B. Wilkes 
POTOMAC, b. h. by Imp'd Diomede, dam by Pegasus, &c. 

Mecklenburg'^ Va. 1804. Rich. Dennis. 

. Mare, by Potomac, dam by Gallatin. 

Kentucky. Jefferson Scott. 
P0T80S, by Old Medley, dam by Conductor, g. dam by Celer, &.c. 
Mare, [Imp''d] was got by Eclipse, dam by Gimcrack, &c. 

Foaled, 1792. Wm. Constable. 

POWHATAN, by Oscar, (he by Assiduous,) dam a Bashaw mare. 

Spotsylvania Cy. Va. John Holliday. 

gr. h. by Old Pacolet, dam by Powhatan, by Imp'd Diomede- 

by Imp'd Diomede, dam by Imp'd Shark — Old Celer — Im[.'d 

mare, &c. 
POWWANCY, by Sir Alfred, dam Virgo by Imp'd Young Sir Peter Tea 

zle, g. dam Castianira. 



378 AMERICAN STUD BOOK, 

PRECIPITATE, [Imp'd] a sorrel horse, fifteen and a naif hands Iiigh, 
bred by the Earl of Egremont, got by Mercury, dam by Herod, g. 
dam by Matchem out of Mr. Pratt's Old Squirt mare, &c. 
Foaled, 1787. Imp'd 1804. Wm. Lightfoot. 

PRESTLEY, l)y Chanticleer, dam Camilla byWildair, g. dam Minerva by 
Obscurity, &c. 

PRESIDENT, by Old CeJer, dam by Mark Anthony out of Bonny Lass. 

dap. gr. by Imp'd Clockfast, dam Haines' Old Poll by Fear- 
nought — Moore's Partner, &.c. 
DinwiddieCy. Va. 179G. Drury Jones. 

PRIMROSE, (Dr. Stockelt's) by Grey Medley, dam by Apollo, g. dam by 
Imp'd Granby — Hamilton's Figure, &.c. 

by Dove, dam Stella by Othello, Imp'd Selima. 

Dr. Hamilton. 

(RiDGLEv's) by Apollo, dam by Imp'd Granby — Hamilton's Fi- 
gure, &c. 

PRIMERO, by Mason's Rattler, dam Kitty Russell. 

Thomas Carter. 

PRINCE FREDERICK, [Imp'd] a bay fifteen and a half hands high, was 
got by Fortunio by Flororet, dam by Lexicon, g. dam by Sportsman, 
g. g. daui Golden Locks by Oronooko — Valiant, &c. 
Boston, 1798. Edw. Davis. 

Edward, ch. by Muckle John out of a Whip mare, &c. 

Georgia, 1828. C. A. Rudd. 

RuFERT, by Tom Tough, dam by Imp'd Sir Harry. 

King Wm. Thos. Carter. 

PRINCESS, by Sir Archy, dam a full blooded mare, bred by Lemuel Long 
of North Carolina, &c. 

Amiss. 

PRIZE FIGHTER, by Imp'd Expedition, dam Zelippa by Imp'd Messen- 
ger, &c. 

PROMISE, [/m;)'(/] ch. m. by Buzzard out of a Precipitate mare, the dam 
of Wizard, her dam out of Lady Harriet by Mark Anthony, &c. 

Wm. Haxall. 

by Grey Medley, dam by Apollo, g. dam by Imp'd Graul)y, &,c. 

Gen Ridgley. 

PROSERPINE, by Dare Devil, dam a Clodius mare, g. dam by Bolton, g. 
g. dam Sally Wright by Yorick, &,c. 
1797. J. Hoomes. 

b. m. by (Tenn.) Oscar, dam by Pacolet, second Diomede by 

Imp'd Diomede — Wildair, &c. 

Tennessee, 1323. J. C. Guild. 

PSYCHE, [I>iip\r] gr. m. by Sir Peter Teazle, dam Bab by Bordeaux otit 
of Speranza, own sister to Saltram by Eclipse — Snap, &,c. Imp'd 
by Gen. INld'herson. 
South Carolina. Foaled, 1802. 

PUNCH, [Imp\l\ got by King Herod, dam by Old Marske — Cullen Ara- 
bian — Black Eyes by Regulus — Crab — Warlock — Galloway, &c. 
1799. Win. Powers. 

rUNCHlNELLA, [Imp'il] by Punch, dam Craig's Highflyer by Highflyer 
of Tattersalls, g. dam by Galloway's Selim, &,c. 
Washington City, 1808. Wm. Thornton. 

PURITY, gr. m. by Sir Archy, dam by Bedford, g. dam (dam of Trifle) by 
Bellair — Shark — Wildair, Slc. 

Foaled, 1827. Chas. Botts &. T. Lawsow. 

PURE GOLD, by Stirling, dam by Escape, g. dam by Lord Louvaine's 
Percy Arabian — Kinj Herod, &.c. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 370 

PULASKI, ch. h. by Virginian, dam Constitution (by Diomede,) g. dam 
the dam of Lady Lagrange by imp'd Dragon, Bel Bounce, &-c. 

Thomas S. Goodrum. 

Q. 

QUAKER LASS, by Jumper, aam imp'd Molly Pacolet 

— — by Kouli Kahn, dam by Valiant, g. dam imp'd by William 

Byrd, and foaled 17^9. 

Theoderick Bland. 
QUEEN ISABELLLA, br. m. by First Consul, dam Nancy Dawson by Old 

Messenger. 
• Mab, [Jm/i't/] by Musgrove's Grey Arabian, dam Harrison's 

Arabian, g. dam by his Chestnut Arabian, Leeds, &.c. 

Imported by Gov. Ogle. 

-OF May, by imp'd Shark, dam by imp'd Janus, &c. 



1789. Thomas. 

QUICKSILVER, (formerly Snap,) s. h. by imp'd Medley, dam by Wildair, 

g. dam by Spark out of Col. Overton's Jolly Roger, and Valiant mare 

sold to H. Heath. 

1789. J. Tayloe. 

• by Mercury, dam Brondon fay Aristotle. 

1 783. Benjamin Harrison, 

QUIETUS, b. c. by Sir Henry, dam Slow and Easy by Duroc, &c. 

Sherman. 

b. c. by Speculator, dam Alexandria. 

1808. John Hoomes. 

QUIDNUNC, b. c. by Arabian Bagdad, dam Rosy Carey, (by Sir Archy,> 

g. dam Sally Jones by imp'd Wrangler — imp'd Traveller, &c. 

Tennessee, 1826. Rev. H. M. Cryer. 

R. 

RABBI, g. c. by Winter's Arabian, dam by one of the best sons of Hamble- 

tonian, g. dam by Spread Eagle. 

Alabama. J- & A. Gist. 

RACHEL FOSTER, gr. m. by Virginian, dam by Palafox— Betty Mufti by 

imp'd Mufti, &c. 
RAFFLE, ch. m. by Bellair out of a full sister to Narcissa. 

1798. Samuel Tyler. 

RANDOLPH, gr. c. by Rinaldo, dam (Ridgley's) Ophelia by little Medley, 

Sz.c. 
RANGER, [Imp^d] a Milk White horse got by Regulus, (son of Godolphin 

Arabian,) his dam by Mercury, Andrew, her dam by Steady, &.c. 

(Unsuccessful in racing.) Dr. Hamilton. 

< b. c. by Roanoake, dam Never Tire. 

John Randolph. 

(See Arabian Lindsay's.) 

dk. b. by Bussora, dam Alarm. 

• ch. c. by Heath's Childers, dam Tulip by Lindsay's White 

Arabian, imp'd Othello, George's Juniper, &,c. 

1793. Thos. M. Forman. 

RANTER, [Imp'd] b. foaled 1755, got by Dimple, (son of the Godolphin 

Arabian,) dam by Crabout of Bloody Buttocks, &c. Imp'd inx762, 

and stood in Stafford County, Va. in 1763. 
' ■ — Young, (See Young Ranter.) 

RASSELAS, by Sir Archy, dam by imp'd Play or Pay, g. dam by Bellair, 

imp'd Pantaloon, &,c. 1823. 

33* 



380 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

RATTLER, or (RATTLE,) by imp'd Shark, dam Lady Leggs, (the dam of 

Collector,) by Centinel — imp'd Fearnought and imp'd marc, &,c. 

N. Carolina, (foaled, 1796.) Bignell. 

ch. h. by Rattler, (by Sir Archy,) dam by Old Prize Fighter, 

g. dam Luffborough's Spread Eagle mare. 

Lancaster, I'a. 1829. Edward Pariter. 

by Sir Archy, dam by imp'd Robin Redbreast, g. dam by 



imp'd Obscurity, Old Slamerkin, <fec 

Wynne. 

ch. by Thornton's Rattler, dam Maid of the Mill. 

Walter Livingston. 

by Rattler, (by Shark,) dam Polly McCuUoeh. 

Peebles. 

-(See Fairfax.) 



-ch. c. by Kosciusko, dam by Archer. 



Kentucky. Edward M. Blackburn. 

(Alias Stafford,) ch. h. by Timoleon, dam Constitution (by 

Diomede,) g. dam imp'd Saltram, Old Wildair, Fearnought, &-c. 

E. Mason. 

Mare, c. ni. by Rattler, dam Jenny Windflower. 

C. Irvine. 

RATRAY, by imp'd Clifden, dam by Fitzpartner out of Ariminna by 
Brimmer. 

RAPLEY, gr. c. by Bassino, dam Clio by jmp'd Whip. 

Gen. Taylor, (Georgia.) 

RAPID, by Columbus, dam by Sir Archy. 

RAPPAHANNOCK, by Richmond, dam by Sir Alfred, g. dam by Sey- 
mour's Spread Eagle, Pantaloon, &c. 
Pennsylvania, 1830. 

RAVENSWOOD dk. b. h. by Sir Harry, dam Dutchess by Grouse. 

1815. J. Randolph. 

REALITY, by Sir Archy, dam by Medley, g. dam by Centinel, Mark An- 
thony, Janus, &,c. 

REAPHOOK, by Old Sir Archy, dam Irby's Dare Devil mare. 

E. Irby. 

RECRUIT, ch. by imp'd Stirling, dam Citizen by Wildair, gr. dam Miner 
va by Obscurity, g. g. dam Diana by Claudius, &c. 
Hickory Hill. 1807. Samuel Marshall. 

RED MURDOCK, (See Murdock.) 

RED ROVER, ch. h. (See Marcellus.) 

ch. h. by Carolirtiaii, dam Sycorax. 

Richard S. Nicholsor». 

RED FOX, by Virginian, dam by imp'd Knowsley. 

REFORM, br. h. by M.irylander, (by Thornton's Rattler,) dam by Rich- 
mond — Ogle's Oscar — Grey Diomede — Hall's Union — Leonidas, »SiC. 
Prince George Cy. Maryland. Geo. Simms. 

b. f. by Tariff, dam the dam of Chieftain. 

REGULUS, (L. Hurweli's) [Imjj\i\ got by Regulus, (a son of theGodolphin 
Arabian,) he was half brother to Bald Partner by Smiling Tom out 
of a Partner mare, lier dain by Cupid — Hautboy — Bustler, &,c. 
Foaled, 1747. 

by Silver Eye, grand sire Valiant, g. g. sire Jolly Roger, &c 

York C v. Va. 1770. James Shields. 

(Fitzhugh's,) b. h. by imp'd Fearnought, dam imp'd Jenny 



Dismal. Chatam near Fredg. 1774. 
REINDEER, b. c. by Arab, dam by Marske, &-e. 

1827. J. J. Haiiison. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 38 ! 

REMUS, [Jmp^d] by Dove — Spanker — Flj'ing Cbilders — out of Betsy Lcefls 

(sister to Leeds,) by the Leeds Arabian, &.c. 

N. farnlina, 1777. John Baird. 

RENOVATOR, g. c. by Chichester's Brilliant, dam Indiana by l-'lorizelle. 

1831. H. A. Tayloe. 

REPUBLICAN, by True Whig, dam Young Selima sister to the noterf 

Chatam, &c. 

William Brent. 
— bl. by imp'd Shark, dam by Fitzhughs' True Whig — Wornri 

ley's King Hernd — inip'd Silver Eye, &c. 
REPUBLICAN PRESIDENT, by imp'd Highflyer, dam by hnp'd Venitian 

— Don Carlos — imp'd Ranger — imp'd Dove, &.c. 

1805. Isaac Duckelt. 

RESTLESS, [Imp\r\ a dk. brown si.xteen hands high, got by Phenomenon, 

his dam Dutchess, she by Lesang, her dam Caliope by Slouch — Oro 

nooko, &,c. 

Foaled, 1738. Wm. Lightfoot. 

by Virginian, dam Roxana, (formerly Betsy Haxall.) 

Wm. R. Johnson. 
REVEIVGE, ch. c. by Florizelle, dam Britannia. 

1812. J. Tayloe. 

— or Young Janus, by Sir Archy, dam Frenzy by Gracchus. 

J. Randolph. 
RHODI.\N, gr. m. by Ragland's Diomede, Quicksilver, imp'd Pantaloon, 

imp'd Fearnought, &,c. 

Halifax Cy. 1816. Robert Easley. 

RHEA, by Chatam, dam by Eclipse, (who was the sire of Brimmer, &c.) 

g. dam by imp'd Shark, g. g. dam by imp'd Silver Eye. 
RICHMOND, ch. c. by Ball's i'lorizelle, dam Chestnut mare by Diomede, 

(fcc. Sold Dr. Thornton. 

1812. J. Wickham. 

RIEGO, bl. h. by Francisco, dam by imp'd Sir Peter Teazle, g. dam imp'ij 

Castianira. 

Hector Davis. 
RIOT, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by Burdett. 

Richard Long. 
RINALDO, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Miss Ryland by Gracchus. 

J. Randolph. 
RINALDINI, ch. c. by Baronet, dam Temptation by Heath's Cbilders, &o. 

1804. Thos. M. Forman. 

RIPLEY, ch. by Sir Charles, dam Betsy Robinson by Thaddeus. 
ROAN COLT,'[Imp''d] got by Sir Peter Teazle, dam by Mercury, g. dam 

Cytherea by Herod, g. g. dam by Blank, &c. 

Foaled, 1802. Imp'd by John McPherson. 

ROANOAKE, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Lady Bunbury by Trumpeter, &c. 

1817. J. Randolph. 

g. c. by Magic, dam Johnson's Old Medley mare. 

John, b. h. by Raveiiswood, dam Flora by Am. Eagle. 

Essex, Va. Jefferson Minor. 

ROANOAKA, ch. f by Ball's Florizelle, dam Cornelia by Chanticleer- 
Vanity by Celer, &c. 

1815. J.Randolph. 

ROEBUCK, by Sweeper, (son of Beaver's great Driver,) dam by imp'd Ba 

jazett. 
bh. by Fitzhiighs' Othello, dam by imp'd Othello. 

1 783. Wm. M. Wilkins. 



382 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

ROEBUCK, by Roebuck, (who was got by Powell's Selim, a son of Olrt 
Selim,) dam of Young Roebuck by imp'd Druid, Shark, Figure, Mark 
Anthony, &c. 
Brenio. Foaled, 1310. John H. Cocke, Sen. 

ROBERT BURNS, or Sir Arcliy, (See Sir Archy.) 

br. by Stockholder, dam by Sir Archy, (Robert Burns,) g. dam 

by imp'd Bedford, Hart's imp'd Medley. 

ROB ROY, ch. h. by Gracchus, dam imp'd Lady Bunbury. 

J. Randolph. 

by Sir Archy, dam imp'd Psyche. 

Col. Singleton. 

gr. h. by Winter's Arabian, dam by Young Baronet, g. dam 

by imp'd Damon, itc. 

ROBIN ADAIR, by Sir Archy, dam Lady Burton by Sir Archy. 

Dr. Wm. Terrell, (Geo.) 

ROBIN REDBREAST, [Imp\J] h. h. by Sir Peter Teazle, his dam Wren 
by Woodpecker out of Papillon by Snap, (the dam of Sir Peter Tea- 
zle,) Woodpecker by Herod, Sir Peter by Highflyer, Herod, &c. 
Foaled, 1796. Virginia, 1800. 

ROBIN GRAY, by imp'd Royalist, dam by Grey Diomede, g. dam by imp'd 
St. George, Cassius, &c. 

ROBIN HOOD, b. c. by Tippoo Sultan, dam Rosalia by imp'd Express, &c. 

ROCHESTER, b. c. by Alderuian, dam Thresher. 

ROCKINGHAM, b. h. by Old Partner, dam imp'd Blossom. 

1775. Gen. Nelson. 

by Sir Archy, dam by Rattler, g. dam by Medley, (lost his 

eyes at 2 years old.) 

J. D. Amis. 

RODERICK, by Dare Devil, dam by Bellair, g. dam by Wildair. 

1808. John Thornton. 

by Winter Arabian, dam by Lorenzo, g. dam by Blaze, &,c. 

Lexington, Kentucky. 

RODERICK DtlU, b. h. by Sir Charles, dam by Bedford, g. dam by Bel- 
lair, Shark, Wildair, Sec. 

T. Gary. 

RODERICO, ro. h. by imp'd Monkey, imp'd Silver Eye, imp'd mare, &,c. 

RODOLPHO, bl. h. by imp'd Hob or Nob, dam an imp'd mare, foaled 1768. 
N. Carolina. John McDermut. 

ROGER OF THE VALE, (See imp'd Jolly Roger.) 

ROMAN, [/«//''/] b. h. got by Camillus, dam by Eagle, g. dam l)y Trumpe- 
ter, g. g. dam by Highflyer, g. g. g. dam by Snap out of Miss Cleve- 
land by Regulus, &c. 
Imported into N. York, 1823. S. Williams. 

gr. h. byRoiijan, dam Ariel's dam Empress. 

b. h. by Roman, dam Pinkney's mare. 

Sherman. 

ROMP, bl . f. by Leander, dam Rosalia by Express. 

T. M. Forman. 

by imp'd Messenger and full sister to Miller's Damsel. 

Livings'ion. 

ROMULUS, s. h. by Mark Anthony, dam Pompadour by Valiant — Jenny 
Cameron, &c. 
Charles City Cj'. Va. 1775- Peter Dunn. 

by Sweeper, dam by imp'd Ranger, g. dam by Ariel, Othello 

&.C. 1789. Wm. Stewart. 

BOQUA, by Trafalgar, dam Fancy by Jubilee. 

Hanover, Va. N. Berkley. 



AMERICyVN STUD BOOK. 388 

ROSALBA, b. f. by Spread Eagle, dam Alexandria. 

1801. -'. Hoomcs. 

by Trafalgar, dam Hosalba by Spread F.agle. 

ROSALIA, b. f. by iinp'd Express, dam Betsy Bell by Old Cub. 

Tlios. M. Fornian. 
ROSALIE, gr. f by Kiiowsley, dam f'alypso. 
R0SABF':LLA, cH. m, by Topgallant, dam by iiitp'd Play or Pay, g. dan 

by Old Bellair — imji'd Pantaloon — Janus, &.C. 

Soiitlianipton C'y- Va. 1819. James Rochelle. 

ROSALIiNU.X, gr. m. by Tayioc's Oscar, dam by imp'd Expedition — inip'd 

Grey Highlander — im])'d Traveller, &.c. 

New Jersey. Jacob Vandyke. 

ROSAMUNDA, b. f. by Bedford, dam Gasteria. 

1804. J. Hoomes. 

ROSEM.\RY, by imp'd Diomede, dam Celia by Old Wildair, g. dam Lady 

Bolingbroke, &c. 
ROSETTA, by inip'd Centinel, dam Diana by Claudius. 
by imp'd Dion, dam by imp'd DriTid — Old Shark — imp'd Med- 
ley — imp'd Fearnought, itc. 

-ch. f by Sir Archy, dam Bet Bounce by Sir Harry. 



ch. m. by Wilkes' Wonder, dam Rosy Clack by Saltram, itc 

Tennessee. Lewis J. Polk, 

by Columbus, dam Lady Northumberland. 

L. Butler. 

by Sir Harry, dam Spot by Bedford, &,c. 

Wm. Dandridge. 
ROSICRUCION, b. c. by Dragon, dam imp'd Anvelina. 

1803. J. B. Richardson. 

ROSY CLACK, by imp'd Saltram, dam Camilla by Wildair. 
ROSY CAREY, by Sir Archy, dam Sally Jones by imp'd Wrangler. 
ROSELLA, b. m. by Obscurity, dam Maggy Lauder. 

.1817. Thos. M. Forman. 

ROWENA, br. m. full sister to Lafayette by Virginian. 

ch. m. by Sumpter, dam Lady Grey by Robin Gray, &;c. 

ROXALANA, gr. f. by Selim, (the Arabian,) dam Britannia by Pegasub. 

&.C. 

1806. J. Tayloe. 

ROXANA, by Sir Solomon, dam Aurora. 

by Hephestion, dam by imp'd Archer— Dare Devil, &c. 

by Sir Harry, dam by Saltram, g. dam by Wildair — Fearnought 

— Driver, &,c. 

blood b. by Gohanna, dam Kilty Clover. 

or Betsy Haxkn, by Sir Harry, dam the dam of Timoleon by 

Sir Archy, &,c. 
ROYAL CHARLIE, dk. ch. by Arastus, dam Aurelia by Hephestion. 
ROYALIST, [Imp^d] b. h. by Saltram, dam by King Herod, g. dam by 

Marske — Blank — Dizzley Driver — Smiling Tom, &,c. 

Foaled, 1790. Died in Tennessee, aged 24. 
ROYAL OAK, bl. h. by imp'd Othello, (or Black and All Black.) His dam 

was Dr. Maglather's Lovelace by Flying Childers, near the city of 

Anopolis, his gr. dam an imp'd mare by Bosphorus, &.C. 

Salem Cy. New Jersey, 1777. Wm. Riddle. 

RUSTY ROBIN, c. by Diomede, dam by Shark, g. dam Black Eyed Susan, 

&c. 

Thos- Goodt* 
RULER MARE, [Imp'd] by Ruler, dam by Turk, (he by Regulus,) g. dam 

by Snake, &c. 



384 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

VLAND, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Miss Ryland. 

1821. J. RatxJolpb 

s. 

SAT,LY BARONET, by Dungannon, dam bv Rlichau's Celer, g. dam by 
Celer — Old Fearnought, &,c. 

Brown, gr. by Buck Rabbit, dam by imp'd Knowsley, g. dam by 

Bellair, &c. 

VVm. D. Taylor. 
— ■ • Baxter, b. f. by Ogle's Oscar, dam Dianora by imp'd Expedition. 

Thos. M. Forman. 

Ci'RRiE, ch. m. by Matchless Diomede, (he by imp'd Diomede,) dam 

by Celer, g. dam by imp'd .Shark, &c. 

DuFFEE, gr. 111. by Diomede, dam i'orlorn Hope, &,c. 

H. Macklin. 
Hope, ch. f. by Sir Archy, dam a bay mare imp'd by Dunlop of Pe- 
tersburg, was by Chance, and vvas own sister to Grimalkin, tkat 
was sold to the Emperor of Austria for iJ7933, her gr. dam by Phe- 
nomenon, (fee. 

HoR.VET, b. f. by Sir Cliarles, dam by Hornet. 

Hector Davis. 

• Harvie, by Virginian, dam an Archy ^nare. 

Hill, dk. ch. m. by Trafalgar, dam Musidora by imp'd Archduke, 

g. dam Proserpine by imp'd Dare Devil, iScc. 

1818. C. B. Bwkley. 

Magic. (See Pandora.) 

Marre, b. m. by Carolinian, dam by Jack Andrews — imp'd Drive 

— Highflyer, Sic. 

W. D. Taylo' 
Morris, b. by Superior, dam by Tom Tough — Bedford, &c 

— — Melville, b. f b}' Virginian, dam Bet Bounce. 

— ^ Nailor, by imp'd Wonder, dam Primrose by Dove. 
INailor, oy Spread Eagle, dam 

Pai.nter, gr. m. by Evans' Stirling, dam Old Silver by Bellsize Ara 

bian. 
— Smith, by Virginian, dam a Gallatin mare. 

— Slouch, bl. m. full sister to W. R. Johnson's Star. 

Shark, by imp'd Shark, dam Betsy Pringle by Old Fearnought, &c. 

Taylor, ch. m. full sister of Betsy Robins. 

S. Carolina. B. F. Taylor. 

Trent, ch. m. sister to Gohanna. 

W. R. Johnson. 

Wilson, br. m. by Blackburn's Whip, dam by Hamiltoiiian by imp'd 

Diomede. 

Wright, by Yorick out of a full bred mare. J. Tayloe. 

Walker, by Timoleon, dam by Dragon out of Honeycomb by Jack 

Andrews — Pill Box by Pantaloon, &.C. 

F. P. Corbiri. 
by Muckle John, (by Muckle John,) dam Black Eyed Susan by Po- 
tomac. 
Georgia. J. Heister. 

SALTRAM, [Imp^d] dk. b. h. fifteen hands three inches high, (vvas near 
20 years old when imp'd,) was got by Eclipse, his dam Virago by 
Snap, g. dam by Regulus out of own sister to Black and All Black, 
sire of Tuting's Polly, fcc. 
Foaled, 1780. Wm. Lightfoot. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 385 

SALTRAM, by Stirling, dam Marcia by Siiark. 

1800. A.ex. Spotswood. 

SALADIN, b. c. by Crusader, dam Onea by Dockon. 

1830. James Ferguson. 

SALVADOR, by Singleton's Ganymede, dam Clio by imp'd Whip, g. dam 

Sultana by Spread Eagle, &c. 
SAMBO, ch. c. by Sir Archy, dam by imp'd Buzzard, g. dam imp'd Sym- 
metry by Trumpeter. 
SAM PATCH, by Rob Roy, dam by Telegraph, g. dam by Oscar, g.gr dam 

Ridgley's Primrose. 

1826. 
SAMSON, bl. h. by Traveller out of a fine English hunting mare. 

1767. John Wormley. 

SANS CULOTTE, ch. s. by Old Celer, dam Logania by imp'd Medley, &,c. 

Charlotte Cy. Va. 1802. Stephen Davis. 

SAPPHO, by Buckskin, dam Dutchess by Hero — Brutus — Tarquin — Old 

Prince, &,c. 

1791. 

-gr. f. by Tartar, dam Sultana by Spread Eagle. 

SARAH JANE, ch. m. by Virginian, dam Lady Jane by Potomac. 
SASSAFRAS, b. c. by Ware's Godolphin, dam Rosalia by P^xpress. 
SATELLITE, by Citizen, dam an imp'd mare by Wa.xy, imp'd by Col 

Bland of Prince George Cy. 
SAUCY PAT, f by Cormorant, dam Minerva. 

Eagle's Nest, 1803. B. Grymes. 

SAXE WiEMAR, full brother to Crusader and Kosciusko. 
SCARIOUS, by Roanoake, dam Miss Peyton. 

1829. J. Randolph. 

SCREAMER, ch. f. by Henry, dam Lady Lightfoot. 
SEAGULL, [Iinp\l] by Woodpecker, dam Middlesex by Snap — Miss 

Cleveland by Regulus out of Midge, &c. 

Foaled, 1786. Bush. 

by Sir Archy, dam Nancy Air by Bedford. 

Kentucky. 
SECOND DIOMEDE. (See Diomede Second.) 
SELAH, dap. gr. by Bussora Arabian, dam by imp'd Messenger out of a 

full bred mare. 

C. W. Van Ranst. 
SELIMA, by Topgallant, dam Jack Bull by Gabriel. 

T. Murphy. 

s. ni. by Spread Eagle, dam Virago by Shark. 

J. Tayloe. 

bl. m. by Old Fearnought, dam imp'd Selima. 

by imp'd Othello, dam imp'd Selima, &,c. 

Tulip Hill. Sanmel Galloway, 

ch. s. m. by Dandridge's Fearnought, dam by Bolton — Monkej — 

Dart, <S«:c. 

W'alter Coles. 

b m. l)y Yorick, dam bl. Selima, (by Fearnought.) 

-(T.\SKfR's) [Imp\r\ was by the Godolpliin Arabian, dam by Olc 



Fox — F'lving Childers, &,c. 
Foaled, i772. 
-VouNG. (See Young Selima.) 



SELIM, [Imp'd] was by Bajazet, daui Miss Thign by Rib— Lady Thign b\ 
Partner — Bloody Buttocki — Greyhouiul — Makeless — Brimmer, tScc 

Foaled, 1760. 



386 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

SELIM, dk. b. h. by Othello, (or Black and All Black,) dam Selim mare, 

&.C. 

1770. Galloway. 

Mare, jet black, by imp'd Selim — imp'd Hob or Nob — imp'd Evans' 

Stirling — im|)'d Merry Tom — imp'd Bucephalus out of a thorough 

bred mare, &,c. 

North Carolina. Foaled, 1774. Died, 1781. 

gr. h. (See Arabian Selim.) 

SENECA, by Old Rattler, dam Cora by Brown's Godoiphin. 

Georgetown, D. C. G. W. Peter. 

SENATOR, b. c. by imp'd Paymaster, dam Tulip by Lindsay's Arabian. 
SEPTIMA, irmp'J] by Othello, dam Moll Brazen liy Shark, &lc. 
SEPTIMUS, ch. c. by Gohanna, dam Vixen by Trafalgar. 
SERAB, [/«]/)'(/] by Phantom out of Jesse, by Totteridge, &c. ; her dam 

Cracker by Highflyer, out of Nutcracker by Matchem — Regulus- 

Cralj — Childers — Basto, &,c. 

Foaled, 1821. S. &, I. Coffin. 

Sold in England for $14,000. 
SEVERITV, by Napoleon, dam by Old Pacolet. 
SHARK, [Imp\l] n Hk. br. b. by Marshe, his dam by Shafton's Snap, g. dam 

by Marllxirougli, (brother to Babraham,) out of a natural Barb mare. 

Foaled, 1771. 

Noltingliam near Fredg. Va. 1767. Alex. Spotswood. 

br. h. by Sir Andrew, dam Kitty by imp'd Whip. 

C. A. Rudd. 
Mare, by imp'd Shark, dam 

179;J. J. Tayloe. 
bl. c. by American Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfbot. 

1830. 
Mare, ch. by Shark, dam Fetnah by Grey Diomede — Old Medley. 



E. Branch. 

SHAKSPEARE, dk. br. h. by Baylor's Fearnought, dam Stella by Othel- 
lo, &,c. 
1777. Robert Baylor 

. dap gr. h. by Baylor's Fearnought, dam imp'd, was by Cub, 

a bon of Old Fox, &c. 

Northumberland, Va. 1776. P. P. Thornton 

-1). Ii. by Virginian, dam by Shenandoah, by Potomac. 



SHAWNEE, by Tecumseh, dam by Citizen, full sister of the dam of Ma 

rion. 
SHENANDO.\H, by Potomac, dam Hill's bay mare by imp'd Febrifuge — 

Grey Diornecie — W'ildair, &,c. 
. gr. c. by Pilgrim, dam Swan by imp'd Eagle. 

1828. J. Randolph. 
SHEPHERDESS, bl. m. by Sweeper, (by Hamilton's Figure,) dam by 

Tasker's Othello — Morton's Traveller, &c. 

1829. T. J. Hanson. 
s. m. by Phenomenon, dam by imp'd Diomede— imp'd 

.Shark — imp'd Medley, <!t.c. 

Richard Adams. 
by imp'd Slim, dam Shrewsbury by Old Figure, g. dam 



by Dove — Selinia by Othello, &,c. 

New York. 
SsHOCK, [f?np\l'\ b. h. by Jig, dam by Snake, Grey Wilkes by Hautboy, 

Miss D'.Arcy's Pet mare, daughter of Sedbury Royal mare. 

Foaled, 1729. 
SHOWM.V.N, by imp'd Fearnought, dam imp'd Jenny Dismal. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 387 

SHREWSBURY, by Hamilton's Figure, dain Thistle by imp'd Dove, g. 

dam Stella by imp'd Olhello. 
-Nan, br. by Bajazett, dam by Lloyd's Traveller, g. dam imp'd 

mare by Babraham. 

] 784. T. M. Forman. 

SHYLOCK, b. h. by imp'd Bedford, dam by Old Diomede, g. dam by imp'd 

St. George, Fearnought, J oily Roger, &,c. 

Edm. Irby. 
Mark, by Shylock, dam by Sting, g. dam Cades by Wormley's 

King Herod by imp'd Fearnought, &-c. 
SIDI HAftlET, br. b. by Virginian, dam Lady Burton by Sir Archy, &c. 

Foaled, 1825. S. Davenport. 

SIGNORA, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Miss Peyton. 

1824. J. Randolph. 

SILK STOCKINGS, ch. h. by Ogle's Oscar, dam Maria Slamerkin by First 

Consul. 
SILVER, [Imp'd] dap. gr. by Mercury, (who was by Eclipse,) dam by He- 
rod, g. dam Young Hag by Skim, Crab, Childers, Basto, &c. (Did 

not succeed as a stallion.) 

John Drew. 
Mare, [lmp''d] by Belsize Arabian. 

Surry Cy. Va. Wm. Evans. 

SILVER EVE, [Imp'd] got by CuUen Arabian, dam by Curwen's Bay 

Barb, Curwen Spot, White Lesgs, &,c. 

Duvall. 

ch. h. by imp'd Silver Eye, dam an imp'd mare. 

SILVER LEGGS, by Morton's Traveller, dam Jenny Cameron, &c. 

1770. 
SILVER HEELS, dap. gr. by Ogle's Oscar, dam Pandora by Grey Dio- 
mede. 

Robert Wright. 
by John Richards, dam by Sir Solomon, g. dam Trumpeter. 

N. J. 1828. J. Davison, 

-by Jolly Friar, Whitacre's Mark Anthony, Lee's Old Mark 



Antnony, Spadille, imp'd mare. 
SILVER TAIL, by imp'd Clockfast, dam Young Primrose by Wormlev's 

King Herod, &.c. 
by Sir Archy, dam Coquette. 

1829. Tiios. Branch. 

— by Old Tanner, dam by Selim, Panlon's Arabian, dec. 

1781. 
SIR ARCHY, or ROBERT BURNS, b. h. by Old Diomede, dam imp'd Cas- 

tianira. 

J. Tayloe. 
Archy, jun. b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by Albemarle, (son of Diomeae) 

out of Penelope by Shark. 
Archv, h. h. by Sir Archy, dam Transport by Virginius, &c. 

Kentucky. William Dickey. 

Archy Yoing, (See Young Sir Archy.) 

Archy, (Moore's,) by Amis' Old Sir Archy, dam by Little Dnvei. 

imp'd Bay Richmond, Janus mare, &,c. 
.Archy Montario, by Sir Archy, dam Transport by Virginius 

Aaron, ch. c. by Tormentor, dam by Revenge. 

Parker. 

Andrkw, gr. by Marske, (by Old Diomede,) dam Virago by imp'd 

Whip, Partner, &lc. 

(ieorgia, 1816. .'ohn Thomas. 



388 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

SIR ANDREW bl. c. by Thomas' Sir Andrew, dam Black Eyed Susan by 

Potomac. 1826. 

Arthur, by Sir Archy, (Old,) dam Green's Old Celer mare, &c. 

W. R. Johnson. 

Arthur Mare, ch. by Sir Arthur, dam Sally Nailor. 

Albert, by Rattler, dam Laura by Col. Lear's imp'd Barb horse. 

Alfred, g. by Sir Andrew, dam Lady Alfred, (Haxall's) dam oj 

Waxey, &c. 

George A. Rudd. 

Alfred, b. by Sir Harry, dam Lady Chesterfield. 

Wm. Haxall. 

Alfred Young, (See Young Sir Alfred.) 

Bolingbroke, by Selden's Old Superior, dam by Hyde's imp'd Pie 

tender. Highflyer, Shark, &.c. 

H. Campbell. 

Charles Pinxkney, by Sir Charles, dam Pawnee. 
Charles, ch. by Sir Archy, (Old,) dam by imp'd Citizen, g. dam bj 

Commutation, imp'd Dare Devil, imp'd Shark, imp'd Fearnought. 

W. R. Johnson. 

Charles, ch. by Duroc, dam Maria Slamerkin. 

Charles, by Robin Adair, dam Black Eyed Susan by Potomac, &c 

James Hester. 
— — — Dudley, ch. c. by Rob Ro}', dam an Oscar mare. 

Simmes. 

Hal. br. by imp'd Sir Harry, dam by imp'd Saltram, g. dam by 

imp'd Medley, Young Aristotle, &.c. 
Harry, [[mp\l] lir. by Sir Peter Teazle out of Matron by Alfred, g. 

dam (dam of Pilot,) by Marske, Regulus, Steady, Palmer, Grey 

hound, &c. foaled, 1794. 

Petersburg. Wm. Elaxall. 
Harry, ch. by Bussora Arabian, dam imp'd Maria by iinji'd Livel}', 

Selim, &c. Van Ranst. 
Harry, by Diomede, dam by Obscurity. 

Halifax. J. Nelmes. 

Henry, by Pacolet, dam Madam Tonson. 

——— Henry, by Sir Archy, dam by Diomede — Bellona by Bellair, &c. 

Humphrey, by Old Tuckahoe, dam the dam of Maryland Eclipse. 
James, dk. bl. b. by Sir Archy, dam by Diomede, Pilgrim, Old Fear 

nought, iVc. 

John Moore, by Young Bedford, dam by Melzar, g. dam Betsy Ba 

ker by Medley, itc. 

Lovell, b. h. by Duroc, dam Light Infantry by Messenger. 
Peter Teazle, [ Imp^d] b. h. by Old Sir P. Teazle, dam Lucy by Con 

ductor. Spectator, Blank, Flying Childers, &c. 
Peter, by imp'd Knowsley, dam by Bellair, Wildair, V^ampire, imp'd 

Kitty Fisher, &,c. 

Peter, br. h. liy John Stanley, dam Lady Chesterfield. 

Peyton, by Shylock, dam by Citizen. 

RoDiN, by imp'd Robin Redbreast, dam by imp'd Dare Devil, Shark, 

Apollo, &c. 
Richard, gr. h. fidl brother to Monsieur Tonson by Pacolet, &,c. 

Tennessee, 1830. Thos. Forall 

Richard, by Sir Archy, dam Lady Jane, g. dam Anvelina. 

Solomon, by imp'd Tickle Toby, dam Vesta by Dreadnought, Clock 

fast, 4ic. Died 1829. 

1805. James Macklin 

Solomon YouNci, (See Young Sir Solomon.) 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 391h 

SIR WILLIAM, by Amazon, dam Rlack Eyed Susan by Potomac, (fee. 

AVii.i,iAM,ch^h. (Clay's) by Sir Archy, dam by Bellair, g. dam by Pil- 

griiii, (fee. 

L. Long. 

William, by .Sir Arciiy, dam Transport by Virginius, (fee. 

J. B. Richardson. 

William Wallace, by Sunipter, dam by Wliip (of Kenty.) 

VVm. Wallace, ch. h. by Oscar, dam 

Van Meter. 

Wm. Wallace, by Kosciusko, dam Pianiingo, her dam Lee's Ol.I 

Va. mare. 

Kentucky. E. M. Blackburn. 

SIMON PURE, bl. h. by Sir Archy, dam Philadelphia. 

J. Randolph. 
SKIM, (Alias Farmer or Lord Portmores' Skim,) [///yj'tZ] gr. by Starling 
out of Miss Mayes by Bartlet's Childers. 
Foaled, 1746. 
SKY LEA PER, br. b. by Sir James, dain Vixen by Trafalgar. 

ScRAFER, by Lamplighter, dam Miss Doe. 

Aliens. 

SLAMERKIN, (See Maria Slamerkin and Maggy Slamerkin.) 
SLENDER, [//«//'(/] b. by King Herod, dam Rachel by Blank, g. dam by 
Regulus, Sore Heels by Basto, Makeless, tfec. Foaled, 1779. 
Sans Souei, N. Y. 

b. m. by Sir Charles, dam Reality by Sir Archy. 

W. R. Johnson. 
SLIM, llmp\l] a dk. eh. by Wildman's Babraham, dam by Roger's Babra- 
ham, g. dam by Sedbury out of Ebony, ifec. 
Marcus Hook, N. Y. 1775. A.Dick. 

SLOVEN, [Imp'cl] bl. h. foaled 1756 by Cub, dam by Bolton Sterling, Go- 
dolphin Arabian, Bonny Black, «fcc. 
SLOE, by imp'd Partner, dam (Nelson's) imp'd Blossom. 

Thos. M. Forman. 
SLIP JOINT, b. c. by Messenger, dam Temptation, g. dam by Heath's 

Childers, (fee. 
SMILAX, ch. m. by Grey Diomede, dam Atalanta by Old Medley. 

James Blick. 
SMILING BILLY, by Ariel, dam by Tasker's Othello, g. dam by Spark, 

1767. H. Duvall. 

SMILING TOM, ch, t. by Coeur de Lion, dam Betsy Baker by imp'd 

Spark, (fee. 1806. 
by Tom Jones out of an imp'd mare. 

1775. 
SNAP, by imp'd Figure, dam Gen. Herd's Nettle. 
SNAP DRAGON, br. h. by Collector, dam by Fearnought, Spadille, Fa 

brieius, (fee. 

Foaled, 1798-9. J. Tayloe. 

SNIP, gr. c. by Roanoake, dam Blue Ruin. 

J. Randolph. 

by Oscar, dam Britannia, (fee. 

SNOW STORM, b. h. by Contention, dam Roxana by Sir Harry, g. aaio 

by Saltram, Wildair, Fearnought, (fee. 

Foaled, 1825. E. Warfield, (Kenty.) 

SOLDIER, ch. c. by Bedford, dam Raffle by Bellair. 

1803. J. Hoonics. 



300 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

SOPHY WINN, b. m. by Blackburn's Whip, dam by Buzzard, g. dam bj 

Columbus, Celer, &c. 

1822. E. Warfield. 

SOURKROUT, [Imp\r\ b. by Highflyer, dam Juvell by Squirrel, Sophia by 

Blanl<, out of Lord Leigh's Diana by Second, (fee. Foaled, in 1786. 

Stood in I'eunessee. 
SOUTHERN ECLIPSE, (See Eclipse Southern.) 
SPADILLE, [Imp''d] by Highflyer, dam Flora by Squirrel, Angelica by 

Snap, Regulus, Bartlet's Childers, &,c. 

1784. 

-by Janus, dain an imp'd mare. 



SPANGLOSS, by (Winston's) Junius, dam by Jolly Roger, g. dam by 
Fearnought, &,c. 
1797. Benj. Toller. 

SPARK, [linji^d] was imp'd by Gov. Ogle, and given to him by Lord Balti- 
more, who received him as a present from Fredericit, Prince of 
Wales; Spark's dam was Miss Colvill. 

SPANKING ROGER, by Jolly Roger, dam imp'd Jenny Dismal. 

SPECIMEN, by Old Fearnought out of Jenny Dismal. 

SPECULATOR, [Imp'd] br. h. by Dragon, dam sister to Sting by King He- 
rod, g. dam Florizelle's dam by Cygnet, g. g. dam by Cartouch, g. g. 
g. dam Ebony by Childers, &c. Foaled, 1795. 
Kentucky. R. J. B. 

(Late Confessor,) by Shark, dam Fluvia by Partner, &c. 

1795. J. Tayloe. 

SPIRANZA, own sister to Sallram by Eclipse. 

SPOT, [Imp'd] (See Young Spot.) 

by Apollo, dam Jenny Cameron. 

oh. c. by Shylock, dam by Buzzard, g. dam by inip'd Symme- 
try, &c. 

-by Bedford, dam by Cade, g. dam an Alfred mare. 



SPOT MARE, [Imp'd] gr. by Lockhart's Grey Spot, dam by Traveller, g. 

dam by SediJury, Cartouch, Bartlett's Childers, &c. Imp'd 1765. 

South River. John Craggs. 

SPORTSMAN, b. h. by Bussora Arabian, dam Sportmistress by Hickory, 

&c. 

Boston. Ed. Eldridge. 
bl. h. by Galloway's Selim, dam by imp'd Dove, g. dam by 

Othello out of Tasker's Selima. 

Prince George Cy. Maryland. F. Bowie. 

SPORTMISTRESS, g. m. by Hickory, dam Miller's Damsel by Messenger, 

&c. 

Queens Cy. N. Y. 1818. Thos. Pearsall. 

SPREAD EAGLE, [Imp'd] by Volnnteer, (one of the best sons of Eclipse,/ 

his dam by Highflyer, Engineer, Cade, Lass of the Mill by Old Tra- 
veller, Young Greyhound, &c. Foaled, 1792. 

Bowline Green, Va. J- Hoomes. 

SPRITE, ch. {. by Sir William, dam Maria Archy. 
SPRING HiLL, by Sir Archy, dam INtiss Monroe by Precipitate, &,c. 
SQUIRTILLA, b. f. by Boxer, dam Louisa by Eclipse. 

1796. J. Tavloe. 

STAFFORD, (See Rattler, alias Stafford.) 
STANLEY, by Sober John, dam imp'd mare. 
STANDARD, b. c. by Sir Archy, dam an Archy mare. 

1829. Wray Si, Snnple. 

STAR, [Imp'd] dk. b. by Highflyer, dam by Snap, g. dam by Riddle by 

Matchem. Foaled 1785. Died 1811. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 391 

STAR, bl. b. by Virginian, dam Roxana by Sir Harry. 

Wm. R. Johnson. 
STATELY, by imp'd Sober John, darn imp'd Strawberry. 
STATIRA, [Imp\l] ch. m. by Alexander the Great, (sister to Lyciirgus by 

Buzzard,) Rose by Sweetbrier — Merleton by Snap. 

Foaled, 1809. J. Randolph. 

STELLA, b. f. by Marplot, dam Betsy Baker. 

by Tasker's Othello, dam Selima, (sister of Galloway's SeHm.) 

STERNE'S MARIA, by (Gibbs') Carlo, dam by Ridgley's Cincinnatus— L. 

Beard's Badger out of Black Snake, &.c. 
STEUBEN, by Kosciusko, dam Irvina by Virginian — Pandora by Bellair, 

fee. 

1825. J. Ferguson. 

STOCKHOLDER, b. by Sir Archy, dam by Citizen— imp'd Stirling— Har- 
ris' Eclipse, &,c. 

b. h. by Stockholder, dam Bryant's Diomede mare. 

Mare, by Stockholder, dam Pantaloon, g. dam by Magog, &c. 

STORM, b. 0. by Cormorant, dam Darlington mare by Darlington, &c. 

1799. J. Hoomes. 

St. GEORGE, [Imp'd] br. b. fifteen hands three inches high, foaled 1789, 

was got by Highflyer, dam by Eclipse — Miss Spindle Shanks by 

Oman — Godolphin Arabian, ifcc. 
St. TAMMANY, full brother to Florizelle. 

Alex. F.'Rose. 
St NPCLAUS, b. c. by Roanoake, dam the dam of Arch Dutchess. 

J. Randolph. 
St. PAUL, [Imp''d] ch. h. by Saltram, dam Purity by Matchem, out of the 

Old Squirt mare. 

Foaled in 1791. Imp'd to Va. 1804. Harris. 

STING, by Jack Andrews, dam Marigold by Dungannon, out of a thorough 

bred mare. 
STIRLING, [Imp'd] b. h. by Volunteer, dam Harriet by Highflyer, g. dam 

by Young Cade, g. g. dam Childerkin by Second, out of the dam ol 

Old Snap, &c. 

Foaled, 1792. J. Hoomes. 
[im^j'i/] dap. gr. by the Belsize Arabian out of Mr. Simpson's 

Snake mare, she by Snake out of the Duke of Cumberland's famous 

mare, dam of Caio, &,c. Foaled, 1762. 

Surry County, Va. 1768. Wm. Evans. 

— b. h. by Carroll's Badger, dam Darnell's Primrose. 



Bait. 1787. Wm. Patterson. 

—Mare, by Stirling, dam imp'd Mambrino. 

J. Ferguson. 
STRAP, [Imp\T] b. h. by Bennington, dam by Highflyer— Tattler— Srrip, 

&c. Foaled, 1800. 

North Carolina, 1803. H. Cotton. 

STRETCH, gr. f by PotSos, dam Thresher by Shark. 
STUMP THE DEALER, by Old Diomede, dam by Shark. 

1804. Tbos. Hamlin. 
by Bryaii O'Lynn, dam by Grey Diomede — Old 

Wildair — Spadille — Old Janus, &c. 
SUKEY TAWDRY, b. f by imp'd Stirling, dam Nancy Medley. 

King Geo. Va. 1800. Charles Stuart. 

SULTANA, by Black Sultan, dam Barb mare. 

J. W. Eppea. 
by Spread Eagle, dam Orelia by Percy. 

S. Carolina. Rich. A. Kapley 

34* 



392 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

SULTANA, by Wildair. Delancy. ' 

SUMPTER, ch. by Sir Archy, dam by Robin Redbreast, own sister to th« 

dam of Rattler — F^lving Childers, &c. 
SUPERIOR, by (Cook's) Whip, dam a Union mare. 

Kentucky. E. M. Blackburn. 
b. h. by imp'd Diomede, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 

1811. J. M. Selden. 

Mare, gr. by Superior, dam by Quicksilver, g. dam by imp'd 



Shark, &c 

West Tennt ssee. R. C. Dickinson. 

SURPRISE, by Old Sir Solomon, dam Potter's Oscar, Jun. by Ogle's Os 
car. 

ch. c. by Americus, dam Calypso. 

Foaled, 1801. Wm. Alston 

SUSAN, ch. m. by Bond's Sir Solomon, dam Columbia by imp'd Baronet 
—Old Cub— Partner, &,c. 

SUSAN FAVOURITE, gr. m. by Sir Hal, dam Wynnes' Young Favourite 
by Bedford. 

SUSAN MARY, b. m. by (Cook's) Whip, dam by Buzzard, g. dam Por- 
ter's fine mare. 

SUSANNA, ch.m.by'fMuItnomer.dam by imp'd Knowsley, g. dam by Box- 
er — Syrnmes' Wildair — Old Janus. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 

SUSSEX, by Sir Charles, dam a Sir Harry mare, dam of Kate Kearney, 
&.C. J. M. Selden. 

SUWARROW, b. by Columbus, dam by imp'd Venitian — imp'd Figure — 
Slamerkin by Wildair, &c. 

SWEEPER, by imp'd Figure, dam by Tasker's Othello— Morton's Travel- 
ler — Tasker's Selinia, &c. 
Prince Geo. Cy. Maryland, 1780. Joseph Pierce. 

[/m/i'J] bl. by Sloe, dam by Mogul — Partner — Coney Skins, Slc. 

Foaled, 1751. Iinp'd into N. C. 

SWEET ERIN, ch. f. by American Eclipse, dam Maria Slamerkin, &c. 
New Jersey, 1829. Dr. E. A. Darcy. 

SWEET SURRY, by Spadille, dam by Janus, g. dam by Jolly Roger- 
Monkey, <fec. 

SWEETEST WHEN NAKED, gr. m. by Tattersall's Highflyer in England, 
dam gr. m. Virago, imp'd by Mr. Hyde. (She was foaled in Ame- 
rica, and bred by Alexander Spotswood.) 
1«17. J. Tayloe. 

SYLVIA, b. f by Spencer's Moreau, dam Romp by Leander. 

SYLPH, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Witch. 

1828. J. Randolph. 

SYREN, ch. f by Silver, dam Caroline by Eclipse. 
Tennessee, 1800. 

SYMMETRY, [Imp'd] ch. m. bred by Lord Clermont, foaled 1799, got by 
Trumpeter, dam Young Doxy by Imperator, g. darn Old Doxy by 
King Herod. 

-b. f. by Gibbs' Flimnap, dam Brilliant mare. 



1789. 



T. 



TALMA, gr. c. by Henry, dam Sportmistress by Hickory. 

TANNER, [Imp''d] dk. b. h. by Cade, one of the best sons of the Godol 

phin Arabian. 

1765. Maryland. Dan. Wolstenhohne. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK, 

TANNER, by inip'd Tanner, dam Camilla by Othello. 
TAKE IN, b. c. by Gracchus, dam Young Frenzy. 

1823. John Raudoljjft. 

TALLYHO, by Tiickahoe, dam by imp'd Dioniede. 
TARIFF, dk, b. by Sir Archy, dam Bet Bounce. 

Wm. R. Johnson. 
TARTAR, g. c. by Winter Arabian, dam Young Buzzard mare. 
by Diomede, dam by Celer, g. dam by imp'b Bay|Richmond. 

Amelia, Va. James Hill. 
b. c. by Bedford, dam Atalanta by Dictator. 

Foaled, 1805. 
Mare, by Flimnap, dam by Old Pharaoh, g. dam imp'd by Mi 

Fenwicks, sen. got by Tartar — Young Sweepstakes. 

Foaled, 1780. Edw. Fenwick. 

TECUMSEH, by Sir Archy, dam the imp'd Gamenut mare out of Alle- 

grante by Pegasus. 

A. J. Davie. 

by Rob Roy, dam Thistle by Oscar. 

Dixon. 

by Florizelle. 

TELEGRAPH, [Imp\q br. h. by Sir Peter Teazle, dam Fame by Panta- 
loon out of the dam of Diomede by Spectator, &c. 

Foaled, 1795. Baldock. 

b. h. by Lamplighter, dam by Old Wildair, g. dam by Rock- 

itigham, &c. 

King Wm. Cy. Va. 1800. Wm. Anderson. 

by Old Wildair, dam Lagonia by Medley. 

J. Randolph. 



by imp'd Spread Eagle, dam inip'd Janette by Precipitate, 

&c. 
TELEMACHUS, by Old Diomede, dam by imp'd Dare Devil, g. dam by 

Commutation — Damon, &c. 

Brunswick, Va. Merritt. 

ch. by Dungannon, (by Bedf' ^-d,) dam by Lawrence's Dio- 
mede — Paris — Clodius, &c. 
TEMPTATION, b. by Heath's Childers, dam Maggy Lauder by imp'd 

P^earnought, &,c. 

1786. T. M. Forman. 
TERROR, by Janus — Mark Anthony — out of an imp'd mare. 
br. c. by American Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfoot. 

1829. Stephens. 

THADDEUS, by Ball's Florizelle, dam Dare Devil mare, g. dam by Old 

Wildair, <fec. Edm. Irby. 

THALESTRIS, gr. f by Elliot's Jerry, dam Cornelia Bedford by the Duke 

of Bedford, &,c. 
THISTLE, by imp'd Dove, dam Stella by imp'd Othello, g. d. Tasker ■ 

Selima. 
ch. m. by Oscar, dam by imp'd Clifden. 

Pr. Geo. Maryland. E. B. Duva.l 

THOR, b. h. by Diomede, dam by Wildair, g. dam by Clockfast, &,c. 

Philip Rodgers. 
THORN, b. c. by Sir James, dam Nettletop. 
THORNTON MEDLEY. (See Medlev Thornton.) 
THRESHER, gr. m. full sister to Opossum. 

Messrs. Tayloes. 
TIB, by Sir Archy, dam by Old Celer, g. dam by Clodius, g. g. cam sy 

imp'd Fearnought, &c. 



394 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

TICHICUS, ch. c. by Clifton, dam Miss Chance by Chance, (fee. 

TICKLE TOBY, [Imp\q br. foaled 1785, got by Alfred, dam Celia by He- 
rod, out of Troserpine by Marske, &c. 

TIMOLEON, ch. c. by Sir Archy, dam by imp'd Saltram— Old Wildair— 
Driver, &c. 

bv Grey Diomede, dam Bonny Lass. 

(Called Tiiiioleon of Maryland.) 1830. W. Townes. 

TIGER, by (Cook's) Whip, dam by Paragon, imp'd Figure, &c. 

TIPPOO SAIB, gr. h. by Old Messenger, dam imp'd mare — (Thompson's) 
Northumberland. 

. ■ by Lath, dam Brandon by Aristotle, &,c. 

1780. 

-by Lindsay's Arabian, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 



Sultan, b. h. by Tippoo Saib, dam Rosetta by Bajazett. 

TOBY, [Imp'd] ch. h. by Old Janus— Old Fox— Bald Galloway, &c. To- 
by was full brother to Old Janus, &c. 

N. Carolina. Col. Alston. 

b. c. by Cannon's Ranger, dam Sally Baxter. 

1822. T. M. Forman. 

TOKEAH, ch. f by (Dr. Thornton's) Don Juan by Rattler, dam Frederica 

oy Escape, (Horn's.) 

Messrs. Tayloes. 
T. K. b. m. by a son of imp'd Wonder, dam Smilax. 

1818. James Blick. 

TOMASIA, by Young Alfred, dam Dy Old Tom Tough — Lamplighter, &c. 
TOM JONES, [Imp''d] gr. h. fifteen hands high, by Croft's Partner — True 

Blue — Cyprus Arabian. Foaled, 1745. 

Richmontl County, Va. Sir M. Beckwith. 
by imp'd Tom Jones, dam Betsy Blazella by Blaze, &.c. 

Maryland, 1764 
TOM, by imp'd Eclipse, dam an imp'd mare. 

Richard Hall. 
TOM TOUGH, ch. c. by imp'd Escape, (Horn's,) dam Fairy by Bedford, 

Slc. 
Mare, by Tom Tough, dam by Lawrence's Diomede, g. 

dam by Lamplighter, &,c. 
TOM TACKLE, br. c. by Archduke, dam Fairy by Bedford. 

1805. 
TOM PIPER, by Janus, dam Ethiopia by Bedford, (he by Teller's Bed- 
ford,) g. dam by imp'd Bedford. 
TOOTH DRAWER, b. c. by Dare Devil, dam Virginia by Medley, &c. 

J. Hoomes. 
TOPAZ, ch. c. by Rob Roy, dam Flora by Ball's Florizelle. 

1826. Joseph Lewis. 
b. c. by Roanoake, dam Jet. 

1828. John Randolph. 

TOPGALLANT, b. h. by imp'd Diomede, dam by Shark—Harris' Eclipse 

— Mark Anthony — Janus, &c. 

Foaled, 1800. J. Tayloe. 

. b. bv Topgallant, dam by Old Wildair — imp'd Black and 

All Black, (or Othello.) 

-by imp'd Druid, dam by Bedford, (sire of Rosabella.) 



TORPEDO, by Sir Alfred, dam by Potomac out of the dam of Madison 

and Monroe. 
TOUCHSTONE, [Imj/d] by Clothier, (by Matchem) out of Bethell's mare 

Riet — Riot by Regulus — Matchem by Cade out of a Partner mare, 

&,c. dam's side not aiven. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 395 

TRANSPORT, br. b. by Virginiiis, dam Nancy Air. 

1812. J. B. Richardson. 

TRAFALGAR, by imp'd Miifti, dam Calypso, sister of Bellair. 

Lewis Berkley. 
TRAFFIC, g. by Sir Charles, dam Sally Brown. 

Thomas Doswell. 
TRAVELLER, (Morton's) [Imp''d] b. h. by Partner, who was a grandson 

of the Byerly Turk — Traveller's dam was by Bloody Buttocks, an 

Arabian, Greyhound, Makeless, &,c. 

Richmond C}'. Va. 1754. Foaled, 1748. 

(Strange's,) [Imp''d] was by Eclipse, see Charlemont, &,c. 

(Lloyd's,) by Morton's Traveller, dam Jenny Cameron 

(Southall's,) b. h. by Burwell's Traveller, dam an imp'd 

mare. 
(Burwell's,) by Morton's Traveller, dam by Janus, Lycur- 

gus, &.C. 
ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam by Sir Archy, g. dam Whaley's 

imp'd Sunflower. 
(Young,) by Morton's Traveller, dam Miss Colville. 

1761. Col. Tasker. 

TROUBLE, ch. c. by Duroc, dam Sporlmistress, &,c. 

1321. 
TROUBLESOME, b. c. by Monsieur, dam Jenny by Archduke. 
TRIPSY, by Figure, dam Homespun by Romulus, Venus by Hero, &c. 

1800. 
TRIMMER, by Hall's Eclipse, dam by imp'd Slim, Old Figure, &c. 

Prince George, Md. 1791. Wm. Lyles 

TRISTRAM SHANDY, by Morton's Traveller, dam by Old Janus ou: oi 

a fine English mare. 

Caroline Cy. Va. 1777. James Upshaw. 

TRUE WHIG, by Fitzhughs' Regulus dam, dam of Apollo. 
TRUE BLUE, [Imp'd] b. h. by Walnut, dam by King Fergus, Celia by He- 
rod out of Proserpine by Marske. 

Foaled, 1785. James Turner. 
ch. by Tormentor, dam by Expedition, Sir Solomon, Honest 

John, Messenger, &,c. 
TRUE BRITON, b. by Task*r's Otliello, dam Milley by Spark, and was 

full sister to Col. Hopper's Pacolet, her dam Queen Mab. 

1761. 
TRUFFLE YOUNG, (See Young Truffle.) 
TRUMPETTA, [Imp'd] b. m. by Trumpator, dam by Highflyer, g. dam by 

Eclipse out of Vauxhall's dam, who was by Young Cade. 

Foaled, 1797. J. Tayloe. 

by Hephestion, dam Peggy by Bedford, g. dam imp'd Peggy 

bv Trumpator, &c. 

1816. 
TRUMPATOR, b. c. by Dragon, dam imp'd Trumpetta. 

1804. J. Tay!oe. 
by Sir Solomon, dam by Hickory, g. dam imp'd Trumpetta, 

Kentuciiy, 1829. Samuel Davenpoit 

TRUMP, ch. c. by Janus, dam Last Chance. 

J. Randolph, 
TRUXTON, b. c. by Old Diomede, dam Nancy Coleman. 

Andrew Jackson. 
TRY ALL, by Morton's Traveller, dam Blazella. 
TRY, b. m. by imp'd Wonder out of a Chanticleer mare. 

J. M. S«ldea. 



396 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

TUCKAHOE, by Florizelle, clam oy imp'd Alderman, g. dam by Clock- 
fast, &c. 

Va. 1827. J. Wickham. 
b. h. by Tuckahoe, dam by imp'd Expedition, imp'd S.'enJer, 

Herd's Snap, ttc. 

N. Jersey. Corns. Cruser. 

TUBEROSE, ch. f. by Timoleon, (sire of Sally Walker,) dam Rhodian by 

Radland's Diomede, itc. 
T[JLIP, ch. by Lind!:a}'s White Arabian, (Ranger,) dam by imp'd Othello, 

g. dam by Gorge's Juniper, die. 

1782. 
ch. f. by Alexander, dam Maria Archy. 

1830. 
TURK, bl. c. by Arab, dam by Florizelle, g. dam Maria by Bay Yankee, 

Sic. 
TUP, [lmp''d] b. h. by Javelin, dam Flavia by Plunder, out of Miss Eustace 

oy Snap, &c. 

Foaled, 1796. 
TWIG, by imp'd Janus, dam Puckelt's Switch, also by Janus. 

Thomas Hudson. 

u. 

UNCAS, ch. c. by Sir Archy Montario, dam Leocadia by Virginius. 

1828. J. B. Richardson. 

■ ch. c. by Stockholder, dam by Powhatan. 

1827. O. Shelby. 
UNION, (Hall's,) by imp'd Slim, dam by imp'd Figure by Dove by Othello, 

out of Tasker's Selima. 

1777. Dr. Hamilton. 
(Chesley's,) b. h. by Shakspeare, dam by Nonpareil, g. dam 

by Morton's Traveller, &c. 1783. 

UNCLE SAM, b. by John Richards, dam Sally Baxter by Oscar, imp'd 

Expedition, Old Cub. 

1828. Thomas M. Forman. 
UPTON, b. c. by May Day, dam Jesse by Telegraph. 

, C. S. W. Dorsey. 

V. 

VALERIA, b. f. by Monsieur Tonson, dam Betsy Wilkes, &.c. 

1832. G. A. Blaney. 

VALENTINE, [Imp'd'] by Magistrate, dam Miss Forester by Diomede, 

Alexander, the dam of Captain Absolute by Sweet William. 

1826. ^ Thomas Connagh. 

VALIANT, [Tmp''d] got by Dormouse, dam by Crab, Partner, out of Thwait's 

dun mare. 
VARIETY, b. f. by Wilkes' Potomac, dam Dutchess by Bedford, g. dam 

Thresher. 
VAMPIRE, [Imp'd] by Regulus, dam by Steady, son of Flying Childers, 

&c. 

Foaled, 1757. 

b. c. by Bedford, dam Britannia by Wildair. 

J. Hoomes. 
VANITY, b. f by Sir Archy, dam by Old Medley, (full sister of Reality,) 

(broke her neck on New Market track.) 
b. m. by Celer, dam by Mark Anthony, Jolly Roger, Silver 

Eye, &c. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 397 

VANSICKLER, (Bela Richards',) b. c. by John Richards, dam Covert 

mare by Am. Eclipse. 
VAN TROMP, by Sir Hal, dam by Coeur de Lion. 

Gen. R. Eaton. 
VELOCITY, by Rob Roy, dam Simmes' (Mab) bay mare by Ogle's Oscar, 

g. dam Edelin's Floretto, &c. 

1827. Simms. 

VILLAGE MAID, full sister to White Stockings by Silver Heels. 
VENITIAN, ch. h. by Rob Roy, dam Maid of Patuxent by imp'd Magic, 

g. dam Kitty Fox by Fox, and he by imp'd Venitian, &,c. 
^— [Imp'd] b. c. by Doge, dam by Matchem, her dam by Small 

Bones, sister to Squirrel. 

Foaled in 1774. 

N. B. This horse was sent back to England. 
VESTA, by Dreadnought, dam by Clockfast, Americus, Traveller, &.C. 
VESTAL, dk. br. f. by Monsieur Tonson, dam Fair Forester by imp'd 

Chance, &.C. 
VETO, ch. c. by Contention, dam Columbia by Sir Archy. 
VICTOR, ch. by Contention, dam by Minor's Escape, g. dam by Sans Cu- 

lotte, Mahomet out of a thorough bred mare. 
VICTORIOUS, by imp'd Fearnought, dam by Clevis, (he by Fearnought,) 

g. dam by Hunting Squirrel. Imp'd by Gen. Nelson. 
VIGNETTE, ch. f by Sir Richard, (by Sir Archy,) dam Desdemona by 

Virginius, &lc. 

J. B. Richardson. 
VIOLET FAME, by Contention, dam by Tom Tough, her g. dam by 

Strange's Traveller out of a full bred Wildair mare. 
VINCENTA, by imp'd Messenger, dam by imp'd Slender, g. dam by imp'd 

Lath, &c. 
VIOLA, gr. f by Gallatin, dam Clio by imp'd Whip. 

1820. Wade Hampton. 

VIOLANTE, ch. f. by imp'd Young Peter Teazle, dam Selima by Spread 

Eagle, &.C. 1809. J. Tayloe. 

VINTZUN, by imp'd Diomede, dam Maria by Clockfast, Maria by Regu 

ius, &,c. 

(Sold for $2,750.) Gov. Lloyd. 

VIRAGO, [Imp'd] by Star, dam Virago by Panton's Arabian out of Crazy 

by Lath, which was sister to Snip, &.c. 

Orange Cy. Va. Robert Young. 
ch. m. by imp'd Shark, dam imp'd Virago. 

Foaled, 1791. J. Tayloe. 

ch. m. by Wildair, (who was by Ajax,) dam by imp'd Ham 

ilton, g. dam by Spread Eagle, &c. 

A. F. Rose. 

by imp'd Whip, dam by Partner a full brother to Thomas' 



Queen of May, and out of a niare by imp'd Shark, &c. 

Mann. Page, 
VIRGO, br. f by imp'd Sir Peter Teazle, dam Castianira. 

J. Tayloe. 
VIRGINIA, (Coquette,) by Virginius, dam Dorocles by imp'd Shark, Clock 
fast, &,c. 

J. Ferguson. 

— -gr. f. by Medley, dam by Pegasus, g. dam Sally Wright, &.C 

1790. J. Hoomes. 

— by Dare Devil, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 

Col. Selcen. 
——— by Old Mark Anthony, dam Polly Byrd. 



398 AMERICAJV STUD BOOK. 

VIRGINIA, by Skyscraper, dam Polly Ready Money by Bowie's Cmcin 
natus out of a Va. mare. 

I b. f. by Marylander, dam Belinda by Escape, Bedfoid, Gas 

teria, &c. 

E. G. Butler, 
-by Timoleon, (by Grey Diomede,) dam Maid of Oakland by 



imp'd Stirling, Hall's Eclipse, &cc. 

-ch. m. by Sir Hal, dam Beauty by Diomede, Virginia by Ma 



rylander, &.c. 

J. M. Selden. 

Lafayette, (See Janette.) 

Taylor, b. f. by Sir Archy, dam Coquette. 

\Vm. R. Johnson. 
Eclipse or American, by imp'd Eagle, dam Malvina by Pre- 
cipitate, &,c. 

G. Chichester. 

Nell, by imp'd Highflyer, dam by Gallant. 

Sorrel, ch. m. by Virginia Sorrel, dam Black Selima by Fear- 
nought. 

1798. J. Tayloe. 

-SoRRF.L, s. h. by Black and All Black, (Othello,) dam by Tay 



loe's Yorick, g. dam by imp'd Whittington, imp'd Silver Eye, &c. 

P. Conway. 
-Winn, ch. by Charles, dam by Tom Tough, imp'd Hamilton, 



Wildair, Fearnought, &,c. 
VIRGINIAN, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Meretrix by Magog, Narcissa by 

Shark, Rosetta by Centinel, Diana by Claudius, &c. 

Foaled, 1815. J. J. Harrison. 

VIRGINIUS, by imp'd Diomede, dam Rhea by Chatam, g. dam by Eclipse. 

(who was the sire of Brimmer, Wilton Roan, &,c.) imp'd Shark, 

Silver Eye, (fcc. 
ch. by Virginius, dam Transport. 

1826. J. B. Richardson. 

VIOLANTE, s. m. by Sir Peter Teazle, dam Selima by Spread Eagle, &,c. 

1810. J. Tayloe. 

VIVIAN GREY, Ir. gr. by Lonsdale, dam MegMerrilies by Trafalgar, &c. 
VIXEN, full sister to Nettletop by Trafalgar. 

L. Berkley. 

■ by Old Medley, dam Penelope by Yorick. 

VOLANTE, [Imp''d] by Volunteer, dam Lava by Sulphur, g. dam Maria 

by Blank, Snip, Lath, &c. 

Foaled, 1797. Imp'd 1799. J. Hoomes. 

VOLTAIRE, by Smiling Tom, dam by Silver Legs out of Moll Brazen. 

Northumberland Cy. Va. 1781. J. Thornton. 

VOLUNTEER, [Imp'd] ch. h. by Volunteer, dam by Whipcord, own bro- 
ther to Woodpecker, Blank, Old Crab, Childers, &-c. 

1794. John Tayloe. 

by First Consul, (by imp'd Slender,) dam by imp'd Arakoo- 

ker, imp'd Messenger out of a Bashaw mare, &.C. 

b. c. by Bedford, dam imp'd Favourite. (Sold Mr. Morto i o*' 



Kentucky.) 

1799. J. Hcomes. 

WABASH, by Sir William, dam by Eagle. 
WAKEFIELD, br. f by Sir Hal, dam Grand Dutcness. 

J. Randolph. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 399 

WALNUT, by imp'd Archibald, dam Cremona by Spread Engle, g. dan; 

Gasteria by Balloon. 
WARSAW, (Ik. ch. by American Eclipse, dam Princess by Sir Archy, g. 

dam by Peebles' Rattler, g. g. dam Dangola. 
WASHINGTON, gr. by Pacolet, dam Old Rosy Clack by imp'd Saltram, 

&c. 

O. Shelby. 
ch. h. by Timoleon, dam Ariadne by Citizen. 

North Carolina, 1829. 

ch. by Rattler, (he by Sir Archy,) dam Lady Jane by 

mp'd Obscurity, g dam Molly by Grey Figure, »&c. 

Dixon. 

WAXEY, b. by Sir Archy, dam by Sir Alfred, g. dam by Ha.xall's imp'd 

mare Primrose by Buzzard. 
WAVERLEY, b. c. liy Sir Charles, dam Josephine by Flying Dragon, g. 

dam by Hamiltonian — Si. George — King Herod, (tc. 

1829. Wincliester, Va. J. M. Brome. 

WEAZEL, by Sliylock, dam Irby's Dare Devil mare. 

ch. f. by imp'd Wrangler, dam Thresher. 

Mark Ale.xander. 
WEDDING DAY, (The) r. h. by Bellair, dam by Fearnought. 

Foaled, 1791. J. Tayloe. 

WEEHAWK, l)y Shawnee, dam by Gallatin. 
WHALEBONE, br. c. by imp'd Alderman, dam Atalanta by Hart's Old 

Medley. 
WHIG, by Fitzhughs' Regulus out of the dam of Apollo. 
WHIP, [/»!/*'</] br. h. fifteen hands three inches high, got by Saltram, his 

dam by King Herod, g. dam by Oronooko — Cartouch, Slc- 

Foaled, 1794. Imp'd 1801. Richard Bland 

(Cook's) by imp'd Whip, dam by Spread Eagle — Bellair, &c. 

WHIRLIGIG, [/m/i'rf] dk. b. fifteen hands high, by Lord Portmore's horse 

Captain, he by Cartouch, &.c. his dam by the Devonsiiire Blacklegs, 

son of Flying Childers, &c. 1774. 

WHITE FEATHER, by Conqueror, dam by Diomede. 

L. Long. 
WHITE LEATHER, b. c. i)y Roanoake, dam Everlasting. 

1824. J. Randolph. 

WHITE STOCKINGS, by Silver Heels, dam Snip by Oscar out of Bri 

tannia, &c. 

Maryland. Robert Wright. 

WHISTLE JACKET, by Diomede, dam Lucy Locket by Bellair, &c. 
• blood b. by imp'd Monkey — imp'd Silver Eye — Mor- 
ton's Traveller, &,c. out of a thorough bred imp'd mare, &c. 

Capt. Tinneswood. 
WHISKEY, by Chanticleer, dam Poll by Partner. 
(Washington's) g. by Saltram, dam by Bellair, g. dam by 

Wildair — imp'd Driver, &,c. 
WHY NOT, b. h. by Old Fearnought, dam by Othello, g. dam by Spark, 

&,c. 

Gloucester, N. Jersey, 1780. James Tallman. 

WILDAIR, [Imphl] b. h. (foaled in 1753, and imp'd in 1764,) was got by 

Cade out of the Steady mare, her dam by Partner — Greyhoufld — 

Matchless, &c. Wildair was imp'd by Mr. Delancy of New York, 

and afterwards reshipped to England. 
(SvMMEs') br. b. h. by Old Fearnought, dam by Jolly Roger out 

of Kitty r'isher, &c. 

Rockv Mills, Hanover Cv. Va. C"ol. John .Symmes. 

35 



400 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

WILDAIR, (Sims') b. h. by imp'cJ Wildair, dam b}' Ariel, g. damby imp'd 
Othello, (fee. 
Maryland, 1778. Col. Jos. Sims. 

by John Symmes' Wildair, dam by Handell, g. d. by Camden 

— Jolly Roger, &c. 

Forks of Hanover, Va. 1804. John Thornton. 

by Ajax, dam by Knowsley, g. dam by Highflyer, g. g. dam by 

Old Wildair, &.C. 

R. Walker. 

(Jones') blood b. by Symmes' Wildair, his dam by Film nap out 

of a Fearnought mare. 

Wylie Jones, 
by Rochester, (a son of Cripple, who was a son of Old Janus,) 



dam by Butler's Fearnought, by Old Fearnought, (fee 
Tennessee. 
WILD MEDLEY. (See Medley Wild.) 
WILD FIRE, b. f. by Roanoake, dam Wildfire by Gracchus. 

J. Randolph. 

by Gracchus, dam Everlasting by Sans Culotte. 

J. Randolpn. 
WILD CAT, ch. m. by Play On, (who was full brother to Stump the Deal 
er, and by Old Diomede,) dam by Mercer's Janus — Shark, (fee. 

Wm. D. Taylor. 
WILD DEVIL, b. h. by Old Dare Devil, damby Symmes' Wildair— Rock 
ingham — Spanking Rodger, &,c. 

Hanover Town, Va. 1803. Jolin Anderson. 

WILTONIA, by Stirling, dam Little Molly by Medley. 

Wm. Randolph. 
WINGY FEET, by Ruffin's Jolly Roger, dam Melpomone. 
WILBERFORCE, br. c. by Pacotaligo, dam Miss Crawler. 
WINDFLOWER. (See Hernadotte.) 
WITCH, ch. ni. by Gracchus, dam Everlasting, (fee. 

J. Ranaolph. 
WITCHCRAFT, b. c. by Roanoake, dam Witch, (fee. 

J. Randolph. 
WINTER ARABIAN. (See Arabian Winter.) 

WONDER, [/m;)'rf] dk. ch. h. fifteen hands tiiree inches high, got by Phe- 
nomenon out of Brown Fanny by Old Diomede, g. dam by Maiske 
— Skim — Crab — Childers — Basto, &,c. 
Foaled, 1794. Imp'd in 1802. 

by imp'd Diomede, dam by Tippoo Saib — Brimmer — Silver 

Eye — Jolly Roger mare, «fce. Wilkes. 

. br. e. by Old Flimnap, dam Kitty Fisher by Os'-^'-. 

-by imp'd Wonder, dam by Diomede. 



1815. G. R. A. Brov/n. 

WORMWOOD, gr. e. by Sir Archy, dam a Clifton mare. 

WOODLARK, b. f Ijy Roanoake, dam Paroquet. 

J. Randolph. 

WOODPECKER, ch. by imp'd Dragon, dam (Irby's) Dare Devil mare- 
Old Wildair — Fearnougiit, (fee. 

1804. C. Sallard. 
WOOSKY, ch. f t'y Dragon, dam Raffle by Bellair. 

1805. J. Hoomes. 
WORTHY, g. m. by Sir Hal, dam by Sir Archy. 

Maryland, 1814. J. Powder, jun. 

WRANGLER, by imji'd Dioinedc^, dam Lady Bolingbroke. 

Col. Selden. 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 401 

WRANGLER, bl. b. by Sir Alfred, dam Clio by Sir Archy— Beauty by 

Dioniede — Virginia by Dare Devil, &,c. 

18-24. C. W. Van Ransl. 
[7»i;)V/] b. h. by Dioniede, dam Sir Charles Sedbury's Flea- 

catciier by Gold Finder — Squirrel, &c. 

Foaled, 1794. 
»VREN, b. in. by Thornton's Rattler, dam by Sir Archy, g. dam Noli Me 

Tangere, g. g. dam Castianira, &c. 

G. A. Blaney, U. S. A. 
VVYANDOTT, ch. by Piatt's Alexander, dam Honest Jane — Alexander by 

imp'd Bedford — Honest Jane by inip'd Honest John. 

Y. 

YANKEE DOODLE, by Virginian, dam the dam of Maid of Lodi. 

J. J. HarriscHi. 

YANKEE MAID, ch. f by Sir Archy, dam 

YARICO, by Medley, dam by the i'ennsylvania Farmer, g. dam by Pega 

sus, g. g. dam by Bolton. 

1790. J. Hoomes. 

YELLOW ROSE, ch. m. by V^'ildair, (by Ajax,) dam Pet. 
VORIClv, ch. c. by Bellair, dam Virginia Sorrel. 

1795. J. Tayloe. 
(Old) by Morton's imp'd Traveller, dam imp'd Blazella by Blaze 

(In England.) 

1767. John Craigs. 
Mare, ch. by (Old) Yorick, dam by Lath, g. dam by Fearnought- 
Sober John, &c. 

D. Patterson. 
YOUNG ARCH DUTCHESS, by Janus, dam Arch Dutchess. 

J. Randolph. 

Adeline. (See Adeline Young.) 

Alfred, by Old Sir Alfred, dam Alaricus by Americus. 

Sir Alfred, ch. s. by Old Sir Alfred, dam Jane by Knowsley, dec. 

Walter Coles. 
Sir Archt, by Sir Archy, dam Virginia, full sister of Desdemona, 

&c. 

Bedford, by imp'd Bedford, dam by Harris' Eclipse. 

Baronet, by imp'd Baronet, dam by imp'd Othello, g. dam by imp't? 

Figure, &,c. 

Baj-azett. (See Bajazelt Young.) 

BoN.\Y Lass, by Old Jolly Roger, dam Hardiman's Old Bonny Lass 

Bussora, b. h. by Bussora out of a Duroc mare. 

Canandaigua, N. Y. Col. Wm. Blossom. 

Cormorant, b. c. by Cormorant, dam Virginia Ne'.i. 

Clown, by imp'd Clown, dam Old Black Snake, g. dam by Nonpa- 
reil. 

Dare Devil. (See Dare Devil Young.) 

Dion, dam Bainbridge, 

Drummer, b. c. by Drummer, dam Betsy Ball, &c. 

Hamburg, 1808. Thos. M. Forman. 
DioMEDE, by Tayloe's Grey Diomede, dam by imp'd Gabriel out ol 

Active by Chatara — out of Shepherdess by imp'd Slim, &c. 

Benjamin Ogle. 
Director, sor. h. by Old Director, (of Va.) dam by Tartar— Spread 

Ea/^le — Percy, &c. 



402 AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 

YOUNG DL'ROC, b. by OW Duroc, dam by impVI Gabriel, g. dam by 

Lindsay's Arabian, &,c. 

Pennsylvania. John Snyder. 
Eacle, by inip'd Eagle, dam Arabella by Dare Devil out of a Clock- 
fast mare, &,c. 

Rio'iinond, Va. Samuel McCraw. 

• EiiONY, [/m;/c/] gr. m. by Muley, (an Arabian,) dam by Fanton's 

Old Crab — Devonsliire Cliilders — Basto — Black Barb, &:c. 

1762. 
Eclipse, ch. by American Eclipse, dam by Old Bajazett, (formerly 

Young Tanner,) g. dam by Old Mercury — imp'd Messenger, &.c. 

Camljridge, New Jersey. Edw. Long. 
Favourite, liy imp'd Bedford, dam by imp'd Diomede — Beilair — 

Clockfast, &,c. 
Fearnought, by Gay, dam l)y Old Fearnought, g. dam by the same, 

g. g. dam by Jolly Roger. 

— Florizelle, [Imp^d.] (See Florizelle imp'd.) 

Florizelle, by l^all's Florizelle, dam Fair Maid by First Consul, 

tfcc. 

Gov. Sprigg. 
Figure, blood b. h. by imp'd Ilighfl^'er, dam by Old Figure, g. dam 

by Camillus, &,c. 

Frenzv, by Gracchus, dam Minikin, &c. 

J. Randolph. 

Grand Dutchess, by Sir Archy, dam Old Grand Dutchess. 

J. Randolph. 

Hickory, by Hickory, dam I,avinia. 
Janus, b. h. by Hynes' imp'd Janus, dam a Lj'curgus mare — nnp'c 

Crawford — imp'd Justice, &,c. 

Wm. Hynes. 

Janus. (See Revenge, or Young Janus.) 

Ix)TTERY, by Sir Archy, dam Lottery by Bedford. 

Madison, by Madison, dam Minerva by Diomede. 

Medley, by Cup Bearer, itam by Old Medley, g. dam by Hams' 

Eclipse, Lonsdale, imp'd Shark. 

Frederick Cy. Matthew Page. 
Medley, Ir. gr. by Beilair, dam by Pennsylvania Farmer out of a 

Partner mare, &.C. 

Thomas Wells. 

MoREAU, by Ridgley's Moreau, dam Virginia by Skyscraper, &c. 

Spencers. 

Minikin, by Gracchus, dam Old Minikin, &c. 

J.R. 
Narcissa, b. f by Play or Pay, dam Old Narcissa by Wildair, &c. 

1802. J. Hoomes. 

Oscar, (See Oscar Young) 

Paul Jones, by Old Paul Jones, dam by Marius, (belonging to 

Charles Carroll of Carrollton,) gr. dam by Old Silver Heels, Crab, 

&c. 

Samuel Norwood. 
Pacolet, gr. by Pacolet, dam by imp'd Coeur de Lion, Juba, Pea- 
cock, Ola Partner, &c. 
. - — PEGiiY, ch. m. by Gallatin, dam Trumpetta by Hephestion, g. dam 

Peggy by Bedford. 

Foaled, 182L W. Hampton, jim. 

._ . -Post Boy, by Ridgley's Post Boy, his dam out of the Mountain Filly, 

rcjneliines called Selima 



AMERICAN STUD BOOK. 403 

YOUNG RANTER, br. b. by Ranter, dam a fine blooded mare. 

RoMH, (dam of Livingston's Camilla,) by Duroc, dam Romp by imp'd 

Messenger. 
Shark, by Shark, dam by Eclipse, g. dam by Eclipse out of Britannia. 

Sf.lima, by Old Fearnought, dam Ebony by Othello. 
Spot, [Imp\i'\ ch. by Old Spot and he by Blank, Spot's Jam by Maj • 

tindales' Regulus, Jig, Goliah, &c. 

Imp'd by Mr. Hyde of Fredericksbg. 
— ■ Sir Peter Teazle, [Imp''d] (See Sir Peter Teazle.) 

Sir Solomon, jun. by Old Sir Solomon, dam Maid of Northampton 

by imp'd Clifden. 

1823. Henry Lazier. 

■ Sltperior, by Superior, dam Pirate by Lamplighter, &,c. 

Tom Tough, by Old Tom Tough, dam by imp'd Buzzard, g. dambj 

Jones' Wildair. 
Truffle, [/m/;'</] br. h. bred by the Duke De Guiche, was got by 

Truffle out of Helen by Whiskey, her dam Brown Justice by Jus- 
tice, Old Truffle was got by Sorcerer out of Hornby Lass by Buz 

zard, &c. 

Orange Cj'. Va. 1830. James Barbour. 

— Traveller, (See Traveller Young.) 

^ t, d? 



Topgallant, by Old Topgallant, dam by Shark, g. dam by Harris 

Eclipse, Mark Anthony, &c. 

Virginian, b. h. by Virginian, dam by Enterprise (by Floiizelle.) 

Yorick, by Tayloe's Yorick, dam by Figure, g. dam by Dove, Task- 

er's Othello out of Selima, &,c. 

1783. Fielder Bowie. 

Z. 

ZABUD, by the Winter Arabian, dam by imp'd Spread Eagle, g. dam ^ 

Sir Peyton, (by Shylock.) 

Kentucky. R. J. Breckenridge. 

ZAMOR, gr. by Silver Heels, (by Ogle s Oscar,) dam Aurora (by Vintzun^^ 

g. dam Pandora, (by Grey Diomede,) g. g. dam by Hall's Union, 

Leonidas, &c. 
ZENOBIA, by Don Carlos, dam by George's Juniper. 
ZELIEKA, ch. m. by Gracchus, dam Miss Chance by imp'd Chance. 

Messrs. Tayloea 
ZELIPPA, by Old Messenger, dam Dido by imp'd Bay Richmond, g. dam 

Old Slamerkin, (by Wildair,) g. g. dam imp'd Cub mare, &c. 



35* 



405 




INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRAINING, 

BY CHARLES DUVALL. 

Let the horse be in good flesh when you put him up ; night and 
morning walk him four miles, well clothed with one blanket and a 
«uit of horse clothes, for eight days ; water him between the walk- 
ing with forty swallows ; feed him at nine in the morning, at twelve 
o'clock, at six in the evening, and at nine at night, with three quarts 
of oats and chopped corn, one-fifth chopped corn, giving him one 
bundle of blades after feeding in the morning, at twelve o'clock, and 
at six o'clock : after feeding at nine at night, give him two bundles 
of blades. Let him be well rubbed before each feed with straw as 
to his body, and his legs with woollen rubbers ; let him have a good 
bed of straw ; let his feet and legs, night and morning, before you 
take him in, be washed with warm water and Castile soap ; then 
for eight days more, in the morning, gallop two miles before wa- 
tering and one mile after, and in the evening one mile before wa- 
tering and one mile after, clothing and rubbing before each feed as 
before. After that prepare him for sweating, by feeding with two 
quarts at six o'clock, and at nine o'clock the same, giving him no 
blades, and having him well muzzled ; let him be well rubbed and 
have a good bed of straw, always keeping his feet well stuiFed with 
cow-dung. Let your turf be kept well harrowed and soft. At 
day-break take him to his training ground with three, four, or five 
blankets, and his body-clothes ; let him go four miles, the first three 
half-speed, the fourth mile at a sweeping rate with a tight rein, 
and a rider not exceeding the weight the horse should carry. Then 
strip him on the field, carefully scraping, rubbing, and brushing him 
till dry ; then put on his usual clothes and walk him an hour; then 
take him to the stable ; then scald a gallon of bran, add cold water 
to it till milk warm, and let him drink what he will of it. Then 
let him be well rubbed and dressed; then scald two quarts of bran, 
and two quarts of oats ; mix them, putting among them a table 
spoonful of flour of sulphur and as much antimony as will lie on a 
cent, and let the horse eat it warm ; then take two bundles of 
stemmed blades, and sprinkle thera with salt and water, and give 
him ; then take some warm bran and water and wash his legs, rub- 



406 INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRAININa. 

bing them dry with straw and woollen rubbers ; then leave him till 
twelve o'clock ; then feed as usual with three quarts at twelve ; at 
four in the evening brush him and let him walk an hour ; then wa- 
ter him with water aired or branch water ; then walk him a quar- 
ter of an hour, take him in and have him well cleaned and rubbed ; 
then feed at six and nine with three quarts of grain ; then muzzle 
him. In the morning after his sweat take him to the ground and 
strip him as for a race ; then run him two miles with a tight rein, 
and continue him two miles more in a loose ; then clean him and 
rub him dry ; clothe him and walk him till cool, then take him in, 
wash his feet, and rub them dry, cleaning him, rubbing him, stuff- 
ing his feet, and feeding as usual : so continue to gallop every night 
and morning, as before directed, to wit : In the morning first gal. 
lop two miles, second gallop one mile, and in the evening one mile 
each gallop ; sweat every eight days. Train your colts in martin, 
gales ; bleed after the first sweat, and if necessary after the second 
eweat. Those are the rules I observe in training. 

CHARLES DUVALL. 

From which, the rules observed by Mr. Thomas Larkin, of Vir- 
ginia, varied in these particulars: he feeds in the morning with 
four quarts, at twelve with two quarts, and at night witli four 
quarts ; same blades as Mr. Duvall. Morning gallops first two miles 
and a half, second two miles. Evening, gallops first two miles, 
second one mile and a half. Sweats five miles, and brushes his 
horse before he takes him in ; after cleaning, and rubbing, and dry- 
mg him, two miles. He washes with cold water, except when he 
sweats his horse, and waters after the horse comes in and is clean, 
just before feeding, forty swallows morning and evening, and twelve 
swallows at twelve o'clock ; mixes a spoonful of sulphur in the 
mash, after sweating, but no antimony ; walks before galloping, 
iwo miles ; between the gallops, one mile. 

Mr. Duvall, m 1797, gave me the foregoing rules : Mr. Larkin 
trained for me two years. And as a sportsman, that all horses may 
run in the best order, and that their superiority of foot and bottom 
alone may entitle them to the palm, I with pleasure comply with 
your request, that through your inestimable paper, all excuses by 
gentlemen having fine horses, as to the mode of training them, may 
be removed, and the friends of the turf gratified with fine sport. 

American Farmer. 

[from the AMERICAN TURF REGISTER.] 

Mr. Editor — The within was recently found among the papers 
of an old sportsman of the turf, (a pencil memorandum) in the 
shape of answers to questions, by a gentleman well known to the 
Virginia turfites, who was at that time about to begin his racing 
career. I have examined it with a trainer of long experience, and 
with few alterations hand it to you for publication in the Sporting 
Magazine A Virginian. 



y 



INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRAINING. '10*7 

A horse when put in training should be fat : liis exercise ougiit 
to commence witli walking about eight miles a day; three in the 
morning, two at twelve o'clock, and three in the evening. Thi« 
siiould be continued at least four weeks. A ligiit gallo]> of a mile 
m the morning, should now he adiied, and at the end of a week, a 
mile in the evening. In another week, half a mile more morning 
and evening. He will now be in condition for his first sweat; his 
exercise may now be the same as the last week, except a " burst of 
heels" once or twice in the week, of three or four hundred yards ; 
at which time he will be ready for his second sweat. Tliis given, 
the horse should have, every other morning, a move of a quarter of 
a mile ; this continued for a week, and his third sweat may be 
given. After this his exercise may be increased to two miles, morn, 
ing and evening; one mile of which (in the morning) should be at 
half-speed, with a dash of a quarter every other morning, more or 
less according to his appetite. The sweats should vary according 
to the high or low condition of the animal. At the end of the 
week, after the fourth sweat, he may, perhaps, require a draw,* and 
another a day or two before he runs. I do not approve of physic. 
ing generally ; when there is much grossness, or general bad health, 
a purge may be necessary. Race-horses should be watered regu- 
larly three times a day, in a clear brook, in the morning after exer- 
cise, at twelve o'clock, and in the evening: after exercise walking 
them until perfectly cool, previous to watering. They should bo 
fed with hominy and oats, (the first divested of its mealy particles,) 
in the proportion of one of the first to two of the latter. Sometiiues, 
when the condition of the horse is low, he should be allowed a 
greater proportion of hominy ; as horses when in training must 
feed well, every thing in the food way must be tried to make them 
do so : as hominy alone, oats, corn in the ear, meal, cut oats, &e. 
I once trained a mare, and ran her successfully, feeding her thres 
days in the week on meal with chopped or cut oats. They should 
be fed five times a day : at day -break, after the morning exercise, 
at eleven o'clock, a little before the evening exercise, and at night : 
one quart at first, three the second time, three at eleven o'clock, 
one the fourth time, and three the last, with about nine pounds of 
blades without picking, divided as the grain. Some horses eat more 
than others, and should be allowed accordingly .t When there is 
costiveness, sprinkling the fodder with water, or a mash must be 
given : a bucket of salt and water is also sometimes useful. Sweat- 
ing should be done by heavy clothing and gentle exercise, giving 
the horse a swallow or two of water with a little meal stirred in it two 
or three times during the sweat. To put a horse in order, at least twelve 
weeks are necessary ; for a colt, nine weeks. A colt, to be in condition 
to run a good race, should just be low enough to feel his ribs pretty 
plainly, but they should not be seen : a horse should be much lower. 
The usual preparation for a sweat is a mash at night, muzzled, hea 

'' A veiy light sweat. 

t Particularly large horses : small horses sometimes will eat fourteen oi 
fifteen quarts a day. I think thirteen enough for the latter — more is apt, 1 
think, to give them gorty legs, &c. 



408 INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRAINING. 

vy cloUiing, (three or four blankets) — the next morning, after break, 
fast, ii'alk three or four miles, and gallop one slowly ; give a mouth, 
ful or two of water,* and gallop two or more, as the weather is 
warmer or colder : carry him then to the stable, take out the unde- 
blanket, rolling the cover up, half at a time, scrape well, rub bodj 
and legs until perfectly dry, put on blanket and hood, and walk foi 
an hour or two, occasionally giving a mouthful of water with a 
handful of meal in it, about milk warm at first. His legs, when per 
fcctly cool, should be washed with warm water and soap, rubbed 
dry, and the horse put to rest and given a mash,t (scalded oats,) in 
the evening walked four or five miles. 

The quantity of exercise mentioned, is for horses, after four years 
old, and upwards ; few colts require more than three miles a day. 
Every eight or ten days the horses should be taken from the exer- 
sise ground and walked on the road. A careful trainer will always 
know the condition of his horse's legs every morning before gal. 
'.oping, and decide whether they receive their work or be sent, if 
their legs be feverish, to have the fever extracted by standing in the 
water, to the pond. To keep up the appetite, I have known nothing 
better than a table spoonful of the powder of poplar bark, (the 
liriodendron tulipifera,) every day or two when it is observed that 
they are mincing their food : salt should be given once a week. 

[It will be seen by a comparison of the above instructions, which 
correspond with the system now usually pursued in the South, that 
it is much milder than the system laid down by Mr. Duvall of the 
olden time. It is wonderful, (observes our correspondent,) how 
their horses could stand such severe training : and he supposes that 
tlie greater fleetness of the horses of the present day may be ascrib- 
ed, in some measure, to changes which have been adopted in the 
eystem of training. It is true that many of our fine horses are let 
down and trained off at an early age, but that may be attributed to 
the severe trials to which they are put at a tender age — four mile 
neats, in quick time at three years old ! ] 

* Milk-warm, with a little meal stirred in it. 

t Not always necessary, except there is much cosliveness. 



409 

RULES AND REGULATIONS 

OF THE 

RICHMOND JOCKEY CLUB.* 



Whereas it is necessary that all well-regulated associations 
Hhould have some Rules for their government, and the Richmond 
Jockey Club being sensibly impressed with this truth, Therefore, 
Resolved, that the following be the Rules and Regulations of the 
Ricliniond Jockey Club : 

\st. There shall be two regular meetings of this Club, at Tree 
Hill, each year, and each to continue four days, to be called Spring 
and Fall Meetings. The Spring Meeting shall commence on the 
second Tuesday in May, and the Fall Meeting the third Tuesday 
in October. 

2d. There shall be a President, Vice-President, Secretary, Trea. 
surer, and four Stewards, appointed by ballot. 

3d. It shall be the duty of the President to preside in all meet- 
mgs of the Club ; to act as Judge in each day's race ; appoint his 
assistant Judges on the evening preceding each day's race ; report 
the result of each day's race, and stand as Judge in all sweepstakes, 
with such other persons as the parties may appoint. 

Ath. It shall be the duty of the Vice-President to attend all meet- 
ings of the Club; assist the President in the discharge of his duty 
act as President pro tejn. in the absence of the President. 

5ih. It shall be the iluty of the Secretary to attend the Judges 
on each day's race ; assist them with his counsel ; keep a book, in 
which he shall record the members' names, the Rules of the Club, 
and add to tliem any Resolutions which may change the cliaracter 
of either ; also record the proceedings of each meeting; the entries 
of horses ; an account of each day's race, including the time of run. 
ning each heat ; publish the races, and after they are over, publish 
the result ; for tliis service, he shall be exempt from paying his 
subscription. 

&th. The Stewards shall be appointed by ballot, and serve for 
one meeting next succeeding their appointment. They shall wear 
a white rose on the left side of the cape of their coat. It shall be 
^heir duty to attend on the course, preserve order, clear the trnck, 
seep offtlie crowd from horses coming to the stand after the close 
of a heat ; may employ able-bodied men to assist them, who shall be 
paid out of any money in tlie hands of the Treasurer, and they bo 
designated by a red sash. 



* The Rules of New-Market, (near Petorsbur-j, Va.) Broad Rock, ami 
most of tlie courses In Virginia, are nciirly llie same. 



410 RULES OF RACING. 

1th. There shall be three Judges in the starting stand, the Presi. 
dent and two assistant Judges, whose duty it shall bo to keep the 
stand clear of any intrusion during the pendency of a heat, except 
the officers, trainers, and weigher, and also see that the riders are 
dressed in jockey style. 

8ih. All disputes shall be decided by the Judges of the day, from 
whose decision there shall be no appeal, unless at the Judges' dis. 
oretion ; and no evidence to be received of foul riding, except from 
Distance Judges and Patroles. 

9th. There sliall be two Distance and three Patrole Judges, who 
shall repair to the Judges' stand after each heat, and report the nags 
that are distanced, and foul riding, if there be any. 

10th. The distance of the Proprietor's Purse shall be three mile 
Heats, and be run for on the second day of each regular meeting 
The purse shall be ^300 — entrance $15. 

llth. The distance for tlie Jockey Club purse shall be four mile 
heats, spring and fall, and be run for on the third day of each regu- 
lar meeting — entrance $20. 

12th. All Sweepstakes, advertised to be run for over the Tree 
Hill course, on any day of the regular meeting of the Club, shall be 
under the cognizance of this Club ; and that whenever a subscri- 
ber makes an entry, he may change it at any time before the stakes 
closes. 

13th. No person shall start a horse for any purse under the con- 
trol of this Club, other than a member, he being at least one-third 
interested, and producing proof of his horse's age ; nor shall any 
member start a horse, unless his entrance and subscription be paid 
before starting. 

lith. All entries of horses to run, shall be made in open Club, on 
the evening preceding each day's race, by 5 o'clock, or during the 
sitting of the Club, and no entry made after that time shall be al- 
lowed ; Prodded, if there be no meeting, then with the Secretary 
or Treasurer, by 5 o'clock. 

15th. No person shall be benefited by the winning of any purse, 
under the control of this Club, unless he be a member or the owner 
of tlie horse. 

16^^. Any person desirous of becoming a member for the purpose 
of starting a liorse, may do so, he being approved by the Club, and 
paying double entrance. 

17///. The winning liorse of the Jockey Club Purse shall not be 
permitted to start for tlie Proprietor's purse, nor the winning horse 
of tlie Proprietor's purse for the Jockey Club purse, during the same 
meeting. 

18//j. No compromise or agreement between any two persons 
marling horses, or their agents or grooms, not to oppose each other 



RULES OF RACING. 41 1 

upon a promised division of the purse, shall be permitted or allowed, 
and no person shall run their nags in conjunction, that is, witli a 
determination to oppose, jointly, any other horse or horses which 
may run against them. In either case, upon satisfactory evidence 
produced before the Judges, the purse shall be awarded to the next 
best horse, mare, or gelding ; and the persons so ort'ending, sliall 
never again be permitted to start a horse on this course. 

19th. No two riders from the same stable shall be allowed to ride 
in the same race ; nor shall two horses, trained in the same stable, 
be allowed to start in the same race. 

20th. Riders shall not be permitted to ride in a race unless dressed 
in the jockey style. 

21s?. Riders, after the heat is ended, must repair to tlie Judges 
stand, not dismount until ordered by the Judges, and then carry 
their saddles themselves to the scales, there to be weighed. 

22(?. The Rider who has won a heat shall be entitled to the track, 
and the foremost entitled to any part of the track, he leaving a siif- 
ficicnt space for a horse to pass him on the outside, but shall not, 
when locked li}' another horse, leave the track he may be running 
in to press him to the outside, doing which will be deemed foul 
riding. A Rider may take the track on the inside, but he must do 
it at his own peril, as, should he be posted in making the attempt, it 
will not be considered as foul. Siiould any rider cross, jostle, strike 
an adversaiy or his horse, or run on his heels intentionally, or do 
any tiling else that may impede the progress of his adversary, he 
will be deemed distanced, though he come out ahead, and the purse 
given to the next best nag : and any rider offending against this 
Rule, shall never be permitted to ride over or attend anj' horse on the 
course again. 

23d. If any nag shall run on tJie inside of anj* polo, they will lie 
deemed distanced, although tliey may come out first, and the purse 
awarded to the next best nag. 

24/A. The distance stand shall be sixty yards from the Judges' 
stand for mile heats, and sixty additional yards for every mile in a 
heat, unless it be the best three in five, and then ninety yards to 
a mile. 

25/A. The time between heats shall be 20 minutes for mile heats, 
30 minutes for two mile heats, 40 minutes for three mile heats, 
and 45 minutes for four mile heats. Some signal shall be soundfvi 
from the Judges' stand five minutes before the period of starting, 
after the lapse of which time, the Judges shall give the v/ord to 
such riders as are ready — but should any horse be restive in sad 
dling, the Judges may delay the word a short interval, at tlieii 
own discretion. 

20.'^. A horse that does not wm a heat out of three, sliall not be 
entitled to start for a fourth, although he may save his distance. A 
drawn horse shall not be considered as distanced. 
36 



412 RULES OF RACING. 

21th. No stud liorse shall be exhibited within the walls of the 
course until tlie ladies have retired. 

28/A. All members and their families shall pass the gate free, 
and all who are not members shall pay the following tolls, via : — • 
for every four-wheeled carriage $1, for every gig and two-wheeled 
carriage, cart, man and horse, 50 cents: and for every person on 
foot 25 cents. 

2dth. Any person who may kill a dog on the course, shall be 
paid two dollars out ©f the funds of this Club, and if there be 
none in hand, by the Judges, out of the purse of that day on which 
the dog or dogs may be killed. 

30</i. The following weights shall be carried, viz: 

2 years old, a feather, 

3 ., ,. 86 lbs. 

4 .. .. 100 .. 

5 .. .. 110 .. 

6 .. .. 118 .. 

7 .. .. and upwards, 124 lbs. with an al. 
lowance of three pounds to mares and geldings. The weigher shall 
see that each rider shall liave his proper weight, before he starts, and 
that they have within two pounds after each heat. 

31s^ The age of horses shall be recorded by the year in which 
they are foaled ; during the year 1800 shall be considered as a 
yearling; during the year 1801, two years old; during the year 
1802, and so on. 

32</. New members can only be admitted upon recommenda. 
tion ; any person wishing to become a member, shall be balloted for 
and two black balls will exclude him. 

BETTING. 

When both parlies are present, either party has a right to de- 
mand that the money be staked before the horses start ; and if one 
refuse, the other may, at his option, declare the bet void. 

If any party be absent on the days of race, the party present may 
declare the bet void, in the presence of the Judges, before the race 
commences ; but if any person offer to stake for the absentee, it is 
a confirmed bet. 

A bet made on a heat to come, is no bet, unless all the horses 
running in a previous heat start agam. 

All bets made between liorscs that are distanced the same heal 
are considered drawn, and when between two horses throughout a 
race, and neither of them win it, the horse that is best at the termi. 
nation of the race, v.'ins the bets. 

If an entrance horse, or subscriber die, no forfeit shall be re. 
quired. 

A premium given to another to make a bet shall not be refunded, 
jilthougli the bet is not run for 



ENGLISH RULES OF KACING. 413 

HANDY CAP RACES. 

1st. The Judges for the season, on meeting with the Secretary, 
shall Handy Cap. 

2d. A list of all the horses, mares, and geldings wliich have start 
ed at the said meeting, shall be made, to which any others, if pro 
posed, and particularly described, may be added. 

3d. Any horse, &c. which has not run during the said meeting, 
for Sweepstakes, Jockey Club, or Proprietor's purse, shall carry the 
weights of the course. 

4th. When the distance to be run, the entrance required, and the 
prize be agreed on, the Judges and Secretary shall proceed to as- 
sign them their weights. 

5tk. No horse, &c. shall be bound to carry more weight than 
the rules of the course prescribe. 

&th. On the supposed best horse, tfcc. his or her proper weight 
shall be imposed. 

7th. From horses, &c. of the 2d, 3d, &c. rate or reputation, as 
much weight may be taken as will, in the opinion of the Handy 
Cappers, make them equal to the first rate ; in equalizing them as 
aforesaid, they are not bound to regard the winning horses, &.c. 
as a change of distance, or a hard run, may change their ability to 
perform. 

8th. Those who Handy Cap, shall particularly mark such horses, 
&c. which are started in shoes, or not allowed to exert themselves 
in a previous race — any such horse, &.c. shall carry the weight ot 
the course, subject to the determination of the Judges and Secretary. 

dth. As soon as the list of horses, &lc. with their weights, be 
prepared, the Secretary shall post up the same in the Club Room at 
this place to which shall be added the distance to be run, the sum 
to be run for, and the entrance money. 

lO^A. When the aforesaid nine rules be complied with, until 10 
o'clock P. M. shall be allowed the owner or starter to determme 
whether he will contend for the prize, and no longer ; as they de- 
termine, they shall give their names to the Treasurer or Proprietor 
of the course, with a description of their horses, &c. who shall make 
a list of them as entered, which list shall point out their places at 
starting — two or more to make a race. 



ENGLISH RULES OF RACING. 

Abstract of the laics which govern the Race Course in Great Britain, 
as extracted from a Liverpool paper. 

Horses take their ages from May day, t. e. a horse foaled aiiy 
time in the year 1823, is one year old on the first day of May 1824. 
Four inches are a hand ; fourteen pounds a stone ; two hundred and 
forty yards a distance. 



414 ENGLISH RULES OF RACING. 

Oath weights are, each to appoint a partyto /ide without weighing 
Feather weight signifies the same. Give and taite plates are weights 
for inches ; fourteen hands to carry a stated weight, all above to 
carry extra, or be allowed the proportion of 7 lbs. to an inch. A Whim 
Flate is a weight for age and a weight for inches. A Past Match is 
to insert the ages of the horses in the articles, and to run any horso 
of that age, without declaring till you come to the post to start. 
Hand Cap weights are weights according to tlie supposed abilities 
of the horses. Plates or shoes are not allowed in the weight. 

The horse that has his head at the ending post first, wins the heat 
Riders must ride their horses back to the winning post to weigh ; and 
he that dismounts before, or wants weight, is distanced. If a rider 
fall from his horse, and the horse be ridden in by a person of suffi- 
cient weight, he shall take place tlie same as if it had not happened, 
provided he goes back to the place where the rider fell. 

Horses not entitled to start without producing a proper certifi- 
cate of their age, if required ; except where aged horses are included, 
in which case a junior horse may start without a certificate, provi- 
ded he carry the same weight as an aged horse. 

For the best of the plate, when there are three heats run, the 
liorse is second who wins one. For the best of the heats, the horse 
is second that beats the other twice out of three times, though he 
doth not win the heat. When a plate is won at two heats, the pre- 
ference of the i orses is determined by the places they hold in the 
secojid heat. \^ hen three horses have eacn won a heat, they only 
must start for a fourth, and their places must be determined by it, 
though before no difference between them. No distance in a fourth 
heat. In running heats, if it cannot be decided which is first, the 
heat goes for nothing, and they may all start again, except it be be- 
tween two horses that had each won a heat. Horses drawn before 
the plate is won are distanced. 

A bet after the heat is over, if the horse betted on does not start 
again, is no bet. A confirmed bet cannot be off, without mutual 
consent. Either party may demand stakes to be made, and on re- 
fusal may declare the bet void. If a party be absent on the day of 
running, a public declaration of the bet may be made on the course, 
and a demand vi'hether any person will make stakes for the absent 
party ; and if no person consent to do so, the bet may be declared 
void. Bets agreed to be settled in town, or any particular place, 
cannot be declared off" on the course. 

The person who bets the odds, has a right to choose the horse of 
the field. When he has chosen the horse, the field is what starts 
against him ; but there is no field unless one starts with him. If 
odds are oet without mentioning the horse before the race is over, 
it must be determined as the odds were at the time of making it. 
Bets made between particular horses are void if neither of them be 
the winner, unless specified to the contrary. 

At New Market, if a bet be made for any particular day in any . 
meeting, and the parties afterwards change the day, all bets must 
Btand ; but if altered to another meeting, bets made before the altera- 
tion are void. Bets determinea, though the horse does not start 



ENGLISH RULES OF RAGING. 41ft 

when the words " absolutely, run or pay," or " play or pay," are 
made use of in betting. For example ; I bet that Mr. Udny's ch. 
mare, Mirandela, absolutely wins the king's plate at Chelmsford, in 
1824. I lose the bet though she does not start, and win though she 
goes over the course alone. 

AH double bets are considered as play or pay. 

Since Epsom Races, 1812, all bets are made in pounds, and not in 
guineas, as formerly. 

Horses running on the wrong side of a post, and not turning back, 
are distanced. Horses distanced if the riders cross or jostle. Horses 
that forfeit are beaten horses, where it runs or pays. Bets made on 
any horses winning any number of plates that year, remain in force 
till the first day of May. Money given to have a bet laid, not re- 
turned if not run. All matches, bets, and engagements are void on 
the decease of either party before determined. An untried stallion 
or mare, is one whose produce had not started in public at the time 
of closing the engagement. 

In estimating winnings, it is the practice to consider the clear sum 
gained only, and consequently to exempt the winner's stakes. A 
winner of sweepstakes of 20 guineas each (three subscribers) is, 
therefore, not disqualified from running for a fifty pound plate, ex 
pressed to be for horses that never won a plate, match or sweep 
stake of that value. 



36* 



SUPPLEMENT 

TO 

MASON AND HIND'S 

POPULAR SYSTEM OF 

FARRIERY: 

COMPRISINQ 

AN ESSAY ON DOMESTIC ANIMALS, 

ESPECIALLY THE HORSE; 

WITH 

REMRKS ON TREATMENT AND BREEDING; 

TOGETHER WITH 

TROTTING AND RACING TABLES, 

SHOWING 

THE BEST TIME ON RECORD, AT ONE, TWO, THREE, 
AND FOUR MILE HEATS; 

PEDIGREES OF WINNING HORSES, SINCE 1S39; 

AND OF THE MOST 

CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND MARES; 

WITH 
USEFUL CALVING AND LAMBING TABLES, ETC., ETC. 



BY J. S. SKINNER, 

Editor now of the Farmers' Library, New York ; Founder of the American Farmer, in 1819 ; 

and of the Turf Register and Sporting Magazine, in 1829 : being the first Agricul- 

taral and the first Sporting Periodicals established in the United States. 



PHILADELPHIA: 
GRIGG, ELLIOT & CO. 

NO. 14 NORTH FOURTH STREET 
1848. 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1848, by 

JOHN GRIGG, 

in the clerk's office of the District Court of the United States fcr 
the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



STEREOTYPED BY J. FAGAN. 
PRINTED BY T. K. AND P. G. COLLINS. 

(2) 



DEDICATION. 



Without going through the formality of asking leave 
to say <' by his gracious permission," which, if sought, 
might have been withheld, this Supplement to Mason 
AND Hind's Popular Systems of Farriery is respect- 
fully dedicated to Col. Balie Peyton. 

It is not that a contribution so inconsiderable is 
deemed worthy of him, or the subject so interesting ; 
but that the Author would fain embrace any fair occa- 
sion to manifest to him, and through him to their com- 
mon friends at New Orleans, his grateful remembrance 
of their kindness when among them. 

There would be, moreover, an essential propriety in 
dedicating to Col. P. a more adequate offering of this 
sort ; as he is known to be a breeder and warm amateur 
of the high-bred horse ; and, in his own spirit and cha- 
racter, exemplary of what is best bred and most excel- 
lent among men. 

J. S. S. 

New Year's Day, 1848. 
For the nonce at Annapolis, Md. 



(3) 



PREFACE. 

Though, under ever fluctuating but sometimes pro- 
pitious circumstances, the very climax of equestrian 
power may have been reached in a few cases in the 
United States, as in the country from which we derived 
our skill and material, is it not still worthy of all con- 
sideration how we may contrive to helay^ as the sailors 
say, what we have gained in that important branch of 
Rural Industry — not only as a means of individual en- 
joyment, but as a prolific, indispensable source of 
National power and wealth ? 

However serious and apparently insurmountable may 
be the difficulties that stand in the way of farther im- 
provement of domestic animals, and especially the Horse 
— either in the general absence of the necessary means 
and appUances, and of adequate encouragement for the 
care and expense attendant on the production of Horses 
of high qualities, there ought, surely, among well-in- 
formed men, to be no obstacle arising from ignorance of 
the art of breeding. Hence it is that in sending forth 
the Minth Edition of this popular work on Farriery, 
while nothing seemed to be needed in the way of de- 
scription or treatment of the diseases of domestic animals, 
and while the author of this Supplement was only called 
on to extend the stud-hook in a manner to embrace the 
pedigrees to which breeders and dealers might have 
occasion to refer, he could not forego the opportunity 

(5) 



VI PREFACE. 

to offer some such additional matter as, to him at least, 
seems to be of sufficient value to render it acceptable 
and useful. 

In the introductory remarks on the relations existing 
between Man and the animals destined for his use and 
amusement, and the obligations these relations impose, 
the writer has but expressed the sentiments he has ever 
entertained, of duty on our part to respect the feelings 
and comfort of the humblest among them ; and has 
endeavoured to encourage continued exertions for their 
melioration by showing how successful and progressive 
such efforts have been, even up to the present time. 

To these observations of his own are appended those of 
writers of acknowledged judgment and authority — 
accompanied by such notes as appeared to be apposite and 
well-founded ; and to these, again, have bee,n superadded 
a few tables and other items which might not elsewhere 
be conveniently met with. His undertaking, kind reader, 
"hath this extent, no more." All, then, that the author 
of the " Supplement to Mason's Farrier" has to ask 
of you is that you will bear in mind that there has been 
no engagement to write anything — much less a Book on 
Farriery: for that there was no call or necessity. With 
this intimation, the reader will please accept for what it 
is worth and with all due allowances, the little that has 
been volunteered — by one who may claim to have been 
all his life an amateur if not a connoisseur of the Horse. 

J. S. S. 

Edit. Farmers'' Library. 



CONTENTS. 



On the relations between Man and the Domestic Animals, 

especially the Horse, and the obligations they impose, Page 9 

On the Form of Animals 18 

The Chest 19 

The Pelvis 20 

The Head 20 

The Muscles 21 

The Bones 22 

On the Improvement of Form 22 

On the Character of Animals 25 

Examples of the good and bad effects of crossing the breeds 26 
On the importance of more attention to the Principles of 

Breeding — the Stallion and the Brood Mare 31 

An Essay on the Condition of a Stallion 41 

Tables — Weights and Measures 49 

List of Medicines 50 

Apparatus for Compounding Medicines 50 

Instruments 50 

Calving Table 51 

Lambing Table * 51 

Trotting " 52 

Best Trotting Time, at Mile Heats 53 

At Two Mile Heats 53 

At Three Mile Heats 63 

At Four Mile Heats 53 

Racing — Best Time on Record at Mile Heats 54 

At Two Mile Heats 54 

At Three Mile Heats 56 

At Four Mile Heats 57 

The St. Leger 53 

Average Speed for the Doncaster St. Leger 59 

Pedigrees of Winning Horses, since 1839 60 

Celebrated Stallions and Brood Mares 89 

20* 37 

(7) 



SUPPLEMENT, ETC. 



ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MAN AND THE DO- 
MESTIC ANIMALS — ESPECIALLY THE HORSE — AND 
THE OBLIGATIONS THEY IMPOSE. 



" La connaissance de la conformation exterieure du cheval est beau- 
coup moins repandu qu'on ne le pense vulgaireraent : elle repose sur des 
etudes d' anatomic de piiysiologie, de mecanique, et d' histoire naturelle 
dont peu de personnes se font une juste idee." 



If animals were classified by naturalists in the order 
of their intelligence, docility and usefulness, the Horse 
and the Dog would occupy, in relation to Man, the jux- 
taposition they have assigned — on the ground of physical 
structure — to the impracticable baboon and the grotesque 
and chattering monkey ; and in lieu of groping in the 
darkness of antiquity for the period when they are sup- 
posed to have been entrapped or subdued, by fraud or 
violence, we should the rather conclude that Nature 
placed all the domestic animals where we have ever found 
them — in close association with Man, administering to 
his pleasures and wants ; lightening his toils and sharing 
his dangers ; and constantly advancing, like Man him- 
self, under the improving influence of civilization and the 
arts that belong to it. 

In contemplating the whole animal kingdom, does not 
Man — standing preeminently at the head of it, surrounded 
by the domestic races — present everywhere the most 



10 ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MAN 

lustrous spot on the varied map of living creation ? From 
the everlasting snows of the north to the burning sands 
of tropical deserts, his faithful dog follows at his foot ; 
the horse is at his side — submissive to his will ; — the 
patient ox bows his neck to the yoke ; and the sheep and 
the hog are present to supply his clothing and his food. 
Far otherwise is it with untameable and predatory birds 
and beasts. Restricted to particular regions by an all- 
wise Providence, the absence of food and climate con- 
genial to their nature forbids them to roam beyond limits 
comparatively circums^^|£d. And do not these arrange- 
ments for our benefit,'5ird which give us "dominion 
over all the earth and every creeping thing that creepeth 
upon the earth," enjoin on us the duty of studying their 
habits, their economy, and all the laws of their existence 
— with a view to their improvement for our advantage, 
in every way consistent with kindness to them and with 
gratitude to Him, 

" Who in his sovereign wisdom made them all ?" 

And while these considerations teach us to be merciful 
ourselves, do they not convey the admonition 

" Ye therefore who love mercy, teach your sons 
To love it too !" 

The very fact that to them has been denied the power of 
speech, and the necessity of uncomplaining submission 
under every hardship, ought to put us constantly on our 
guard against practising, or permitting to be practised, 
any, the smallest measure of abuse or ill treatment. Thus 
every man of common humanity will study their com- 
fort in all things, consistently with the purposes for which 
they were designed, and will never even mount his faith- 
ful horse without seeing that whatever is needed has been 
done to give an easy set to his saddle — and, still more, 
that all is right about his feet ! 



AND THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 11 

Doctor Rush, in a beautiful and benevolent eulogy on 
the Horse, in one of his lectures, related a touching anec- 
dote of a highly intelligent and successful Pennsylvania 
farmer, who, stricken down suddenly with apoplexy in 
his barn-yard, expired on the instant — with this last di- 
rection to his herdsman on his lips : " Take care of the 
creatures /" And the biographer of an eminent English 
Chancellor relates, as from himself, how his beloved son 
had preferred to him, in his very l^.t moments, a petition 
in favour of his faithful terrier ;_ " And Father, youHl 
take care of poor Pitcher, wori^ youV Nevertheless, 
after all the care that can be taken, we should probably 
be amazed if we could know the amount of pain unwit- 
tingly inflicted on animals dedicated to our service, and 
some of whose bodies are at last consumed to afford us — 
as some would contend — superfluous nourishment, refer- 
ring back as they do to that golden age when 

" Man walked with beast — ^joint tenant of the shade ; 
The same his table and the same his bed — 
No murder clothed him, and no murder fed." 

Even all unnecessary harshness of reproof should be 
avoided — for it is well known that some animals are even 
more susceptible of painful and violent emotions, from 
various causes, than some men, whose hardened nature 
and familiarity with vice, render them as insensible to 
the reproaches of others as to the stings of their own 
conscience. Those, for instance, who have studied the 
character and affections of the horse — with a view to his 
diseases and moral susceptibilities — need not be told that 
while sharp and threatening words will so disturb him as 
to quicken his pulse some ten beats or more in a minute,* 

* The natural constitution of difl'erent varieties of the same class of 
animals is worthy of close attention. In small and thorough-bred horses, 
for instance, the pulsations of the heart are about 40 to 42 — while in 
the larger, cold-blooded cart-horse, they do not amount to more than 36. 
But when ill-treated, as before suggested, their pulsations are increased, 

37* 



12 ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MAN 

he has in very memorable cases been known to fall dead 
under the excitement of the sexual and other passions. 
That he is sometimes animated by the strongest spirit of 
rivalry, and a noble ambition to excel, has been occa- 
sionally evinced by violent attacks on his passing rivals 
on the turf— and very recently the case occurred with a 
noble animal which fell dead at the very winning-post, 
in vainly struggling for victory, on the Pharsalia course at 
Natchez. The contest which had this melancholy issue 
was between Col. Minor's Jenny Lind and Col. Bing- 
aman's Black Dick : 

" Dick was the favourite at odds. Some even bets 
were made that he would win at three heats — and some, 
if the heats were broken, would not win. Jenny drew 
the track, and after some little manoevring, they got off 
together, but Dick outfooted her and took the track on 
the turn ; at the half-mile post she had got her head to 
his hips, and they ran locked round the upper turn ; at 
the head of the front stretch she began to draw clear of 
him, and spurs were applied. ' Then burst his mighty 
heart,' for he soon w^as seen to reel, but he still struggled 
on ; his jockey Mat, leaped unharmed from his back, and 
the noble animal fell dead within ten feet of the winning- 
post, which he had left not two minutes before in perfect 
health and the finest condition. No shout of triumph 
hailed the winner: all was sympathy and regret. Two 

say, ten in a minute. The natural circulation of the sheep is about 70 
per minute. The average pulse of a full-grown ox, in a stale of health, 
in England, is about 40 — but this increases in a climate of higher tem- 
perature. Doctor James Smith (Journal of Agriculture, vol. ii. p. 92,) 
finds that in the climate of Louisiana the pulse of the ox, in its natural 
state, is from G8 to 75 — rising on the slightest excitement to 80. Every 
one knows how destructive is the moral influence of fright to a flock of 
sheep — when, for instance, they have been badly scared by dogs. It 
often happens that they never recover from its effects. 
I For all farmers who have occasion to fatten animals, we must take 
room for three words — ivarmth, cleanlinesf!, and quietude. They are 
the veni-vidi-vici, in their fields of action. 



AND THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 13 

of our most talented medical gentlemen immediately 
made a post-mortem examination, and came to the con- 
clusion that the death of the horse was produced by apo- 
plexy, caused by congestion of the heart, brought on by 
over-excitement and violent exertion." 

The annals of domestic animals abound in cases to 
show how liable they are to acute affections and suffer- 
ing, far beyond the apprehension of the most considerate 
and humane. 

Thus much, good reader, have we gladly seized the 
opportunity, and even gone a little beyond the require- 
ments of our publishers, to say in the way of appeal in 
behalf of speechless creatures, as alive to pain as to a 
sense of gratitude for generous treatment ; and having 
already adverted to the obligation we are under to study 
the laws of their existence, and the means of their meli- 
oration, it may now, even be insisted that in the whole 
range of the occupations and interests of breeders of 
their own stock, there are few things that demand more 
consideration and skill than does this very branch of 
rural industry. 

The study and the pride of every one should be, not 
merely to maintain them at a point of excellence already 
acquired, but to have them progressively improving in 
whatever constitutes economy and value ; for why should 
any man indolently conclude that his stock has already 
attained the ne plus ultra in the way of amelioration, 
however superior it may be ? Such is not the fact, nor, 
it may safely be affirmed, would it be consonant with the 
orders of Providence, or even with our own interests, 
that it should be so. To man has been given dominion 
over the beasts of the field — that, like the earth itself, he 
should cultivate and improve them ; and for that, among 
other purposes, was he endowed with the great, dis- 
tinguishing, and godlike power to prosecute intellectual 



14 ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MAN 

investigations into every department of nature and in- 
dustry. Doubtless our ancestors, more than a century 
ago, were ready to believe — what indolence is ever ready 
to whisper — that the several races of domestic animals 
most immediately under their care, had then already been 
carried up to the maximum of improvability ; yet which 
of them has not been vastly bettered in the meantime, in 
all their valuable points — and that, too, not by any sud- 
den or accidental accession of one or more good quali- 
ties, but constantly and progressively ; by a closer study 
and a better knowledge of the laws of animal and 
vegetable physiology, and by the application of other 
appropriate sciences. In the plain English of the motto 
chosen for these reflections what is there said of the 
Horse may apply to other animals : 

"The knowledge of the external conformation of the 
horse is much less extended than is generally supposed. 
It reposes on the study of anatomy, of physiology, of 
mechanics, and of natural history, in a manner of which 
few persons have a just conception." 

In 1710, by the estimate of Dr. Davenant, — a WTiter 
of unquestioned candour and authority, — the weight of 
"black cattle" (so called, because, at that day, most 
cattle were of that colour) averaged but 370 pounds ; the 
weight of the calf was estimated at 50 pounds ; and the 
average of sheep and lambs, taken promiscuously in the 
London market, was only 28 pounds. After the lapse 
of 120 years, — with far less of science applied to the 
subject than at this time, — M'Culloch, in his dictionary, 
so highly characterized by the accuracy of its statements, 
puts the average of cattle at 556 ; sheep and lambs at 
50; and calves at 105. But the late accomplished Pro- 
fessor Youatt, in his able work on cattle, estimates the 
average weight now at Smithfield at 656 ; that of sheep 
and lambs at 90 ; and calves at 144 ; — the weight of 



AND THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 15 

each having doubled in 130 years ; and that, as before 
said, not by any accidental importation from abroad, or 
fortunate cross at home, but by a course of careful, 
systematic, and sagacious attention to the laws and prin- 
ciples of breeding and feeding. The horse, standing at 
the head of the list, — sharing and supporting man in all 
his most pleasurable as well as toilsome and dangerous 
enterprises, — naturally engaged his earliest attention and 
most assiduous care, to cherish and improve to the high- 
est pitch, his noble faculties of strength, speed, and 
endurance ; and thus may have been already brought to 
the zenith of his capabilities, if indeed he has not pass- 
ed the culminating point ; but see what must have been 
achieved by the stimulus of the turf, and art in the 
breeding-stud, to raise the bred horse of England to a 
height of perfection, even above the wonderful capacity 
of his south-eastern ancestry, — the very << drinkers of 
the wind" themselves ! — for we have the high authority 
of Ninirod, the crack writer of England on all field- 
sports, for saying that, on the best Indian authorities, 
" the best Arab, on his own ground, has not a shadow 
of a chance against an imported English racer, in any- 
thing like a good form." The celebrated race on the 
Calcutta Course, hetv/een Pi/ramics and Recruit, — the 
former the best Arab of his year ; the latter a second- 
rate English race-horse, by Whalebone, the property of 
the Marquis of Exeter, — settled this point, inasmuch as 
allowance was made for the comparatively diminutive 
size of the Arab, — it being what is termed a give-and- 
take match, or weight for inches ; in which Recruit car- 
ried 10 stone 12 (152) pounds ; and Pyramus only 8 
stone 3 (115) pounds, an extra allowance of 7 pounds 
having been given to him as an Arab. 

Pyramus, says the reporter of this race, is as good 
21 



16 ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN MAN 

an Arab (he had previously beaten all the best Arabs in 
Calcutta for the gold cup) as has appeared for many years. 
His condition was undeniable ; the distance was all in 
his favour, and he was ridden with superior judgment — 
so that the result of his match with Recruit may be con- 
sidered to have established this an axiom : that no allow- 
ance of weight, within the bounds of moderation, can 
bring the best Arab — even in a climate most congenial 
to him — upon a par with an English thorough-bred horse 
of moderate goodness. In addition to all these circum- 
stances in favour of Pyramus, it must be remembered 
that Recruit only landed on the 28th May, (the race was 
run in January), after a voyage of five months." 

In England, where the progress of improvement was 
greatly accelerated by a seasonable infusion of Arabian 
and barbur'ic blood, the bred-horse — standing, in respect 
of the equine race, as the capital on the Corinthian pil- 
lar — has reached a point of perfection that, if it can be 
kept up, we can hardly dare hope will ever be excelled. 
In that country, four-mile races are nearly abolished, and 
it has been said with every show of reason, that early 
training, light weights and short distances, are impairing 
the stoutness of the English race-horse and hunter, and 
their capacities to stand up and go the pace as in the 
palmy days of the English turf. In our own country, 
the annals of the course show, that our climate is highly 
congenial to the constitution and physical development 
of the horse — and that whenever the sport has been 
fashionable and the rewards adequate, he has ever been 
ready to meet all reasonable expectations — rather advan- 
cing than falling back. 

When Floretta won her race in Washington — winning 
the 2d heat in 7.52, against such nags as Oscar, Top- 
gallant and First Consul, it was deemed a marvellous 



AND THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 17 

performance ;* and sportsmen thought that the acme of 
speed and bottom had been reached in our country in 
the days of Sir Charles and Eclipse, yet have not their 
best achievements been ecHpsed by two illustrious and 
yet living rivals of each other — Boston and Fashion'? 
But what have we not to apprehend should what seems 
to be threatened come soon to pass, and the turf — the 
only sure test of speed and stoutness, be alloioed to go 
down 1 We remember once at a dinner-party at the 
British Minister's in Washington, to have inquired of the 
late John Randolph of Roanoke, whether the Old Domi- 
nion maintained, unimpaired, her claim to a superior race 
of horses? <<No, Sir; no, Sir," was his shrill-toned 
prompt reply ; " Since we gave up horse-racing and fox- 
hunting, and fumed up the whites of our eyes, our horses 
as well as our men have sadly degenerated." 

Finally — justice, truth, and a sense of obligation for 
the assistance derived from his labours, in the small con- 
tribution we are here making to the breeders and amateurs 
of the Horse, demand of us to say, af the least, that if 
the American Turf should decline, it will not be for want 

' * This was one of the most memorable contests that ever came off 
on the Wasliington Course. Horses were horses, and men were men, 
in those days. Fair-top boots, powdered heads, and golden " guineas " 
were all the go — and for fairness and honour, a " stain was felt like a 
wound." 

The horses were thus placed : 

Dr. Edelin's c. m. Floretta, by Spread Eagle, 6 years old, 5 11 

Gen. Ridgely's b. h. Oncar, by Gabriel, 6 yrs. ojd, 2 2 2 

J. B. Bond's b. h. First Consul, by Flag of Truce, aged 4 3 3 

Col. Tayloe's b. h. Top-gallant, by old Diomed, 6 yrs. old, 14 4 

M. Brown's b. m. Nancy, by Spread Eagle, 6 years old. 3 dr. 

In this race Floretta was closely run by Oscar and First Consul — 

each heat was run under 8 minutes, and \.\\q second in 7.52. Each horse 

made play from the score, and the time was better than had been made 

on that Course even up to 1829. Has such a field of men and horses 

come to that post since 1 

In another pace — the trot — it was deemed marvellous that" old Top" 
should go his mile with 150 pounds weight in 2.45. But Lady Suf- 
folk — well dashed with the old Messenger blood — has done hers in 
2.28^, and is yet in full if not improving vigour. 



18 THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 

of an able, industrious, and tasteful advocate and illus- 
trator of its advantages and uses, as long as W. T. Por- 
ter shall continue to animate and guide the " Spirit of 
THE Times." Extensive acquaintance and coextensive 
popularity — the just fruits of accomplished manners and 
an obliging temper — have made him the focus of a most 
varied and recherche correspondence : while his own 
tact, scholarship and nice appreciation of what is good 
in the literary and the sporting world, enable him to turn 
all his rich resources to the best account, for the enjoy- 
ment of his numerous and refined readers — for the most 
part, gentlemen of Mood and metlle. 



ON THE FORM OF ANIMALS, 

BY HENRY CLINE, ESQ. SURGEOX. 
WITH NOTES BY J. S. SKINNER. 

The form of domestic animals has been greatly im- 
proved by selecting with much care, the best formed for 
breeding — but the theory of improvement has not been 
so well understood, that rules could be laid down for 
directing the practice. There is one point particularly, 
respecting w-hich the opinions of breeders have much 
varied, which is, whether crossing the breed be essential 
to improvement. 

It is the intention of this communication to ascertain 
in what instances crossing is proper, and in what pre- 
judicial ; and the principles upon which the propriety 
of it depends. 

It has been generally supposed that the breed of ani- 
mals is improved by the largest males. This opinion 
has done considerable mischief, and would have done 
more injury had it noj been counteracted by the desire 
of selecting animals of the best form and proportions, 
which are rarely to be met with, in those of the largest size. 



THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 19 

Experience has proved that crossing has only suc- 
ceeded in an eminent degree, in those instances in which 
the females were larger than in the usual proportion of 
females to males ; and that it has generally failed when 
the males are disproportionally large. 

The external form of domestic animals has been much 
studied, and the proportions are well ascertained. But 
the external form is an indication only of internal structure. 
The principles of improving it must therefore be founded 
on the knowledge of the structure and use of internal 
parts. 

The lungs are of the first importance. It is on their 
size and soundness that the health of an animal princi- 
pally depends. The power of converting food into 
nourishment, is in proportion to their size. An animal 
with large lungs, is capable of converting a given quantity 
of food into more nourishment than one with smaller 
lungs, and therefore has a greater aptitude to fatten.* 

The Chest. 

The external indication of the size of the lungs is the 
form and size of the chest ; the form of which should 

* [In farther explanation of this principle, it may be added, from an au- 
thor who had evidently read and relied on this able Essay of Surgeon 
Cline, that muscular exertion facilitates the return of venous blood to 
the right side of the heart, and in long continued and violent exertion, 
the respiration being quickened, the lungs — if small — are unable to 
arlerialize and get rid of the blood as fast as it is pumped into them ; 
consequently, if there is not room for the blood, congestion takes place, 
and the horse becomes what is termed " blown" — the lungs being gorged 
with blood, and sometimes the animal is destroyed by it. In England 
it is said to be " well understood that a majority of horses that perish 
under a hard press 'across the country,' are narrow-chested.''" The 
conical form, not of the body, but of the chest, as laid down in the next 
paragraph, is very observable in the best paintings of Fashion. There, 
and in her quarters and hocks, appear to us to lie the great sources of 
her yet in this country unequalled speed and stoutness J. S. S."J 

21* 38 



20 THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 

have the figure of a cone, having its apex situated between 
the shoulders, and its base towards the loins. 

The capacity of the chest depends upon its form more 
than on the extent of the circumference ; for, where the 
girth is equal in two animals, one may have much larger 
lungs than the other. A deep chest therefore is not 
capacious unless it is proportionally broad. 

The Pelvis. 

The pelvis is the cavity formed by the junction of the 
haunch bones with the bones of the rump. It is essential 
that this cavity should be large in the female, that she 
may be enabled to bring forth her young with less diffi- 
culty. When this cavity is small, the life of the mother 
and of her offspring is endangered. 

The size of the pelvis is chiefly indicated by the width 
of the hips and the breadth of the twist, which is the 
space between the thighs. 

The breadth of the loins is always in proportion to that 
of the chest and pelvis. 

The Head. 

The head should be small, by which the birth is facil- 
itated. Its smallness affords other advantages, and gen- 
erally indicates that the animal is of a good breed. 

Horns are useless to domestic animals. It is not dif- 
ficult to breed animals without them. The breeders of 
horned cattle and horned sheep, sustain a loss more 
extensive than they may conceive ; for it is not the horns 
alone, but also much more bone in the skulls of such 
animals to support their horns ; besides there is an addi- 
tional quantity of ligament and muscle in the neck which 
is of small value. 

The skull of a ram with its horns, weighed five times 
more than another skull which was hornless. Both these 
skulls were taken from sheep of the same age, each being 



THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 21 

four years old. The great difference in weight depended 
chiefly on the horns ; for the lower jaws were nearly 
equal, one weighing seven ounces, and the other six 
ounces and three quarters ; which proves that the natural 
size of the head was nearly the same in both, independent 
of the horns and the thickness of the bone which supports 
them.* 

In a horned animal, the skull is extremely thick. In a 
hornless animal it is much thinner ; especially in that 
part where the horns usually grow. 

To those who have not reflected on the subject, it may 
appear of little consequence whether sheep and cattle 
have horns — but on a very moderate calculation it will 
be found, that the loss in farming stock, and also in the 
diminution of animal food, is very considerable, from 
the production of horns and their appendages. A mode 
of breeding which would prevent the production of these, 
would afford a considerable profit in an increase of meat 
and wool, and other valuable parts. 

The length of the neck should be proportioned to 
the height of the animal, that it may collect its food 
with ease. 

The Muscles. 

The muscles and tendons, which are their appendages, 
should be large ; by which an animal is enabled to travel 
with greater facility. 

* [It is matter of surprise that among the varieties of cattle imported, no 
one should bring the celebrated Suffolk polled or hornless cattle. Be- 
sides the advantage here enumerated, valuable animals are sometimes 
killed by being gored. In respect of this breed, Youatt speaks very 
highly. He says they sometimes give 32 quarts of milk, and 24 is 
not uncommon, in a day — and adds: — "There are few short-horn 
cows ; although far superior in size to the Suffolks, and consuming nearly 
double the quantity of food ; that will yield more milk than is usually 
obtained from the smaller polled breed." Formerly the Suffolk polled 
cattle were generally of a dun colour, and thence commonly called Suf- 
folk duns, but that colour has of late been repudiated. — J. S. S.] 



22 THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 

The Bones. 
The strength of an animal does not depend upon the 
size of the bones, but on that of the muscles — Many 
animals with large bones are weak, their muscles being 
small. Animals that were imperfectly nourished during 
growth, have their bones disproportionately large. If 
such deficiency of nourishment originated from a con- 
stitutional defect, which is the most frequent cause, they 
remain weak during life. Large bones, therefore, gene- 
rally indicate an imperfection in the organs of nutrition. 

On the improvement oj" Form. 

To obtain the most approved form, two modes of 
breeding have been practised — one, by the selection of 
individuals of the same family — called breeding in-and- 
in. The other by selecting males and females from 
different varieties of the same species ; which is called 
crossing the breed. 

When a particular variety approaches perfection in 
form, breeding in-and-in may be the better practice — 
especially for those not well acquainted with the princi- 
ples on which improvement depends, * 

* [Professor Youatt says, on this subject [breeding in-and-in] : " It is the 
fact, however some may deny it, that strict confinement to one breed, 
however valuable or perfect, produces deterioration." By what he after- 
ward says, as will be seen, be must have meant confinement to one 
familt/ or {.train of the sjinic breed. The rule should Ue this: that 
valuable qualities being once established, which it is desirable to keep up, 
should thereafter be preserved by occasional crosses with the best animal 
to be had of the same breed, but of a different family. This is the 
secret which has maintained the bred Horse in his great superiority— 
for although, as Kirnrod avers, the immediate descendants of eastern 
horses have, almost without an exception, proved so deficient of late 
years that breeders will no more have recourse to them than the farmer 
would go for immediate improvement to the natural or original oat ; yet 
the breeder is glad to cross his slock with one of another strain or family 
of the same blood, taking care never to depart from the blood of the south- 
eastern courser which flows in the heart of all families of Horses of the 
highest capabilities. 



THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 23 

When the male is much larger than the female, the 
ofFspring is generally of an imperfect form. If the female 
be proportionally larger, the offspring is of an improved 
form. For instance, if a well-formed large ram be put 
to ewes proportionally smaller, the lambs will not be so 
well shaped as their parents ; but if a small ram be put 
to larger ewes, the lambs will be of an improved form. 

It is here worthy of remark that Nicholas Hankey Smith, who resided 
a long time amorig the Arabs, in a work entitled " Observations on 
Breeding for the Turf," gives as his opinion that colts bred in-and-in 
show more blood in their heads, are of better form, and fit to start with 
fewer sweats than the English turf-horse ; but when the incestuous 
intercourse has continued a few generations, he says, the animal de- 
generates. 

This plan of breeding in-and-in, says Youatt farther, when speaking 
of cattle : " has many advantages to a certain extent. It may be pursued 
until the excellent form and qualities of the breed are developed and 
established. It was the source whence sprung the cattle and the sheep 
of Bakewell, and the superior cattle of Colling — and to it must be traced 
the speedy degeneracy, the absolute disappearance, of the new Leicester 
or Bakewell cattle ; and in the hands of many an agriculturist, the im- 
pairment of constitution and decreased value of the new Leicester sheep 
and the Short-Horn beasts. It has therefore become a kind of principle 
with the agriculturist to effect some change in his stock every second or 
third year — and that change is most conveniently effected by introducing 
a new bull or ram. These should be as nearly as possible of the same 
sort coming from a similar pasturage and climate, but possessing no 
relationship, or at most a very distant one, to the stock to which he is 
introduced" — and these remarks " apply to all descriptions of live-stock," 
says Professor Johnston, author of the Farmer's Cyclopedia. 

This is the secret whereby Mr. George Patterson, of Maryland, 
has not only kept up but improved the size and beauty of his North De- 
vons. Every "two or three years," a new bull the best to be had in 
England, is introduced to his cows. The neglect of this precaution, and 
breeding in-and-in too closely, are the true reasons why we so rarely see 
the descendants of imported stock in this country equal to the originals. 
Too close breeding tells in Man as well as in beast ; hence the famous 
lines of Lord Byron when speaking of the nobility : 

" They breed in-and-in as might be known, 

" Marrying their cousins, nay, their aunts and nieces, 
" Which always spoils the breed, if it increases." 

But, after all, we must look closely to the form of the parents as well 
in Horses as cattle — for, let the world dispute as it may, whether " blood 
is everything," or "blood is nothing," — be the blood what it may, who 
has ever seen, as Apperley asks, an instance of a misshapen horse and 
ill-formed mare producing winners 1 — J. S. S.l 

38* 



24 THE FORM OF ANIMALS, 

The proper method of improving the form of animals^ 
consists in selecting a well-formed female, proportionally 
larger than the male. The improvement depends on this 
principle, that the power of the female to supply her 
offspring with nourishment is in proportion to her size, 
and to the power of nourishing herself from the excel- 
lence of her constitution. 

The size of the foetus is generally in proportion to that 
of the male parent ; and therefore, when the female pa- 
rent is disproportionately small, the quantity of nourish- 
ment is deficient, and her offspring has all the dispro- 
portions of a starveling. But when the female, from her 
size and good constitution, is more than adequate to the 
nourishment of a foetus of a smaller male than herself, 
the growth must be proportionately greater. The larger 
female has also a greater quantity of milk, and her off- 
spring is more abundantly supplied with nourishment 
after birth. 

To produce the most perfect formed animal, abundant 
nourishment is necessary from the earliest period of its 
existence, until its growth is complete. 

It has been observed, in the beginning of this paper, 
that the power to prepare the greatest quantity of nour- 
ishment, from a given quantity of food, depends princi- 
pally upon the magnitude of the lungs, to which the 
organs of digestion are subservient. 

To obtain animals with large lungs, crossing is the 
most expeditious method ; because well-formed females 
may be selected from a variety of a large size, to be put 
to a well-formed male of a variety that is rather smaller. 

By such a method of crossing, the lungs and heart 
become proportionately larger, in consequence of a pe- 
culiarity in the circulation of the foetus, which causes a 
larger proportion of the blood, under such circumstances, 
to be distributed to the lungs than to the other parts of 



THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 25 

the body; and as the shape and size of the chest depend 
upon that of the lungs, hence arises the remarkably large 
chest, which is produced by crossing with females that 
are larger than the males. 

The practice according to this principle of improve- 
ment, however, ought to be limited ; for, it may be car- 
ried to such an extent, that the bulk of the body might 
be so disproportioned to the size of the limbs as to pre- 
vent the animal from moving with sufficient facility. 

In animals where activity is required, this practice 
should not be extended so far as in those which are 
required for the food of man. 

On the Character of Animals. 

By character in animals is here meant, those external 
appearances by which the varieties of the same species 
are distinguished. 

The characters of both parents are observed in their off- 
spring ; but that of the male more frequently predominates? 

• *[To the contrary of this, as to Horses, T. B. Johnson, author of the 
Shooter's Companion, and a writer of high authorit}^ says : " although 
it is a maxim universally admilteil, that an equal degree of precaution 
should be used in respect to the Horse, it is doubly and trebly necessary 
with the mare — because strict observation has demonstrated that nearly 
or full t-,vo out of every three foals, display in their appearance more of 
the dam than the sire; and that there are more fillies than colts fallen 
every year will not admit of a doubt." 

This positively asserted predominance of females over males, may be 
accounted for on the principle established by very numerous experiments 
in France with sheep, if not with other animals — on ihe results of which 
the experimenter, whose name is not remembered, based and confidently 
asserted his theory, that the sex of the offspring, in all cases, depends 
much on the comparative vigour of the parenls. By putting old ewes 
to young rams in the prime of life, he never failed to get a large pro- 
portion of ram lambs ; and, vice versa, when young ewes in their prime 
were put to a ram lamb, which had not yet attained his full growth and 
development, or to old ones far gone in the down-hiii of life, then a very 
large proportion were females. A great number of experiments were 
given corroborative of the doctrine. Is it not reasonable to suppose that 
an influence sufficient to control the sex, would have an effect on exter- 



26 THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 

This may be illustrated in the breeding of horned ani- 
mals; among which there are many varieties of sheep, 
and some of cattle, that are hornless. 

If a hornless ram be put to a horned ewe, almost all 
the lambs will be hornless; partaking of 'the character 
of the male rather than of the female parent. 

In some countries, as Norfolk, Wiltshire, Dorsetshire, 
most of the sheep have horns. In Norfolk the horns 
may be got rid of by crossing with the Ryeland rams ; 
which would also improve the form of the chest and the 
quality of the wool. In Wiltshire and Dorsetshire, the 
same improvements might be made by crossing the sheep 
with South Down rams. 

An offspring without horns might be obtained from the 
Devonshire cattle, by crossing with hornless bulls of the 
Galloway breed ; which would also improve the form of 
the chest, in which, the Devonshire cattle are often de- 
ficient. 

Examples of the good effects of crossing the breeds. 

The great improvement of the breed of horses in Eng- 
land arose from crossing with those diminutive Stallions, 
Barbs, and Arabians ; and the introduction of Flanders 
mares into this country was the source of improvement 
in the breed of cart-horses. 

The form of the swine has also been greatly improved, 
by crossing with the small Chinese boar. 

Examples of the had effects of crossing the breeds. 

When it became the fashion in London to drive large 
bay horses, the farmers in Yorkshire put their mares to 

nal form and colour 1 It may be a reason why some of our very popu- 
lar stallions, being overtasked, have had so few of their get to rival them 
in power and fame. Every reader may cast about for himself, for in- 
stances, to see how far and to ichat other animals the principle applies. 
After all, in an economico-agricuitural view, it is much more important 
that the stallion should be all right because it is his blood that is to be 
diffused far and wide. — J. S. S.] 



THK FORM OF ANIMALS. 27 

much larger stallions than usual, and thus, did infinite 
mischief to their breed, by producing a race of small 
chested, long legged, large boned worthless animals.* 

A similar project was adopted in Normandy, to en- 
large the breed of Horses there by the use of stalHons 
from Holstein ; and, in consequence, the best breed of 
Horses in France would have been spoiled, had not the 
farmers discovered their mistake in time, by observing 
the offspring much inferior in form, to that of the native 
stallions. 

Some graziers in the Island of Sheppey, conceived 
that they could improve their sheep by large Lincoln- 
shire rams, the produce of which, however, was much 
inferior in the shape of the carcase, and the quality of 
the wool ; and their flocks were greatly injured by this 
attempt to improve them. 

Attempts to improve the native animals of a country, 
by any plan of crossing, should be made with the great- 
est caution ; for, by a mistaken practice extensively pur- 
sued, irreparable injury may be done. 

* [This was the effect experienced in Maryland, by the use of Exile, a 
Cleveland bay, of the highest breeding of his sort in England, imported 
by the late Robert Patterson about the year 1820. At three years oh), 
he was advertised for sale, and stated to be then upward of 16 hands 
high. 

They may do very well, with their long legs, long backs and long 
tails, for the heavy, lumbering slow coaches of millionaires, to drive to 
church, and occasionally to make a swell in town, but ihey are not fitted 
for the country — and especially not for this country. True, for the 
coach-horse we want substance, but we want that substance well placed, 
deep, well-proportioned body, rising in the withers, and slanting shoul- 
ders, short back well ribbed home, and broad loins; sound, flat, short 
legs, with plenty of bone under the knee ; and sound, open, tough feet. 
" In fact, coach-horses should be nothing more than large hackneys, 
varying in height from 15 hands 1 inch to 16 hands 1 inch." Such 
horses, of good colour, and well matched, will always command a high 
figure from the swelled heads in our large cities — men who have grown 
rich as the conduits of exchange, between the producer and the con- 
sumer of Agriculture and Manufactures J. S. S.] 

22 



28 THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 

In any country ^vhere a particular race of animals has 
continued for centuries, it may be presumed that their 
constitution is adapted to the food and climate. 

The pliancy of the animal economy is such, as that an 
animal will gradually accommodate itself to great vicis- 
situdes in climate and alterations in food ; and by de- 
grees undergo great changes in constitution ; but these 
changes can be affected only by degrees, and may often 
require a greater number of successive generations for 
their accomplishment. 

It may be proper to improve the form of a native race, 
but at the same time it may be very injudicious to attempt 
to enlarge their size. 

The size of animals is commonly adapted to the soil 
■which they inhabit ; where produce is nutritive and abun- 
dant, the animals are large, having grown proportionally 
to the quantity of food which for generations they have 
been accustomed to obtain. Where the produce is 
scanty, the animals are small, being proportioned to the 
quantity of food which they were able to procure. Of 
these contrasts the sheep of Lincolnshire and of Wales 
are examples. The sheep of Lincolnshire would starve 
on the mountains of Wales. 

Crossing the breed of animals may be attended with 
bad effects in various ways ; and that, even when adopted 
in the beginning on a good principle ; for instance, sup- 
pose some larger ewes than those of the native breed 
were taken to the mountains of Wales and put to the 
rams of that country ; if these foreign ewes were fed in 
proportion to their size, their lambs would be of an im- 
proved form and larger in size than the native animals ; 
but the males produced by this cross, though of a good 
form, would be disproportionate in size to the native 
ewes; and therefore, if permitted to mix with them, 
would be productive of a standing ill-formed progeny. 



THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 29 

Thus a cross which, at first, was an improvement, would, 
by giving occasion to a contrary cross, ultimately pre- 
judice the breed. 

The general mistake in crossing has arisen from an 
attempt to increase the size of a native race of animals ; 
being a fruitless effort to counteract the laws of nature. 

The Arabian Horses are, in general, the most perfect 
in the world ; which probably has arisen from great care 
in selection, and also from being unmixed wdth any va- 
riety of the same species, the males have therefore never 
been disproportioned in size to the females. 

The native Horses of India are small, but well propor- 
tioned, and good of their kind. With the intention of 
increasing their size, the India company have adopted a 
plan of sending large stallions to India. If these stal- 
lions should be extensively used, a disproportioned race 
must be the result, and a valuable breed of Horses be 
irretrievably spoiled. 

From theory, from practice, and from extensive ob- 
servation, wliicn is more to be depended upon than either, 
it is reasonable to form this conclusion, that it is wrong to 
enlarge a native breed of animals ; for in proportion to 
their increase of size, they become worse in form, less 
hardy, and more liable to disease.* 



* [For this plain reason, our farmers should have recourse to well-formed 
bulls of a smaller or midiiling size, rather than to those of a larger breed 
than the average size of their own catlle, and also why it is far better 
to emplciy compact, short-backed, well-formed, thorough-bred stallions, 
than cold-blooded stallions of larger size. 

Essential diflerenco has been found, by analysis in France, between 
the hlood of the ordinary Horse and that of the aristocratic race de- 
scended from the south-eastern courser. It is stated to be less serous 
than that of the common Horse. One cannot but admire the ardour 
with which, in France, they are now applying the sciences to enlighten 
all branches of agriculture, as it has been so much more and more suc- 
cessfully applied to other industries. A society of the first men of 
that country is devoted to the mcUorulion of i lie Horse, and they under- 
take to predict the time not distant when " la science du chevul," the 



30 THE FORM OF ANIMALS. 

science of the anatomy and physiology of the Horse — will be as well 
understood and agreed upon as any principles in Geometry. 

The reason that, in our country, agriculture has benefited so much 
less by the application of the sciences, is that the policy of the govern- 
ment has a tendency to disperse them, while it concentrates other classes. 
Instead of compelling the consumer — the shoemaker, the tailor, the 
wheelwright, and all manufacturing consumers to come from abroad as 
well as at home, and settle down nearest to them, the agriculturists 
fdster a policy which compels them — over bad roads — to expend half 
the produce in carrying it to the fashioner and consumer. — J. S. S.j 



THE PRINCIPLES OF BREEDING. 31 



ON THE IMPORTANCE OF MORE ATTENTION TO THE 
PRINCIPLES OF BREEDING — THE STALLION AND 
THE BROOD MARE. 

To every lover of the Horse, possessed of a knowledge 
of his fine points and capabilities, it must be lamentable 
to perceive how miserably ignorant and careless the mass 
of breeders of that noble animal appear to be, as to all 
the precautions which are indispensable to maintain him 
at the point of excellence which is known to be attainable 
— much less by well-digested and rational systems of 
breeding and rearing throughout the country, to meliorate 
his form and invigorate his constitution ; and on no one 
point is there, seemingly, more pernicious indifference 
displayed than in regard to the condition of the stallions 
they employ, as set forth in the Essay which these re- 
marks are intended to introduce. 

Well has it been said, in the introduction to the '■^An- 
nates des Haras et de V Agriculture^^'' that if the import- 
ance of a question is to be measured by the number of 
those who are occupied with it, that of the multiplication 
and of the amelioration of the Horse ought to hold the 
first rank in Political and Rural economy. The traditions 
of antiquity — those of nations, whether barbarous or 
enlightened — writinfjs the most ancient as well as the 
most modern — prove to us the estimation which Man, 
in all times, has attached to this his most noble conquest, 
to use the expression of Buffon. The Horse, as there 
alleged, is in truth the most fruitful source of the riches 
of States, by his indispensable instrumentality in the 
cultivation of the soil. He is one of the most direct 
agents of their power by the use that is made of him in 
armies, whether in peace or in war ; and has contributed 
much more than is generally considered, to the civiliza- 
22* 39 



32 THE IMPORTANCE OF ATTENTION 

tion of communities, by facilitating intercourse between 
them and the individuals of ^vhom they are composed. 

It is not, then, astonishing that in the abstract, so much 
importance should be attached to the multiplication and 
improvement of an animal so useful ; but is it not 
amazing that this universal admission of his value, and 
the general interest of society in cultivating his finest 
qualities, should give rise to no association or system in 
our country, based on reason, and guided by scientific 
principles ? On the contrary, everything is left to chance, 
to ignorance, and to narrow and sordid calculations of 
economy. True, we have societies that group the Horse 
with every other animal and thing, and offer petty pre- 
miums for the mere exhibition of the best that may 
happen to be convenient to, or purchased for the show ; 
but should not an object so important be made the sub- 
ject of special associations, and of legislative encourage- 
ment, directed to a thorough investigation of the princi- 
ples to be followed in all enlarged and judicious plans 
for the melioration of the whole race? Look at the 
amount of capital involved in the whole Union — 4,365,669 
horses. Value these at an average of $50, and we have 
a capital of $218,283,450, which, with anything like 
judgment or system, might be brought to an average 
improvement of at least twenty per cent, in a few y6ars. 
What is the number lost by exposure to sudden vicis- 
situdes of weather — to bad shoeing — in short, to ill 
treatment and ignorance of the management and the 
remedies prescribed in this ivork, no one can venture to 
estimate. Youatt sets down the loss of cattle by disease 
annually in England at $50,000,000 '.—and the loss of 
sheep at one-tenth of the whole number ; and though 
there the veterinary art is taught as a science in the en- 
dowed colleges, and regular professors practise it 
throughout the kingdom, he says it is difficult to say 



TO THE PRINCIPLES OF BREEDING. 33 

which is the greater source of this immense loss to the 
agriculture of the country — <' the ignorance and obstinacy 
of the servant and the cow-leech, or the ignorance and 
supineness of the owner.^'' The Horse, in a state of 
nature, even the colt — until subjected to ignorant hand- 
ling and cruel management, is much healthier than after 
he comes under the hands of him "who ought to be his 
kindest friend. 

If such be the immense mortality in England, what 
must it be among Horses in this country, where not one 
farmer in a hundred knows how to tell the colic from 
the botts, or the thrush from the scratches — ignorant 
alike of symptoms and of treatment ? 

Properly appreciating the importance of a constant 
supply of Horses for their cavalry, as one of the most 
efficient arms of her military power — the French Govern- 
ment takes it upon itself to supply its thirty-six thousand 
communes with stallions, whose services are put at the 
lowest rate, the average being set down at 5 or 10 francs, 
(one or two dollars,) and these stallions are required to 
be not under a certain age — four at the least — nor under 
a certain standard of height, according as they are tho- 
rough-bred, half-bred, or slow draft : 1 m. 49 centimes, 
or a fraction over 14.2 for thorough-bred ; 1 m. 55 c. 
for half-bred ; and 1 ra. 55 c. for heavy draft stallions — 
and undergo every year rigid inspection, to guard not 
only against palpable deformity of shape, but against 
any latent or transmissible diseases. Opposed as is the 
genius of our political institutions to regulations, too 
minute, of individual industry and concerns, yet it is 
hard to say why a planter's tobacco or his butter should 
be subjected to rigid inspection, and condemned and 
taken from him for bad quality or short weight, and yet 
that any fat, lazy, lounging rapscallion should be allowed 
to set up a public stallion without spirit or action, and 



34 THE STALLION AND BROOD MARE. 

too often tainted with some hereditary disorder or defect 
of body or temper — to deform and poison everything he 
is allowed to touch. The Arabians, after having brought 
their breed of Plorses to the highest degree of perfection 
of which they consider them capable, are said to have 
preserved their splendid qualities of great endurance, 
with highly organized matter and natural soundness of 
limb, by prohibiting the use of stallions until approved 
hy a public inspector. <' Breeders of all kinds of Horses," 
says Nimrod, "but of the race-horse above all others, 
scarcely require to be cautioned against purchasing or 
breeding from mares, or putting them to stallions, con- 
stitutionally inferior. By constitutionally inferior is 
chiefly implied, having a tendency to fail in the legs and 
feet during their training, which too many of our present 
racing breed are given to — although the severity of train- 
ing is not equal to what it was some years back. It 
would be invidious to particularize individual sorts ; but, 
says he, we could name stallions and mares from which 
the greatest expectations were raised, whose progeny 
have sacrificed thousands of their owners' money, en- 
tirely from this cause." After instancing numerous cases 
to show the heritableness of diseases — glanders among 
others — of horses, sheep, and cattle, "these conside- 
rations," continues an eminent French writer. Professor 
Dupuy, on the Veterinary art, " are to us of the greatest 
moment, since we have it in our power by coupling and 
crossing well-known breeds, to lessen the number of ani- 
mals predisposed to these diseases. Acting up to these 
ideas, our line of conduct is marked out. We must 
banish from our establishments, designed to improve the 
breed, such animals as show any signs of tuberculous 
disease or any analogous affection." 

Thus much have we felt called upon to say, introduc- 
tory of the following able dissertation on the condition 



THE STALLION AND BROOD MARE. 35' 

of the stallion — anonymously written by some gentle- 
man who has evidently observed the precaution too 
often neglected ; to understand his subject, before he 
began to speak upon it. It is taken from the <' Farmers' 
Library," for which it was \\-ritten, and where, it 
may be needless to say, such writers will always be truly 
welcome. As against the assertion of Surgeon Cline, 
with whom the author of this Essay agrees as to the pre- 
dominant influence of the male in characterizing the 
progeny, we have, in another place, arrayed the opinion 
of Mr. Johnson, it is but fair here to adduce, in support 
of the affirmative side of the proposition, the all-power- 
ful testimony of Mr. Apperly, who says : " Virgil, in 
his excellent remarks on breeding Horses, tells those of 
his readers who wish to gain prizes to look at the dam ; 
and until of very late years, it was the prevailing opinion 
of Englishmen that in breeding a racer the mare is more 
essential than the Horse, in the production of him in his 
highest form ; and we know it to have been the notion 
entertained by the late Earl of Grosvenor — the most ex- 
tensive though not perhaps the most successful breeder 
of thorouffh-bred stock that Endand ever saw. The 
truth of this supposition, however, has not been confirmed 
by the experience of the last half century, and much 
more dependence is now placed on the stallion than on 
the mare. The racing calendar, indeed, clearly proves 
the fact. 

" Notwithstanding the prodigious number of very highly 
bred and equally good mares that are every year put to 
the horse, it is from such as are put to our very best 
stallions that the great winners are produced. This can 
in no other way be accounted for than by such horses 
having the faculty of imparting to their progeny the 
peculiar external and internal formation absolutely essen- 
tial to the first-rate race-horse ; or, if the term < blood' 

39* 



36 THE STALLION AND BROOD MAUE. 

be insisted on, that certain innate but not preternatural 
virtue peculiarly belonging to some horses, but not to 
others, which, when it meets with no opposition from the 
mare — or, in the language of the stable, where < the cross 
nicks' by the mare admit of a junction of good shapes — 
seldom fails in producing a race-horse in his very best 
form." 

After all, when the reader shall have carefully perused 
the following disquisition, he will, we think, be apt to 
concur with us in the belief that incalculable loss and 
deterioration ensue from an almost universal want of 
attention to the condition of the stallion, and from igno- 
rance in what true condition consists. The maxim of 
the feeder of the ox may be embraced in the w'ords 
warmth, cleanliness and quiet. Not so with the grazier 
of stock-Q'd.\}Ae — for they may be kept too warm ; nor 
with the owner of a Stallion ; yet too generally they 
manage him as if he had nothing to do but to eat, drink, 
and sleep — except when suddenly aroused to go through 
violent agitation to the opposite extreme. 

— On the subject of the comparative agency of the 
male and female parent in the modification of the progeny 
in form and character, as sir Roger expressed it " much 
may be said on both sides." There needs no citation 
of instances to show the influence of the male progenitor 
in modifying the exterior form and colour, of the off- 
spring, and may we not infer it in regard to its internal 
structure, its temper and character? Neither can we 
deny the share of the female parent in the same influences 
— see how often the calf, in its marks, exhibits an exact 
copy of its dam. But there are cases of what is called 
SMperfoetation, which go to show some extraordinary 
pow'er of the male in transmitting his influence even to 
the second and third generation on the fruits of subse- 
quent conceptions from sexual intercourse between the 



THE STALLION AND BROOD MARE. 37 

same dam and other males. No fact in Natural History- 
need to be better proved ; and circumstances lead us to 
believe, though we are not aware that the question has 
occurred to naturalists, that this always occurs with the 
first or virgin conception ; and if so, it admonishes the 
breeder to be especially particular in the selection of the 
male to which is granted the high privilege of the first 
access. Out of many cases that might be referred to, 
the reader's memory may be here refreshed as to two that 
are somev^-hat familiar. 

Twenty-six years ago, in the London Farmer's Journal 
was recorded the case which had then lately appeared 
in the Philosophical Transactions, on the authority of 
Earl Moreton, stating that his lordship possessed a male 
animal called Quagga by the Hottentots — in whose 
mountains they abound. It closely resembles the Zebra, 
but of a smaller size. He determined on obtaining a 
foal by this animal, from a chestnut-coloured mare of 
seven-eighths blood, which had never been bred from. 
This gross prostitution — as we should call it — took place, 
and accordingly a female hybrid progeny was produced, 
which bore, in form and colour, decided indications of 
mixed blood, but proved incapable of breeding — as is al- 
most universally the case with mules ; but not quite, as the 
writer has proved in his edition of Youatt on the Horse, 
(Lea & Blanchard,) on the most unquestionable testimony. 

This mare of seven-eighth Arabian blood was soon 
after sold to Sir Gore Ousley, who afterward bred from 
her, by a very fine black Arabian stallion, two colts. 
These Lord Moreton went to see and examine, — the one 
a two-year old filly ; the other a yearling colt — both of 
which were as strongly characterized by Arabian blood 
as might be expected where there was fifteen-sixteenths 
of it present — but both in their colour and hair of their 
manes, they showed a striking resemblance to the quagga ! 



2S8 THE STALLION AND BROOD MARE. 

The whole statement was fully verified to the Society by 
Doctor Woolaston, a member of it, who examined both 
the filly and colt, and who was " distinguished for his 
very extensive knowledge." 

Following the communication of Lord Moreton in the 
Transactions, is one from Dr. Woolaston, relating the 
case of a black and white sow, of Mr. Western's cele- 
brated breed of hogs (she being the property of a Mr. 
Giles) which was put to a wild boar, of a deep chestnut 
colour, that was soon after by accident drowned. The 
pigs produced, which were the sow^sJirstVitier — partook 
in appearance of both boar and sow, but in some the 
chestnut colour of the boar strongly prevailed. This 
sow was afterward put to a boar of Mr. Western's breed. 
The pigs produced were some of them stained and clearly 
marked with the chestnut colour which had prevailed in 
the former litter. Her next litter, by a boar of Mr. Wes- 
tern's spotted, black and white breed, were also stained 
with marks of the wild boar — although in no other in- 
stance, with any other sow, had the least tinge of the 
chestnut colour been observed. 

Another very striking instance of the transmissible in- 
fluence which survives the first and impresses itself on 
subsequent conceptions, occurred under the observation 
of the writer of this, and was, it is believed, related in a 
small volume scribbled and published under the title of 
" The Sportsman and his Dog." The case was that of 
a beautiful coach-dog bitch, Annette, presented to him 
by that earnest and efficient promoter of agricultural im- 
provement, GoRHAM Parsons of Massachusetts, along 
with her full brother, Lubin. Though closely watched 
for the first signs of sexual appetite, with a view to a 
litter of the genuine breed for the great pleasure of giving 
them to friends to whom they were promised, a stray 
dog, of large size, of white colour, except his black ears. 



THE STALLION AND BROOD MARE. 39 

contrived to steal the first access to the bitch, and in all 
subsequent liUers, by Lubin, one pup always appeared 
to attest the indelible impression made in the enthusiasm 
of a first embrace. It may gratify curiosity to note such 
facts, and may serve, beyond all dispute, to show how 
cautious every breeder should be in the choice of the 
male — especially the one first employed. 

But how vain to endeavour to account for these 
things ! Nature invites us to study her ways, and science 
is most efficiently applied to every art and every industry, 
when it most closely conforms to her laws : but she has 
certain arcana of her own, which she keeps in reserve, 
and which defy the scrutiny of the most curious and im- 
portunate inquirer. We see enough to know that her laws 
are enacted by an All-Wise and Overruling Power; and 
can never be too grateful for the faculties that enable us, 
so much above other created beings, to study and under- 
stand them, and yet more for that hopeful thirst for know- 
ledge which is leading us on from one discovery to an- 
other, until, in view of what science is revealing from 
year to year, who shall say how near we may be per- 
mitted to approach the Supreme Intelligence ? Oh that 
our love of peace and of each other, may keep way with 
our progress in knowledge ! — for of those to whom much 
is given, much shall be required — else, has it been well 
asked, 

"why was Man thus eminently raised 

AmiJ the vast creation'? Why empowered, 
Through life and death, to cast his watchful eye 
With thought beyond the limits of his frame — 
But that the Omnipotent might send him forth 
In sight of angels and approving worlds: 
Might send him forth the sovereign good to learn ; 
To chase each meaner passion from his breast, 
And through the storms of passion and of sense 
To hold straight on, with constant heart, and eye 
Still fixed upon Man's everlasting palm, 
The approving smile of Heaven." 

23 



40 THE STALLION AND BROOD MARE. 

There is, as elsewhere intimated, if we consult Nature, 
always acting for the best, — reason to conclude it was 
intended, with domestic animals, that the male should 
exert the greater influence over the form and qualities 
of the progeny. Were it not so, how slow and inef- 
fectual would be all attempts at amelioration, for it is 
through one male that blood and form and qualities are 
imparted to great numbers — while, with the female, but 
a solitary effect or result can be accomplished during a 
whole period of gestation. In herds of wild Horses, 
Nature allows troops of mares to be engrossed by the 
stallion of most courage and strength, thus guarding 
against the inevitable degeneracy of promiscuous inter- 
course — and he again, after a season or two, is supplanted 
by some rebellious young rival, stronger if not braver 
than he, before time enough has elapsed to stamp the 
whole race by that degeneracy which follows incestuous 
intercourse long continued. Here again we are invited 
to follow^, and, as art may always do, improve upon, if 
we do follow, the laws of Nature. But, alas, of breeders 
of animals it may be said, "they have sought out many 
inventions" that violate her laws, and the consequence 
is, a miserable race of ill-formed, decrepit garrans, fit 
neither for harness nor saddle, for the road or the chase, 
for peace nor for war, nor for anything but — dog's meat. 



THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 41 



AN ESSAY ON THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 

The word condition is used by horsemen in a different 
sense from that in which it is understood as appHed to 
cattle by the mass of farmers. By condition the farmer 
often means a high state of fatness ; the horseman, on 
the contrary, makes use of the word to indicate the 
greatest heakh and strength produced by reducing all 
superfluous fat, bringing the mere flesh into clean, hard 
and powerful muscle, and invigorating the lungs and 
other internal organs, so that they may promptly discharge 
their respective functions, and suffer no damage from 
uncommon stress — the whole in order to the animal's 
performing labours and sustaining a continuance of action 
to which he would not be adequate without such especial 
preparation. 

By the Condition of a Stallion is meant the state of 
the system in which the male horse should be kept, in 
order to deriving from him the greatest excellence in the 
progeny. 

Too many persons are content to breed their mares to 
a horse whose figure suits them, without regard to his 
condition. The mention of one prominent instance alone 
will be sufficient to show that good condition is essential 
to the production of a valuable progeny. A remarkable 
case occurred in England some years since, in so high 
a quarter as to attract public attention, and consequently 
the fact of the account's obtaining currency without con- 
tradiction is a fair evidence of its correctness. The 
Prince of Wales, who afterwards became George tlie 
Fourth, owned, and was in the habit of riding as a hun- 
ter, an entire horse of unequalled excellence. In conse- 
quence of this horse's superior qualities, His Royal 
Hio-hness caused a few of his own mares to be bred to 



42 THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 

him in the spring, after he had been kept in the highest 
condition as a hunter throughout the winter, and the 
produce, on growing up, proved every way worthy of 
their sire. When His Royal Highness, as Prince Regent, 
became seriously engaged in the cares of Government, 
and therefore relinquished the pleasures of the chase, 
being desirous to perpetuate the fine qualities of this 
stock, he ordered the horse to be kept at Windsor for 
public covering, provided the mares should be of the 
first quality ; and in order to insure a sufficient number 
of these, directed the head groom to keep him exclu- 
sively for such, and to make no charge, with the ex- 
ception of the customary groom's-fee of half a guinea 
each. The groom, anxious to pocket as many half 
guineas as possible, published His Royal Highness's 
liberality, and vaunted the qualities of the horse, in order 
to persuade all he could to avail themselves of the 
benefit. The result was, the horse being kept without 
his accustomed exercise and in a state of repletion, and 
serving upward of a hundred mares yearly, that the stock, 
although tolerabl}' promising in their early age, shot up 
into lank, weakly, awkward, leggy, good-for-nothing 
creatures, to the entire ruin of the horse's character as a 
sire — until some gentleman, aware of the cause, took 
pains to explain it, proving the correctness of their state- 
ments by reference to the first of the horse's get, produced 
under a proper s}stem of breeding, and which were then 
in their prime, and among the best horses in England. 

Almost every observing farmer in this country has 
remarked that whenever, within his knowledge, an or- 
dinary work-horse has, by chance, covered a tolerably 
good mare, the foal thus produced has, at maturity, 
almost invariably become a better animal than it was 
expected to be, and in many cases proved quite superior 
to the get of the high-priced and highly pampered stal- 



THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 43 

lions of the neighbourhood. What was the cause of 
this ? Condition. The Avork-horse, by constant and 
severe exercise, was brought into heaUh and strength, 
and his stock partook of the state of his system at the 
time of copulation. Why is it that many experienced 
farmers, after having tried the best stallion within their 
knowledge, frequently resort to the keeping of one of 
their own colts or farm-horses entire, for the service of 
their mares, and actually obtain as large and as good 
and saleable stock from such a one, as that from the 
public stallions of far superior size, form, blood, and all 
other qualities, except this indispensable condition') 

It may be stated that, generally, whenever the get of 
a stallion has proved, at maturity, to be of remarkable 
excellence comparatively with the sire, such horse has 
been, at and previously to the time of getting such val- 
uable stock, kept without pampering, without excessive 
sexual service, and with a good share of exercise or 
labour. 

To show the effect of a peculiar state of the system in 
the parents at the time of copulation, instances may be 
cited from various sources. We will content ourselves 
with two — and first take a lamentable case in the human 
species as given in the valuable work on " The Consti- 
tution of Man," by George Combe: 

" In the summer of 1827, the practitioner alluded to 
was called upon to visit professionally a young woman 
in the immediate neighbourhood, who was safely deliv- 
ered of a male child. As the parties appeared to be 
respectable, he made some inquiries regarding the ab- 
sence of the child's father, when the old woman told him 
that her daughter was still unmarried; that the child's 
father belonged to a regiment in Ireland ; that last autumn 
he had obtained leave of absence to visit his friends in 
this part of the country, and that, on the eve of his de- 
23* 40 



44 THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 

parture to join his regiment, an entertainment was given, 
at which her daughter attended. During the whole 
evening she and the soldier danced and sang together; 
when heated by the toddy and the dance, they left the 
cottage and after the lapse of an hour were found to- 
gether in a glen, in a state of utter insensibility, from 
the effects of their former festivity ; and the consequence 
of this interview was the birth of an idiot. He is now 
nearly six years of age, and his mother does not believe 
that he is able to recognise either herself or any other 
individual. He is quite incapable of making signs 
whereby his wants can be made known, with this ex- 
ception, that when hungry he gives a wild shriek. This 
is a case upon which it would be painful, to dwell, and 
I shall only remark that the parents are both intelligent, 
and that the fatal result cannot otherwise be accounted 
for than by the almost total prostration or eclipse of the 
intellect of both parties from intoxication." 

For another instance of a peculiar constitution derived 
from a parent at the time of copulation, and owing to a 
temporary excitement of the animal, a respectable farmer 
related to the writer of this Essay that he witnessed the 
effect of pain and nervous agitation on a stallion just 
before the moment of covering, in the production of a 
wild, timid, violent and worthless colt. The sire was in 
repute as one of the best horses ever kept in the dis- 
trict ; and his stock afterward justified the opinion. The 
groom became angry and beat him in his stall in a cruel 
manner, and then led him out and allowed him to cover 
the mare, which was one of a perfectly quiet and orderly 
temper. The consequence was the production of an 
animal totally valueless, as above mentioned. 

That the doctrine here held is no " new thing under 
the sun " is evident from many venerated authors. Plu- 
tarch says " The advice which I am now about to give, 



THE CONDITION Of A STALLION. 45 

is indeed no other than what hath been given by those 
who have undertaken this argument before me. You 
will ask me what is that ? 'Tis this, that no man keep 
company with his wife for issue sake, but when he is 
sober — as not having before either drunk any wine, or, 
at least, not to such a quantity as to distemper him ; for 
they usually prove wine-bibbers and drunkards whose 
parents begot them when they were drunk ; wherefore, 
Diogenes said to a stripling somewhat crack-brained and 
half-witted, < Surely, young man, thy father begot thee 
when he was drunk ?' " 

Shakspeare intimates the same belief in making a hero 
insult his enemies with the taunt 

" For ye were got in fear." 

On no other known principle than this condition, or a 
peculiar state of the system at and before the time of 
copulation, can be explained the important fact which 
forms at once a criterion of skill in the scientific breeder, 
and a stumbling-block to the ignorant and unreasonable 
one, who would expect success without giving himself 
the trouble of investigating the natural laws which govern 
the subject of his operation : such a person is too apt to 
argue within himself that because the same parents at 
different times produce offspring of opposite character- 
istics, there can be no certain rules by which to create 
determinate qualities in the progeny : such a one would 
maintain that, because all the children of one married 
couple are usually somewhat different in characteristics 
from each other, there can be no means of predicting, 
with an approach to certainty, the qualities to be pro- 
duced in the offspring by a particular sexual intercourse. 
Now this law of condition accounts for the difference 
between individuals produced at several births from the 
same parents. The case of twins, in the human species, 
serves to strengthen this argument, inasmuch as the two 



46 THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 

persons produced at one birth usually bear a close resem- 
blance to each other, in all respects. 

It is known that ideal impressions on the female 
parent, subsequent to conception, frequently take per- 
manent effect on the offspring. That such causes do not 
usually give the leading characteristics to the progeny, 
is evident from these considerations : 

1st. The consequences of such impressions on the 
female, are usually somewhat of an unnatural or mon- 
strous order, being different from the traits of either 
parent, and from the common nature of the variety to 
which the animals belong. 

2d. It is a settled point with breeders that the pro- 
geny is more strongly characterized by the traits of the 
male, than by those of the female parent. This fact is 
well known ; and indeed it can hardly be expected other- 
wise than that the sex which bears so much the stronger 
impress of character, should impart the more visible re- 
semblance to the offspring, 

3d. It is an ascertained law of Nature, that peculiar- 
ities of climate, food, occupation and most other circum- 
stances atTecting the well-being of an animal, produce in 
its constitution a change such as is necessary for the wel- 
fare of the species; and that this proceeds throughout 
many generations, until the animal becomes completely 
adapted to the circumstances of its existence. [The 
same thing occurs in the vegetable kingdom.] 

This last consideration, of the gradually altered state 
of an animal through successive generations, is a strong 
instance of the effect of condition ; and it is by a regard 
to this invariable law of Nature, of self-adaptation to cir- 
cumstances, that the cultivation or improvement of any 
breed is to be effected. " Hence the most acid and 
worthless grape is by skilful culture rendered sweet and 
luscious ; flowers without attraction are gradually nurtured 



THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 47 

into beauty and fragrance ; the cat may be made to pre- 
sent all the rich colours of the tortoise-shell, and the 
pigeon may be ' bred to a feather.' " 

Let us now endeavour to deduce a useful, practical 
conclusion from the foregoing arguments. If our doc- 
trine be correct, the horse-breeder will depend upon the 
condilion of the stallion, in order to the producing of 
valuable stock from him, as well as upon his other qual- 
ities of pedigree, speed, action, bottom, wind, temper, 
spirit, form, style, size, colour, &c. 

The next practical question is, how this condition is 
to be attained, and how the animal is to be kept at the 
required standard in this respect. The requisite condition 
is only to be attained by training for health and strength 
in a great measure according to the system of training 
for races : supplying an abundant nourishment of the 
best quality, allowing sufficient periods of repose for di- 
gestion, and giving regular and strong exercise, the 
whole with such variations as only experience and close 
observation, under constant practice, can dictate. 

The aptitude of an animal to benefit by training is 
often inherited, like other qualities, from its parentage ; 
and judicious breeding alone can insure a continuance 
of the desirable quality, or create a propensity for it by 
proper crossing, when it does not exist in the parents. 

The age at which the horse is best adapted to under- 
go a course of training, is just at the close of his most 
rapid period of growth, while the system is in its great- 
est freshness and vigour. This period is at about five 
years old. The powers of a horse will augment by suit- 
able treatment in this respect until about the age of nine 
years : and, in order to obtaining the most valuable 
stock, a stallion should not be put to service before at- 
taining a full development of his powers, nor kept at it 
after his form or energies appear to be affected for the 

40* 



48 THE CONDITION OF A STALLION. 

worse. He should be, then, between five and fifteen 
years of age, if of an ordinary constitution ; but if of re- 
markable energy and endurance, and exhibiting no symp- 
tom of debility, may be continued until past twenty. 

Trainers find their endeavours to produce the highest 
state of strength, in an animal, greatly impeded by any 
excitement of the sexual appetite. It is then the more 
necessary to keep the horse in a state of training through- 
out the year, impressing most forcibly a tone of health 
and strength upon his system at the time when his nerves 
are liable to the least distraction; and continuing the 
course carefully thoroughout the season of copulation ; 
never allowing such excess of service, or of the excite- 
ment of sexual appetite, as to induce a disturbance of 
spirit or temper, or a relapse from the most thoroughly 
strong, healthy and regular tone of the system. 

G. B. 



TABLES. 



The following Tables may be so often useful to the classes of 
persons for whom this work is intended, that it has been thought 
expedient to give them a place. 

The list of medicines embraces such as ought to be kept con- 
stantly on hand, not only in every training and livery stable, but 
by every farmer and breeder who aspires to good management, and 
to deserve the praise of all men who happen to visit his establish- 
ment, and who know, as the French say, what is comme il faut. 
Some other medicines might well be added, but it is thought best 
not to leave any excuse to the indolent and improvident to say that 
too much is required — but we will begin with 

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 

Apothecaries' or Troy weight is most usually employed in medi- 
cine. In this, a pound contains twelve ounces : 

1 lb. is 5760 Troy grains. 

9 oz. or three-quarters of a lb 4320 " " 

6 « "a half lb 2880 " « 

3 " " one-fourth of a lb 1440 « « 

1 " "8 drachms 480 " " 

7 drachms 420 " « 

6 " 360 « « 

5 " 300 « « 

4 « or a half oz 240 " «« 

3 " ISO « « 

2 " 120 " «« 

1 '" 60 " « 

1 scruple 20 " «' 

apothecaries' weight. 

Twenty grains one scruple. 

Three scruples one drachm. 

Eight drachms one ounce. 

Twelve ounces one pound. 

MEASURE OF FLUIDS. 

Sixty drops one fluid drachm. 

Eight fluid drachms , one fluid ounce. 

Four fluid ounces a measure or naggin. 

Sixteen fluid ounces one fluid pint. 

Eight fluid pints one gallon. 

(49) 



50 



TABLES. 



LIST OF MEDICINES, 



^nd other articles which ought to be at hand about every training and 
livery stable, and every Farmer's and Breeder s establishment : 



MEDICINES. 



Aloes, Barbadoes, 

Alum, 

Arrow Root, 

Basilicon, yellow, 

Camphor, 

Castile Soap, 

Goulard's Extract, 

Honey, 

Hog's Lard, 

Linseed Meal, 

Nitre, 

Oil of Caraway, 

Oil, Castor, 

Oil of Cloves, 

Oil of Olives, 

Hartshorn, 



Resin, 

Spanish Flies, 

Sweet Spirit of Nitre, 

Spirit of Turpentine, 

Salt, common. 

Soft Soap, 

Tar, 

Tartar Emetic, 

Tincture of Myrrh, 

Venus Turpentine, 

Vinegar, 

Vitriol, Blue, 

Verdigris, 

Wax, 

White Lead. 



Apparatus for Compounding Medicines. 

A box of small weights and scales, for the weighing of medicines 

in small portions, as from a grain to two drachms the weights 

marked with English characters. 

One pair of two-ounce scales ; one pair of pound scales ; one 
pound of brass box-weights. 

A graduated glass for the measure of fluids, marked with English 
characters. 

One large and one small pestle and mortar. 

One marble slab, a foot and a half square, for mixing ointments. 

One large and one small ladle. 

One large and one small pallet knife — to mix and spread plasters. 

Articles necessary to be kept for adininistering and applying Medicines. 
Improved Ball Iron. 
Drenching horn. 

Flannel — for the applying of fomentations and poultices. 
Woollen and linen bandages. 
Tow, and broad coarse tape. 



Instruments. 



Stomach-pump, 

Elastic tube. 

Fleam and blood stick. 

Abscess lancet, 

Tooth rasp, with a guard. 



Seton, and curved needles, 
Improved casting hobbles. 
Brushes, currycombs, &c., of 
course. 



ERRATUM. 

.Page 51, for last paragraph substitute the following : 

Founder may be cured, and the traveller pursue his journey the 
next day, by giving a table- spoonful of alum! This I got from Dr. 
P. Thornton, of Montpelier, Rappahannock county, Virginia, as 
founded on his own observation in several cases. 

J. S. S. 



TABLES. 



51 



CALVING TABLE. 



Day Bul!ed. 


Will Calve. 


Day Bulled. 


Will Calve 


Day Hulled. 


Will Calve. 


Day Bulled. 


Will Calve. 


Jan'y 1 

" 7 
u 14 


Oct'r 8 

" 14 
" 21 


April 1 
" 7 
" 14 


Jan'y G 
" 12 
" 19 


July 1 
« 7 
" 14 


April 7 
" 13 

" 20 


Oct'r 1 
" 7 
" 14 


July 9 
« 15 
« 22 


" 21 
" 28 
" 31 


" 28 

Nov. 4 

" 7 


" 21 
" 28 
" 30 


" 2G 

Feb'y 2 

" 4 


" 21 
« 28 
" 31 


" 28 
May 4; 

" 8 


« 21 
« 28 
« 31 


" 29 

Aug. 5 

" 8 


Feb'y 1 

" 7 


« 8 
" 14 


May 1 

u 7 


" 5 
" 11 


Aug. 1 
" 7 


" 9, 
« 15 


Nov. 1 
" 7 


« 9 
" 15 


" 14 


" 21 


" 14 


" 18 


« 14 


" 22 


" 14 


« 21 


« 21 


" 28 


« 21 


« 25 


« 21 


« 29 [ 


" 21 


« 29 


« 28 
Mar. 1 


Dec'r 5 
" 6 


« 28 
« 31 


Mar. 4 

" 7 


" 28 
« 31 


June 5 


« 28 
« 30 


Sept. 5 

" 7 


" 7 
" 14 


« 12 
" 19 


June 1 

" 7 


« 8 
« 14 


Sept. 1 

" 7 


" 9, 

" 15' 


Dec'r 1 

" 7 


« 8 
" 21 


" 21 


" 26 


" 14 


" 21 


" 14 


« 22 


« 14 


" 21 


" 28 
« 31 


Jan'y 2 

" 5 


« 21 
" 28 

" 30 


" 28 

April 4 

" 6 


« 21 
« 28 
" 30 


" 29 

July 6 

" 8 


" 21 
" 28 
" 31 


" 28 

Oct'r 5 

" 8 







LAMBING TABLE. 



When to 
Ram. 


Will Lamb, 


When to 
Bam. 


Will Lamb. 


When lo 
Rim. 


Will Lamb. 


When lo 
Ram. 


Will Lamb. 


Jan'y 1 


May 27 


April 1 


Aug. 26 


July 1 


Nov. 25 


Oct'r 1 


Feb. 25 


" 14 


June 10 


" 14 


Sept. 8 


" 14 


Dec'r 9 


" 14 


Mar. 10 


Feb'y 1 


" 28 


May 1 


" 22 


Aug. 1 


« 26 


Nov. 1 


'' 26 


u 14 


July 12 


" 14 


Oct'r 8 


" 14 


Jan'y 8 


« 14 


April 9 


Mar. 1 


" 26 


June 1 


" 25 


Sept. 1 


" 26 


Dec'r 1 


" 25 


u 14 


Aug. 8 


« 14 


Nov. 8 


" 14 


Feb'y 9 


" 14 


May 9 



TO THE PUBLISHERS. 

Should you have anywhere a spare corner, please enter a protest 
in my name, against the cruel practice recommended, oi firing for 
iha lampas ; vi^hich takes its name from the brutal custom among 
old fan-iers, but now abandoned in England, of burning the swell- 
ing down with a red-hot lamp-iron. In most cases, it will soon 
subside of itself, especially if a kw mashes be given, aided by a 
gentle alterative. If need be, a few moderate cuts may be made 
across the bars with a pen-knife. 

Founder may be cured, and the traveller pursue his journey the 
next day, by giving a table-spoonful of alient ! This I got from Dr. 
P. Thornton, of Montpelier, Rappahannoc county, Virginia, as 
founded on his own observation in several cases. 

J. S. S. 

24 



TROTTING. 



This is a gait held in high estimation in the northern parts of the 
United States, and in Canada ; especially when a horse can go his 
mile within three minutes. Then, as he falls by seconds, his value 
rises by guineas. In the south, gentlemen don't "cotton" to such 
action; though a passion for this sort of equestrian display is travel- 
ling towards the land of the magnolia granJifiora, with some other 
changes less compatible with their ancient high-born chivalry. 

On the good old track at Charleston, among gentlemen who have 
never let the old Huguenot fires go down, you rarely see a snaffle- 
bridle^ or what is called a " goer I" They have an eye and a heart 
for a good horse ; but choose to retain the power of throwing him 
on his haunches when occasion may demand it. 

It is, we believe, a rule on all courses in the United States, that 
the jockey's weight, in a trotting race, whether in harness or saddle, 
must be not under 145 pounds. 

In harness, simply signifies a sulky, as light as the owner may 
choose. They generally weigh from 75 to 125 lbs. The weight of 
a trotting wagon is from 125 to 200 lbs. Hiram Woodruff's weight 
was about 160 lbs. 

An interesting investigation is now going on in England to ascer- 
tain whether Tom Thumb, the celebrated American trotter, ever 
performed 20 miles within the hour. Large bets are pending on 
the result. If he has ever accomplished such a feat, it has not been, 
within our knowledge, officially recorded. Many of the parties 
betting on Tom Thumb having performed the above feat, failing 
to procure satisfactory proof thereof, have paid their bets. 

Fanny Jenks trotted 101 miles in harness, over the Bull's Head 
course, Albany, in 9 hours, 42 minutes, 57 seconds, on the 5th of 
May, 1845. 

Fanny Murray trotted 100 miles, in harness, in 9 hours, 41 mi- 
nutes, 26 seconds, on the 15th of May, 1846, over the Bull's Head 
course, Albany. 

(52) 



TROTTING. 



53 



BEST TROTTING TIME, AT MILE HEATS. 



Nime. 


Saddle or 
Harnesi. 


Time. 


Course. 


Dale. 


Aggy Down 


saddle 


I 2 27, 2 29A, 2 30, / 
2 30, 2 31, 


Beacon Course, N, J. 


Sep. 25, 1845 




" 


2 32i,231i,2 33, / 

1 2 38, 


Beacon Course, N. J. 


June 26, 1843 




Confidence 


harness 


2 35, 2 37, 2 36 .. . 


Beacon Course, N. J. 


June — 1841 


Dutchman 


" 


2 35, 2 32, 2 35 .. . 


Beacon Course, N. J. 


July — 1839 


Dutchman 


saddle 


( 2 36, 2 35, 2 33, ) 
I 2 33, 2 40, 


Trenton, N.J 


Sop. —1836 


Edwin Forrest . . 


" 


2 31^, 2 33 


Contreville, L. I. . . . 


May — 1834 


Lady Suflfolk.... 


" 


( 2 28i, 2 28, 2 38, ) 
/ 2 29, 2 ,32, i 


Beacon Course, N. J. 


July 4, 1843 


Lady Suffolk 


" 


2 26i, 2 27, 2 27 . . 


Beacon Course, N. J 


July 12, 1843 


Norman Leslie. . 


" 


( 2 38, 2 36i, 2 38, / 
I 2 39, 2 38, 


Trenton, N.J 


June — 1836 



TWO MILE HEATS. 



Americus 

Americus 

Black Maria . . . 

Confidence 

D. D. Tompkins 

Dutchman 

Dutchman 

Edwin Forrest . 
Edwin Forrest . 

Hector 

James K. Polk . 
Lady Suffolk... 
Lady Suffolk... 
Lady Suffolk. . . 

Ripton 

Kipton 

Ripton 



harness 
saddle 

harness 
saddle 

harness 
saddle 
harness 



saddle 
harness 



5 13, 5 11 

5 17i, 5 17, 5 22 . . 

5 19i, 5 12i 

I516i,5 16i,5 16, , 
I 5 18, 5 25, I 

5 16i, 5 11 

5 16, 5 09 

5 11, 5 16 

5 05, 5 06 

5 17, 5 13, 5 17 . . 

5 24, 5 19, 5 17i . 

6 16, 5 16i 

4 59, 5 03i 

5 10, 5 15 

5 17, 5 19, 5 18 . . 

5 lOi 5 12i 

5 07, 5 15 

5 07, 5 15, 5 17 . . 



Union Course, L. I, 
Hunting Park, Pa. . 
Cambridge Park . . . 

Centreville, L. L . . . 

Centreville, L. 1. . . . 
Beacon Course, N. J. 
Beacon Course, N. J. 
Hunting Park, Pa. . 
Hunting Park, Pa. . 
Hunting Park, I'a. . 
Union Course, L. I. 
Centreville, L. I. . . . 
Centreville, L. I. . . . 
Beacon Course, N. J. 
Beacon Course, N. J. 
Hunting Park, Pa. . 
Hunting Park, Pa. . 



Oct. 8, 1846 
Oct. 17, 1846 
June 18, 1845 

May — 1841 

Oct. — 1837 
April— 1839 
Oct. — 1839 
May — 1840 
Oct. — 1838 
June 2, 1846 
Nov. 18, 1846 
S,'p. — 1840 
May — 1842 
May 21, 1844 
May — 1842 
May — 1842 
May — 1842 



THREE MILE HEATS. 



Columbus. .. . 
Dutchman . . . 
Dutchman . .. 

Dutchman . .. 

Dutchman . .. 
Lady Suffolk. 
Ripton 



saddle 
harness 



7 58, 8 07 

7 :«i 

7 41 

I 7 5U. 7 50, 8 02. 
I 8 24i, 

751, 751 

7 40i, 7 56 

8 00, 7 56i 



Hunting Park, Pa. . 

Beacon Course, N. J. 
Beacon Course, N. J. 

Beacon Course, N. J. 

Hunting Park, Pa. . 
Hunting Park, Pa. . 
Beacon Course, N. J. 



June — 1834 
Aug. — 1839 
July — 1839 

Oct. — 1838 

Mav — 1840 
May — 1841 
Aug. -- 1842 



FOUR MILE HEATS. 



Dutchman 


saddle 


11 19, 10 51 


""entrevillp. T,. I. . . . 


Mnv 


— IP36 


Ladv Suffolk.... 


" 


11 15, 11 58 


Centreville, L. I. . . . 


June 


— 1?40 


Lady Suffolk... 


" 


1122, 11 34 


Camhridjp Park . . . 


Nov. 


— IP. 39 


Sir Peter 


harness 


1123, 1127 


Hunting Park, Pa. 


Oct. 


— 1^29 


Ellen Thompson, 


saddle 


1155, 11 33 


Beacon Cours?, N. J. 


May 


— 1812 



RACING. 



BEST TIME ON RECORD AT MILE HEATS. 



Name. 



Levia- ) 
D. F. \ 
;r's, ) 



Aduella 

Aduella 

Bendigo 

Bendigo 

Beta 

BigAlick 

Capt. McHeath 

Cassandra .... 

Colt by Levia- 
than 
Kenner' 

Creath 

Croton 

Croton 

Dan. Mclntyre. . 

Fred. Kaye .... 

Fred. Kaye 

Gildersleeve . . . 
Harden'd Sinner 
Houri, (Imp.) . . 
Jane Adams . . . 

Jim Bell 

John Hampden . . 
Kitty Harris . 

Leda 

Little Trick . 
Lucy c. (Buford's) 
Mary Brennan . . 
Minstrel. .. . 
Miss Footo . 

Mnsic 

Music 

Nathan Rice 
Prospect .... 
Sailor Boy . . 
Serenade . . . 
St. Pierre . . . 
Sunbeam . . . 
Susan Hill . . 
The Duke . . 

Uncas 

Victor 



1 48, 1 50, 1 49 

1 50, 1 47, 1 SiJi 

1 50, 1 48, 1 49 

1 48, 1 50, 1 48, 1 49 . 
1 45, 1 45, 1 57, 2 01 . 
1 57, 1 47i, 1 50, 1 51 

1 49, 1 48, 1 50 

1 48, 1 49i 



1 48, 1 m, 1 50 , 



148, 148, 146 

1 51, 1 54i, 1 49 

1 49 

150, 148, 151 

1 50, 1 48i, 1 50, 1 53i, 1 52i, 

I 1 52, 1 47i, 1 52, 1 48, ) 
1 57i, 1 56i, i • 

1 51, 1 49, 1 53, 1 56 

1 50, 1 48, 1 49i 

1 47, 153 

1 47i, 1 52 

151, 146 

148, 1 49, 153 

1 48, 1 51, 2 02 

1 48, 1 48 

1 48 

149, 148, 151 

1 48, 1 49 

1 48, 1 48 

1 47, 1 49, 1 48, 1 50, 1 50 . . 

1 50, 1 48 

1 48i, 1 46i, 1 48 

1 45, 1 52 

1 50, 1 48, 1 53 

1 51,1 49, 148 

1 48, 1 55, 2 00 

1 47, 1 56, 1 55 

1 47, 1 48, 1 46i, 1 47, 1 47 . 

1 55, 1 50, 1 48 

1 48, 1 55i, 1 53i 

1 45i, 1 48, 1 47i 

1 50, 1 55, 1 48 



New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 

Le.\ington, Ky 

New Orleans, La. . . 
Nashville, Tenn.. . . 

Louisville, Ky 

Columbus, Ga 

Washington, D. C. 

New Orleans, La. . . 

New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Georgetown, Ky. . 
Louisville, Ky. ... 

New Orleans, La. . 

Versailles, Ky 

Jackson, Miss 

New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Lexington, Ky. . .. 
Orange C. H., Va. . 
Baltimore, Md. . . . 
Lexington, Ky. . .. 
E. Feliciana, La. . 
Bardstown,Ky. . .. 
Cincinnati, Ohio. . 
Louisville, Ky. . . . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Louisville, Ky. . . . 

Trenton. N. J 

Cynthiana, Ky. ... 
Cynthiana, Ky. . .. 
Orange C. H., Va. . 
New Orleans, La. . 

Havana 

Trenton, N. J 

E. Feliciana, La. . 
Kanawha, Va 



Dec. 25, 1842 
Mar. 19, 1843 
Sep. 24, 1840 
Mar. 21, 1841 
May 22, 1841 
June 4, 1842 
May 4, 1839 
June 1, 1841 

April 1, 1846 



Mar. 27, 
Dec. 20, 
Mar. 15, 
Apr. 28, 
Oct. 9, 

Dec. 6, 

Sop. 18, 
Feb. 17, 
Mar. 18, 
Oct. 29, 
May 21, 
Sep. 18, 
May 17, 
May 19, 
Apr. 24, 
Oct. 12, 
Oct. 19, 
June 4, 
Dec. 12, 
Mar. 17, 
Dec. 29, 
Oct. 7, 
May 25, 
Oct. 25, 
Oct. 25, 
Sep. 15, 
Mar. 24, 
Apr, 30, 
May 31, 
Apr. 27, 
June 7, 



1842 
1846 
1846 
1842 
1846 

1846 

1846 
1844 
1840 
1845 
1841 
1839 
1842 
1841 
1844 
1839 
1839 
1839 
1841 
1842 
1844 
1844 
1841 
1^39 
1839 
1841 
1844 
1843 
1839 
1844 
1839 



BEST TIME ON RECORD AT TWO MILE HEATS. 



Na 



Alarick 

Ann Haj'cs 

Ann Stuart 

Arraline 

Attakapas 

Balie Peyton . .. 

Bce's-Wing 

Betsey Archy, / 
filly, i 

Black-Nose 

Brown Kilty. .. 

Buck-Eye 

Butterfly filly . . 

(54) 



3 54, 3 39 

3 4.^^^, 3 42i 

3 50, 3 44, 3 45 

3 44i, 3 49,3 49,3 50 

3 40, 3.'iT , 

3 54, 3 45 

3 44, 3 47 

3 53, 3 44 

3 491,3 45 

3 491, 3 44, 3 45 .... 

3 56, 3 40, 3 47 

3 48J, 3 50, 3 40 



Cnun 



Lexinoton, Ky . . . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Memphis, Tenn. . . 
Louisville, Ky. . . . 

Columbus, Ga 

Broad Rock, Va. . . 
New Orleans, La. . 

Washington, D.C. 

Georgetown, Ky. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans. La. . 
Lexington, Ky. . . . 



Dale 



Sep. 26, 1845 
Nov. 21, 1844 
Nov. 14, 1843 
June 7, 1843 
Ma\' 2, 1839 
Apr. 2t3, 1839 
Mar. 26, 1839 

May 31, 1841 

Sep. 18, lail 
Dec. 1, 1840 
Mar. 18, 1841 
Sep. 27, 1845 



Continued on page 55. 



hacing. 



55 



BEST TIME ON RECORD AT TWO MILE HEATS. 



Ninie 



Churchill 

Consol Junior . . . 

Creath 

Creath 

Creath 

Croton 

Croton 

Croton 

Cub 

Earl of Margrave 

Gazan 

George W. Konda 
Governor Butler . 

Grey Medoc 

Grey Medoc 

Hero 

Hornblower 

La Bacchante.. . . 

Laneville 

Maid of Northampt'n 

Midas 

Miss Clash 

Motto 

Motto 

Music 

Music 

Music 

Nancy Clark 

Nanny Rogers .... 

Oh See 

Passenger, (Imp.) . 

Purity 

Ralph 

Richard of York . • 
Richard of York . . 

Robert Bruce 

Rocker 

Ruffin 

Ruffin 

Sallv Shannon .... 

Sally Ward , 

Sarah Bladen 

Sarah Washington 

Senator 

Snag 

Sorrow, (Imp.) ... 
Stanley Eclipse . . . 

Sthreshley 

Siisan Hill 

Taslioni • -. 

Tarantula 

The Colonel 

Treasurer 

Trenton 

Vertner 

Viola 

Warfiold's Too ) 
Soon colt, ( ■ ■ ' 

Wellington 

West Florida 

Will-Go 

Wilton Brown. .. . 
Young Whig 



3 46, 3 47 

3 53, 3 47 

3 41 

3 4-2 

3 45 

3 44i, 3 50 . . . . 
, 3 43i, 3 43i . . 

, 3 46 

, 3 44 

3 40i, 

3 45 

3 47, 3 45, 4 07 

3 46 

3 49, 3 55 

3 55 

3 55 

3 51 , 

4 03 

3 45, 3 51A 



3 49, 
3 46, 
3 41, 
3 46, 
3 40. 
3 50, 
3 44J 
3 47i 
3 451 
3 46, 
3 45, 
3 50, 
3 57, 
3 46, 
3 45, 
3 45, 
3 46, 
3 41, 
3 50, 
3 45 
3 46, 
3 46, 
3 48i 
3 46, 
3 49, 
3 51, 
3 49, 
3 46, 
3 48, 

3 49, 

4 10, 
3 50 
3 51, 
3 49, 
3 46, 
3 43, 
3 48, 
3 49, 
3 49, 
3 50, 
3 50, 
3 46. 
3 45 
3 46, 
3 48, 
3 55, 
3 44, 
3 43, 
3 45, 
3 49, 
3 48, 
3 45, 
3 47, 
3 46, 
3 46, 
;}47, 



3 49, 3 45 

3 56, 3 52, 3 43, 3 50 

3 51i, 3 46, 3 53 

3 46 

3 52, 3 45 

3 53, 3 44 



3 46 

3 43 

,3 43 

3 48i 

3 46, 3 51 . 
3 46, 3 55 . 

3 45 

3 46 

3 46, 3 51 . 

3 46 

3 53, 3 44 . 

3 44 

3 45 

3 46 

3 44 

3 43, 3 47 

3 46 

3 45i, 4 42i 

3 46 

3 43 

3 41i 



3 46 

3 43 

3 43 

3 45i 

3 45 

3 51 

3 46 

3 46 

3 50 

3 45i 

3 45 

3 48 

3 45 



Lexington, Ky. . . . 
Louisville, Ky. . . . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Louisville, Ky. . . . 

Havana 

New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Louisville, Ky. . .. 
New Orleans, La. . 
Lexington, Ky. . .. 
New Orleans, La. . 

Camden, S. C 

New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 

Pineville, S.C 

Union Course, L. I 
New Orleans, La. . 

Fairfield, Va 

Washington, D. C. 
Baltimore, Md. . . . 
Louisville, Ky. . . . 
Le.\ington, Ky. . . . 
Bardstown, Ky. . . . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 

.\ugusta, Ga 

Lexington, Ky. . . . 
Richmond, Va. . . . . 

Trenton, N. J 

Jackson, Miss 

Louisville, Ky. . . . . 
New Orleans, La. . 
New Orleans, La. . 
('incinnati. Ohio. . . 

Trenton, N. J 

Le.vington, Ky 

Natchez, Miss 

Frankfort, Ky 

New Organs, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . 
Orange C. H. Va. . 

Baltimore, Md 

Terre Haute, Ind. . 

Springfield, III 

Trenton, N.J 

New Orleans, La. . 

Havana 

Pineville. S.C 

Nashville, Tenn. . .. 

Baltimore, Md 

Trenton, N.J 

Union Course, L. I 

Le.xington, Ky 

E. Feliciana, La. . 

Lexington, Ky 

Camden. N. J 

Georffotown, Ky.. .. 
Broad Rock, Va. . . . 
-Alexandria, D. C. . . 
Oaklev, Miss 



Dale. 

Sep. 20, 
June y, 
.Mar. 24, 
June 1, 
Apr. 26, 
.Apr. 13, 
Apr. 2, 
Apr. 16, 
Oct. 1, 
Mar. 23, 
May 23, 
D-c. 10, 
Nov. 21, 
Dec. 27, 
Mar. 18, 
Feb. — 
May 8, 
.Apr. 3, 
.May 20, 
Oct. 2, 
May 9, 
June 15, 
Sep. 26, 
Sop. - 
Dec. 22, 
Jan. 4, 
Dec. 25, 
D.'C. 9. 
May 22, 
.Apr. 16, 
Oct. 25, 
Jan. 28, 
June 5, 
-Mar. 13. 
Mar. 24, 
Oct. 14, 
May 29, 
Sep". 21, 
Nov. 19, 
iep. 7, 
Dec. 3, 
Mar. 17, 
Sep. 16, 
May 8, 
Sp. — 
.Apr. 24, 
Oct. 30, 
.Mar. 19, 
-Apr. 28, 
Jan. 30. 
Oct. 4, 
.Alay 4, 
iMav 28, 
Oct. 8. 
Sep. 21, 
Apr. 25, 

May 23, 

Oct. 26, 1841 
.Apr. 12. 1839 
Oct. 2. 1>^:!9 
June 5, 1842 
Dec. 7, 1844 



1843 

1843 

1842 

1842 

1843' 

1845 

1846 

1846 

1839 

18-1 

1840 

1841 

1840 

1840 

1839 

1813 

1839 

1845 

1841 

1845 

1844 

1844 

1844 

1842 

1842 

1844 

1844 

1840 

1846 

1845 

18.39 

1846 

18.39 

1839 

1839 

1839 

1839 

1843 

1845 

1842 

1846 

1842 

1841 

1844 

1644 

1839 

1845 

18-10 

1843 

1844 

1844 

1844 

1840 

1.^39 

18:i9 

1844 

1846 



IJ 



24 



41 



56 



EACING. 



BEST TIME ON RECORD AT THREE MILE HEATS. 



Ailsey Scroggins 

Andrevvetta 

Argentile 

Astor 

Black-Nose 

Black-Nose 

Blue Dick 

Blue Dick 

Blue Dick 

Bob Letcher 

Boston 

Clarion 

Creath 

Creath 

Creath 

Eliza Calvert 

Fashion 

George Martin 

George Martin 

Glorvina 

Hard Cider 

Isola 

James F. Robinson 

Jeannetton 

Joe Chalmers 

Kate Aubray 

Liz Hewitt 

Louisa Jordan 

Maria 

Mariner 

Master Henry 

Midas 

Miss Foote 

Polly Green 

dueen Mary 

Red Bill 

Register 

Ripple 

Rover 

Ruffin 

Sally Shannon 

Santa Anna 

Sarah Washington. 
Sarah Washington. 

Tazewell 

Ten Broeck 

The Colonel 

Treasurer 

Treasurer 

Wilton Brown 



57, 5 46, 5 54i 

48, 5 42i 

42, 5 51 

45, 5 44 

48, 5 40 

45, 5 46 

44, 5 38} 

42, 5 391 

50, 5 46 

52, 5 46, 6 12, 5 51 . . 

46 

45i, 5 57 

57, 5 43 

45, 5 44i 

44, 5 53 

OOi, 5 59, 5 46 

43 

40, 5 46 

45,1,5 49, 5 52 

45,5 51 

41, 6 14, 5 55, 5 50 . . 
04i, 5 45, 6 02i, 6 44 

46,555 

45, 5 38i 

48, 5 45 

40, 5 41 

44i 

39, 5 40 

57, 5 44 

46, 5 56 

47i, 5 40, 5 56, 6 01 . 

45, 5 58 

59, 5 46 

46, 5 48 

37, 5 40, 5 40 

40, 5 48, 5 49 

45, 5 49 

51, 5 47, 5 44, 5 52 . . 

47, 5 48, 5 46, 5 52 . . 

401, 5:50 

41i, 5 50, 5 57, 6 01 . 

431, 5 48 

51,5 45 

40, 5 45 

46 

01, 5 41,5 49 

42, 5 54, 5 56 

42 

551, 5 46 

45,' 6 05 



Bardstown,Kv 

Trenton, N. J". 

Louisville, Ky 

Washington, D. C. . 

Frankfort, Ky 

Lexington, Ky 

Trenton, N.J 

Alexandria, P. C. . . 

Baltimore, Md 

Lexington, Ky 

Broad Rock, Va. . . . 
Union Course, L. I. 

Louisville, Ky 

New Orleans, La. . . 

Havana 

Camden, N. J 

Baltimore, Md 

New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 

Natchez, Miss 

Fredericksburg, Va. 

Lexington, Ky 

Lexington, Ky 

New Orleans, La. . . 
Memphis, Tenn. . . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 

Peoria, 111 

New Orleans, La. . . 

E. Feliciana, La 

Camden, N. J 

Baltimore, Md 

Washington, D. C. . 

Mobile, Ala 

Columbus, Ga 

Cincinnati, Ohio. . . 

Lexington, Ky 

Baltimore, Md 

Louisville, Ky 

Lexington, Ky 

New Orleans, La. . . 

Lexinston, Kv 

Pineville, S. C 

Broad Rock, Va. . . . 

Baltimore, Md 

Rome, Ga 

Louisville, Ky 

Camden, N. J 

Union Course, L. I. 
Union Course, L. I. 
Alexandria, D. C. . . 



Sep. — 1843 
May 29, 1840 
June 6, 1844 
June 3, 1841 
Sep. 24, 1840 
Sep. 28, 1840 
May 19, 1842 
June 3, 1842 
May 6, 1844 
May 26, 1843 
Apr. 27, 1839 
Oct. 9, 1839 
Oct. 15, 1841 
Mar. 28, 1843 
Apr. 29, 1843 
Oct. 29, 1841 
Oct. 16, 1846 
Mar. 25, 1842 
Mar. 17, 1843 
Apr 25, 1839 
May 28, 1840 
Sep. 19, 1843 
May 20, 1841 
Dec. 27, 1844 
Nov. 15, 1843 
Dec. 23, 1842 
Oct. 28, 1843 
Dec. 4, 1846 
Apr. 20, 1844 
Mav 21. 1841 
May 16, 1839 
.May 16, 1844 
Mar. 10, 1842 
May 2, 1839 
Oct. 17, 1839 
Mav 22, 1840 
Oct". 20, 1842 
Oct. 8, 1840 
Sep. 24, 1844 
Mar. 22, 1844 
Sep. 21, 1842' 
Fib. 8, 1H43 
Apr. 21, 1842, 
Mav 19, 1842 
Sep. 10, 1840 
June 2, 1842| 
Nov. 27, 1845 
June 5, 18401 
Oct. 5, ]842i 
June 4, 1842' 



RACING. 



57 



BEST TIME ON RECORD AT FOUR MILE HEATS. 



Na 



Aiidrewetta . . . 
Ann Hayes. . . . 

Baiiflit 

I'liston 

Entaw 

Eclipse 

Fashion 

Fashion ...... 

Fashion 

Fashion 

Fashion 

Fashion 

Fasliion 

George Martin. 

Greyhead 

Grey Medoc . .. 

la^o 

Jerry Lancaster 
Jerry Lancaster 
Jerry Lancaster 
Jerry Lancaster 

Jim Bell 

Miss Foote .... 

Miss Foote 

Miss Foote 

Oniesa 

Peytona 

Peyton a 

Reel 

Reel 

Rover 

Sarah Bladen . . . 
Vashti 



r 42 

44 

46, 7 58i 

7 43 

, 7 49, 8 24 

7 48 

7 45 

7 50i 

7 49 



7 51 

7 43 

, 7 50 

8 19, 7 42, 8 17 . 
58 

7 40 

8 14 

7 45 

7 43, 8 08 

7 40 

7 35 

7 40 

. 7 39, 7 51i .... 

7 45 

7 48 

7 451 

7 43 

7 41 

7 39i, 7 51, 8 29 

7 40 

7 46, 8 19 



Raleifih, N. C 

New Orleans, La. . • 

Baltimore, Md 

Union Conrse, L. I. 
Washington, D. C. . 
Union Course, L. I. 

Camden, N. J 

Union Course, L. I. 

Camden, N. J 

Trenton, N. J 

Baltimore, Md 

Union Course, L. I. 

Baltimore, Md 

New Orleans, La. . . 

Le.xington, Ky 

New Orleans, La. . . 

St. Louis, Mo 

New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 

St. Louis. Mo 

New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 

Lexinffton, Ky 

New Orleans, La. . . 

Augusta, Ga 

New Orleans, La. . . 
Union Course, L. I. 
New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 
New Orleans, La. . . 
Baltimore, Md 



Nov. 7, 1839 
Mar. 23, 1844 
May 15, 1840 
May 13, 1842 
May 6, 1842 
May 27, 1843 
Oct. 28, 1841 
May 10, 1842 
Oct. 29, 1842 
Nov. 4, 1843 
Oct. 20, 1843 
Oct. 23, 1845 
May 14, 1846 
Mar. 29, 1843 
Sep. 23, 1843 
Mar. 20, 1841 
June 24, 1844 
.'Vpr, 5, 1845 
Apr. 12, 1845 
Oct. 21, 1846 
Dec. 5, 1846 
Mar. 19, 1842 
Mar. 26, 1842 
Sep. 25, 1842 
Dec. 24, 1842 
Dec. 11, 1840 
Jan. 6, 1844 
May 13, 1845 
Dec. 11, 1841 
Mar. 18, 1843 
Dec. 28, 1844 
Mar. 17, 1841 
May 15, 1839 



58 RACING. 



THE ST. LEGER. 

The Doncaster St. Leger (in England pronounced Sellenger,) 
is tlie most important stake in Great Britain, amounting to from 
eighteen to twenty-four thousand dollars, and is run for, annually, 
by three year old colts and fillies: the former carry 119 pounds, the 
latter 114. 

With these tables in view, a comparison of the speed of English 
and American horses can easily be made, having due regard to 
weight, age, and the distance run. The St. Leger is a race of one 
straight heat, and the horse has only to do his best for that single run. 

J. S. S. 

The following table will show the reader the distance per second 
averaged by horses running at any distance : — 

Time of running Distance per second, 

one mile. Yds. Ft. In. 



140 17 1 9} 

1 41 17 1 31 

1 42 17 9J. 

1 43 17 3i 

144 16 2 91 

145 16 2 3? 

1 46 16 1 9J 

147 16 1 4j 

148 16 10| 

149 16 5| 

1 50 16 

151 15 2 6y\ 

152 15 2 1| 

153 15 1 8f^ 

1 54 15 1 3| 

1 55 15 11 



156 15 6j^5 



'TV 

1 57 15 12" 



^tt 



1 58 14 2 

1 59 14 2 4^\ 

2 00 14 2 



RACING. 59 



AVERAGE SPEED FOR THE DONCASTER ST. LEGER. 

Distance I mile 6 furlongs 132 yards. 



re„. Nan,eofHor.e. '^-^ ^^i- 

1818 Reveller 3 15 988 

1846 Sir Tatton Sykes 3 16 983 

1838 Don John 3 17 978 

1819 Antonio 3 18 973 

1842 Blue Bonnet 3 19 968 

1835 Queen of Trumps 3 20 963 

1836 Elis 3 20 963 

1840 Launcelot 3 20 963 

1843 Nutwith 3 20 963 

1847 Van Tromp 3 20 963 

1834 Touchstone 3 22 954 

1841 Satirist 3 22 954 

1837 Mango 3 23 949 

1844 Faugh-a-ballagh 3 23 949 

1823 Barefoot 3 23i 948 

1825 Memnon 3 231 947 

1827 Matilda 3 24 945 

1826 Tarrare 3 25 940 

1839 Charles XII 3 25 940 

1845 The Baron 3 25 940 

1820 St. Patrick 3 26 935 

1822 Theodore 3 26 935 

1824 Jerry 3 29 922 

1810 Octavian 3 30 918 

1812 Otterington 3 31 913 

1833 Rockingham 3 38 884 

Mean speed 3 24 945 

41 * 



PEDIGREES 

OF 

WINNING HORSES, 

SINCE 1839. 
Being an Appendix to Mason's Farrier. 



A. 

AARON, b. h. by Tennessee Citizen, dam by Timoleon. 

ABBEVILLE, b. h. by Nullifier, dam by Gallatin. 

ABNER HUNTER, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Biackburn-s Whip. 

ACALL\, b. m. by Luckless. 

ACHILLES, gr. h. by Boxer. 

ADELA, b. m. by The Colonel, dam \_Imp^ Variella by Blacklock. 

ADELAIDE, b. m. by [Imp.'] Leviathan, dam by Napoleon. 

ADELIA, b. m. by Mons. Tonson, dam by Sir Archy. 

ADRIAN, ch. h. by [/»i/).] Luzborough, dam Phenomena, by Sir 
Archy. 

ADUELLA, ch. m. by \_Imp.'\ Glencoe, dam Giantess by [//np.] Le- 
viathan. 

jESOP, ch. h. by [Imp.'] Priam, dam Trumpetta by Mons. Tonson. 

.^TNA, b. m. by Volcano, dam Rebecca by Palafox. 

AHIRA, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Tiger, 

AILSEY SCROGGINS, ch. m. by Giles Scroggins, dam by Pirate. 

AJARRAH HARRISON, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam by Gallatin. 

AJAX, gr. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Pacolet. 

A. J. LAWSON, b. h. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam Kitty Fisher by 
Gallatin. 

ALAMODE, ch. h. by [Imp.] Margrave, dam by Timoleon. 

ALARIC, b. h. by Mirabean, dam by [Imp.] Tranby. 

ALATOONA, b. m. by Argyle, dam Viola by Gallatin. 

ALBION, [Imp.] bl. h. by Cain or Actseon, dam by Comus or Black- 
lock. 

ALBORAC, b. h. by Telegraph, dam by Monday. 

ALDERMAN, ch. g. by [Imp.] Langford, dam by Sir Charles. 

ALLEGRA, b. m. by Stockholder, dam by Pacolet. 

ALLEN BROWN, ch. h. by Stockholder, dam by [Imp.] Eagle. 

(60) 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 61 

ALEXANDER CAMPBELL, b. h. by Collier, dam by Kosciusko. 
ALEXANDER CHURCHILL, b. h. by [Imp.] Zinganee, dam by 

Bertrand. 
ALICE, b. m. by Conqueror, dam by Wild Medley. 

b. m. by [Imp.] Sarpedon, dam Rowena by Sumpter. 

ALICE ANN, gr. m. by Director, dam by Gallatin. 
ALMIRA, gr. m. by Eclipse, dam by Stockholder. 
ALTORF, b. h. by [Imp] Fylde, dam by Virginian. 
ALWILDA, gr. m. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by John Richards. 
AMBASSADOR, ch. h. by Plenipotentiary, dam [Imp.] Jenny Mills 

by Whisker. 
AMELIA, br. m. by Bluster, dam by Messenger. 
AMERICA, b. m. by Stockholder, dam by Democrat. 

. b. m. by [Imp.] Trustee, dam Di Vernon by Florizel. 

AMERICAN CITIZEN, b. h. by Marion, dam by Harwood. 

EAGLE, gr. h. by Grey Eagle, dam by Waxy. 

. STAR, ch. h. by Cramp, dam by Pulaski. 

AMY THE ORPHAN, ch. m. by [Imp.] Nonplus, dam by Comet. 
ANDREWANNA, b. m. by Andrew, dam by Gallatin. 
ANDREWETTA, gr. m. by Andrew, dam by Oscar. 
ANDREW HAMET, b. h. by Sidi Hamet, dam by Trumpator. 
ANN BARROW, b. m. by Cock of the Rock, dam by Virginian. 
ANN BELL, ch. m. by Frank, dam Jonquil by Little John. 
ANN BLAKE, b. m. by Lance, dam by Blackburn's Whip. 
ANN CALENDAR, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam Grand Duchess by 

[Imp.] Gracchus. 
ANN GILLESPIE, br. m. by McCarty's Henry Clay, dam Susan by 

Sir William. 
ANN HARROD, ch. m. by Hickory John, dam by King William. 
ANN HAYES, b. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Pacific. 
ANN INNIS, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam (the dam of Mary Morris) by 

Sumpter. 
ANN KING, b. m. by [Imp.] Sorrow, dam Lady of the Lake by 

Henry Tonson. 
ANN STEVENS, ch. m. by [Imp.] Trustee, dam (an imported mare) 

by Muley. 
ANN STEWART, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam Kitty Hunter by Paragon. 
ANNE ROYALE, br. m. by Stockholder, dam Alice Lee by Sir 

Henry Tonson. 
ANTOINETTE, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Multiflora by 

Director. 
ANTIPATOR, ch. h. by Tychicus, dam Club Foot by Napoleon. 
ANVIL, b. h. by [Imp.] Contract, dam by Eclipse. 
ARAB, b. h. by Arab, dam by Sir Archy. 
ARABELLA, b. m. by Collier, dam by Gallatin. 
ARABIAN MARK, b. h. by [Imp.] Fylde, dam by Sir Charles. 
ARGENTILE, b.ni. by Bertrand, dam Allegrante by [Imp.] Truffle. 
ARGYLE, br. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam Thistle by Ogle's Oscar. 
ARILLA, gr. m. by OKelly, dam by Medley. 
ARKALUKA, ch. h. by [Imp] Leviathan, dam Sally McGehee. 



62 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

AROOSTOOK, I), h. by Wheeling Rodolph, dam by Moses. 

ARRALINE, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 

ARRAH NEAL, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Martha Wash- 
ington by Sir Charles. 

ARSENIC, ch m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Mary Farmer by Con-' 
queror. 

ASHLAND, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Lady Jackson by Snmpter. 

ASTOR, b. h. by Ivanhoe, dam Tripit by Mars. 

ATTAKAPAS, ch. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Arab. 

ATTILA LECOMTE, b. m. by [Imp.] Glencoe, dam Extant by 
[Imp.] Leviathan. 

ATLANTIC, b. in. by Blood and Turf, dam Old Fly. 

AUNT PONTYPOOL, ch. m. by Bertrand Junior, dam Gold Finder 
by Virainiiis. 

AUSTER, br. h. by Westwind, dam by [Imp.] Leviathan. 

AUTHENTIC, ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Timoura by Timo- 
leon. 

B. 

BALD HORNET, ch. g. by Bald Hornet, dam by Bertrand. 

BALIE PEYTON, b. h. by Andrew, dam (Master Henry's dam) by 
Eclipse. 

BALTIMORE, b. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Gohanna. 

BAND BOX, gr. m. by O'Kelly, dam Lucy Brooks by Bertrand. 

BANDIT, b. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Virginian. 

BANJO BILL, b. h. by [Jwijo.] Sarpedon, dam by Darnaby's Diomed. 

BAND OF MUSIC, ch. m. by OKelly, dam by Oscar. 

BARBARA ALLEN, ch. m. by Collier, dam Lady Jackson by 
Snmpter. 

BASSINGER, bl. h. by [Itnp.] Fylde, dam by Randolph's Roanoke. 

BAYWOOD, b. h. by Editor, dam by Paeolet. 

BEACON LIGHT, ch. m. by [Imp.] Glencoe, dam Giantess by [Imp.-\ 
Leviathan. 

BEATRICE OF FERRARA, m. by Stockholder, dam by Duroc. 

BEAU-CATCHER, ch. m. by Leopold, dam Cranberry. 

BEE'S-WING, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Black Sophia by 
Topgallant. 

BELFIELD, b. h. by [Imp.] Priam, dam [Lnp.] Bustle by Whale- 
bone. 

BELLISSIMA, b. m. by [Imp.] Belshazzar, dam Wingfoot by Rat- 
tler. 

BELLE OF WINCHESTER, ch. m. by Stockholder, dam by Sir 
Archy. 

. , ch. m. by [Imp.] Shakspeare, dam 

Cado by Sir Archy. 

BELLE TAYLOR, b. m. by Medoc, dam by Snmpter. 

BEN BARKLEY, b. h. by Push Pin, dam Miss Wakefield by Sir 
Hal. 

BEN BUSTER, b. h. by Cherokee, dam by Whip. 

BEN FRANKLIN, ch. h. by Flagellator, dam Medora by Eclipse. 
• ch. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Franklin Beauty. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 63 

BEN FRANKLIN, cli. h. by [Imp ] Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 

BENDIGO, gv. li. by Timoleon, dam by Sir Charles. 

b. h. Ijy Medoc, dam by Sir Archy. 

BENGAL, cli. h. by Gohanna, dam Sportsmistress (or Gultiare) by 
Da roc. 

BERENICE, ch. m. by Slcylavk, dam Kathleen by [Imp.] Leviathan. 

BE'TA, ch. m. by [Itnp.] Leviathan, dam by Kosciusko. 

BETHESDA, b. m. by PaciKc, chim by Sir Henry Tonson. 

BETHUNE, br. h. by Sidi Ilamet, dam Susette by Aratus. 

BETSEY COLEMAN, ch. m. by Goliah, dam Melinda. 

BETSEY COODEY, ch.m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir Charles. 

BETSEY HUNTER, ch. m. by Sir Clinton, dam by Hamiltonian. 

BETSEY LAUDERDALE, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir 
Richard. 

BETSEY MILLER, gr. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Jane Shore 
by Oscar. 

BETSEY RED, ch. m. by Red Rover, dam Betsey West by [Imp.] 
Buzzard. 

BETSEY SHELTON, b. m. by Jackson, dam Harriet Haxall by Sir 
Hal. 

BETSEY WATSON, br. m. by Jefferson, dam by Sir Henry Tonson. 

BETSEY WHITE, ch. m. by Goliah, dam by Sir Charles. 

BIG ALECK, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Tiger. 

BIG ELLEN, b. m. by Medoc, dam by Old Whip. 

BIG JOHN, ch. h. by Bertrand, dam by Hamiltonian. 

BIG NANCY, ch. m. by Jackson, dam by Gallatin. 

BILLY AYNESWORTH, ch. h. by Traveller, dam Helen by Timo- 
leon. 

BILLY BLACK, b. li. by Volcano. 

BILLY BOWIE, b. h. by Drone, dam Agility by Sir James. 

BILLY GAY, b. h. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam Mary Francis by Di- 
rector. 

BILLY TONSON, gr. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam by Cherokee. 

BILLY TOWNES, b. h. by [Imp.] Fylde, dam by Virginian. 

BILLY WALKER, ch.h. by [Imp.] Valparaiso, dam by Sir Richard. 

BILLET, ch. h. by Mingo, dam by Mambrino. 

BILOXE, ch. h. by Dick Chinn, dam Extio by [Imp.] Leviathan. 

BLACK BOY, bl. h. by [Imp.] Chateau Margaux, dam by [Imp.] 
Chance. 

bl. h. by [Imp.] Chateau Margaux, dam Lady Mayo 

by Van Tromp. 

BLACK DICK, bl. h. by [Imp.] Margrave, dam by Pamunky. 

BLACK FOOT, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Blackburn's Whip. 

BLACK HAWK, bl. h. by Industry. 

bl. h. by Mucklejohn. 

BLACK JACK, bl. h. by Tom Fletcher, dam by Baronet. 

BLACK LOCUST, bl. h. by [Imp] Luzborough, dam by Sir Archy. 

BLACK NOSE, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Lucy by Orphan. 

BLACK PRINCE, bl.h. by [/mp.] Fylde, dam Fantail by Sir Archy. 
25 



64 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

BLACK RABBIT, bl.h. by [Imp.] Nonplus, dam (Fair Ellen's dam) 

by Virginius. 
BLACK ROSE, bl. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Arab. 
BLAZING STAR, b. h. by Henry, dam by Eclipse. 
BLOODY NATHAN, gr. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Pacolet. 
BLOOMFIELD RIDLEY, b. h. by Bell-Air, dam Cedar Snags. 
BLOOMSBURY, ch. m. by [Imp.] Fylde, dam by Giles Scroggins. 
BLUE BONNET, gr. m. by [Imp.'] Hedgford, dam Grey Fanny by 

Bertrand. 
BLUE DICK, gr. h. by [Imp.] Margrave, dam by Lance. 
BLUE JIM, ch. h. by Mucklejohn. 
BLUE SKIN, h. by Marmion, dam by Tecumseh. 
BOB BUSH, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Bertrand. 
BOB LETCHER, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Rattler. 
BOB LOGIC, br. h. by [Imp.] Langford, dam by Mambrino. 
BOB RUCKER, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Sir Charles. 
BOIS D'ARC, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Hortensia by Contention. 
BONNY BLACK, bl. m. by [Imp.] Valentine, dam Helen Mar by 

Rattler. 
BORAC, ch. h. by Pacific, dam by Bagdad. 
BOSTON, ch. h. by Timoleon, dam (Robin Brown s dam) by Ball's 

Florizel. 
BOSTON FILLY, m. by Boston, dam by [Imp.] Priam. 
BOWDARK, b. h. by Anvil, dam by Bagdad. 
BOXER, b. h. by Mingo, dam by Eclipse. 
BOYD M'NAIRY, ch. h. by [Mp.] Leviathan, dam Morgiana by 

Pacolet. 
BRACELET, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam [Imp.] Trinket. 
BREAN, ch. h. by Goliah. 

BRILLIANT, b. h. by Sidi Hamet, dam Miss Lancess by Lance. 
BRITANNIA, [Imp.] b. m. by Actaeon, dam by Scandal. 
BROCKLESBY, ch. h. by [Imp.] Luzboroiigh, dam by Roanoke. 
BROKER, b. h. by [hnp.] Rovvton, dam Jane Bertrand by Bertrand. 
BROTHER TO HORNBLOWER, b. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam 

Music by John Richards. 
BROTHER TO PEYTQNA, ch. h. by [Imp.] Glencoe, dam Giantess 

by [/m^.] Leviathan. 
BROTHER TO VICTOR, b. h. by [Imp.] Cetus, dam [Imp.] My 

Lady by Comus. 
BROWN ELK, b. h. by Buck Elk, dam by Whip. 
BROWN GAL, br. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Virginian. 
BROWN KITTY, br. m. by Birmingham, dam by Tiger. 
BROWN LOCK, br. h. by Pacific, dam by Sir Hal. 
BROWN STOUT, br. h. by [Imp.] Sarpedon, dam Feathers by Mons. 

Tonson. 
BROWNLOW, br. h. by [Imp.] Merman, dam (Glenare's dam) by 

[/»!/».] Leviathan. 
BRUCE, ch. h. by [Imp.] Nonplus, dam Lamballe by Kosciusko. 
BUBB, b. m. by Bertrand, dam by Whig. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839, 65 

BUCK-EYE, b. h. by Critic, darn Ann Page by Ogle's Oscar. 
■ b. h. by Lafayette Stockholder, dam Old Squaw by In 

dian. 

i BELLE, oh. m. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 

LAD, ch. h. by Bertraiid, dam by a Son of Spread Ea 



gle. 
BUCK RABBIT, b. h. by [Imp.] Nonplus, dam (Fair Ellen's dam) 

by Virginius. 
BULGER BROWN, b. h. by Lance, dam by Jenkins' Sir William. 
BUNKUM, ch. g. by Hyazim, dam by Gallatin. 
BURLEIGH, b. h. by Sir Archie Montorio, dam Mary Lee by Con 

tention. 
BUSTAMENTE, ch. h. by Whalebone, dam Sarah Dancy by Time 

leon. 
BUZ FUZ, gr. h. by Medley, dam by [Imp.] Luzborough. 

C. 

CADMUS, b. h. by Cadmus. 

CALANTHE, b. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Jackson. 

CALANTHE, ch. m. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 

CAMANCHE, ch. h. by Grey Eagle, dam by Rattier. 

CAMDEN, br. h. by Shark, dam [Imp.] Invalid by Whisker. 

CAMEO, b. m. by [Imp.] Tranby, dam by Buzzard. 

CAMEL, ch. h. by Birmingham, dam by Whip or Sumpter. 

CAMILLA, br. m. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam (Picayune's dam) by Sir 
William of Transport. 

CAPTAIN BURTON, br. h. by Cherokee, dam by Green Oak. 

CAPTAIN M'HEATH, ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Miss Bailey 
by [Imp.] Boaster. 

CAPTAIN THO.MAS HOSKINS, b. h. by [Imp.] Autocrat, dam by 
Tom Tough. 

CAPTAIN (The) b. h. by Sir Archy Montorio, dam OpheHa by Wild 
Medley. 

CAPTAIN WHITE-EYE, bl. h. by Chifney, dam by Sumpter. 

CAROLINE MALONE, (Col. Thomas Watson's), ch. m. by [Imp.] 
Leviathan, dam Proserpine by Oscar. 

(Col. J. C. Guild's), b. m. by [Imp.] Levia- 
than, dam by Sir Richard. 

(Col. Thomas Watson's), b. m. by [Imp.] Le- 



viathan, dam by Jerry. 
CASHIER, ch. h. by Goliah, dam by Sir Charles. 
CASKET, b. m. by [Imp.] Priam, dam by Constitution. 
CASETTA CHIEF, ch. h. by Andrew, dam by Wildair. 
CASSANDRA, b. m. by [Imp.] Priam, dam Flirtilla Jr. by Sir Archy. 
CASTIANIRA, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 
CATALPA, b. m. by Frank, dam by John Richards. 
CATARACT, b. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by John Richards. 
CATHERINE, b. m. by Bertrand, dam Black-eyed Susan by Tiger. 
CATHERINE FENWICK, gr. m. by Mucklejohn, dam' by Saxe- 

Weimar. 



66 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

CATHERINE RECTOR, ch. m. by Pacific, dam ?Jary Tonson. 

CAVALIER SERVANTE, gr. h. by Bertrand, dam by Andrew. 

CEDRIC, b. h. by [Imp.] Priam, dam Countess Plater by Virginian. 

CELERITY, ch."m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Patty Puff by Pacolet. 

CHAMPAGNE, b. h. by Eclipse, dam by Sir Archy. 

CHARLES, b. h. by [Imp.] Rowton, dam Leocadia. 

CHARLES ARCHY, ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam by Eclipse. 

CHARLES MALCOLM, ch. h. by Malcolm, dam by Albert Gallatin. 

CHARLEY ANDERSON, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Mercury. 

CHARLEY FOX, b. h. by Waxy, dam by Buckner's Leviathan. 

CHARLEY NAYLOR, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Tiger. 

CHARLOTTE BARNES, b. m. by Bertrand, dam by Sir Archy. 

CHARLOTTE CLAIBORNE, b. m. by Havoc, dam by Conqueror. 

CHARLOTTE HILL, b. m. by Hephestion, dam by Cook's Whip. 

CHARITY GIBSON, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir Charles. 

CHATEAU, [Imp.] b. m. by Chateau Margaux, dam Cuirass by 
Oiseau. 

CHEMISETTE, b. m. by [Imp.] Glencoe, dam by Arab. 

CHEROKEE MAID, gr. m. by Marmion, dam by Tecumseh. 

CHESAPEAKE, b. or br. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Thaddeus. 

CHICOMAH, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam White Feather by 
Conqueror. 

CHICOPA, ch. m. by Tuscahoma, dam Fortuna by Pacolet. 

CHIEFTAIN, b. h. by Godolphin, dam Young Lottery by Sir Archy. 

CHOTAUK, br. h. by Pamunky, dam by Arab. 

CHURCHILL, b. h. by [Imp.] Zinganee, dam by Buzzard. 

CINDERELLA, b. m. by Pacific, dam Mary Vaughan by Pacolet. 

CLARA BOARDMAN, b. m. by [Imp.] Consol, dam Sally Bell by 
S'r Archy. 

CLARION, ch. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by Ogle's Oscar. 

CLARISSA, ch. m. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam (Clarion's dam) by 
Ogle's Oscar. 

CLEAR THE TRACK, ch. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Stock- 
holder. 

CLEOPATRA, b. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Pacolet. 

CLEVELAND, gr. h. by [Imp.] Emancipation, dam by [Imp.] Levia- 
than. 

COAL BLACK ROSE, bl. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Arab. 

COLUMBUS, Junior, b. h. by Columbus, dam by Bertrand. 

COMPROMISE, b. m. by Nullifier, dam by Anti-Tariff. 

CONCHITA, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Miss Bailey by [Imp.] 
Boaster. 

CONSOL, Junior, br. h. by [Imp.'] Consol, dam [Imp.] The Nun's 
Daughter by Filho da Puta. 

CORA, [Imp.] ch. m. by Muley Moloch, dam by Champion. 

CORA MUNRO, ch. ra. by Hugh L. White, dam by Crusher. 

CORDELIA, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir Archy. 

CORK, b. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Caledonia by Jerry. 

CORNELIA, b. m. by Skylark, dam by Arab. 

CORONATION, ch. h. by Laplander, dam by Oscar. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 67 

COTTON PLANT, gr. m. by Bertrand, dam by Pacolet. 

COWBOY, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Virginian. 

CRACKAWAY, ch. h. by Marmaduke. 

CRACOVIENNE, gr. ni. by [imp.] Glencoe, dam [Imp.] Gallopade 
by Catton. 

CRE.^TH, b. h. by [Imp.] Tranby, dam by Sir Archy Montorio. 

CRICHTON, ch. h. by Berlraiid, dam by Phenomenon. 

CRIPPLE, gr. m. by [Imp.] Philip, dam (Gamma's dam) by Sir Ri- 
chard. 

CROCKETT, b. h. by Crockett, dam by Sir Archy. 

CROTON, gr. h. by Chorister, dam by Mucklejohn. 

CRUCIFIX, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Virginia by Sir Archy. 

CUB, ch. m. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 

CUMBERLAND, b. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir William. 

CURCULIA, ch. ni. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 

CZARINA, gr. m. by [Imp.] Autocrat, dam Aurora by Arab. 

D. 

DANDRIDGE, b. h. by Garrison's Zinganee, dam by Walnut or La- 
fayette. 

DAN MARBLE, ch. h. by Woodpecker, dam (a sister to West Flo- 
rida's dam) by Potomac. 

DAN M'INTYRE, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 

DAN TUCKER, ch. h. by [Imp.] Belshazzar, dam by Pulaski. 

DANIEL BUCK, ch. h. by Collier, dam by Pacolet. 

DARIUS, b. h. by Orphan Boy, darn by Cumberland. 

DARKNESS, bl. m. by Wagner, dam (Sally Shannon's dam) by Sir 
Richard. 

DARNLEY, ch. h. by John Richards, dam Lady Gray by Sir Richard. 

D.\RT, b. h. by [Imp.] Doncaster, dam Jane Gray by Orphan Boy. 

DAVE PATTON, ch. h. by Sumpter, dam by Hamiltonian. 

DAVID FYLDE, b. h. by [Imp.] Fylde, dam by Clay's Sir William. 

Day DREAM, br. m. by [I/np] Luzborough, dam by Sir Archy. 

D.'\YTON, ch. h. by Tormentor, dam by 'I'uckahoe. 

DECATUR, ch. h. by Henry, dam Ostrich by Eclipse. 

DECEPTION, b. h. by Stockholder, dam by [Imp.] Leviathan. 

DE LATTRE, br. h. by [Imp.] Consol, dam [Imp.] Design by Tramp. 

DELAWARE, b. h. by Mingo, dam by John Richards. 

DELPHINE, ch. m. by Sumpter. 

DE.MOCR.\T, ch. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Eagle. 

DENMARK, br. h. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam Betsey Harrison by 
Aratus. 

DENIZEN, [Imp.] h. h. by Action, dam Design by Tramp. 

DEVIL JACK, ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Lady Burton by 
Timolpon. 

DL\NA CROW, bl. m. by Mark Antony, dam by Botts' Lafayette. 

DIANA SYNTAX, br. m. by Doctor Syntax, dam [Imp.] Diana by 
Catton. 

DICK COLLIER, ch. h. by Collier, dam by Whip. 

DICK MENIFEE, br. h. bv Lance, dam by Sir William of Transport. 
25* *2 



68 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

DOCTOR DUDLEY, b. h. by Bertrand, dam by Robin Gray. 

DOCTOR DUNCAN, ch. h. by Cadmus, dam bv Old Court. 

DOCTOR FRANKLIN, ch. h. by Frank, dam Althea by Big Archy. 

DOCTOR WILSON, ch. h. by John Bascombe, dam Bolivia by Bo- 
livar. 

DOLLY DIXON, b. m. by [Imp.] Tranby, dam Sally House by Vir- 
ginian. 

DOLLY MILAM, b. m. by {Imp.'] Sarpedon, dam by Eclipse. 

DONCASTER, [Imp.l bl. h. by Longwaist, dam by Muley. 

DONNA VIOLA, b. m. by [//wjd.] Luzborough, dam (Jack Downing's 
dam) by Mons. Tonson. 

DUANNA, gr. m. by [/m/>.] Sarpedon, dam Goodloe Washington by 
Washington. 

DUBLIN, gr. h. by \_lmp.'\ Leviathan, dam by Jerry. 

DUCKIE, b. m. by [Jnip.'j Sarpedon, dam Mary Jones by Kosciusko. 

DUKE SUMNER, gr. h. by Pacific, dam by Grey Archy. 

DUNGANNON, b. h. by Mingo, dam by John Stanley. 

DUNVEGAN, b. h. by [Imp.] Trustee, dam Jemima by Rattler. 

E. 

EARL OF MARGRAVE, b. h. by [Imp.] Sarpedon, dam Duchess 
of Marlborough by Sir Archy. 

ECLIPTIC, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam (Roddph's dam) by Moses. 

EDISTA, b. h. by [Imp.] Rowton, dam Empress. 

EDWARD EAGLE, ch. h. by Grey Eagle, dam by Director. 

EFFIE, b. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 

EL BOLERO, br. h. by Stockholder, dam by [Imp.] Leviathan. 

EL FURIOSO, b. h. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam Rattlesnake by Ber- 
trand. 

ELIAS RECTOR, b. h. by [Lnp.] Luzborough, dam Kate Blair. 

ELI ODOM, br. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Chuckfahila by Ber- 
trand. 

ELIZA CULVERT (or Calvert), ch. m. by Cymon, dam Lady Sum- 
ner by Shawnee. 

ELIZA HUGHES, b. m. by Marmion, dam by Whip. 

ELIZA JANE, b. m. by [Imp.] Monarch, dam Big Jinny by Rattler. 

ELIZA ROSS, b. m. by Marmion, dam by Tiger or Whip (or Tiger 
Whip). 

ELIZABETH GREATHOUSE, b. m. by Masaniello, dam by Waxy. 

ELIZABETH JONES, m. by Pacific, dam by Mons. Tonson. 

ELLA, cli. m. by Young Virginian, dam by Harwood. 

ELLEN HUTCHINSON, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Ber- 
trand. 

ELLEN CARNELL, cli. m. by [Imp] Belshazzar, dam by [Imp.] 
Leviathan. 

ELLEN JORDAN, b. m. by (Imp.) Jordan, dam Ellen Tree by 
Henry. 

ELLEN PERCY, ch. m. by Godolphin, dam by (Imp.) Bedford. 

■ — ch. m. by Godolphin, dam by Financier. 

ELLEN WALKER, b. m. by (Imp.) Consol, dam (Imp.) Plenty by 
Emilius. 

ELLISIF, b. m. by Platoff, dam by Mucklejohn. 



WINNING HOUSES SINCE 1839. 69 

ELLIPTIC, cli. li. by Monmouth Eclipse, (lain Amaiida by Revenge. 

P2L0ISE, ch. ni. by (/'"/>■) Luzborougl), dam Mary Wasp by Don 
Qnixotte. 

ELVIRA, ch. )n. by Red Gauntlet, dam by Rob Roy. 

EMERALD, b. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam (Imp.) Eliza by Ru- 
bens. 

EMIGRANT, gr. h. by Cadet, dam by (Imp.) Contract. 

EMILY, ch. m. by Medoc, dam Spider by Almanzar. 

br. m. by (Imp.) Priam, dam by Tom Tough. 

^^— ^ (Imp.) h. m. by Emilius, dam Elizabeth by Rainbow^. 

EMILY SPEED, ch. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Pacolet. 

EMMET, b. h. by Bertrand, dam by Gallatin. 

ESMERALDA, b. m. by Pressure, dam by Murat. 

ESPER SYKES, (Imp.) br. h. by Belshazzar, dam Capsicum by 
Emilius. 

ESTA, gr. m. by Bolivar, dam by (Imp.) Barefoot. 

ESTHER WAKE, gr. m. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Stock- 
holder. 

ETHIOPIA, bl. m. by Dashall, dam by (Imp.) Expedition. 

EUDORA, br. m. by Jefferson, dam by Oscar. 

EUCLID, br. h. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Sir Archy. 

EUTAW, b. h. by (Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam by Sir Charles. 

EVERGREEN, ch. m. by Wild Bill, dam by Sir Charles. 

EXTIO, b. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam (Imp.) Refugee by Wan- 
derer. 

F. 

FANCY, br. m. by (Imp.) Fylde, dam by Sir Archy. 

FANDANGO, gr. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam (Imp.) Gallopade 
by Catton. 

FANNY, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam Maria West by Marion. 

• (J. Guildersleeve's), bl. m. by Sidi Hamet, dam by Sump- 

ter. 

(Joseph Alston's), b. m. by Woodpecker, dam Fan by 

Trumpator. 

FANNY BAILEY, ch. m. by Andrew, dam by Bertrand. 

FANNY FORESTER, b. m. by (Imp.) Emancipation, dam by In- 
dustry. 

FANNY GREEN, b. m. by (Imp.) Trustee, dam Betsey Archy by 
Sir Archy. 

FANNY KING, b. m. by (Imp.) Glencoe, dam Mary Smith by Sir 
Richard. 

FANNY LIGHTFOOT, b. m. by Stockholder, dam by Sumpter. 

FANNY ROBERTSON, b. m. by (Imp.) Priam, dam Arietta by Vir- 
ginian. 

FANNY STRONG, ch. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam Sally Bell by 
Sir Archy. 

FANNY WYATT, ch. m. by Sir Charles, dam by Sir Hal. 

FANTAIL, ch. m. by Waxy, dam by Sumpter. 

FAIRLY FAIR, ch. m. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Peter Teazle. 

FAITH, b. m. by (Imp.) Tranby, dam Lady Painter by Lance. 

FASHION, ch. m. by (Imp.) Trustee, dam Bonnets 0' Blue by Sir 
Charles, 



70 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

FEATHERS, ch. in. by (I"ip.) Leviathan, dam (George Kendall's 

dam) by 8tocl;holder. 
FESTIVITY, b. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam Magnolia by Mons. 

Tonson. 
FIAT, b. m. by (Imp.) Hedgford, dam Lady Tompkins by Eclipse. 
FIFER, b. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Music by John Richards. 
FILE-LEADER, ch. h. by (Imp.) Barefoot, dam Saluda by Timo- 

leon. 
FINANCE, b. m. by Davy Crocket, dam by Sir Henry Tonson. 
FLASH, b. ni. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Conqueror. 
FLAXINELLA, gr. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Virginian. 
FLEETFOOT, gr. m. by (/»i;>.) Barefoot, dam Dove by Duroc. 
FLETA (James L. French's) br. m. by (Imp.) Sarpedon, dam by 

Rasselas. 

(G. B. Williams's), ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Clay's 

Sir William. 

FLIGHT, ch. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Sir Charles. 
FLORA HUNTER, gr. m. by Sir Charles, dam by Duroc. 
FORDHAM, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Janette by Sir Archy. 
FORTUNATUS, ch. h. by Carolinian, dam by Sir Charles. 
FORTUNE, b. m. by (Imp.) Tranby, dam by Maryland Eclipse. 
FRANCES AMANDA, ch. m. by Pennoyer, dam Sally McGrath. 
FRANCES TYRREL, b. m. by Bertrand, dam by Rockingham. 
FRED KAYE, b. h. by Grey Eagle, dam by Moses. 
FRESHET, ch. m. by Tom Fletcher, dam Caroline (or Catherine) 

by Pacific. 
FREE JACK, br. h. by (Imj}.) Luzborough, dam (Imp.) Tinsel by 

Napoleon. 
FROSTY, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Martha Holloway by Rattler. 
FURY, bl. m. by Terror, dam by Smith's Bedford. 

(Col. Wade Hampton's), ch. m. by (Imp) Priam, dam (Imp.) 

sister to Ainderby by Velocipede. 

G. 

GABRIEL, ch. h. by Napoleon, dam Harpalyce by Collier. 
GALANTHA, b. m. by (Imp.) Leviatlian, dam by Jackson. 
GAMMA, gr. m. by Pacific, dam (Melzare's dam) by Sir Richard. 
GANO, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Betsey Richards by Sir Archy. 
GARRICK, gr. h. by (Imp.) Shakspeare, dam by Eaton's Columbus. 
GARTER, b. m. by (Imp) Glencoe, dam by Trumpatar. 
GAS-LIGHT, br. h. by (Imp.) Merman, dam by Mercury. 
GAZAN, b. h. by Sir Leslie, dam Directress by Director. 
GENERAL DEBUYS, ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam (Imp.) 

Nanny Kilham by Voltaire. 
GENERAL RESULT, b. h. by (Imp.) Consol, dam by Timoleon. 
GENEVA, ch. m. by Medoe, dam by Arab. 
GEORGE BURBRIDGE, b. h. by (Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam by 

Mons. Tonson. 
GEORGE ELLIOTT, br. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Lawrence. 
GEORGE LIGHTFOOT, b. h. by Eclipse Lightfoot, dam Mary 

Logan by Arab. 



WINNING HOUSES SINCE 1839. 71 

GEORGE MARTIN, b. li. by Gunison's Zinganee, clam Gabriella 
by Sir Archy. 

GEORGE W. KENDALL, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Jemiy Devers by- 
Stockholder. 

GEROW, ch. h. by Henry, dam Vixen by Eclipse. 

GERTRUDE, b. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Parasol by Napoleon. 

GIFT, cU. ra. by Dick Chinn, dam Milch Cow. 

GIPSEY, b. m. by Nullifier, dam by Anti-Tariff. 

GLENARA, b. h. by (Imp.) Rowton, dam Nell Gwynne by Tramp. 

(Davis &. Ragland's,) ch. m. by (Imp.) Glencoe, dam 

Kitty Clover by Sir Charles. 

(Dr. Thos. Paynes,) b. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam 



Jane Shore by Sir Archy. 
GLIDER, ch. h. by (Imp.) Valparaiso, dam by Clifton. 
GLIMPSE, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Tiger. 
GLORVINA, ch. m. by Industry, dam by Bay Richmond. 
GLOVER ANN, gr. m. by (hnp.) Autocrat, dam by Bolivar. 
GOLD EAGLE, ch. h. by Grey Eagle, dam Eliza Jenkins by Sir 

William. 
GOLD FRINGE, ch. h. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam {Imp.) Gold Wire. 
GONE AWAY, b. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Virginian. 
GOSPORT, br. h. by {Imp.) Margrave, dam Miss Valentine by {Imp.) 

Valentine. 
GOVERNOR BARBOUR, b. h. by {Imp.) Truffle, dam by Holmes' 

Vampire. 
GOVERNOR BUTLER, ch. h. by Argyle, dam Mary Frances by 

Director. 
GOVERNOR CLARK, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Old Court. 
GOVERNOR POINDEXTER, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Eliza 

Clay (the dam of Giantess,) by Mons. Tonson. 
GRACE DARLING, ch. m. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam Celeste by 

Henry. 
GRAMPUS, b. h. by {Imp.) Whale, dam by Timoleon. 

br. h. by Shark, dam by Mons. Tonson. 

GRATTAN, b. h. by {Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam Flora by Mary- 
land Eclipse. 
GREY ELLA, (A. G. Reed,) gr. m. by Big Archy, dam by Bertrand. 

(A. G. Reed,) gr. m. by Collier, dam by Gallatin. 

GREY FRANK, gr. h. by Frank, dam by Buzzard. 
GREY-HEAD, (J. L. Bradley's,) b. h. by Chorister, dam by Sumpter. 
(J L. Bradley's,) b. h. by Chorister, dam by Muckle- 

john. 
GREY MARY, gr. m. by Ben. Sutton, dam by Hamiltonian. 
GREY MEDOC, gr. h. by Medoc, dam Grey Fanny by Bertrand. 
GREY MOMUS, gr. h. by Hard Luck, dam by Mons. Tonson. 
GUINEA-COCK, br. h. by Merlin, dam by Grey-tail Florizel. 
GULNARE, b. m. by {Imp.) Sarpedon, dam by Sir William of 

Transport. 
GUSTAVUS, b. h. by Sussex, dam by Thornton's Rattler. 
GUY OF WARWICK, ch. h. by Frank, dam by Hamiltonian. 

42* 



72 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

H. 

HANNAH HARRIS, b. m. by Beitrand, dam Grey Goose by Pacolel, 

HANNIBAL, b. h. by O'Kelly, dam Roxana by Sir Charles. 

HA'-PENNY, b. m. by Birmingham, dam Picayime by Medoc. 

HARDENED SINNER, b. h. by (Imp.) Philip, dam by (Imp.) 
Bluster. 

HARD CIDER, b. h. by (Imp.) Tranby, dam by Sir Charles. 

HARK-AWAY, ch. h. by Emilius, dam (Imp-) Trapes. 

HARPALYCE, ch. m. by Collier, dam by Sea-Serpent. 

HARRIET, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam by Shylock. 

HARRY BLUFF, bl. h. by (Imp.) Autocrat, dam by Pakenham. 

HARRY CARGILL, ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam (Imp.) Flo- 
rentine by Whisker. 

HARRY HILL, b. li. by (Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam (Imp.) Anna 
Maria by Truffle. 

HARRY WHITEMAN, ch. h. by Orphan Boy, dam by Sir Archy. 

HAWK.EYE, ch. h. by Sir Lovell, dam Eliza Jenkins by Sir Wil- 
liam. 

HEAD 'EM, b. h. by (Imp.) Trustee, dam Itasca by Eclipse. 

HEALER, ch. m. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by Sir Archy of 
Transport. 

HEBE, ch. m. by Collier, dam by Bertrand. 

HECTOR BELL, gr. h. by Drone, dam Mary Randolph by Gohanna, 

HEIRESS, (THE) ch. m. by (Imp.) Trustee, dam by Henry. 

HELEN, (Imp.) b. ra. by (Imp.) Priam, dam M-dlibran by Rubens, 

HENRY A. WISE, br. h. by Dashall, dam by Hickory. 

HENRY CLAY, br. h. by Cock of the Rock, dam by Virginian. 

HENRY CROWELL,b. h. by Bertrand Junior, dam sister to Muckle- 
John Junior. 

HERALD, ch. li. by Plenipotentiary, dam (Imp.) Delphine by 
Whisker. 

HERMIONE, ch. m. by (Imp.) Non Plus, dam Leocadia by Virginian, 

HERO, ch. h. by Bertrand .Tunior, dam (Imp.) Mania by Figaro. 

HIT-OR-MfSS, b. m. by (Imp.) Somonococlrom, dam (Imp.) Baya- 
dere. [These horses are owned in Canada.] 

HOOSIER-GIRL, ch. m. by (Imp.) Langford. 

HOPE, ch. h. by the Ace of Diamonds, dam (The Captain's dam,) 
by Oscar. 

HORNBLOWER, br. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Music by John 
Richards. 

HOURI, (Imp.) ch. m. by Langar, dam Annot Lyle by Ashton. 

HUGUENOT, ch. h. by Convention, dam (Imp.) Marigold. 

HUMMING-BIRD, br. m. by Industry, dam Virginia by Thornton's 
Rattler. 

HUNTSMAN, gr. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Pacolet. 

HYDE PARK, ch. h. by (Imp.) Barefoot, dam Saluda by Timoleon. 

I. 

lAGO, bl. li. by Othello, dam (Sartin's dam,) by Timoleon. 
ICELAND, ch. h. by Medoc, darn Lady Jackson by Sumpter. 
ILLINOIS, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Bertrand. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 73 

IOWA, ch. b. by {Imp.) Barefoot, dam {Imp.) Woodbine. 

IRENE, ro. m. by Printer, dam McKinney's Roan. 

ISEE TURNER, ch. m. by {Imp.) LeviatJian, dam by Stockholder. 

ISIDORA, b. in. by {Imp) Blacklock. 

ISOLA, ch. ni. by Bertrund, dam Susette. 

J. 

JACK DOWNING, b. h. by Pacific, dam by Mons. Tonson. 

JACK PENDLETON, ch. h. by Goliah, dam (Philip's dam,) by Tra- 

falgar. 
JACK WALKER, ch. h. by Cyrnon, dam by {Imp.) Luzborough. 
James ALLEN, ch. h. by (imp.) Leviathan, dam Donna Maria by 

Sir H.l. 
JAMES CROWELL, br. h. by Bertrand, dam by Sir Charles. 
JAMES JACKSON, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Parasol by 

Tiger. 
JAMES F. ROBINSON, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Potomac. 
JAMES K. POLK, b. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Oleana by Tele- 

graph. 

• b. h. by Telegraph, dam by Buzzard, 

ch. h. by Buck-eye, dam by Medoc. 

JANE ADAMS, b. m. by {Iinp.) Tranby. 

JANE FRANCIS, b. m. by Granby, dam by Tecumseh. 

JANE MITCHELL, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Conqueror. 

JANE ROGERS, ch. m. by {Imp.) Lcvi^ithan, dam by Sir Charles. 

JANE SMITH, b. m. by John Dawson, d,im by Pucolet. 

JANE SPLANE, gr. m. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam Helen McGregor 

by .Mercury. 
JEANETTE BERKELEY, ch. m. by Bertrand jr., dam Carolina by 

Young Buzz ird. 
JEANNE TTON, ch. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 
JENNY-ARE-YOU-THERE, ro. m. by Sir Archy Montorio, dam by 

Potomac. 
JENNY RICHMOND, ch. m. by Medoc, dam by Hamiltonian. 
JENNY ROBERTSON, b. m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, diim by Marcus. 
JEROME, b. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Sir Charles. 
JERRY, gr. h. by Jerry, dam by Blackburn's Sir Willi^im. 
JERRY Lancaster, ch.g. by Mark Moore, dam Maid of Warsaw 

by Golianna. 
JIM BELL, b. h. by Frank, dam Jonquil by Little John. 
JIM ROCK, ch. h. by Young Eclipse, dam by Potomac. 
JOB, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Jemima by Rattler. 
JOE, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Sir Archy Montorio. 
JOE ALLEN, fh. h. by Goliah, dam by Sir Cliarles. 
JOE CHALMERS, ch. h. by {Imp.) Consol, dam {Lnp.) Rachel by 

Partisan (or Whalebone). 
JOE DAVIS, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Virginia Washington by Saxe 

Weimar. 
JOE GATES, ch. h. by Marlborough, dam by Eclipse. 
JOE MURRAY, br. h. by Waxy, dam by Hamiltonian. 
JOE STURGES, ch. h. by Jolin Bascombe, dam by Thomas's Sir 

Andrew. 
JOE WINFIELD, b. h. by John Dawson, dam Sally Dillard. 



74 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

JOHN ANDERSON, b. li. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Bagdad. 
ch. h. by Cadmus, dam (Kate Anderson's dam,) 

by {Imp.) Eagle. 
JOHN ARCHY, ch. h. by John Richards, dam by Old Whip. 
JOHN BELT., b. h. by Shark, dam Kate Kearney. 
.TOHN BENTON, gr. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan. 
JOHN BLEVINS, ch. h. by The Colonel, dam {Imp.) Trinket. 
JOHN B. JONES, b. h. by Bertrand, dam by Director. 
JOHN BLUNT, b. h. by Marion, dam (Mary Blunt's dam,) by Alfred, 
JOHN CAUSIN, b. h. by {Imp.) Zinganec, dam Attaway by Sir 

James. 
JOHN C. STEVENS, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 
JOHN DUNKIN, b. h. by Muoklejohn, dam Coquette. 
JOHN FRANCIS, ch. h. by Francis Marion, dam Mary Doubleday by 

Sir Henry. 
JOHN HAMPDEN, ch. h. by Goliah, dam by Director. 
JOHN HUNTER, b. h. by Shark, dam Coquette by Sir Archy. 
/OHN KIRKMAN, ch. h. by Birmingham, dam by Sir Henry Tonson. 
JOHN LEMON, ch. h. by Uncas, dam by Oscar. 
JOHN M ALONE, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Proserpine by 

Tennessee Oscar. 
JOHN MARSHALL, b. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Lady Bass 

by Conqueror. 
JOHN R. GRYMES, gr. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Alice Grey by 

Pacolet. 
• (Col. A. L. Bingaman's,) gr. ii. by {Imp.) Levia- 

than, dam Fanny Jarman by Mercury. 
JOHN ROSS, hi. h. by Waxy, dam by Topgallant. 

ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Oscar. 

JOHN VALIANT, bl. h. by Valiant, dam by King's Archer. 
JOHN YOUNG, b. h. by John Richards, dam by Trumpator. 
JOHNSON, br. h. by Star, dam Vanity by Grigsby's Potomac. 
JOSHUA BELL, ch. h. by Frank, dam Jonquil by Little John. 
JOYCE ALLEN, b. m. by {Imp.) Emancipation, dam Leannah by 

Seagull. 
JULIA, b. m. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam by Roscius. 
JULIA BURTON, ch. m. by Gohanna, dam by Tom Tough. 
JULIA DAVIE, ch. m. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam by Kosciusko. 
JULIA FISHER, ro. ni. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Polly Bellew by 

Timoleon. 
JULIUS, ch. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Jackson. 
JUMPER, ch. 1). by Timoleon, dam Diana Vernon by Herod. 

K. 

KANAWA, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Rattler. 

KATE, b. f. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Shepherdess b}' Apollo. 

KATE ANDERSON, b. m. by Columbus, dam Eaglet by {Imp.) 

Eagle. 
KATE AUBREY, gr. m. by Eclipse, dam Grey Fanny by Bertrand. 
KATE CONVERSE, b. m. by {Imp.) Non Plus, dam" Daisy by 

Kosciusko. 
KATE COY, b. m. by Critic, dam Nancy Bone by Sussex. 
KATE HAUN, br, ra. by Stockholder, dam by Timoleon. 



WINNING HORSKS SINCE 1839. 75 

KATE LUCKETT, b. m. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Shepherdess by 

Apollo. 
KATE JNflCKLEBY, br. m. by (Imp.) Trustee, dam by Teniers. 
b. in. by {Imp.) Glcncoe, darn by {I'fip.) Luvia- 

than. 
KATE SEYTON, br. m. by Argyle, dam Pocahontas by Sir Archy. 
KATE SHELBY, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Maria Shelby by 

Stockliolder. 
KAVANAGU, b. or ch. h. by Bertrand, dam by Director. 
KEVVANNA, b. m. by {Imp.) Cetus, dam {Imp.) My Lady by Comus. 
KITTY HARRIS, gr. m. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Ninon de rEnclos by 

Rattler. 
KITTY THOMPSON, gr. m. by {Imp.) Margrave, dam Ninon de 

I'EncIos by Rattler. 

L. 
LA BACCHANTE, ch. m. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam by Bertrand. 
LA BELLA COMBS, ch. m. by Andrew, dam by Director. 
LADY CAN TON, gr, m. by {Imp.) Tranby, dam Mary Randolph by 

Gohanna. 
LADY CAVA, ch. m. by Bertrand, dam Betsey Echols by Archy 

Montorio. 
LADY FRANCIS, b. m. by Trumpator, dam (Pressure's grandam.) 
LADY FRANKLIN, b. m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Sting by Con- 

queror. 
LADY HARRISON, b. m. by Sir Henry, dam by Mucklejohn. 
LADY JACKSON, -. m. by Sumpter. 
LADY JANE, gr. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Lady Grey by Orphan 

Boy. 
LADY PLAQUEMINE, ch. m. by Little Red, dam by {Imp.) Eagle. 
LADY PLYMOUTH, b. m. by Flagellator, dam Black Sophia by 

Eclipse. 
LADY SKIPETH, m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Truxton. 
LADY SLIPPER, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan. 
LADY STOCK, ch. m. by Stockholder, dam by Potomac. 
LADY SUSAN, b. m. by Cramp, dam by Pantaloon. 
LAFITTE, gr. h. by O'Kelly, dam Caroline Wilson by Timoleon, 
LANDSCAPE, b. h. by {Imp.) Margrave, dam by Sir Archy. 
LANGHAM, ch. h. by Mednc, dam by Cumberland. 
LANEVILLE, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Arab. 
LASSO, b. m. by Mucklejohn, dam by Gallatin. 
LAURA, b. m. by Medoc, dam by Moses. 
LAURA LECOMTE, b. m. by Tarquin, dam Sarah by {Imp.) Sar- 

pedon. 
LAURE TTE, ch. m. by Jerseyman, dam Maria Harrison. 
LAVINIA PIPER, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Murphy's 

Pacolet. 
LAVOLTA, b. m. by Medoc, diun by Blackburne's Buzzard. 
LAWYER McCAMPBELL, b. h. by Lord Byron, dam Warping 

Bars by Rattle the Cash. 
LEDA, ch. m. by Tiger, dam by Sumpter. 
LEESBURG, ch. h. by Red Rover, dam by Tuckahoe. 
LEG-BAIL, ch. h. by Jackson, dam by Marshal Ney. 
LEG-TREASURER, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Cumberland. 
26 



"iQ WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

LEHIGH, ch. h. by (Imp.) Skylark, dam Nelly Webb by Industry, 

LENNOX, b. h. by (Imp.) Trustee, diim (Iiiip.) Rosalind by Pawlowitz. 

LESLIE, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviatlian, dam by Stockholder. 

LETTY FLOYD, ch. in. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam Palmetto by Rob Roy. 

LEVI, -. h. by Star, dam by Walnut. 

LEVITHA, ch. m. by {Itnp.) Leviathan. 

LEXPIHILI, ch. m. by Hugh L. White, dam by Pacolet. 

LIATUNAH, ch. m. by {Imp.) Ainderby, dam {hnp.) Jenny Mills by 

Whisker. 
LIBERALITY, ch. h. by Maryland Eclipse, dam by Sir Alfred. 
LIBERTAS, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Director. 
LIEUTENANT BASSINGER, br. h. by {Imp.) Fylde, dam by 

Roanoke. 
LIKENESS, {Imp.) ch. m. by Sir Peter Lely, dam Worthless by 

Walnut. 
LILY, gr. m. by Tychicus, dam Laura by Rob Roy. 
LIMBER JOHN, ch. h. by Kosciusko, dam by Moses. 
LINWOOD, ch. h. by Wild Bill, dam by Pacolet. 
LITTLE BARTON, b. h. by Bcrtrand, dam by Hamiltonian. 
LITTLE BLUE, gr. h. by Marmion, dam by Tecumseh. 
LITTLE MISERY, b. m. by Anvil, dam {Imp.) Anna Maria by 

Truffle. 
LITTLE PRINCE, gr. h. by John Bascombe, dam Bolivia by Bolivar. 
LITTLE RED, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Sumptcr. 
LITTLE TRICK, b. h. by {Imp.) Tranby, dam (Occident's dam,) by 

Florizel. 
LIVE OAK, b. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Pacific. 
LIVINGSTON, gr. h. by Medley, dam by Van Tromp. 

b. h. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam by Henry. 

LIZ LONG, br. m. by {Imp.) Merman, dam by Alpheus. 

LIZ TILLETT, ch. m. by Frank, dam by Medoc. 

LIZZY HEWITT, b. m. by Ivanhoe, dam Princess Ann by Mens 

Tonson. 
LOG-CABIN, ch. h. by Frank, dam by Hamiltonian. 
LONG TOM, ch. h. by Pacific, dam by Jerry. 
LORD OF LORN, br. h. by Argyle, dam Maria by Virginian. 

br. h. by Argyle, dam Duck Filly by Virginius. 

LORD OF THE ISLES, gr. h. by Pacific, dam by Jerry. 

LORENZO, b. h. by Bcrtrand, dam by Whip. 

LORINDA, ch. m. by Havoc, dam by Conqueror. 

LOUISA JORDAN, ch. m. by {Imp.) Jordan, dam Betsey Marshal 

by John Richards. 
LOUISA WINSTON, b. m. by Waxy. 
LUCRETIA NOLAND, br. m. by {Imp.) Hedgford, dam Frances 

Ann by Frank. 
LUCY A. MEYER, b. m. by Pacific, dam by Sir Richard. 
LUCY BENTON, br. m. by Hugh L. White, dam by Moloch. 
LUCY DASHWOOD, gr. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Miss Bailey 

by {Imp.) Boaster. 
LUCY FULLER, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam by Pakenham. 
LUCY LONG, m. by John Richards, dam by Diomed. 

b. m. by Latitude, dam by Whip. 

LUCY WEBB, ch, m. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 77 

LUDA, b. m. by Medoc, dam Ducliess of Marlborough by Sir Archy. 
LUNA DOE, ch. rn. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam Telie Doe by Pacific. 
LYNDHURST, eh. li. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Wonder. 
LYNEDOCH, cii. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Wonder. 

M. 

MABEL WYNNE, b. m. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam by Sir Archy. 

MADAME ARRALINE, cli. m. by Medoc, dam by Cadmus. 

MAFFIT, b. h. by Frank, dam by Aratus. 

MAGNATE, cli. h. by Eclipse, dam Cherry Elliott by Sumpter. 

MAID OF ATHENS, b. m. by (Imp.) Priam, dam by Arab. 

MAID OF NORTHAMPTON, gr. m. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam by 

Rattler. 
MAJOR BOOTS, br. h. by {Imp.) Merlin, dam by Alborak. 
MANALOPAN, gr. h. by Medley, dam by John Richards. 
MANGO, {Imp.) ch. m. by Taurus, dam Pickle by Emilius. 
MARCHIONESS, cii. in. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam (Fancy's dam) by 

Sir Archy.. 
MARCO, b. h. by Sir Leslie, dam by Lance. 
MARGARET CARTER, b. m. by Medoc, dam Lady Whip by Sir 

Archy. 
MARGARET BLUNT, b, m. by Eclipse, dam by Contention. 
MARGARET WOOD, b. m. by {hnp.) Priam, dam Maria West by 

Marion. 
MARIA, ch. m. by {Imp.) Jordan, dam Polly Powell by Virginian. 
MARIA BLACK, {Imp.) br. m. by Filho da Puta, dam by Smolensko. 
MARIA BROWN, br. m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Brunette by Sir 

Hal. 
MARIA COLLIER, br. m. by Collier, dam by Gallatin. 
MARIA MILLER, br. m. by Stockholder, dam by Madison. 
MARIA PEYTON, ch. m. by Balie Peyton, dam by Tariff. 
Maria SHELTON, eh. m. by Andrew, dam (Ajarrah Harrison's 

dam) by Gallatin. 
MARIA SPEED, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Pacific. 
MARIA WILLIAMS, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Napoleon. 
MARINER, bl. h. by Shark, dam Bonnet's o' Blue by Sir Charles. 
MARION, b. m. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam by Rob Roy. 
MARTHA BICKER TON, b. m. by Pamunky, dam by Tariff. 
MARTHA CARTER, ch. m. by Bertrand, dam Sally Naylor by Gal- 

latin. 

ch. m. by Bertrand, dam by Oscar. 

MARTHA CALVIN, h. m. by Airrippa, dam by Walnut. 
MARTHA M ALONE, b. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Tatchecana 

by Bertrand. 
MARTHA RANEY, b. m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Sumpter. 
MARTHA ROWTON, ch. m. by {Imp.) Row^ton, dam Martha Griffin 

by Phenomenon. 
MARTHAVILLE, b. m. by Dick Singleton, dam Black-Eyed Susan. 
MATCHEM, ch. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dain by Blind Jackson. 
MARTIN'S JUDY, br. m. by Young's Mercury, dam by Eclipse. 
MARTIN VAN BL'REN, b. h. by Lafayette Stockholder, dam by In- 

dian. 
MARY, gr. m. by Old Saul, dam by Free Mulatto. 



78 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

MARY, gr. m. by [Imp.) Consul, dam Sally Bell by Sir Archy. 
MARY ANN FURMAN, br. ni. by (Imp.) Sarpedon, dam by Ber- 

trand. 
MARY BEECHLAND, b. m. by Sir Leslie, dam by Potomac. 
MARY BELL, b. m. by Se;ig-ull, dam (Vidocq's dam) by Stockholder. 
MARY BRENNAN, b. m. by Richard Singleton, dam by Hamiltonian. 
MARY BURNHAM, b. m. by Arcliy Montorio, dam by Stockholder. 
MARY CHASE, b. m. by (Imp.) Felt, dam by Sir Archy. 
MARY CHURCHILL, b. m. by {Imp.) Barefoot. 
MARY DOUGLAS, g-r. m. by Jerry, dam by Stockholder. 
MARY ELIZABETH, ch. m. by Andrew, dam by Gallatin. 
Mary ELLEN, b. m. by Woodpecker, dam by Sumpter. 
MARY HEDGFORD, br. m. by (Lnp.) Hedgford, dam Mary Francis 

by Director. 
MARY JONES, ch. m. by {Imp.) Barefoot, dam by Eclipse. 
Mary lewis, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Proserpine by Os- 
car. 
MARY LONG, b. m. by {Imp.) Tranby, dam Lady Pest by Carolinian. 
MARY LUCKETT, ch. m. by Marion, dam (Charles Archy's dam) 

by Eclipse. 
MARY MASON, br. m. by Pirate, dam by {Imp.) Consol. 
MARY MEADOWS, ch. m. by Stockholder, dam by Timoleon. 
MARY MILLER, ch. m. by Arab, dam by Peacemaker. 
MARY MORRIS, b. m. by Medoc, dam Miss Obstinate by Sumpter. 
Mary OUSLEY, br. m. by King's Bertrand, dam by Pacolet. 
MARY PORTER, ch. m. by Mucklejohn, dam by Printer. 
MARY REED, br. m. by Industry, dam by Rattler. 
MARY RODGERS, b. m. by {Imp.) Hibiscus, dam Ten Broeck'a 

dam. 
MARY SCOTT, b. m. by Bertrand, dam by Blackburn's Whip. 
MARY SHERWOOD, b. m. by Stockholder, dam by {Imp.) Levia- 

than. 
MARY STEWART, b. m. by {Imp.) Valentine, dam by Henry. 
MARY THOMAS, b. m. by {Imp.) Consol, dam Parrot by Roanoke. 
MARY TRIFLE, cli. m. by Medoc, dam by Hamiltonian. 
MARY VAUGHAN, b. m. by Waxy, dam by {Imp.) Bluster. 
MARY WALTOxN, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Miss Bailey by 

{Imp.) Boaster. 
MARY WATSON, gr. m. by Robin Hood, dam Bolivia by Bolivar. 
MARY WELLER, ch. m. by Sterling, dam Discord by {Imp.) Luzbo- 

roiigh. 
MARY WICKLIFFE, b. m. by Medoc. 

MARY WYNNE, b. m. by Eclipse, dam Flirtilla Jr. by Sir Archy. 
MASTER HENRY, b. h. by Henry, dam (Balie Peyton's dam) by 

Eclipse. 
MAT. MURPHY, ch. h. by Pete Whetstone, dam by Rattler. 
MEDINA, b. m. by {Imp.) Barefoot, dam bv Director. 
MEDOCA, ch. m. by Medoc, dam by Doublehead. 
]\lEDORA WINSTON, b. m. by Telegraph, dam by Pacolet. 
MELISSE BYRON, b. m. by Cherokee, dam by Barnett's Diomed. 
MELODY, cli. m. by Medoc, dam (Randolph's dam) by Haxall's 

Moses. 
MERCER, cli. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Hamiltonian. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 79 

MERIDIAN, ch. h. by (7m;?.) Barefoot, dam by Eclipse. 
METARIE, ch. m. by Frank, dam (Musedora's dam) by Kosciusko. 
MEl'EOR, ch. h. by {Imj}.) Priam, dam (Baltimore's dam) by Go- 

haima. 
McINTYRE, ch, h. by Medoc, dam by Sumpter. 
MIDNIGHT, bl. m. by Shark, dam Meg- Dods, by Sir Archy. 
MIDAS, b. h. by (hnp.) Rovvlon, dam by Roanoke. 
MILTON HARRISON, b. h. by Orange Boy, dam by Quicksilver, 
MINERVA ANDERSON, ch. m. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Sir 

Charles. 
MINERVA PROFFIT, ch. m. by {Tmp.) Luzborough, dam Sopbia 

Bess. 
MINISTER, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Alexander. 
MINSTREL, b. m. by Medoc, dum by Bedford's Alexander. 
MINT JULEP, br. h. by Godolphin, dam Isora by Dockon. 
MIRABEAU,'b. h. by Medoc, dam Ann Merry by Sumpter. 
MIRIAM, b. m. by (Imp.) Autocrat, dam Laura by Rob Roy. 
MIRTH, b. m. by Medoc, dam (Minstrel's dam) by Bedford's Alexan- 

der. 
MISKVVA, ch. m. by Dick Chinn, dam Linnet by (Imp.) Leviathan. 
MISSISSIPPI, b. h.'by John Dawson, dam by Partnership. 
MISSOURI, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam by Director. 
MISTAKE, b. ni. by Eclipse, dam byTimoleon. 

MISS ACCIDENT, (Imp.) b. m. by Tramp, dam Florestine by Whis- 
ker. 
MISS ANDREW, ch. m. by Andrew, dam by Gallatin. 
MISS BELL, b. m. by (Imp.) Consol, dam {Imp.) Amanda by Morisco. 
MISS CHESTER, b. m. by (Jmp.) Sarpedon, dam Delilah by Tiger. 
MISS CLARK, cli. m. by Birmingham, dam by Cumberland. 
MISS CLASH, ch. m. by Birmingham, dam by Stockholder. 
MISS CLINKER, {Imp.) b. m. by Humphrey Clinker, dam Mania by 

Maniac. 
MISS FOOTE, b. m. by {Imp.) Consol, dam {Imp.) Gabriella by Oscar 

(or Oiseau). 
MISS JACKSON, ch. m. by Oakland, dam by Diomcd. 
MISS LETTY, b. m. by {bnp.) Priam, dam Patty Burton by Marion. 
MISS MACARTY, b. m. by Waxy. 
MISS RIDDLE, ch. m. by {Imp.) Riddlesworth, dam Lady Jackson 

by Sumpter. 
MISS WILLS, gr. m. by {Imp.) Ziuganee, dam Sorrow by Rob Roy. 
MOBILE, b. h. by {Imp.) Consol, dam {Imp.) Sessions by Whalebone. 
MOLLY LONG, ch. m. by Tom Fletcher, dam by (Imp.) Janus. 
MOLLY WARD, b. m. by {Imp.) Hedgford, dam by Bertrand. 
MOLOCH, {Imp.) h. h. by Mulcy Moloch, dam Sister to Puss by Te- 

niers. 
MONARCH, (7m;?.) b. h. by Priam, dam Delphine by Whisker. 
MONGRELIA, ch. m. by Medoc, dam Brownlock by Tiger. 
MONKEY DICK, b. h. by Dick Singleton, dam by Sumpter. 
MORDAC, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Whip. 
MORGAN, ch. h. by John Bascombe, dam Amy H:imilton. 
MORGIANA, ch. m. by Red Gauntlet, dam by Joe Kent. 
MORTIMER, ch. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by Oglp's Oscar. 
26* 43 



80 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

MOSELLE (Colonel Gavan's), b. in. by Telegraph, dam (Imp.) Jane 

Shore. 
MOSELLE (E. P. Dave's), b. m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam {Imp.) 

Jane Shore. 
MOTH, ch. m. by (Imp.) Glencoe, dam (Imp.) Jessica by Velocipede. 
MOTTO, ch. m. by (Imp.) Barefoot, dam Lady Tompkins by Eclipse. 
MOUNTAINEER, ch. h. by Yorkshire, dam by Rattier. 
MOUNTJOY, b. h. by (Imp.) Tranby, dam by Sir Charles. 
MUD, gr. h. by (Imp.) Ltviatlian, dam by Pacolet. 
MUSEDORA, ch. m. by Mcdoc, dam by Kosciusko. 
MUSE SANDFORD, b. h. by Hickory, dam by (Imp.) Contract. 
MUSIC, gr. h. by (Imp.) Pliilip, dam Piano by Bertrand. 

N. 
NANCY BUFORD, cii. m. by Medoc, dam by Thornton's Rattler. 
NANCY CLARK, b. m. by Bertrand, dam Morocco Slipper by Timo- 

leon. 
NANCY DAWSON, cb. m. by Frank, dnm by Voltaire. 
NANCY O., ch. m. by Flagg, dam Milly Tonson by Mons. Tonson. 
NANCY ROWLAND, b. m. by (Imp.) Rowton, dam by Rob Roy. 
NANNY, b. m. by (hnp.) Trustee, dam Miss Mattie by Sir Archv. 
NARCISSA PARISH, ch. m. by Stockholder, dam by (Imp.) Eagle. 
NARINE, ch. m. by (Imp.) Jordan, dam Louisianaise. 
NAT BRADFORD, gr. h. by Bertrand, dam Morocco Slipper by Ti- 

molcon. 
NATHAN RICE, br. h. bv Birmingham, dam by Whipster. 
NED WELLS, b. h. by O'Connell, dam by Stockholder. 
NEPTUNE, ch. m. by (Imp.) Jordan, dan Louisianaise. 
NIAGARA, ch. h. by (Imp.) Trustee, dam Gipsey by Eclipse. 
NICK BIDDLE, b. h. by Score Double, dam Highland Mary. 
NICK DAVIS, ch.h. by (hnp.) Glencoe. 
NICON, ch. h. by Pacific, dam by .Jackson. 

NOBLEMAN, ch. h. by (Imp.) Cetus, dam (Imp.) My Lady by Comus. 
NORFOLK, br. h. by (Imp.) Fylde, dam Polly Peachem by John 

Richards. 
NORMA, ch. m. by Longwaist, dam (Imp.) Novelty by Blacklock. 
NORTH STAR, ch. h. by Emilius, dam Polly Hopkins by Virginian. 

O. 

OCTAVE, b. m. by (Imp.) Emancipation, dam Polly Kennedy. 

OGLENAH, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Maria by Hamiltonian. 

OH SEE, ch. h, by (hnp.) Foreigner, dam by Mons. Tonson. 

OLD DOMINION, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Isabella by Sir Archy. 

OLD MISTRESS, ch. m. by Count Badger, dam Timoura by Timo- 
leon. 

OLEAN, ch. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Truxton. 

OLEANDER, ch. m. by (Imp.) Glencoe, dam Aranetta by Bertrand. 

OLIVIA WAKEFIELD, gr. m. by Patrick Henry. 

OLYMPUS, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Flirtilla Junior, by Sir Archy. 

OMEGA, gr. ni. by TimoJeon, dam Daisy Cropper by Ogle's Oscar. 

OMOHONDRO, ch. h. by Robin Brown, dam by Mason's Rattler. 

OREGON, b. h. by (Imp.) Philip, dam by (hnp.) Luzborough. 

ORIANA, br. in. by (Imp.) Longwaist, dam (hnp.) Orleana by Bus- 
tard. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 81 

ORIFLAMME, ch. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam by Sir Hal. 
ORIOLE, b. m. by {Imp) Leviathan, diuii Objrcf. by Marshal Ney. 
ORLEANS, ch. h. by Cock of the Rock, dam liy 'i'imoleon. 
ORSON, ch. h. by (Imp.) Valuntiiic, dam Elheliiida by Marshal Ber- 

tiand. 
OSTRICH, ch. h. by Collier, dam by Shakspeare. 
OSCAR, (,Josiah Chambers's), ch. h. by Ulysses, dam by Bertrand. 
OSCEOLA, b. h. by Pacific, dam by Oliver H. Perry. 

ch. li. by Wild Bill, dam by Timoleon. 

ch. h. by Collier, dam by Sampler. 

OTHELLO, ch. h. by Waxy, dam by Hickory. 

OUR MARY, br. m. by (Imp.) Langford, dam Ostrich by Eclipse. 

P. 

PAIXHAN, b. h. by {Imp.) Felt, dam Mary Hutton. 

PALMERSTON, b. h. by {bnp.) Merman, dam (Imp.) by Cadmus. 

PANIC, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Aggy-up by Timoleon. 

PARIS, bl. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Water-Witch. 

PARTNER, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Doublchead. 

PASSENGER, {Imp.) b. h. by Langar, dam My Lady by Comus. 

b. h. by Balie Peyton, dam by Pamunky. 

PASSAIC, {Imp.) ch. h. by Reveller, dam Rachel by Moses. 

PATRICK H. GALWEY, ch. h. by {Imp.) Jordan, dam Duchess of 
Ashland by Shakspeare. 

PATSEY ANTHONY, b. m. by {Imp.) Priam, dam (Josephus's dam) 
by Virginian. 

PATSEY BUFORD, b. m. by Mazeppa, dam by Rattler. 

PATSEY CROWDER, gr, m. by Patrick Henry, dam Hillon by 
Antelope. 

PATSEY DAVIS, ch. m. by Count Badger, dam Timoura by Timo- 
leon. 

PATSEY STUART, b. m. by Bertrand, dam by Redgauntlet. 

PEDLAR, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Pizarro. 

PEGGY HALE, cli. m. by {Imp.) Skylark, dam by Sir Charles. 

PENELOPE, {Imp.) ch. m. by Plenipo, dam Brazil by Ivanhoe. 

PENSEE, gr. m. by Lauderdale, dam by Lightning. 

PEORIA, ch. m. by Medoc, dam by Whip. 

PETER PINDAR, ch. h. by {Imp.) Daghee, dam by {Imp.) Barefoot. 

PETER SPYKE, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by {Imp.) Jack Andrews. 

PETWAY, b. h. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam Kitty Clover by Sir Charles. 

br. h. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam by Sir Archy. 

PET WORTH, b. h. by {Imp.) Philip, dam (Kinlock's dam) by Shaw- 
nee. 

PEYTON A, ch. m. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam Giantess by {Imp.) Levia- 
than. 

PHANTOM, b. h. by {Imp.) Contract, dam by Potomac. 

PHIL. BROWN, {Imp.) ch. h. by Glaucus, dam Bustle by Whalebone. 

PICKWICK, b. h. by Pacific, dam by Pacolet. 

PICOLO, br. h. by Lord Byron, dam Highland Mary (Nick Biddle's 
dam). 

PILOT, b. h. by Wild Bill, dam by Oscar. 

PLENIPO, {Imp.) b. h. by Plenipo, dam Polly Hopkins by Virginian. 

POKEROOT, gr. h. by William Tell, dam by Citizen. 



82 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

POLLARD BROWN, b. h. by Wild Bill, dam Hippy by Pacolet, 
POLLY ELLIS, m. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam Ros;ilind by Ogle's Oscar. 
POLLY GREEN, br. m. by Sir Charles, dam Polly Peachem by John 

Rieliards. 
POLLY HUNTER, ch. m. by Andrew, dam by Crusader. 
POLLY MILAM, b. m. by {Imp.) Sarpedon, dam by Escape. 
POLLY PILLOW, b. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Sir Archy. 
POLLY PIPER, ell. m. by Count Piper, dam by Consul or Sumpter. 
PONEY, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathiin, dam by Stockholder. 
PONOLA, ch. 1). by Hannibal, dam by Sir Archy. 
PORTSMOUTH, br. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Polly Peachem 

by John Richards. 
POSTMASTER, (The) b. h. by {Imp.) Consol, dam Country Maid by 

Pacific. 
POWELL, ch. h. by Medoc, d:im by Alexander or Virginian. 
PRENTISS, (S. S.) b. h. by {Imp.) Fyldc, dam by Washington. 
PRESTON, br. h. by Telegrapli, dam (Olivia's dam). 

b. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Parrot by Roanoke. 

PRIMA DONNA, b. m. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Lady Rowland by Ta. 

riff. 
PRINCE ALBERT, ch. h. by {Imp.) Margrave, dam (Eutaw's dam) 

by Sir Charles. 
PRINCESS, ch. m. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Sally Hope by Sir Archy. 
PRINCESS ANN, b. m. by {Imp.) Levi^ithan, dam by Stockholder. 
PRISCILLA MARTIN, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Arab. 
PROMISE, ch. m. by Wagner, dam by Lance. 

PROSPECT, ch. h. by Monmoutii Eclipse, dam by {hnp.) Expedition. 
■ — ch. m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Anvilina Smith by 

Stockholder. 
PRYOR, b. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Queen of Clubs by Virginian. 
PURITY, b. m. by {Imp.) Ainderby, dam Betty Martin by Giles 

Scroggins. 
PUSS, b. ni. by {Imp.) Priam, dam by Virginian. 

Q 

QUEEN ANNE, {Imp.) bl. m. by Camel, dam by Langar. 
QUEEN ELIZABEIU, br. m. I.y {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Sir Archy. 
QUEEN MARY, ch. m. by Bcrtrai.d, dam by Brimmer. 
QUININE, ch. m. by Red" Tom, dam by Bcrtrand. 

R. 

RAGLAND, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 

RALPH, b. h. by Woodpecker, d.ini Blown Mary by Sumpter, 

KANCOPUS, ch. m. by Fligellator, dam Molly Longlegs. 

RAN PEYTON, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 

RAPIDES, ch. h. by {Imp.) Skylark, dam Margaret May by Pacific. 

Rasp, srr. h. by {Imp.) Fylde, dam by Director. 

REBECCA KENNER, b. m. by {Imp.) Skylark, dam Lady Halston 

by Btrtrand. 
REBEL, ch. h. by Gohanna, dam (Ohio's dam). 
RED BILL, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Brown Mary by Sumpter. 
RED BREAST, ch. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Fanny Wyalt by Sir 

Charles. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 83 

RED BUCK, cli. h. by (Imp.) Rowlon, dam Lidy Doerpond, 

RED EAGLE, br. h. by (rrcy Eagle, dam by Mooes. 

RED FOX, ch. h. by (Imp.) Luzborouirli. 

RED GAUNTLET, ch. b. by (Imp.) Trustee, d.im {Imp.) Vaga. 

RED HAWK, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Siimptcr. 

RED HEAD, b. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Whipster. 

RED MOROCCO, ch. m. by Medoc, dam Brownlock by Tiger. 

RED ROSE, br. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by {Imp.) Bagdad. 

RED TOM, ch. h. by Bertrand, dam Duchess of Marlborough by Sir 

Archy. 
REEL, gr. m. by {Imp.) Giencoe, dam {Imp.) Gallopade by Catton. 
REGENT, b. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Fantail by Sir Archy. 
REGISTER, gr. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Maria Louisa by Mens. 

Tonson. 
RELIANCE, b. h. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam Lady Culpeper by Caroli- 

nian. 
RESCUE, br. h. by {Imp.) Emancipation, dam Louisa Lee by Medley. 
REVEILLE, b. m. by Bertrand, dam Sally Melville by Virginian. 

b. or br. h. by Young Virginian, dam by Harwood. 

REVERIE, b. or br. m. by {Imp.) Ainderby, dam by Giles Scroggins. 
RHYNODINO, gr. h. by Pacific, dam by Hamiltonian, 
RICHARD OF YORK, b. h. by Star, dam by Shylock. 
RICHARD ROWTON, b. h. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam by FalstafF. 
RIENZI, b. h. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam by Sir Charles. 
b. li. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam Peggy White by {Imp.) Sy- 

phax (or Diomed). 
RINGDOVE, b. m. by {Imp.) Merman. 

RIPPLE, b. m. by Medoc, dam Belle Anderson by Sir William. 
ROANNA, ro. m. by Archy Montorio, dam by Potomac. 
ROBERT BRUCE, b. h. by Clinton, dam by Sir Archy. 
ROBIN COBB, ch. h. by {Imp.) Felt, dam Polly Cobb. 
ROCKER, b. h. by Eclipse, dam by Virginian. 
ROCKETT, b. h. by Sir Leslie, dam Miss Lancess by Lance. 
RODERICK DHU, gr. h. by Merlin, dam by {Imp.) Bagdad. 
RODNEY, br. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Medora. 
ROSABELLA, b. m. by {Imp.) Sbakspeare, dam by Timoleon. 
ROSA VERTNER, b. m. by Sir Leslie, dam Directress by Director. 
ROSCOE, b. h. by Pacific, dam by Grey Archy. 
ROTHSCHILD, b. h. by {Imp.) Zinganee, dam by Tiger. 
ROVER, b. h. by Woodpecker, dam Sally Miller by Cherokee. 
ROW rONELLA, ch. m. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam Sally Hopkins by 

Kosciusko. 
RUBY, b. m. by {Imp.) Rowton, dam Bay Maria by Eclipse. 

ch. m. by Duke of Wellington, dam Lively by Eclipse. 

RUFFIN, b. h. by {Imp.) Hedgford, dam Duchess of Marlborough by 

Sir Archy. 



SAILOR BOY, b. h. by Jim Cropper, dam by Marshal. 
SAXiADIN, b. h. by Jolm Richards, dam by Henry. 
SALKAHATCHIE, b. m. by Vertumnus, dam Sally Richardson by 

Kosciusko. 
SAL STRICKLAND, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Pacolet. 

43* 



it 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 



SALLY BARTON, cb. m. by J.icksoii, dam by Gallatin, 
SALLY BROWN, b. m. by Jackson, d.mi by Gallatin. 

SALLY CARR, b. m. by Stockholder, dam by 

SALLY CRESSOP, ch. m. by Eclipse, dam by Arab. 

SALLY DILLIARD (or HILLIARD), gr. m. by O'Kelly, dam by 

Shawnee. 
SALLY HARDIN, b. m. by Bertrand, dam Peggy Stewart by Whip. 
SALLY HART, m. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Clear-the-Kitchen 

by Shakspeare. 
SALLY McGHEE, ch. m. by Gascoigne, dam Thisbe. 
SALLY MORGAN, b. m. by {Imp.) Emancipation, dam Lady Mor- 

gan by John Richards. 
SALLY SHANNON, b. m. by Woodpecker, dam (Darnley's dam,) 

by Sir Richard. 

SALLY WARD, m. by John R. Grymes, dam by 

SAMBO, ch. h. by Equinox, dam by Aratus. 

SAM HOUSTON, b. h. by {Imp.) Autocrat, dam by {Imp.) Major. 
SANDY YOUNG, b. h. by Medoc, dam Natchez Bell by Seagull. 
SANTA ANNA, ch. h. by Bertrand Junior, dam Daisy by Kosciusko. 
SANTEE, ch. h. by Wild Bill, dam Sally McGhee by Timoleon. 
SARAH BLADEN, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Morgiana by 

Pacolet. 
SARAH BURTON, m. by Pacific, dam by Timoleon. 
SARAH CHANCE, ch. m. by Lafayette, dam by Sir Archy. 
SARAH JACKSON, JUNIOR, b. m. by Piamingo, dam by Arab, 
SARAH MORTON, b. m. by Sidi Hamet, dam Rowena by Sumpter. 
SARAH WASHINGTON, b. m. by Garrison's Zinganee, dam by 

Contention. 
SARTIN, br. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Julia Fisher by Timo- 

Icon. 
SCARLET, ch. h. by Uncas, dam by Pacolet. 
SENATOR, ch. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Ariadne by Gohanna. 
SERENADE, b. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Cook's Whip. 
SEVEN-UP, b. m. by {Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam by Arab. 
SHAMROCK, {hnp.) ch. h. by St. Patrick, dam Delight by Re- 

veller. 
SHARATOCK, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Trumpator. 
SHEPHERDESS, ch. m. by Lance, dam Amanda by Revenge. 
SIGNAL, bl. h. by {Imp.) Margrave, dam by Mons. Tonson. 
SIMON BENTON, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Rattler. 
SIMON GURTY, ch. h. by Mark Moore, dam by Tiger. 
SIMON KENl'ON, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Ratller. 
SIR ARISS, gr. h. by Trumpator, dam Ophelia by Wild Medley. 
SIR ELLIOTT, b. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Lady Frolic by Sir 

Charles. 
SIR JOSEPH BANKS, b. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Sir 

Archy. 
SIR WILLIAM, b. h. by Sir William, dam by Rattler. 
SISSY, b. m. by {Imp.) I,cviatlian, dam {Imp.) Gutty by Whalebone. 
SISTER TO THORNHILL, cli. m. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam {Imp.) 

Pickle by Emilius. 
SLEEPER, gr. h. by {Imp.) Sarpedon, dam Flora by Grand Seignor. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 85 

SLEEPER (THE), gr. h. by {Imp.) Sarpedon, dam by Cooper's Mes- 
seno'er. 

SLEEPY JOHN, b. I), by John Dawson, dam Sally Billiard by Vir- 
g-inian, (or Plieiiomina). 

SMOfvE, cli. 1). by (Imp.) Titisteo, dam Bianca by Medley. 

SNAG, ch. h. by Mcdoc, dam bv Rattler. 

SNOWBIRD, gr. h. by {Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam Forsaken Filly 
by Jerry. 

SOPHL\ LOVELL, b. m. by Sir Lovcll, dam Eliza Jenkins by Sir 
William. 

SORROW, {Imp.) ch. h. by Defence, dam Tears by Woful. 

SPLINT, ch. in. by Hualpa, dam by Plienomenon. 

S'i'ACKPOLE, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 

SIWGE-DRIVER, b. h. by Lmcc, dam by Bertrand. 

STANHOPE, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Helen Mar by Rattler. 

STANLEY, ch. h. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Aronetta by Bertrand. 

ch. Ii. by Eclipse, dam by Busiris. 

. ECLIPSE, ch. h. by Busiris, dam by John Stanley. 

STAR, b. h. by {Imp.) Skylark, dam Betsey Epps by Timoleon. 

SI'AR OF THE WEST, b. m. by Bertrand, dam by Whip. 

■ ch. m. by {Imp.) Luzburough, dam by Ber- 
trand. 

STEEL, b. h. by {Imp.) Fylde, dam Dimont by Constitution. 

STHRESHLEY, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by Paragon. 

S IRAN(iER, b. h. by Lance, dam by Whip. 

STOCKBOROUGH, ch. h. by {Imp.) Luzborongh, dam by Stock, 
holder. 

ST. CHARLES, ch. h by {Imp.) Jordan, dam by Mercury. 

ST. CLOUD, ch. h. by {Imp.) Belshnzzar, dam by Old Partner. 

ST. LOUIS, gr. h. by Altorf, dam Fleta by Jackson's (or Johnson's) 
Medley. 

ST. PIERRE, bl. h. by Pamnnky, dam by Lafayette. 

SUFFERER, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Meg Dods by Sir Archy. 

SUFFOLK, b. h. by Andrew, dam Ostiich by Eclipse. 

SUNBEAM, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Alice Grey by Mercury, 

• ch. h. by {Imp.) Latigford, dam Gipsey, (sister to Medoc). 

SUSAN HILL, ch. m. by {I?np.) Glencoe, dam Susan Hill by Time- 
leon. 

SUSAN TYI,ER, b. m. by {Imp.) Sarpedon. 

SUSAN VANCE, ch. m. by Siladin, dam by Sir William. 

SWALLOW, b. m. by {hnp.) Leviathan, dam Object by Marshal Ney. 

SWEET HOME, ch. m. by Medoc, dam by H.Vmiltonian. 

SWI.SS BOY, br. h. by {Imp.) Swiss, dam by Stockholder. 

SYLPHIDE, {Imp.) b. m. by Emilius, dam Polly Hopkins by Virgi- 
nian. 

SYMMETRY, b. m. by {Imp.) Priam, dam Phenomena by Sir Archy. 

T. 

TABITHA, ch. m. by Huilpa, dam by Phenomenon. 
TAGLIONI, ch. m. by {Imp.) Priam,"dam by Sir Charles. 
TALLEY, eh. h. by Talleyrand, dam by Bertrand. 
TALLULAII, ch. m. by Hyazim, dam by Gallatin. 
TAMERLANE, ch. h. by Cowper, dam by Director. 



86 WIXXIXG HORSES SINCE 1S39. 

TAMMAXY, b. h. by ilmp.) Trustee, dam Camilla by Henry. 
TaRaNTL'LA, ch. m. by {Imp.) Belshazzar, dam Mary Jaue Davis 

bv Stockholder. 
TARLTOX, b. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Robin Grey. 
TaRQUIX, h. li. by {Imp.) Cunsol, dam Jeanuie Deans by Powhattan. 
TATTEKSALL, ch. h. by {Imp.) Emancipation, dam (Volney's dam,) 

bv Sir Archy. 
TAYLOE, h. h. bv {Imp.) Autocrat, dam Peeev White. 
lAZEWELL, b. h. bv {Imp.) Fylde, dam b/Gjllaun. 
TEARAWAY, b. h. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam Jemima by Thornton's 

Rattler. 
TELAMOX, ch. h. bv Medoc, dam Cherrv Elliott bv Sumpter. 
TELIE DOE, b. m. bv Pacific, dam Matilda bv Grevtail. 
TELLULA. ch. m. by' Eclipse, dam by Whip. ' 
TEMPEST, ch. h. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam Jeanette by Sir Archy. 
TEMPLAR, b. h. bv {Imp.) Sarpedon, dam bv Timoleon. 
TEX BROECK, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Berlraiid. 
I'EXXESSEE, b. m. by {Imp.) Felt, dam Berenice by Archy Junior. 
TEXAXA, b. m. by {Imp.) Hedgford, dam Goodlee Washington by 

Washington. 
TEIXAS, b. h. bv {Imp.) Fvlde, dam bv Potomac. 
THE COLOXEL, ch. h. by {Imp.) Priam, dam {Imp.) My Lady by 

Conius. 
THE COLOXEL'S DAUGHTER, b. m. by The C<ilonel, dam {Imp.) 

Variella by Blacklock. 
THE DUKE, ch. b. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by {Imp.) Expedition. 
THE MAJOR, b. h. "bv OUjelio, dam bv Citizen. 
THE MERCER COLT, br. h. by {Imp.) Mercer, dam Miss Mattie 

bv Sir Arthv. 
THE'POXEY, ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam bv Stockholder. 
THE POSTMASTER, b. h. by {Imp.) Consol, dain Country Maid by 

Pacific. 
THE QUEEX, Jmp.) ch. m. by Priam, dam Delphine by Whisker. 
THOMAS HOSKLXS, b. h. by \lmp.] Autocrat, dam Minerva by Tom 

Tou^h. 
THOMAS R. ROOTS, b. h. by {Imp.) Tranby, dam Eliza Jenkins by 

Sir William of Transport 
THORXHILL, ch. h.by [Imp.] Glencoe, dam {Imp.) Pickle by Emilias. 
TIBERIAS, b. h. bv Jmp.) Priam, dam Fannv Wright bv Silverheels. 
TIPPECAXOE, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Rattler. 
TISHAXXA, b. m. by Benbow, dam Fidget by Eclipse. 
TISFHMIXGO, b. h. by {.Imp.) Leviathan, dam Maria Shepherd by 

Sir Archv. 
TOBY, b. h. bv Bertrand, dam bv Eagle. 

TOM AXD JERRY, ch. h. bv Heart of Oak, dam by Lafayette. 
TOM BEXTOX, b. h. by Wild Bill, dam by Pacolet. 
TOM BUCK, ro. h. bv jmp.^ Glencoe, dam'Ladv Svkes by Timoleon. 
TOM CHILTOX, ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam 'by Ch'ilders. 
TOM CORWIX, b. h. by (Imp.) Emancipation, dam by Lottery. 
TOM CRIXGLE, ch. h" by Carolinian. 

TOM DAY, b. h. bv Bertrand, dam Sally Melville by Yirginian. 
TOM MARSHAL. ",Col. Bingaman's,) gr. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam 

Fanny Jarman by Mercury. 



WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 87 

TOM MARSHAL, (Cul. Bnfor Is.) b. h. by :>.I:'(loc, diim by Smnpter. 
TOM PAINE, bl. h. by {hup.) Margrave, dam (Emily Tliouuis's 

dam) by Tom Tougli. 
TOM THURMAN, b. h. by (Iinp.) Fykle, dam by Citizen. 
TOM WALKER, ch. h. by xMaiylander, dam by Rattler. 
TOMMY WAKEFIELD, ch. h. by Drone, dam by Eclipse. 
TORCH-LIGHT, ch. m. by {Imp.) Glencoe, dam Wax-light by {Imp.) 

Leviathan. 
TORNADO, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Polly Hopkins by Virginian. 
TRANBYANNA, m. by {Imp.) Tranby, dam Lady Tompkins by 

Eclipse. 
TRANSIT, b. h. by {Imp.) Hedgford, dam (Molly Ward's dam) by 

Bertrand. 
TREASURER, b. h. by {Imp.) Roman, dam Dove by Duroc. 
TRENTON, b. h. by Eclipse Lightfoot, dam by Tuckahoe. 
TROUBADOUR, bl. h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Stockholder. 
TRUXTON, b. h. by {Imp.) Barefoot, dam Princess by Defiance. 
TUSKENA, b. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam Creeping Kate. 
TYLER, b. h. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam Kate Kearney by Sir Archy. 

U. 

UNCAS, ch. h. by Diomed. 

b. h. by {Imp.) Jordan, dam by Pacific. 

UNITY, ch. f. by Genito, dam Lady Pest by Carolinian. 

V. 

VAGABOND, ch. h. by {Imp.) Ainderby, dam {Imp.) Vaga. 

VAGRANT, ch. h. by {Imp.) Trustee, dam {Imp.) Vaga. 

VANITY, b. m. by Traveller. 

VAN TROMP, h. by Van Tromp, dam by Mucklejohn. 

VASHTI, b. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan — Slazy by Bullock's Mucklejohn. 

VELASCO, b. h. by Shark, dam by Virginian. 

VELOCITY, ch. m. by {Imp.) Leviathan, dam Patty PufT by Pacolet. 

VERTNER, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Lady Adams by Whipster. 

VETO, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Diomed. 

h. by {Imp.) Luzborough, dam Lady Washington by Wash- 
ington. 

VICTOR, br. h. by (Imp.) Cetus, dam (Imp.) My Lady by Comus. 

VICTORIA, gr. m. by Sir Kirkland, dam by Tippoo Saib. 

b. ra. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Timoleon. 

ROWTON, ch. m. by (Imp.) Rowton, dam by Pheno- 
menon. 

VICTRESS, b. m. by Grey Eagle, dam by Royal Charley. 

VIDOCQ, br. h. by Medoc, dam by Stockholder. 

VIOLA, ch. m. by (I»>p.) Leviathan, dam Mary Longfit by Pacific. 

VIRGINIA, ch. m. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Sir Rich d Tonson. 

VIRGINIA ROBINSON, b. m. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam Becky 
by Marquis (or INIarcus). 

VOLTAIRE, ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Bertrand. 

W. 

WACOUSTA, ch. h. by Jerseyman. dam Lady Vixen. 

WADDY THOMPSON, ch. h. by (Imp.) Emancipation, dam by Tra- 
falgar. 
27 



88 WINNING HORSES SINCE 1839. 

WAGNER, cli. h. by Sir Chiirles, dam Maria West by Marion. 

WALK IN-THE- WATER, b. h. by Collier, dam by Bertrand. 

WALTER L . b. h. hy (Imp) Fylde, dam by Sir Charles. 

WANTON WILL, b. li. by Brunswick, dam by Prince Edward. 

WARSAW, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Arab. 

WARWICK, ch. li. by Stoclcliolder, dam by (Imp.) Leviathan. 

WASHENANGO, ch. h. by (Imp.) Sorrow, dam by (Imp.) Leviathan. 

WATKINS, ro. h. by John Richards, dam by Whip. 

WAXETTA, br. m. by Waxy, dam by Kennedy's Diomed. 

WEBSTER, b. h. by (Imp.) Priam, dam Fairy. 

WELLINGTON, b. h. by (Imp.) Sarpedon, dam (Volney's dam) by 

Sir Archy. 
WESLEY MALONE, b. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam by Sir Richard. 
WEST FLORIDA, b. m. by Bertram, dam by Potomac. 
WEST-WIND, br. li. by (Imp.) Chateau Margaux, dam Mambrina 

by Bertrand. 
WHALEBONE, b. h. by (Imp.) Cetus, dam by Gohanna. 
WHISKER, b. h. by (Imp.) Emancipation, dam by Walnut. » 
WILL-GO, b. or br. h. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Eclipse. 
WILLIAIVI R., b. h. by Goliah, dam by Sir Alfred. 
WILD BURK, ch. h. by Medoc, dam by (Imp.) Bluster. 
WILLIS, ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam by (Imp.) Merryfield. 
WILLIS P. MANGUM, b. h. by Shark, dam Aggy Down. 
WILTON BROWN, gr. h. by (Imp.) Priam, dam Ninon de PEnclos 

by Rattler. 
WINCHESTER, ch. li. by Clifton, dam by Contention. 
WINFIELD (or WINFIELD SCOTT), ch. h. by Andrew, dam by 

Eclipse. 
WONDER, b. h. by Tycliicus, dam Nancy Marlborough by Rob Roy. 
WOODCOCK, b. h. by (Imp.) Emancipation, dam by Shylock. 
WORKMAN, ch. h. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam by Tiraoleon. 

Y. 

YAZOO TRAPPER, ch. h. by Sir William. 
YELLOW ROSE. ch. m. by Andrew, dam Tuberose by Arab. 
YORKSHIRE, b.'h. by St. Nicholas, dam Moss Rose by Tramp. 
YOUNG DOVE, gr. m. by (hnp.) Trustee, dam Dove by Duroc. 
YOUNG FRAXINELLA, gr. m. by (Imp.) Autocrat, dam by Virgi- 
nian. 
YOUNG MEDOC, ch. h. by Medoc. 

Z. 

ZAMPA, ch. h. by (Imp.) Priam, dam Celeste by Henry. 
ZEBA, ro. ra. by Eclipse, dam Miss Walton by Mendoza. 
ZEMMA (or ZAMOUR), ch. h. by Ulysses, dam by Stockholder. 
ZENITH, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Belle Anderson by Sir William of 

Transport. 
ZENOBIA, ch. m. by (Imp.) Roman, dam Dove by Duroc. 
ZOE, ch. m. by (Imp.) Rowton, dam (Little Venus's dam,) by Sir 

William. 
ZORAIDA, b. m. by Virginias, dam by Comet. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD 
MARES. 



A. 

ABD ALLAH, b. h. by Mambrino, dam Amazonia. 

ABJER, [Imp.] got by Old Truffle, dam Briseis by Beningbrough, 
gr. dam Lady Jane by Sir Peter Teazle — Paulina by Florizel, 
&c. — foaled 1817, died 1828. — Alabama. James Jackson. 

ADMIRAL, [Imp.] h. li. got by Florizel, dam the Spectator mare, 
(who was also the dam of Old imp. Diomed) — foaled 1779. — 
New York. J. Delancy. 

AFRICAN, bl. h. by [Imp.] Valentine, dam by Marshal Bertrand. 

ALLEN BROWN, ch. hrby Stockholder, dam by [Imp.] Eagle. 

ALL FOURS, [/»(;).] got by All Fours, son of Regulus— Blank— 
Bolton Starling — Miss Meynell by Partner — Greyhound — Cur- 
win's Bay Barb, &c. imp. into Massachusetts or Connecticut. 

ALONZO, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Sir Archy. 

AINDERBY, [Imp.] ch. h. by Velocipede, dam Kate by Catton. 

ALTORF, b. h. by [Imp.] Fylde, dam Countess Plater by Virginian. 

AMBASSADOR, [Imp.] b. h. by Emilius, dam [Imp.] Trapes by 
Tramp. 

AMERICUS, [Imp.] h. h. got by Babraham — Creeping Molly by Se- 
cond — General Evans' Arabian Cartouch — foaled 1775. 

William Macklin. 

ANDREW, ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam by Herod. 

ANDREW JACKSON, b. h. by Timoleon, dam by [Lnp.] Whip. 

ANN PAGE, m. by Maryland Eclipse, dam by Tuckahoe. 

ARAMINTA, b. m. by May-Day, dam Tripit by Mars. 

ARGYLE, br. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam Thistle by Ogle's Oscar. 

AUTOCRAT, [Imp.] gr. c. got by Grand Duke, dam Olivetta by Sir 
Oliver — Scotiua by Delphi — Scota by Eclipse — foaled 1822. — 
New York. William Jackson. 

B. 

BABRAHAM, [Imp.] b. h. got by Old Fearnought (son of Godolphin 
Ar.) — Silver — imported into Virginia by William Evans of 
Surrey county, and got by the Belsize Arabian in England, and 
foaled 1759. — Va. 17G5. William and George Evans. 

[Imp.] h. h. got by Wildair — Babraham — Sloe — Bart 

lett's Childers — Counsellor — Snake, &c. — foaled 1775. — Va 
1783. Augustine Willis. 

(89) 



90 CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 

BALTE PEYTON, b. li. by Andrew, dam Pocahontas by Eclipse. 

BAY MIDDLETON, b. h. by [Imp] Fylde, dam by Potomac. 

BELLE ANDERSON, m. by William of Transport, dam Butterfly. 

BELSHAZZAR, limp.] ch. by Blacklock, dam Manuella by Dick 
Andrews. 

BERNERS COMUS, [Imp.] b. li. by Comus, dam Rotterdam by 
Juniper. 

BERTRAND Junior, ch. h. by Bertrand, dam Transport by Virgi- 
nius. 

BETSEY MALONE, m. by Stockholder, dam by Potomac. 

BIANCA, m. by Medley, dam Povvancey by Sir Alfred. 

BIG JOHN, ch. h. by Bertrand, dam by Hamiltonian. 

BILL AUSTIN, b. h. by Bertrand, dam by Timoleon. 

BIRMINGHAM, br. h. by Stockholder, dam Black Sophia by Top- 
gallant. 

BLACK ARABIAN, [Imp.] — Presented by the Emperor of Morocco 
to the United States' Government. 

BLACK PRINCE, b. h. by [Imp.] Fylde, dam Fantail by Sir Archy. 

, [Imp.] bl. h. got by Babraham — Riot by Regulus 

— Blaze — Fox, &c. — foaled 17G0. — New York. A. Ramsay. 

BLOODY NATHAN, ch. h. by [Imp.] Valentine, dam Daphne by 
Duroc. 

BOHEMOTH, Junior, b. h. by Old Bohemoth. 

BONNYFACE, [Imp.] (also called Master Stephen) dk. b. h. got by 
a son of Regulus out of the Fen mare, got by Button's Royal 
colt — Blunderbuss, &c. — foaled 1768. — Va. French. 

BOSTON, ch. h. by Timoleon, dam (Robin Brown's dam) by Ball's 
Florizel. 

BRITANNIA, [Imp.] m. by Muley, dam Nancy by Dick Andrews. 

BUFF COAT, [Imp.] dun h. got by Godolphin Arabian —Silver 
Locks by the Bald Galloway — Ancaster Turk — Leeds Arabian, 
&c.— foaled 1742.— Va. 17G1. Joseph Wells. 

BULLE ROCK, [Imp.] got by the Darley Arabian — Byerly Turk, 
out of a natural Arabian mare, &c. — foaled 1718. — Virginia, 
1735-G. Samuel Patton. 

BUSIRIS, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Grand Duchess by [Imp.] Grac- 
chus. 

BUSSORAH ARABIAN — Imported by Abraham Ogden, Esq., of 
New York. 

BUTTERFLY, m. by Sumpter, dam by [Imp.] Buzzard. 

C. 

CADMUS, ch. b. by Eclipse, dam Di Vernon by Ball's Florizel. 
CAMDEN, b. h. by [Imp.] Sarpedon, dam by Old Cherokee. 
CAMILLA, m. by [Imp.] Philip, dam Roxana by Timoleon. 
CANNON, [Imp.] br. h. got by Dungannon — Miss Spindleshanks by 

Omar — Starling, &c. — foaled 1789. — Boston. Gen. Lyman. 
CAROLET, ch. m. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Peg Caruthers by 

Arab. 
CAROLINE, m. by Eclipse, dam Miss Mattie. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 9] 

CARVER, [Imp.] h. h. got by Young Snap — Blank — Babraharn — 
Ancastei- Starling — Grasshopper, &c. — foaled 1770. — Norfolk 
county, Va. Dr. Charles Mayle. 

CETA, m. by [Imp.] Cetus, dam Harriet Hetli by Mons. Tonson. 

CETUS, [Imp.] b. h. by Whalebone, dam Lamea by Gohanna. 

CHARLEY NAILOR, b. h. by Medoc, dam by Tiger. 

CHARLOTTE PAGE, m. by Sir Archy, dam by [Imp.] Restless. 

CHATEAU MARGAUX, [Imp.] dk. br. h. got by Whalebone, (best 
son of Waxy,) dam Wasp by Gohanna — Highflyer — Eclipse, 
&c._foaled 1822.— Va. 1835. J. J. Avery & Co. 

CHEROKEE, h. by Sir Archy, dam Roxana by Hephestion. 

CHESTERFIELD, b. h. by Pacific, dam by Wilkes' Madison. 

CHIFNEY, ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam by Sir Archy. 

CHILTON, b. h. by Seagull, dam by Hazard. 

CINDERELLA, b. m. by Saladin, dam by Aratus. 

CIPPUS, bl. h. by Industry, dam by Randolph's Mark Antony. 

CIVIL JOHN, gr. h. by Tariff, dam by Pakenham. 

CLARET, [Imp.] got by Chateau Margaux, dam by Partisan — Silver 
Tail by Gohanna — Orville, &c. — foaled 1830. — N. Carolina. 

Wyatt Cardwell. 

CLARINET, ch. m. by Kentucky Sir Charles, dam Mary Grindle Ly 
Eclipse. 

CLARION, ch. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam by Ogle's Oscar. 

COCK OF THE ROCK, b. h. by Duroc, dam by Romp. 

COLORADO, h. by Eclipse, dam by Sir Archy. 

COMMENCEMENT, m. by Arab, dam by Francisco. 

COMMODORE, b. h. by Mambrino, dam by True American. 

CORONET, [Imp.] b. h. by Catton, dam by Paynator. 

CORTES, h. by Old Rattler, dam by Jack Andrews. 

COUNT BADGER, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Arabella by Hickory. 

COUNT ZALDIVAR, ch. h. by Andrew, dam by Timoleon. 

COUNTESS BERTRAND, m. by Bertrand, dam Nancy Dawson bj- 
Platt's Alexander. 

CRIPPLE, b. h. by Medoc, dam Grecian Princess by Whip. 

CRITIC, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Eclipse Herod. 

CUSSETA CHIEF, ch. h. by Andrew, dam Virago by Wildair or 
Wonder. 

CYMON, ch. h. by Marion, dam Fair Forester by [Imp.] Chance. 

D. 

DAGHEE, [Imp.] b. h. by Muley, dam by Arabian Sheik. 
DAMASCUS, h. by [Imp.] Zilcadi, dam Dido by [Imp.] Expedition. 
DANCING MASTER, [Imp.] b.h. got by Woodpecker— Madcap by 

Snap— Miss Meredith by Cade, &c. — foaled 1788. — S. Carolina. 
DANIEL OCONNELL, gr. h. by Sir Henry Tonson, dam by [Imp.] 

Sir Harry. 
DAVY CROCKETT, h. by Constitution, dam by Sutton's Whip. 
DEBASH, [Imp.] b. h. got by King Fergus — Highflyer— Madcap by 

Snap— Miss Meredith by Cade, &c.— foaled 1792. Imported 

into Massachusetts. Jones 

27* 44 



92 CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 

DECATUR, ch. b. by Henry, dam Ostrich by Eclipse. 

DERBY, [Iinp.~\ dr. b. h. got by Peter Lely out of Urganda, formerly 
Lady Eleanor, she by Milo, dam by Sorcerer out of Twins, &c. 
—foaled 1831. R. D. Shepherd. 

DIANA, m. by Mons. Tonson, dam by Conqueror. 

DIANA, [Imp.lj m. by Catton, dam Trulla by Sorcerer. 

DIANA, m. by Mercury, dam Rarity. 

DONCASTER, [/m^.] b. h. by Longwaist, dam by Muley, grandam 
Lady Ern by Stamford. 

DON QUIXOTE, [Imp.] ch. h. by O'Kelly's Eclipse— Grecian Prin- 
cess by Forester — Coalition colt — Bustard, &c. — foaled 1784. 
Imported into Va. 

DORMOUSE, [Imp.] dk. b. h. got by Old Dormouse, dam by White- 
foot — Silverlocks by Bald Galloway, &c. — foaled 1753. — Va. 
1759. 

DOSORIS, ch. h. by Henry, dam (Goliah's dam) by Mendoza. 

DRONE, [Imp.] h. h. got by King Herod— Lily by Blank— Peggy by 
Cade — Croft's Partner — Bloody Buttocks, &c. — foaled 1777. — 
Duchess county, New York. 

ch. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam Isabella by Sir Archy. 

DUANE, br. h. by [7»y).] Hedgford, dam Goodloe Washington by 
Washington. 

DUCHESS, b. m. by [Imp.] Coronet, dam by Tariff. 

DUCHESS OF YORK, [Imp.] eh. m. got by Catton, dam by Sancho 
— Coriander — Highflyer, &c. — foaled 1821. — Va. 

R. D. Shepherd. 

DUKE SUMNER, gr. h. by Pacific, dam by Grey Archy. 

DUNGANNON, ch. h. by Sumpter, dam by Duke of Bedford. 

E. 

ECLIPSE, (American,) ch. h. by Duroc, dam Miller's Damsel by 

[Imp.] Messenger. 
ECLIPSE THE SECOND, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Lady Nimble by 

Sir William. 
ELIZA ARMSTRONG, m. by Flying Childers, dam Gipsey by Flo- 

rizel. 
ELIZA MILLER, m. by Miller's Bertrand, dam Lucy Forester by 

Marshal Ney. 
ELLEN GRANVILLE, b. m. by [Imp.] Tranby, dam by Contention. 
EMANCIPATION, [Imp.] br. h. by Whisker, dam by Ardrossan. 
ENGLISHMAN, (Imp. by Mr. Walter Bell of Va., in his dam,) by 

Eagle (also imported) — PotSos — Pegasus — Small Bones by Jus- 
tice, &c. — foaled 1812. 
ENTERPRISE, h. by John Richards, dam by Don Quixote. 
EUGENIUS, [Imp.] ch. h. by Chrysolite, dam Mixbury by Regulus 

— Little Bowes by a brother to Mixbury — Hutton's Barb, &c. — . 

foaled 1770. 
EXILE, h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam [Imp.] Refugee by Wanderer. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 93 

F. 

FAIRFAX ROANE, [Itnp.] (alias Strawberry Roan) ro. h. got by 

Adolphus, (lam Ijy Sinitli's Tartar (a son of Croft's Partner) g. 

dam by Midge (son of Snake) — Hip, &c. — foaled 17G4 — Va. 

— Fairfax. 
FANNY WRIGHT, m. by Silverheels, dam Aurora by Governor 

Wright's Vingtun. 
FELT, [Imp.'\ h. h. by Langar, dam Steam by Waxy Pope. 
FESTIVAL, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Timoleon. 
FIFER, b. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Music by John Richards. 
FLATTERER, [Imp.] h. h. by Muley, dam Clari by Marmion. 
FLORANTHE, m. by John Richards, dam Fanny Wright. 
FOP, [Imp.] gr. h. by Stumps, dam by Fitz James. 
FRANCIS MARION, ch. h. by Marion, dam Malvina by Sir Archy. 
FRANK, ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam Betsey Archy by Sir Archy. 

G. 

GANDER, gr. h. by Wild Bill, dam Grey Goose by Pacolet. 

GANO, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Betsey Richards by Sir Archy. 

GENERAL MABRY, h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Galen by Pacific. 

GEROW, ch. h. by Henry, dam Vixen by Eclipse. 

GIFT, [Imp.] h. h. got by Cadormus, dam by Old Crab — Second 
Starling, &c. — foaled 1768. — New Kent county, Va. 

Colonel Dangerfield. 

GILES SCROGGINS, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Lady Bedford by 
[Imp.] Bedford. 

GLENCOE, [Imp.] ch. h. by Sultan, dam Trampoline by Tramp. 

GLOSTER, b. h. by Sir Charles, dam by Alfred. 

GOHANNA, h. by Sir Archy, ctem Merino Ewe by [Imp.] Bedford. 

GOLD BOY, b. h. by Industry, dam (Buck Eye's dam) by Medoc. 

GOLDWIRE, [Imp.] br. m. by Whalebone, dam Y'oung Amazon by 
Gohanna. 

GOVERNOR HAMILTON, gr. h. by Sir Andrew, dam by Bonaparte. 

GRANBY, [Imp.] b. h. got by Blank— Old Crab— Cyprus Ar.— Com- 
moner — Makeless — Brimmer, &c. — foaled 1759. — Powhatan 
county, Va. Samuel Watkins. 

GRECIAN PRINCESS, m. by Virginian, dam Calypso by Bell-Air 
— Dare Devil — Old Wildair — Piccadilla by Fearnought — Go- 
dolphin — Hob or Nob, &c. 

GREY EAGLE, gr. h. by Woodpecker, dam Ophelia by Wild Med- 
ley. 

GREY MEDOC, gr. h. by Medoc, dam Grey Fanny by Bertrand. 

GROUSE, br. h. by Eclipse, dam by Erie. 

GUM ELASTIC, b. h. by Waxy, dam by Read's Spread Eagle. 

H. 

HALO, h. by Sir Archy Montorio, dam Semiramis. 
HARD LUCK, gr. h, by Randolph's Roanoke, dam Lady Washing- 
ton. 



94 CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 

HAYWOOD, li. Ly [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Black Sophia by Topgal- 
lant. 

HECTOR, [Imp.] bl. h. got by Lath — Childers— Basto — Cnrwin's 
Bay Barb, &c foaled 1745. Colonel Marshall. 

HEDGFORD, [Imp.] br. h. by Filho da Puta, dam Miss Ciaigie by 
Orville. 

^ (Young) h. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam by [Imp.] Ea- 
gle. 

HERCULES — a grey draft horse, imported into Louisville, Ky. 

HERO, [Imp.] b. h. got by Blank — Godolphin Ar. &c.— foaled 1747. 
— Va. John S. Wilson. 

HIAZIM, ch. h. by Sir Archy, dain Janey by [Imp.] Archduke. 

HIBISCUS. [Imp.] b. h. by Sultan, dam Duchess of York by Waxy. 

HICKORY JOHN, ch. h. by John Richards, dam Kitty Hickory by 
Hickory. 

HIGHLAND HENRY, ch. h. by Henry, dam Highland Mary by 
Eclipse. 

HORNBLOWER, br. h. by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Music by John 
Richards. 

HUGH LUPUS, [Imp.] b.h. by [Imp.] Priam, dam Her Highness by 
Moses. 

I, 

IBARRA, b. h. by [Imp.] Hedgford, dam by Virginian. 
IBRAHIM PACHA, [Imp.] — a pure Bedouin Arabian — imported by 
Captain James Riley. 

J. 

JACK OF DIAMONDS, [Imp.] dk. b. b. by CuUen's Arabian— Dar- 

ley Ar. — Byerly Turk, &c. — Va. 1763. Imported by Colonel 
Spottswood. Solomon Dunn. 

JACK PENDLETON, ch. h. by Goliah, dam by Trafalgar. 

JANE GRAY, m. by Orphan Boy, dam Rosalind by Ogle's Oscar. 

JEROME, br. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Sir Charles. 

JESSICA, [Imp.] ch. m. by Velocipede, dam by Sancho. 

JIM JACKSON, ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Conqueror. 

JOB, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Jemima by Thornton's Rattler. 

JOHN BASCOMBE, ch. h. byBertrand, dam Grey Goose by Pacolet. 

JOHN BULL, [Imp.] b. h. by Chateau Margaux, dam by Wofnl. 

JOHN DAWSON, b. h. by Pacific, dam by Grey Arehy. 

JOHN GASCOIGNE, h. by Randolph's Gascoigne, dam by Virgi- 
nian. 

JOHN RICHARDS, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by Rattler, gr. dam by 
[Imp-I Medley. 

JORDAN, [Imp."] ch. h. by Langar, dam Matilda by Comus. 

JUNIUS, [Imp.] bl. h. got by Old Starling — Old Crab — Monkey— 
Curwin's Bay Barb— Spot, &c.— foaled 1754.— Va. 1759. 

JUSTICE, [Imp.] h. h. got by Blank, dam Aura by Stamford Turk, 
gr. dam by a brother to Conqueror — Childers, &c. — Va. 1780. 

George Gould. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 95 

JUSTICE, limp.] got. by Oia Justi.'e (:^oii of King Herod) — Old 
Squirt mare — Mogul — Camilla by Biiy Bolton, &o. — foaled 
1782. — S. Carolina. Major Butler. 

K 

KANGAROO, ch, h. by Uncas, dam by Orphan. 

KATE NICKLEBY, m. by [Imp.] Trustee, dam Lady Mostyn by 
Teniers. 

KING WILLIAM, [Imp.] red sor. h. got by Florizel, dam Milliner 
by Matchein — Cassandria by Blank, &c. — foaled 178L — Ches- 
ter county, Pa. Dr. Norriss. 

— [Imp.] b. h. by King Herod, dani Madcap by 

Snap — Miss Meredith by Old Cade, &c. — foaled 1777. — Con- 
necticut. Skinner. 

KITTY BRIM, b. m. by Old Conqueror, dam by Gallatin ; gr. dam 
by Highflyer. 

LADY CLIFDEN, m. by Sussex, dam Betsey Wilson. 

LADY CULPEPER, m. by Carolinian, dam Flora by Ball's Florizel. 

LADY MORGAN, m. by John Richards, dam Matchless by [Imp.] 
Expedition. 

LADY MOSTYN, [Imp.] m. by Teniers, dam Invalid by Whisker. 

LADY NIMBLE, m. by Eclipse, dam Transport by Kosciusko. 

LADY SCOTT, [Imp.] br. m. got by Ardrosson, dam Dido by Vis- 
count — Brilliant by Whiskey, &c. R. D. Shepherd. 

LADY WHIP, m. by Whip, dam by Alonzo, gr. dam by [Imp.] Buz- 
zard. 

LAFAYETTE, b. h. by Conqueror, dam Julia by Sir Arthur. 

LANGFORD, [Imp.] br. h. got by Starch, out of Peri by Wanderer, 
her dam Thalistris by Alexander, out of Rival by Sir Peter — 
Home by Drone — Manilla by Goldfinder — foaled 1833. 

F. P. Corbin. 

LAPLANDER, ch. or br. h. by Flagellator, dam Medora. 

LEOPARDESS, m. by Medoc", dam by Haxall's Moses. 

LEVIATHAN, [Imp.] ch. h. by Muley, dam by Windle. 

Junior, ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Young 

Diomed. 

LILY, m. by Eclipse, dam Garland by Duroc. 

LIMBER JOHN, ch. h. by Kosciusko, dam by Moses. 

LOFTY, [Imp.] b. h. by Godolphin Arabian— Croft's Partner— Bloody 
Buttocks — Greyhound, &c. — foaled 1753. — Virginia, Chesterfield 
county. Thomas Goode. 

LOUISA, ch. m. by [Imp.] Bluster, dam by Hamiltonian. 

LURCHER, [Imp.] gr. h by Grey Leg, dam Harpalyce by Gohanna. 

LUZBOROUGH, [Imp.] br. h. by Williamson's Ditto, dam by Dick 
Andrews. 

— Junior, b. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam by Sump- 

ter. 

LYCURGUS, [Imp.] ch. h. by Blank— Snip— Lath, &c — foaled 1767 
— Va. 1776. Geo. H. Harrison. 

44 • 



96 CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MAR,ES. 

LYNEDOCH, ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Rosetta by Wilkes' 
Wonder. 

M. 
MAGNUM BONUM, [Imp.] ro. h. by Matchem— Swift— RcruIus— 
Dairy Maid by Bloody Buttocks, &c. — foaled 1774. — Hartford, 
Conn. F. Kilborne. 

MANALOPAN, gr. h. by Medley, dam by John Richards. 
MARIA DAVIESS, ch. m. by Sir Charles, dam Mary Grindle by 

Eclipse. 
MARIA VAUGHAN, m. by Pacific, dam Mary Vaughan by Pacolet. 
MARION, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by [7;??jo.] Citizen. 
MARGRAVE, [Imp.] ch. h. by Muley, dam by Election. 
MARK MOORE, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Lalla Rookh by Gabriel Os- 
car. 
MARMION, br. h. by [Imp.] Merman, dam by Crusader. 
MARPLOT, [Imp.] by Highflyer—Omar— Godolphin Ar.ibian,&c. 
MARTHA BICKERTON, b. m. bv Pamunky, dam by Tariff. 
MARSHAL NEY, h. by Pacolet, dam Virginia by Dare Devil. 
MARY BIDDLE, m. by [Imp.] Priam, dam Flora by Mens. Tonson. 
MARY VAUGHAN, gr. m. by Old Pacolet, dam by Old Chanticleer. 
MASTER ROBERT, [_Imp.] ch. h. by Star, dam a young Marske 

marc — foaled 1793. 
MASTER SOLOMON, b. h. by Reveller, dam by Lord Berners. 
MATCHE.M, [L/ip.'] b. h. by Matchem — Lady by Sweepstakes — Pa- 
triot — Old Crab, &c. — foaled 1773. — S.Carolina. Gihbs. 
MATCHLESS, [Imp.'] b. h. by Godolphin Arabian — Soreheel — 

Makeless, &c S. Carolina. 

MATILDA, gr. m. by Greytail Florizel, dam by [_lmp.'] Jonah. 
MAXIMUS, b. h. by Bertrand, dam Miss Dance by [Imp.'] Eagle. 
MAYZOUBE — a gr. horse imported from Arabia by Captain James 

Riley. 
MELZARE, br. h. by Bertrand, dam by Sir Richard. 
MENDOZA, [Imp.] h. h. by Javelin — Paymaster — Pamona by King 

Herod. 
MERMAN, [7mp.] br. h. by Whalebone, dam by OrviUe. 
MERRY PINTLE, [Imp.'] gr. h. by Old England, dam by Old Merry 

Pintle — Skipjack, &c. — foaled 17.52. — Va. 1775. J. Strong. 

MERRY TOM, [Imp.] b. h. by Regulus — Locust — a son of Flying 

Childers— Croft's Old Partner, &c— foaled 1758. 
MERCER, [Imp.] b. h. by Emibus, dam Young Mouse by Godolphin. 
MERWICK BALL, [Imp.] ch. h. by Regulus— dam a Traveller mare 

— Hartley's blind horse — foaled 17G2. 
MINOR, b. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam by Topgallant. 
MISS ANDREWS, [Imp.] b. ni. by Catton, dam by Dick Andrews. 
MISS MATTIE, m. by Sir Archy, dam Black Ghost by Pantaloon. 
MISS ROSE, [Imp.] b. m. by Tramp, dam by Sancbo, gr. dam by Co- 
riander, &c.— f.)aled 1826. R. D. Shepherd. 
MISS VALENTINE, m. by [Imp.] Valentine, dam by John Richards. 
MONARCH, [Imp.] h. h. by Priam, dam Delphine by Whisker. 
MONMOUTH, b. h. by John Richards, dam by Duroc. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 97 

MONMOUTH ECLIPSE, ch. h. by Eclipsn, dam Honesty by [7/«j7.] 

Expedition. 
MONS. 'I'ONSON, gr. h. by Parolet, dam Madame Tonson by Top- 

MORDECAI, [Lnp.] b. h. by Lottery, dam by Welbeck. 
MORVEN, [I'lip.] ch. h. by Rowton, dam Nanine by Selim. 
MOSES MARE (Chas. Buford's) by Haxall's Moses, dam by Cook's 
or Blackburn's Whip. 

N. 

NANCY THATCHER, m. by Medoc, dam by Archy of Transport. 

NELL GVVYNNE, [Imp.] m. by Tramp, dam by Beningbrough. 

NETTY, [Imp.] ch. m. by Velocipede, dam Miss Rose. 

NICHOLAS, [I'lip.] h. by St. Nicholas, dam Miss Rose. 

NIMROU, [I"ip.] h. h. by King Fergus— O'Kelly's Eclipse Old 

Marske, &c. — Philadelphia, 1788. 

NON PLUS, [Imp.] b. h. by Cation, dam Miss Garforth by Walton 

Hyacinthus, «fec. — foaled 1824. — S. Carolina. R'd. Singleton. 

NORTH BRITAIN, [Imp.] b. h. by Alcock's Arabian—Northumber- 
land Arabian — Hartley's blind horse. — Philad. 1768. Crow. 

NOVELTY, [Imp.] m. by Blacklock, dam Washerwoman by Walton. 

O. 

O'KELLY, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam by Oscar. 

OLIVER, h. by May-Day, dam Young Betsey Richards by John Ri- 
chards. 

ONUS, [Imp.] br. h. by Camel, dam The Etching by Rubens. 

ORLEANA, [Imp.] m. by Bustard, dam Laureola by Orvijle. 

OROONOKO, [Imp.-] bl. h. by Old Crab, dam Miss Slammerkin by 
Young True Blue — Bloody Shouldered Arabian, &c. — foaled 1745. 
— S. Carolina. J. Mathews. 

OTHELLO, br. h. by limp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir Archy. 



PACIFIC, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Eliza by [Imp.] Bedford. 

PACOLET, [Imp.] h. by Sparke, dam Queen Mab — Hampton Court 
Childers — Harrison's Arabian, &c. — Va. 1791. Thos. Goode. 

PACTOLUS, ch. h. by Pacific, dam Mary Vaughan by Pacolet. 

PAMUNKY, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Beliona by Sir Harry. 

PAUL CLIFFORD, h. by Eclipse, dam Betsey Richards by John Ri- 
chards. 

PETE WHETSTONE, b. h. by [Imp.-] Leviathan, dam by Stock- 
holder. 

PHARAOH, [Imp.] b. h. by Moses, dam by Godolphin Arabian — 
Smockface by Old Snail, &c. — foaled 1753. — S. Carolina. 

PHILIP, [Imp.'] br. h. by Filho da Puta, dam Treasure by Camillus. 

h. by Randolph's Janus, dam (Jack Pendleton's dam) by- 
Trafalgar. 

PICTON, br. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam Isabella by Sir Archy. 

PLATOFF, b. h. by Kosciusko, dam by Hephestion. 



98 CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 

PONEY, (The) ch. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam hy Stockholder, 
PORTLAND, [Imp.] ch. h. by Recovery, dam by M^alton. 
PORTSMOUTH, br. h. by [Imp.] Luzborough, dam Polly Peachem 

by John Richards. 
POST BOY, ch. h. by Henry, dam Garland by Duroc. 
POWHATTAN, b. h. by Arab, dam by Whip. 
PRESTO, b. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Stockholder. 
PRIAM, [Imp.] h. h. by Emilius, dam Cressida by Whisker. 

Junior, h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam by Sir Archy. 

PRINCE, [Imp.] b. h. by Herod, dam Helen by Blank— Crab, «&c.— 

foaled 1773. — S. Carolina. 
PRINCE FERDINAND, [Imp.] by Herod, dam by Matchem — gr. 

dam the Squirt mare, &.c. 
PRUNELLA, [Imp.] m. by Comus, dam by Partisan. 
PUZZLE, [/wi^.] b. h. by Reveller, dam by Juniper. 

Q. 

QUEEN OF THE WEST, br. m. by Shark, out of Lady Mostyn by 
Teniers, gr. dam Invalid by Whisker. 

R. 

RATTLER, ch. h. by Sir Archy, dam by [Imp.] Robin Red Breast. 

RED BILL, b. h. by Medoc, dam Brown Mary by Sumpter. 

RED BUCK, b. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Sally Bell by Conten- 
tion. 

RED TOM, ch. h. by Bertrand, dam Duchess of Marlborough by Sir 
Archy. 

REINDEER, ch. h. by Henry, dam Sportsmistrcss by Hickory. 

ch. h. by Sussex, dam by Oscar. 

REPUBLICAN, [Imp.'] ch. h. by Wentworth's Ancaster— Old Royal 
Changeling — Bethel's Arabian, &c. — Va. 1797. 

Charles Young. 

RICHARD SINGLETON, b. h. by Bertrand, dam Black-Eyed Susan 
by Tiger. 

RIDDLESWORTH, [Imp.] ch. h. by Emilius, dam Filagree by Sooth- 
sayer. 

ROANOKE, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by Cojur de Lion. 

ROBIN BROWN, ch. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam (Boston's dam) by 
Ball's Florizel. 

RODOLPH, b. h. by Archy of Transport, dam by Haxall's Moses. 

RODERICK DHU, [Imp.] by Sir Peter Teazle, dam hy Young Marske 
— Matchem — Tarquin, &c. Imported into New York. 

ROSALBA, m. by Old Trafalgar, dam Rosalba by Spread Eagle. 

ROSIN THE BOW, b. h. by Bertrand, dam Lady Grey by Robin Grey. 

RUBY, [Imp.] h. h. by Emilius, dam Eliza by Rubens. 

RUSHLIGHT, ch. m. by Sir Archy, dam Pigeon by Pacolet. 

S. 

SALLY BARBOUR, m. by [Imp.] Truffle, dam by Ball's Florizel. 
SALLY HYDE, m. by Sumner's Grey Archy, dam by Medley. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 99 

SAM HOUSTON, ch. h. by Barnoy O'Lynn, dam Jiuly Bakewell by 

Ea.-le. 
SANTEE, b. h. by Rob Roy, dain Betty Iiy [hup.] Buzzard. 
SARACEN, b. h. by Ecli|ib-e, dam Sally Sb)uch by Virginian. 
SARPEDON, [/"'/?.] br. h. by Emilius, dam Icaria by The Flyer 

Parma by Diclv Andrews, &c. 
SCIPIO, b. h. by [Imp.] Leviathan, dam Kitty Clover by Sir Charles. 
SCOUT, [I'»p.] br. h. by St. Nicholas, dam by Blacklock. 
SE.AGULL, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Nancy Air by [Imp.] Bedford. 
SHADOW, bl. h. by Eclipse Lightfoot, dam Sally Slouch by Virginian. 
SHADOW, [Imp.] h. h. got by Babraham — Bolton Starling — Cough- 
ing Polly by Bartlett's Childers, &c. — foaled 1759 Va. 1771. 

T. Burweil. 
SHAKSPEARE, [Imp.] br. h. by Smolensko, dam Charming Molly by 

Rubens. 
SH.\RK, bl. h. by Eclipse, dam Lady Lightfoot by Sir Archy. 
SHAMROCK, [Imp.] ch. h. St. Patrick, dam Delight by Reveller. 
SHEPHERDESS, [Imp.] b. m. by Young Blacklock, dam Spermaceti 

by Sligo Waxy. 
SHERIFF PACHA, b. h. Nedji bred—imported by Com. Elliott. 
SHOCK, [Imp.] got by Shock — Partner — Makeless — Brimmer, &c. 

Va. Caroline county. Jno. Baylor. 

SIDI HAMET, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Princess by Defiance. 
SIDNEY, b. h. by Sir Charles, dam Virginia by Thornton's Rattler, 
SIR CHARLES, ch. h. by Saladin, dam by Cultivator. 
SIR JOSEPH, br. h. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam Sally Maclin by 

Sir Archy. 
SIR LESLIE, b. h. by Sir William, dam by (Imp.) Buzzard. 
SIR MEDLEY, ch. h. by Medley, dam by Sir Charles. 
SIR PETER TEAZLE, (Imp.) ro. h. got by Sir Peter Teazle— Mer- 

cury — Cythera by King Herod — Blank, &c. — foaled 1802. S. 

Carolina. Gen. Jno. McPherson. 

SIR ROBERT, (Imp.) b. h. by Bobadil, dam Fidalma by Waxy 

Pope. 
SIR WILLIAM, h. by Sir William, dam by Tiger. 
SKYLARK, (Imp.) br. h. by Waxy Pope, dam Skylark by Musician. 
SLOUCH, (Imp.) ch. h. by Cade, dam the little Hartley mare by 

Bartlett's Childers — Flying Whig by Woodstock, &c. — foaled 

1747.— S. Carolina. 
SOURKROUT, (Imp.) b. c. by Highflyer, dam Jewel by Squirrel, 

Sophia by Blank, &c. — foaled 1786. 
SOVEREIGN, (Imp.) b. h. by Emilius, dam Fleur de Lis by 

Bourbon. 
STARLING, (Imp.) by Young Starling — Regulus — Snake, Partner, 

&c.— foaled 1756.— Va. 1762. Carlisle & Dalton. 

STANHOPE, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Helen Mar by Rattler. 
STEEL, b. h. by (Imp.) Fylde, dam Diamond by Constitution 
STOCKHOLDER, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by (Imp.) Citizen. 
ST. LEGER, gr. h. by Eclipse, dam (Ariel's dam,) by Financier. 
28 



100 CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 

ST. PAUL, (Imp.) sor. h. by Old Saltram, dam Purity by Matchem, 
Pratt's famous Squirt mare, &c. — foaled 1789. — Va. 1804. 

Wm. Lightfoot. 
STRAWBERRY ROAN, (see Fairfax Roan). 
SWISS, (Imp.) h. h. by Whisker, dam by Shuttle. 
SYMMETRY, ch. m. by (Imp.) Ainderby, dam Ellen Douglass by 
Bertrand. 

T. 

TARGET, ch. h. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam Becky by Marquis. 

TARLTON, b. h. by Woodpecker, dam by Robin Gray. 

TARQUIN, br. h. by Henry, dam Ostrich by Eclipse. 

h. by (Imp.) Luzborough, dam Hackabout by Timoleon. 

(Imp.) h. by the Hampton-Court Chesnut Ar. out of Fair 

Rosamond by Cade — Traveller, &,c. — foaled 1720. 

TELIE DOE, m. by Pacific, dam Matilda by Grey-tail Florizel. 

TENNESSEE CITIZEN, ch. h. by Stockholder, dam Patty Puff by 
Pacolet. 

THOMAS H. BENTON, br. h. by Waxy, dam Virginia by Matapone. 

TITRY, (Imp.) ch. m. by Langar, dam Zephyrina by Middlethorpe. 

TOBACCONIST, b. h. by Gohanna, dam Yankee Maid by Ball's 
Florizel. 

TOM MOORE, h. by Contention, dam Pocahontas by Virginian. 

TORNADO, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Polly Hopkins by Virginian. 

TRANBY, (Imp.) br. h. by Blacklock, dam by Orville— Miss Grim- 
stone by Weazle — Ancaster, &c. — foaled 1826. — Va. 1835. 

J. J. Avery & Co. 

TRIPIT, br. m. by Mars, dam by Post Boy. 

TRUFFLE, (Imp.) b. h. by Truffle, dam Helen by Whiskey. 

TRUSTEE, (Imp.) ch. h. by Catton, dam Emma by Whisker. 

V. 

VALPARAISO, (Imp.) ch. h. by Velocipede, dam Julianna by Go- 
hanna. 

VERTNER, ch. h. by Medoc, dam Lady Adams by Whipster. 

VERTUMNUS, b. h. by Eclipse, dam Princess by Defiance. 

VICEROY, ch. h. by Eclipse, dam Saluda by Timoleon. 

VOLCANO, b. h. by Stockholder, dam Forest Maid by Ratray. 

VOLNEY, b. h. by Mons. Tonson, dam by Sir Archy. 

(Imp.) b. h. by Velocipede, dam (Voltaire's dam,) by 

Phantom. 

W. 

WACOUSTA, ch. h. by (Imp.) Leviathan, dam Lady Lightfoot by 

Oscar. 
WAGNER, ch. h. by Sir Charles, dam Maria West by Marion. 
WASHENANGO, ch. h. by Timoleon, dam Ariadne by (Imp.) 

Citizen. 
WHALE, (Imp.) by Whalebone, (who was by Waxy,) dam Rectory 

by Octavius — Catharine by Woodpecker. — N. Carolina. 

Edward Townes. 
WHALEBONE, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam by Pacolet. 



CELEBRATED STALLIONS AND BROOD MARES. 101 

WILD BILL, b. h. by Sir Archy, dam Maria by Gallatin. 
WILLIAM H. HARRISON, gr. h. by Trumpator, dam by Double- 
head. 
WILLIS, ch. h. b)r Sir Charles, dam by (Imp.) Merryfield. 
WANDER, ch. h.'^by Monmouth Eclipse, dam Powancey by Alfred. 
WOODPECKER, b. h. by Bertrand, dam by (Imp.) Buzzard. 

Y. 

YORKSHIRE, (Imp.) got by St. Nicholas, dam Miss Rose. 

R. D. Shepherd. 
YOUNG GOHANNA, h. by Gohanna, dam by Pacolet. 
YOUNG MEDLEY, h. by Potomac, dam by Medley. 
YOUNG TRAMP, (Imp.) h. by Barefoot, dam Isabella by Comus. 
YOUNG WONDER, h. by Cock of the Rock, dam Nell Sanders. 

Z. 

ZINGANEE, (Imp.) h. h. by Tramp, dam Folly by Young Drone. 



Chance. 



(Grarrison's,) b. h. by Sir ArcEy, dam Atalanta by (Imp.) 



THE END. 



i^ 

■^ 

^ 






POPULAR AND CHEAP BOOKS, 

Particularly suitable for Family Libraries, 

PUBLISHED BY 

GRIGG, ELLIOT & CO. 
No. 14 Worth Fourth Street, Philadelphia. 

AND FOE SALE BY BOOKSELLERS AND COtJNTRY MERCHAIITS GENE- 
RALLY IN THE UNITED STATES. 



*• Educated mind is a Nation''s wealth, and promotes the happiness of mankind." 

At this time, when the press is teeming with so much nonsensical trash, 
tending to corrupt, not only the literary taste, but the morals of the people, 
parents and their children will be pleased to find so many valuable works 
to be procured at almost any bookstore in the country. Their perusal will 
tend to restore the mind to a true idea of life, its dignity, its duty and its 
destiny. The reading of the following books will exalt the mind, and 
purify the affections, and awaken to life many a fresh and noble thought 
that now lies buried. "The great business of man is, to improve his 
mind and govern his manners." 



THE LIFE OF GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR, 

BY ROBERT T. CONRAD, Esq., 

WITH AN ORIGINAL AND ACCURATE PORTRAIT, 

And elegant illustrations of the Battles of Fort Harrison, Okf;e-cho-bee, Falo 
Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey and Duena Vista. 

yOmprising ample details of his early life and public and private career, 
derived from the most authentic and accurate sources. 

In a large and elegant volume, 12mo. 

(kT The Life of this distinguished General from the eloquent pen of Judge Conrad, 
of Philadelphia. The subject, the author, the times and the circumstances, all 
combine to render such a work eminently popular ; and all who want a complete 
history of his Life for their libraries, will do well to say, in ordering, GRIGG, 
ELLIOT & CO.'S Edition. j b, , 



GENERAL TAYLOR AMD HIS STAFF, 12ma 

Jrllustcatrt toft!) ^ottcafls. 
In Press, and will shortly be published, 

" GENERAL TAYLOR AND HIS STAFF; 

CONTAINING 

BIOGRAPHIES OF GKNERALS TAYLOR, WORTH, WOOL, BUTLER, 

AND ALL THE DISTINGUISHED OFFICERS OF THE 

PRESENT WAR. 

Ji" These editions will be the very best published ir thit country and will be 
beautifully illustrated. 



JOSEPHUS'S (FLAVIUS) WORKS. 

By the late WILLIAM WHISTON, A. M. 

From the last London edition^ complete, and the only readable edition published 

in this couiitry. 

As a matter of course, every family in our country has a copy of the Holy Bible 

— and as the presumption is, the greater portion often consult its pages, we take 

the liberty of saying to all those that do, that the perusal of the writings of Jose- 

phus will be found very interesting and instructing. 

All those who wish to possess a beautiful and correct copy of this invaiuaole 
work, would do well to purchase this edition. It is for sale at all the principal 
bookstores in the United States, by country merchants generally in the Southern 
and Western Stales. ■ 



SAY'S POLITICAL ECONOMY. 

A Treatise on Political Economy, or the Production, Distribution, and 
Consumption of Wealth. By Jean Baptiste Say. Fifth American edi- 
tion, with Additional Notes, by C. C. Biddle, Esq., in 1 vol. 8vo. 

It would be beneficial to our country if all those who are aspiring to office, 
were required by their constituents to be conversant with the pages of Say. 

The distinguished biographer of the author, in noticing this work, observes, 
"Happily for science he commenced that study which forms the basis of his admi- 
rable treatise on Political Economy, a work which not only improved under his 
hand with every successive edition, but has been translated into most of the Euro- 
pean languages." 

The ed.tor of the North American Review, speaking of Say, observes, that " he is 
the most popular, and perhaps the most able writer on Political Economy, since 
the time of Smith." 



BENNETT'S (Rev. John) LETTERS TO A YOUNG LADY, 
On a variety of subjects calculated to improve the heart, to form the man- 
ners, and enlighten the understanding. " That our Daughters may be 
as polished corners of the Temple." 

The publishers sincerely hope, (for the happiness of mankind,) that a copy of this 
valuable little work will be found the companion of every young lady, as much of 
the happiness of every family depends on the proper cultivation of the female mind. 

BURDER'S VILLAGE SERMONS. 

Or, 101 Plain and Short Discourses on the Principal Doctrines of the 
Gospel; intended for the use of Families, Sunday Schools, or compa- 
nies assembled for religious instruction in country villages. By George 
Burder. To which is added, to each Sermon, a short Prayer, with 
some General Prayers for Families, Schools, &c., at the end of the 
work. Complete in 1 vol. 8vo. 

These sermons, which are characterized by a beautiful simplicity, the entire 
absence of controversy, and a true evangelical spirit, have gone through many 
and large editions, and been translated into several of the continental lang^uages. 
•' They have also been the honored means not only of converting many individuals, 
but also of introducing the Gospel into districts, and even into parish churches, 
where before it was comparatively unknown." 

" This work fully deserves the immortality it has attained." 
This is a fine library edition of this invaluable work, and when we say that it 
should be found in the possession of every family, we only reiterate the sentiments 
and sincere wishes of all who take a deep interest in the eternal welfare 7f maa 
kind. 
o 



NEW SONG BOOK. 

Grigg'p Sonthern and Western Songster; being a choice collection of the 
most Fashionable Songs, many of which are original, in 1 vol. 18tno. 
Great care was taken in the selection, to admit no snng that contained, in the 
slightest degree, any indelicate or improper allusions, and with great propriety it 
may claim tii« title of " The Parlor Song Book or Songster." The immortal 
Shakspeare observes — 

" The man that hath not music in himself, 

Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds, 

Is fit lor treasons, stratagems, and spoils." 

FAMILY pIaTTrTTnD HYMNS 

Adapted to Family Worship, and Tables for the regular Reading of the 
Scriptures. By Rev. S. C. Winchester, A. M., late Pastor of the Sixth 
Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia, and the Presbyterian Church at 
Natchez, Miss. 1 vol. 12mo. 

A DICTIONARY OF SELECT AND POPULAR QUOTATIONS, 
Which are in Daily Use: taken from the Latin, French, Greek, Spanish 
and Italian Languaues; together with a copious collection of Law 
Maxims and Law Terms. Translated into English, with illustrations, 
historical and idiomatic. Si.vth American edition, corrected with addi- 
tions. 1 vol. 12mo. 

In preparing this sixth edition for the press, care has beau :aken to give the 
work a thorough revision, to correct si>me errors which had !> jfor-^ escaped notice, 
and to insert many additional Quotations, Law ma.vims and J-,av,' terms. In this 
state it is offered to the puhlic in the stereotype form. This little work should 
find its way into every family library. 

TIJT^ AMSKICAISr CHESTEKFIPt.I»> 
Or, "Youth's Guide to the Way to Wealth, Honor, and Distinction," &c.: 

containing also a complete Treatise on the art of Carvmg. 

"We most cordially recommend the American Chesterfield to general atten- 
tion; but to young persons particularly, as one of the best works of the kind that 
has CTcr been published in this country. It cannot be too highly appreciated, nor 
its perusal be unproductive of satisfaction and usefulness." 



SENECA'S MORALS. 

By way of Abstract, to which is added, a Discourse under the title of an 
After-Thought, by Sir Roger L'Estrange, Knt. A new fine edition, 1 
vol. ISnio. 
A copy of this valuable little work should be found in every family library. 

THE DAUGHTER'S OWN BOOK. 

Or, Practical Hints from a Father to his Daughter. 1 vol. 18mo, 
This is one of the most practical and truly valuable treatises on the culture and 
discipline of the female mind, which has hitherto been published in this country, 
and the publishers are very conlident, from the great demand for ti>is invaluable 
little work, that ere long it will be found in the library of every young lady. 

GOtDSIVllTH'S ANISIATED NATURE. 

In 2 voh. Svo., beautifully llluatratcd with 385 Plates. 

"Goldsmith can never be made obsolete while delicate geniu.s, exquisite feel- 
ing, fine invention, the most harmonious metre, and the happiest diction are aJ all 
valued." 

This is a work that should be in the library of every family, being written by 
one of the most talented authors in the English language. 



THE WORKS 01 LAURENCiu STERNE. 
In 1 vol. 8ro., with a Life of the Author, written by himself, and a Portrait 

The beauties of this author are so well known, and his errors in style and 
expression so few and far between, that one reads with renewed delight his deli- 
cate turns, &c. 

SPLENDID LIBRARY EDITIONS. 

IL,L,USTR^TED ST^JVD^RD POETS. 

ELEGANTLY PRINTED, AND UNIFORM IN SIZE AND STYLE. 

The following editions of Standard British Poets are illustrated with nu- 
merous steel engravings, and may be had in all varieties of binding. 

Complete in 1 vol. 8vo , including all his Suppressed and Attributed Poemsj 
with 6 beautiful engravings. 

ScJ" This edition has been carefully compared with the recent London edition 
of Mr. Murrny, and made complete by the addition of more than fifty pages of 
poems heretolbre unpublished in England. Among these there are a number that 
have never appeared in any American edition; and the publishers believe they 
are warranted in saying, that this is the most complete edition of Lord Byron's 
Poetical Works ever published in the United States. 



COWPER AND THOMSON'S PROSE AND POETICAL WORKS. 
Complete in 1 vol. 8vo., including two hundred and fifty Letters, and 
sundry Poems of Cowper, never before published in this country; and 
of Thomson a new and interesting Memoir, and upwards of twenty 
new Poems, for the first time printed from his own Manuscripts, taken 
from a late edition of the Aldine Poets now publishing in London; 
with 7 beautiful engravings. 

The distinguished Professor Silliman, speaking of this edition, observes, " I am 
as much gratified by the elegance and fine taste of your edition, as by the noble 
tribute ofgenius and moral excellence which these delightful authors have lel\ for 
all future generations; and Cowper, especially, is not less conspicuous as a true 
Christian moralist and teacher, than as a poet of great power and exquisite taste." 



THE POETICAL WORKS OF MHS. HEMANS. 

Complete in 1 vol. Svo.; ivilk 1 beautiful engravings. 

^f^ This is a new and complete edition, with a splendid engraved likeness of 
Mrs. Ilemans on steel, and contains all the poems in the last London and Ameri- 
can editions. With a Critical Preface by Mr. Thatcher, of Boston. 

" As no work in the English language can be commended with more confidence, 
it will argu', bad taste in a female in this country to be without a complete edition 
of the writings of one who was an honor to her sex and to humanity, and whose 
productions, from first to last, contain no syllable calculated to call a blush to the 
cheek of modesty and virtue. There is, moreover, in Mrs. Hemans' poetry a 
moral puiity, and a religious feeling, which commend it, in an especial manner, 
to the discriminating reader. No parent or guardian will be under the necessity 
of imposing restrictions with regard to the free perusal of every production ema- 
nating from this gifted woman. There breathes throughout the whole a most 
eminent exemption from impropriety of thought or diction; and there is at limes 
a pensiveness of lone, a winning sadness in her. more serious compositions, which 
tells of a soul which has been lifted from the contemplation of terrestrial things, 
to divine communings with beings of a purer world." 

4 



THE POETICAL WORKS OF ROGERS, CAMPBELL, MONT- 
GOMERY, LAMB, AND KIRK WHITE. 
Complete in 1 vol. 8vo. ; with 6 beautiful engravings. 

MILTON, YOUNG, GRAY, BEATTnETANlTcOLLINS' POETICAL 

WORKS. 
Complete in 1 vol. 8vo. ; with 6 beantiful engravings. 

HEBER, POLLOK, AND CRABBE'S POETICAL WORKS. 
Complete in 1 vol. 8vo.; wilh 6 beautiful engravings. 

A writer in the Boston Traveler holds the following language with reference to 
these valuable editions: — 

Mr. Editor — I wish, without any idea of puffing, to say a word or two upon the 
"Library of Lnglish Poets" that is now published at Pliiladelphla, by Grigg & 
Elliot; it is certainly, taking into consideration the elegant manner in which it is 
printed, and the reasonable price at which it is alTorded to purchasers, the best 
edition of the modern British Poets that has ever been published in this country. 
Each volume is an octavo of about .^00 pages, double columns, stereotyped, and 
accompanied with fine engravings, and biographical sketches, and most of them 
are reprinted from Galiagnani's French edition. As to its value we need only 
mention that it contains the entire works of Montgomery, Gray, Bealtie, Collins, 
Bvron, Cowper, Thomson, Milton, Young, Rogers, Campbell, Lamb, Hemans, 
Heber, Kirk White, Crabhe, the Miscellaneous Works of Goldsmith, and other 
martyrs of the lyre. The publishers are doing a great service by their publication, 
and their volumes are almost in as great demand as the fashionable novels of the 
day, and they deserve to be so, for they are certainly printed in a style superior 
to that in which we have before had the works of the English Poets." 

No library can be considered complete without a copy of the above beautiful 
and cheap editions of the English Poets, and persons ordering all or any of them 
will please say Grigg, Elliot & Co.'s illustrated editions. 

HIND'S POPOLAR SYSTEM OF FARRIERY. 

Taught on a new and easy plan, being a Treatise on all the Diseaf=es and 
Accidenis to which the Horse is liable. With considerable additions 
and improvement.-; adapted particularly to this country, by Tliomas M. 
Smith. Veterinary Surgeon, and Member of the London Veterinary 
Medical Society. In 1 vol. 12mo. 

MASON'S POPULAR SYSTEM OF FARRIERY. 

Comprising a General Description of the noble and useful animal, the 
Horse, together with the quickest and simplest mode of fattening; 
necessary treatment while undergoing excessive fatigue, or on a jour- 
ney; the construction and management of Stables; different marks for 
ascertaining the Age of a Horse: also, a concise Account of the Dis- 
eases to which the Horse is subject; with such remedies as long expe- 
rience has proved to be effectual. By Richard Mason, M. D., formerly 
of Surrey Co., Va. Ninth edition, with additions. To which is added 
a Prize Essay on Mules, and An Appendix containing Observations and 
Recipes for the cure of most of the common distempers incident to 
Horses, Oxen, Cows, Calves, Sheep, Lambs, Swine. Dogs, &c. &c. 
Selected from different authors. Also, an Addenda, containing Annals 
of the Turf, American Stud Book, Rules for Training, Racing, &c. 
The publishers have received numerous flattering notices of the great practical 
value of these works. The distinguished editor of the American Farmer, speak- 
ing of them, observes — " We cannot too highly recommend these books, and 
therefore advise every cwuer of a horse to obtain them." 

A* 5 



THE STOCK RAISER'S MANUAL. 

A Guide to the Raising and Improvment of Cattle, being a Treatise on their 
Breeds, Managetnent. and Disea?es. By VV. Youalt, author of a '' Trea- 
tise on ihe Horse,'' with numerous illustrations. Complete in 1 vol. 8vo. 
This work will be found of the greatest importiince to farmers and cnttle raisers 

throughout the United Stales, and should be in the possession of every farmer, aa 

it is the most complete work on this subject ever published. 



M'MAHQN'S AMERICAN SARBENER. 

Ninth edition, much improved. In 1 vol. 8vo. ^ . 

This is an invaluable work to all who wish to obtain any information on the sub- 
ject of Gardening in all its various branches. 



GRIGG, ELLIOT & GO'S 

RURAL REGISTER AND ALMANAC 

For 18 1§: to S>c comtiiBUcd Aaanually. 

For farmers and gardeners it is invaluable, giving full directions for all their 
work for every month in the year, and for all tlie States in the Union. There is 
no work ever, published that contains so mucli useful and valuable information in 
80 cheap and convenient a form ; and we do say that no farmer or gardener, who 
is worth a "bit," should be without one. There is no pursuit in which more real 
rational enjoyment and comfort will follow to an industrious man than Horticul- 
tural employments. 

BOOK or FOMTSNSSS. 

The Gentleman and Lady's Book of Politeness and Propriety of Deport- 
ment. Dedicated to the Youth of both sexes. By Madame Celnart. 
Translated from the Si.xth Paris edition, enlarged and improved. Fifth 
American edition. 



THE BEAUTIES OF HISTORY. 

Or, Examples of l!ie Opposite Effects of Virtue and Vice, for the use of 
Families. 1 vol. 12mo., with plates. 

"After a careful examination of this book, we can conscientiously recommend 
it to parents and teachers as a most meritorious performance. There are here 
collected, within a narrow compass, the most striking examples of individual virtue 
and vice which are spread forth on the pages of history, or are recorded in per- 
sonal biography. The noblest precepts are recommended for the guidance ol 
youth; and in the nsost impressive manner is he taught to conquer the degrading 
impulses which lower the standard of the human character. We have not lately 
met with a volume which, in design and execution, seemed so acceptable as this. 
The book, moreover, is handsomely got up, and illustrated with wood engrav- 
ings." 



THE CLERSYMABI'S ASSISTANT. 

Or, Guide in Reading the Liturgy; containing Directions for Reading Cor 
rectly with the Pronunciation. By Rev. VV. H. Odenheimer, of Phila- 
delphia. 1 vol. 12mo., cloth. 
6 



LIFE OF PAUL JONES. 

In one vol. 12mo., with 100 Illustrations. 

•' Life of Rear Admiral John Paul Jones," &c. fcc, by James Hamilton. The 
work is com|)ile(l IVotn his original journals and correspondence; and includes an 
account of his services in the Anieiican Revolution, and in the war lietween the 
Russians and Turks in the Black Sea. There is scarcely any Naval Hero of any 
age who combined in his character so much of the adventurous, skilful and daring, 
as Paul Jones. TKe incidents of his life are almost as startling and absorbing as 
those of romance. His achievements during the American Revolution — the fight 
between the Bon Homme Richard and Seraph, the most desperate naval aciion on 
record, and the alarm into which, with so small a force, he threw the coasts of 
England and Scotland, are matters comparatively well known to Americans; but 
the incidents of his subsequent career have been veiled in obscurity, which is dis- 
sipated by this Biography. A book like this, narrating the actions of such a man, 
ought to meet with an extensive sale, and become as popular as Robinson Crusoe 
in fiction, or Weems' Life of Marion and Washington, and similar books in fact. 
It contains 400 pages — has a handsome portrait and medallion likeness of Jones, 
and is illustrated with numerous original wood engravings of naval scenes and 
distinguished men with whom he was familiar. 

L. G. Curtis, Esq., editor of The Commercial, Cincinnati, Ohio, speaking of this 
work, &c., observes: — " Life of Rear Admiral Paul Jones, illustrateo with nume- 
rous engravings from original drawings." This book we prize above any in our 
possession. John Paul Jones was truly an extraordinary man. He had the honor 
to hoist with his own hands the flag of freedom, the first time it was displayed in 
the Delaware, and in after life declared that he attended it with veneration ever 
after. To Paul Jones the honor of raising up an American navy belongs. He was 
the first commander in the world who made the proud flag of England "come 
down." His lile, as printed by Messrs. Grigg, Elliot & Co., should be in the 
hands of every intelligent American. 



WALKER'S SCHOOL A^O FAMILY OlCTiOMeY. 

NEW EDITION. 

FROM NEW STEREOTYPE PLATES, GREATLY IMPROVED, AND PRINTED 
ON WHITE PAPER. 

A Critical Pronotancing Dictionary and Expositor of the En^lif-h language, 
in whicli the meaning of every word is explained, and the sound^of 
every syllable distinctly shown. To which are prefixed an AbsU-acl of 
English Pronunciation, and Direclions to Foreigners for Acquiring a 
Knowledge of the Use of this Dictionary. Ey John Walker, author of 
"Elements of Elocution," " Rhyming Dictionary, ''" &c. &c. Abridged 
for the use of Schools, by an American Citizen. 

P. S. This is a new edition, on fine paper, and improved in printing and bind- 
ing. Parents and Teachers will please examine and order Grigg, Elliot & Co.'s 
Improved Edition. 

An eminent writer, and a good judge of the value of Dictionaries, observes ac 
follows: — 

We have received from the publishers, P.Iessrs. Grigg, VAWoi & Co., No. 14 
North Fourth Street, a copy of their new and handsome edition of Walker's Criti- 
cal Pronouncing Dictionary for Schools. The present edition is decidedly the 
best and most convenient we have ever seen, both in regard to the size of the 
type on which it is printed, and the style and form in whichlt is issued. It has been 
"got up" in a handsome and substantial manner, e.vpressly for schools — has been 
greatly improved and made better in every respect for teachers and scholars. All 
teachers who have any regard for their eyes and the eyes of their scholars, would 
find it to their advantage to use this edition, printed as it is from new stereotype 
plates and on clean white paper. The edition is for salo by booksellers and coun- 
try merchants generally throughout the United States. 
7 



BOLLES' PHONOGRAPHIC PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY. 

IN ONE VOL. ROYAL 8vO. 

This vnluable work has met witli the most favorable reception from the Ameri- 
can public. It contains more words than the 8vo. edition of Webster, and has the 
pronunciation attnched according to the best authoritifis, which is a very import- 
ant addition, and renders tiie wori< much more desirable for general use and 
reference than of any of the large dictionaries now in use. No man of business 
or family should be without this valuable Dictionary. 

The same work abridged, in 1 vol. 12mo., we have just published also, which 
will be found an invaluable class book for academies, seminaries, and higher order 
of schools, as well as an important companion to the education of every young 
person. 

BIGLiND'S NATURAL HISTORY 

Of Animal?, Birds, Fishes, Reptiles and Insects, illustrated with nume- 
rous anil beautiful engravings. By John Bigland, author of a "View 
of the World," " Letters on Universal History," &c. Complete in 1 
vol. 12mo. 
05" This work is particularly adapted for the use of Schools and Families, 

forming the most elegantly written and complete work on the subject of Natural 

History ever published, and is worthy of the special attention of the teachers ol 

all our schools and academies. 



BIGLAND'S NATURAL HISTORY OF ANIMALS 
Illustrated with 12 beautifully colored eiTgravings. 



BIGLAND'S HISTORY OF BIRDS. 
Illustrated with 12 beautifully colored engravings 



By Shoberl, with 12 colored plates. 
These works are got up in a very superior style, and well deserve an introduc- 
tion to the shelves of every fimily library, as they are very interesting, and par- 
ticularly adapted to the juvenile class of readers. 



GRIMSHAW'S POPULAR HISTORIES. 

FOR SCHOOLS AND FAMILY LIBRARIES, 



GRIMSHAW'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES 
Recently brou2:ht up by the author to the present time. 
Also. Questions adapted to the above History; and a Key, adapted to the 
Questions, for the use of Teachers and Families. 

GRIMSHAW'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 
Recently brought up by the author to the present time. 
Also, Questions adapted to the above History; and a Key, adapted to the 
Questions, for the use of Teachers and Families. 

GRIMSHAW'S IMPROVED EDITION OF GOLDSMITH'S HISTORY 

OF GREECE, 
With a Vocabulary of the Proper Names contained in the work, and tht» 
Prosodial Accents, in conformity with the Pronunciation of Lempricre, 
Also, Questions adapted to the above History; and a Key, adapted to the 
Questions, for the use of Teachers and Families. 
8 



GRIMSHAW'S IMPROVED EDITION OF GOLDSMITH'S HISTORY 

OF ROME. 
Revised ami Corrected; and a Vocabulary of Proper Names appended, 

with Prosodial Marks to assist in their Pronunciation. 
Also, Questions adapted to the above History; and a Key, adapted to the 

Questions, for the use of Teachers and Families. 

GRIMSHAW'S HISTORY OF FRANCE, with Key and Questions. 
GRIMSHAW'S HISTORY AND LIFE OF NAPOLEON. 

The editor of the North American Review, speaking of these Histories, ob- 
serves, that — 

Among the Elementary Books of American History, we do not remember to 
have seen any one more deserving approbation than Mr. Grimshaw's History of 
the United States. It is a small volume, and a great deal of matter is brought 
into a narrow space; but the author has succeeded so well in the construction o* 
his periods, and the arrangement of his materials, that perspicuity is rarely sacri- 
ficed to brevity. 

The chain of narrative is skilfully preserved ; and the author's reflections are 
frequently such as to make the facts more impressive, and lead the youthful mind 
to observe causes and consequences which might otherwise have been overlooked. 
As a school book it may justly be recommended. 

What has been said of this volume will apply generally to his other historical 
works. They are each nearly of the same size as the one just noticed, and de- 
signed for the same oliject, that is, the use of classes in schools. 

The History of Enpland is an original composition; but the Grecian and Roman 
Histories are Goldsmith's, improved by Grimshaw, in which he has corrected the 
typographical errors with which the later editions of Goldsmith's Abridgements 
BO much abound ; and removed any grossness in language, which, in some few 
instances, render these valuable compends less useful in the schools to which 
youth of both sexes resort. He has also added a Vocabulary of Proper Names, 
accentuated, in order to show their right pronunciation, which is a valuable ap- 
pendage to the History. 

All these books are accompanied with very full and well-digested Tables of 
Questions, for the benefit of Pupils, and also with Keys to the same, for the con- 
venience of Teachers. 

GRIMSHAW'S LADIES' LEXICON, 
And Parlor Companion; containing nearly every word in the English 

language, and exhibiting the plurals of nouns and the participles of 

verbs; being also particularly adapted to the use of Academies and 

Schools. By William Grimshaw, Esq. 

In the Nashville Republican, we observe the following notice of this very useful 
book :— 

In recommending the "Ladies' Lexicon," therefore, to all our readers, male 
and female, who have ever experienced the difficulties which it is so admirably 
calculated to remedy, we but do an ordinary act of justice to the author and pul>- 
lisher. Wc consider the "Ladies' Lexicon," and recommend it to our readers aa 
a work that possesses superior claims on their attention and patronage. 

THE GENTLEMEN'S LEXICON. 
Or, Pocket Dictionary: containing nearly every word in the English lan- 
guage, and exhibiting the plurals of nouns and the participles of verbs; 
being also particularly adapted to the use of Academies and Schools. 
By William Grimshaw. 

The public are again indebted to the talents of Mr. Grimshaw, for the very use- 
ful books which he has called "The Ladies' and Gentlemen's Lexicons." 'I'he 
peculiarity and advantages of these works may be collected from the following 
portion of the preface : — 

'9 



They differ from all preceding works of the kind in this,-that they exhibit the 
pluras of all nouns which are not formed by the mere addition of the letters 
and also the participles of every verb now generally used, and unless accom al 
nied by a particular caution. No word has been admitted which is not now of 
polite or popular use; and no word has been excluded which is required either in 
epistolatory composition or conversation. 

In friving the above extracts we take occasion to say, that teachers will find the 

l^ailips and Gentlemen's Lexicons" works admirably adapted to take the nlace 
with advantage to their pupils, of the different works recently put into their hands 
under the name of Expositors, &c. 

■1^ The above work has been introduced as a Classbook into many of our 
academies and schools, with great approbation. 

Ruschenberger's First Books of Natural History 

FOR SCItOOLS, ACADEMIES, COLLEGES, AND FAMILIES. 

Bk. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF ANATOMY AND 

PHYSIOLOGY. 

For the use of Schools and Families; with 45 illustrations. 1 vol. 12mo 

This is a most valuable work, by Dr. Ruschenberger : and most admirably ar« 

^e plates, representing all the different parts of the body, done. It is cheap 

and every parent should place one in the hands of his children.— iV. Y. Herald. ' 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF MAMMALOGY. 
The Natural History of Quadrupeds; for beginners; 75 illustrations. 1 
vol. 12mo. • 

This number treats of all animals that in infancy feed on the milk of their 
mot.iers, from the human being down to the musquito-catching bat. Like the 
"First Book," it IS divided into Questions and Answers, and a Glossary; and is 
Illustrated by six plates. It is very cheap ; and contains an abundance of useful 
information. There are thousands of persons in this country, and millions in 
Europe, who do not know that whales give milk. — A^ew York Era. 

We do not know a more useful set than this promises to be— and JS.~New Ynrk 
Aurora. 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF ORNITHOLOGY. 
The Natural History of Birds; for beginners; 81 illustrations. 1 vol. 12mo. 

New York, Feb. 9, 1846. 

Sir— I have received your note of the 3d instant, together with the "Elements 
of Orniihology," prepared for the use of Schools and Colleges, by W. S. \V. 
Ruschenberger, M. D., &c., and have read the work, in compliance with the re- 
quest of the American Institute, that I should examine and report upon it. 

I have great pleasure in highly recommending it. To say the truth, although I 
am somewhat blanched by the hand of time, and have manv years been a student 
of Ornithology, I consider the present the very best introduction to that science 
that I have ever seen; and I might add as full praise to the other works of the 
series of Ruschenberger's text- books of Natural History, as far as I am acquainted 
with the subjects they relate to. 

Dr. Iliischonberger has, in giving this series to the public, rendered a benefit to 
all seekers after science, as both old and young may profit by the well-arranged 
and valuable information these volumes contain. Your obedient servant. 

To II. Meigs, Esq., JOH'N J. AUDUBON. 

Recording Secretary of the American Institute, New York City. 

We wish we could induce our teachers generally to examine this, as well as the 
earlier works of Dr. Ruschenberger; they are admirably arranged, and just the 
very books needed lor schools. The work before us, on the Natural History of 
Birds, is an admirable oae; and no teacher should neglect to introduce the serie». 

Cincinnati Gazette. 



We have much pleasure in commending this series of works — the third of 
*■ ■ 'Mch, now before us, is on Ornithology. It will be found useful in the school- 
I ^(fbm, or the private study. — U. S. Gazette. 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF HERPETOLOGY AND 
ICHTHYOLOGY. 

The Natural History of Reptiles and Fishes; for beginners; 66 illustra- 
tions. 1 vol. l2ino. 

Ruschenberger's Series of Books on Natural History are among the most valu- 
able and useful works, for the use of Schools, that have ever been published. A 
knowledge of Natural History is not only valuable, but deeply interesting ; and no 
one's education carl, with such facilities as these works atibrd, be considered coni- 
plete without it. — National Intelligencer, 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF CONCHOLOGY. 

The Natural History of Shells and MoUusca; for beginners; 119 illustra- 
tions. 1 vol. 12mo. 

" We have no hand-books equal to these; and we think Dr. R. has conferred 
an obligation upon teachers and learners by producing them in an English dress, 
with all the advantages of well-engraved illustrations. The whole set of this 
work, which is furnished at a low price, will prove an invaluable acquisition to the 
school library." 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF ENTOMOLOGY. 
The Natural History of Insects; for beginners; 91 illustrations. 1 vol. 12mo. 

The subjects are well treated; and from the exceeding cheapness and admirable 
arrangement of these elementary works, they are well fitted for general use ia 
Public Schools, Academies, and in every private library. — New York American. 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 

The Natural History of Plants; for beginners; 194 illustrations. 1 vol. 
12mo. 

We do not hesitate to say, that this is the best work of the kind and dimensions 
that has ever fallen under our notice. We hope all will enibrace the first oppor- 
tiinity of procuring a copy, as we are sure they will prize it highly. — Botanic 
Recorder. 

We regard this series as eminently useful, supplying adequately the instruction 
in Natural History necessary to a proper school education. — North American. 

DR. RUSCHENBERGER'S ELEMENTS OF GEOLOGY. 

The Natural History of the Earth's Structure; for beginners; illustrated 
with 300 beautiful Wood-cuts, designed to assist the learner in the 
course of his studies. 1 vol. 12mo. 

*' We agree with a competent judge in the opinion, that it is the most complete 
and beautiful Elementary Treatise on the subject which has been published in this 
country. The subject of Geology is now attracting a great deal, and will continue 
to excite still more attention in the United States, as our vast miiieral resources 
are becoming more fully developed; and this work exactly suits the wants of the 
I public, in training up the young for future study in this branch of knowledge." 

The series of books of which this forms a part has been highly and justly com- 
mended by the ablest judges, as furnishing rare facilities for the acquisition of 
branches of knowledge, but too much neglected in our schools. We have ex- 
amined the volumes with much care, and we find them well deserving ail th" 
praise bestowed on them. — Godey's Lady's Book, 



•' The above series, taken separately or collectively, is considered one of the 
most valuable contributions to the cause of educatioa which has ever been pub- 
lished in this country." 

Tliis interesting Series of Books has already met with the most flattering recep- 
tion from the American press. They have been introduced into the public schools 
of Pei.nsylvania, Massachusetts, Ohio, Maine, New York, Tennessoe, Alabama, 
Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, the Carolinas, &c., and many of the first class Semi- 
naries of Learning in the United States. The moderate price of this series is a 
great recommendation, being half the price of the common school books in use, 
on the same subject. 

Yale College, Dec. 19, 1845. 

I think this an excellent work — condensed, lucid, cvact, and comprehensive — a 
safe guide for the pupil, and a useful review for the teacher. The illustrations 
are numerous and exact. B. SILLIMAN. 

Extract of a Report to the American Institute. 

Your committee with much pleasure recommend this highly valuable book to 
the attention of those who conduct our Schools, Academies, and Colleges, as 
work excellently calculated to give the first outlines of the very important study 
of Geology to students. Nor do we hesitate to say, that all men, except learned 
Geologists alone, will feel, after its perusal, that. they have received a great re- 
ward for a very small expense of time and money. JAMES J. MAPES. 



GRIGG & ELLIOT'S NEW SERIES OP 

COMMON SCHOOL READERS, 

Numbers First, Second, Third and Fourth. 

These books are particularly adapted for an introduction into the Schools gene- 
rally in the South and West ; and Teachers who feel a deep interest in promoting 
the welfare of their pupils, will, no doubt, after a careful examination, give them 
the preference over all otiier Readers now in use. 

Parents and Teachers will please read the following notice of this invaluable 
series of Elementary School Books, 

We called juieniion to the above-named series of Common School books several weeks 
since, wlieii |inl)lisliiMS an advertisement for the sale ol' lliem by some of our merchants. 
Since thai lime we liave had opporluiiiiy to give them a thorough examination, and we 
feel it due to the community in which we live, and the proprietors ofthose interesting pub- 
lications. 10 notice ihem more particularly. They certainly contribute a valuable addition 
to our slock ot' eleineniary literature; in their plan and details presenting an intimate 
ac(|uaiiiiaiico with the necessiiies that demanded their production, and developing, in their 
prosicution. a wisdom and /,eal in adapting the material at liand to the attainment of the 
object III view, every way woriliy of coitiinendaiion and confidence. 

The Kirst Class reader is exactly such a hook as would iiiierest and impress the minds 
and hearis of litile boys and girls. Composed of short and easy words, embodying plea- 
sant and profitable instruction, it is just the thin^ for infant learners, who find in it such 
words as they can readily pronounce, and such ideas as they can easily comprehend. In 
the Second and Third Class Readers the style increases in the intricacy of diction and the 
elevation of sen time lU, in beautiful consistency with the progress of attentive and studious 
pupils, ill the more advanced stages of primary school education. The Fourth Class 
Reader is an invaluable compendium of deeply interesting and instructive facts, argu- 
ments and inferences, drawn from that unl'ailing repository of truth, the history of the men 
and manners of by-gone times. It is a reprint of the '• Beauties of History," consisting oi 
anecdotes of men and woman made illustrious by the splendor of their talents and virtues 
or rendered eternally iniamous by tlie vileness of their characters and crimes. It is, there' 
fore, a fit companion for those who are completing their term of siudy, preparatory ic 
entering the great arena of lite ; inviting and encouraging them by the bright example o 
the good, to walk in wisdom's narrow path, and warning them, by the wretchedness ant 
ruin of the vicious, from entering the broad road of sin and death. 

After the table of contents of the Second Reader, is a chapter giving directions for th 
attainment of a correct and elegant style of reading, the great importance of which al 
know the value of, but few attain. For the truth of these remarks, we refer to the booki 
themselves. 

*,* Public, private and social libraries, and all who purchase to sell again, supplied oi 
the most reasonable terms with every article in the Book and Stationery line; includinf 
new novels, and all new works in every department of literature and science. 

U^r" Particular attention will also be paid to all orders, through country merchants, o 
by mail, for Law, Medical and Miscellaneous Books, for public and private libraries, ani 
■o efl(>rt will be spared to complete all such orders on th« most reasonable terms. 



